JP2679949B2 - Flowering sheet - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flower growing sheet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as a project by local governments, it has been proposed to grow flowers suitable for the region. However, the progress was not ridiculous because many people are required to promote this project. Due to such circumstances, there has been a demand for a flower which can be raised by a simple work.

Conventionally, a vegetation plate in which seeds of a plant are fixed in advance in a sheet form has been disclosed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 63-829, in order to simplify the growth of the plant. As shown in FIG. 4, in this vegetation plate 20, seeds 22 are sandwiched in one of two voids formed between the three stacked sheets of paper 21, and a soil improving material such as fertilizer 23 is placed in the other void. Are pinched. Then, the vegetation plate thus formed is divided into a plurality of sections by welding the upper and lower papers 21. On the upper surface of the paper 21, a band-shaped straw 24 is fixed by a net 25 made of synthetic resin. This vegetation plate is arranged on the slope, and the soil on the slope is reinforced by roots by germination and growth of seeds.

In addition to the above, a vegetation sheet 30 as shown in FIG. 5 has been proposed. In this vegetation sheet 30, seeds (for example, turf seeds) 32 and fertilizer 33 are arranged on a thin non-woven fabric 31, and thin paper 34 covering the seeds 32 and fertilizer 33 is adhered thereto by a water-soluble film 35. This vegetation sheet 30 is also used for reinforcing the slope.

[0005]

However, it is inconvenient to apply the conventional vegetation plate to a flower-growing sheet. For example, the main purpose of vegetation boards is to protect slopes,
If grass grows in the place where the vegetation plate is arranged and the roots reinforce the soil and greening is performed, it is also preferable that plants (weeds) other than the seeds contained in the vegetation plate grow. However, it is not preferable for the flower-growing sheet to grow weeds, and it is necessary to suppress it. However, the conventional vegetation plate has no effect of suppressing the growth of weeds. In addition, real public Sho 63
In the vegetation board disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 829-829, since the net is made of synthetic resin, there is a problem that the net must be collected after the plant has grown to a certain extent after the construction and extra labor is required.

Further, in order to suppress the growth of weeds, it is conceivable to thicken the non-woven fabric in the vegetation sheet 30 shown in FIG. When the non-woven fabric is thin, water is favorably supplied from the soil to the seeds placed on the non-woven fabric with the vegetation sheet 30 placed on the ground. However, if the non-woven fabric is made thick, there is a problem that the seeds arranged on the non-woven fabric are insufficiently supplied with water from the soil and the growth of plants is inhibited.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the purpose thereof is to enable germination and growth of flower seeds while effectively suppressing the growth of weeds. To provide a flower-growing sheet that is easy to maintain and easy to maintain.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the invention according to claim 1, on the upper surface of a substrate made of a biodegradable nonwoven fabric formed to a thickness that suppresses the growth of weeds,
A water retaining material made of a biodegradable material is arranged together with the flower seeds and fertilizer, and a covering material made of a biodegradable material for sandwiching the seed, fertilizer and water retaining material in cooperation with the base material is provided thereon. Provided.

Further, in the invention as set forth in claim 2, the seeds and fertilizers are arranged in a discrete state on a base material, and the water retaining material covers the seeds and the fertilizer in a discrete state. It joined with the base material in the place where the material was not arranged.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the covering material is composed of a net made of a biodegradable material, which is joined to a base material through a water-soluble film, and its eyes are germinated from the seeds. The size was set to allow the sprouts to pass through.

[0011]

When the flower-growing sheet according to the first aspect of the present invention is placed on soil, the base material is shielded from light so that sufficient light for germination and growth of weeds cannot reach below the flower-growing sheet.
Further, even when germinated, the base material prevents the sprouts from passing, so that the growth of weeds is suppressed. The base material absorbs water from rainwater, irrigation and soil, and supplies water necessary for germination and growth of seeds to seeds or roots. Although the water retention (water absorption) of the base material is insufficient, the water retention material retains the water necessary for germination and growth of the seeds, and the water necessary for the growth of the seeds is sufficiently supplied. The water retaining material also acts to prevent evaporation of soil moisture. The germinated seed penetrates through the non-woven fabric forming the base material and roots in the soil, and the germ passes through the covering material.
Seeds, fertilizers and water retention materials are covered with coating materials,
After being moved from the base material during transportation and after the flower-growing sheet has been installed, scattering due to wind is prevented. Furthermore, all the constituents are biodegradable and the flowering sheet decomposes naturally after being placed in soil.

In the flower-growing sheet according to the second aspect of the invention, the water-retaining material is arranged discretely and can be freely bent at the place where the base material and the covering material are directly joined. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the flower-growing sheet can be folded or rolled into a roll, which facilitates storage, handling, and construction.

According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the second aspect of the invention, the net functions to reinforce the flower-growing sheet. Therefore, transportation of the flower growing sheet,
The handling becomes easier and the workability also improves. The germinated shoots pass through the net eyes and grow upward.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flower-growing sheet 1 includes a nonwoven fabric 2 as a base material for holding the flower seeds 3 and the fertilizer 4, and a water retention material 5 for sandwiching the seeds 3 and the fertilizer 4 together with the nonwoven fabric 2. And a net 7 as a covering material for fixing the seed 3, the fertilizer 4 and the water retaining material 5 on the non-woven fabric 2.

The non-woven fabric 2 is composed of a biodegradable material which is decomposed by microorganisms. As biodegradable material, hemp,
Cotton, rayon, polycaprolactone, or a mixture thereof is used. In this embodiment, a non-woven fabric 2 in which hemp and rayon mixed with curd is mixed (80:20) is used. The non-woven fabric 2 has a basis weight of 50 to 150 g / m ² in order to have a thickness that suppresses the growth of weeds and to improve the adhesion to soil during construction. The upper surface of the nonwoven fabric 2 is dyed with a black pigment.

A plurality of flower seeds 3 are arranged on the upper surface of the nonwoven fabric 2 in a dispersed state. The intervals at which the seeds 3 are arranged are appropriately set depending on the type of flower. On the upper surface of the nonwoven fabric 2, granular fertilizers 4 are arranged in a dispersed state. The seeds 3 are not limited to the same kind, and a plurality of kinds of seeds 3 may be arranged at the same location.

The water retention material 5 is also made of a biodegradable material. As the water retaining material 5, rice husks, charcoal (steamed rice husks), rice straw, peat moss can be used. In this embodiment, as the water retaining material 5, chaff crushed to a size of about 1 mm is used. The water retaining material 5 is arranged so as to completely cover the various kinds of the discretely arranged children 3. Water retaining material 5
The amount is 100 to 500 g / m ² , preferably 300 to 4
00 g / m ² .

The net 7 is PVA as a water-soluble film
It is adhered to the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 2 via a (polyvinyl alcohol) film 6. The net 7 is formed from a tape made by spinning a viscose rayon, which is a biodegradable material, into a wide band, and its eyes are formed into a net shape having a size through which buds germinated from the seed 3 can pass. The net 7 is dyed black with a dye.

Next, a method for manufacturing the flower-growing sheet 1 will be described. In order to manufacture the flower-growing sheet 1, first, referring to FIG.
As shown in (a), the nonwoven fabric 2 manufactured by the needle punching method and wound in a roll shape is gradually let out and passed under the sprayer 11, and a solution in which a black pigment is mixed with an aqueous PVA solution is blown on one surface thereof. Put on. Then, the nonwoven fabric 2 is dried by the dryer 12 and then wound into a roll. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the nonwoven fabric 2 is gradually fed out with the dyed side as the upper surface, and the three hoppers 13,
Pass under 14 and 15 in order. Seeds 3 are stored in the hopper 13, fertilizer 4 is stored in the hopper 14, and water retaining material 5 is stored in the hopper 15. Hopper 13,
14 and 15 are formed so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the nonwoven fabric 2, and the hoppers 13 and 15 have supply ports formed at predetermined intervals. The hopper 14 is formed with a supply port having a length substantially equal to the width of the nonwoven fabric 2. Then, the seeds 3 are intermittently supplied from the hopper 13, and the seeds 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 2 passing therebelow. The fertilizer 4 is supplied almost continuously from the hopper 14, and the fertilizer 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 2 passing therethrough almost uniformly. Hopper 15
From here, a predetermined amount of the water retaining material 5 is intermittently supplied so as to cover the seeds 3 on the nonwoven fabric 2 passing therebelow.

Next, water is sprayed from the nozzle 16 onto the nonwoven fabric 2 over its entire width, and then the PVA film 6 is formed.
Is laminated on the nonwoven fabric 2. The PVA film 6 is successively fed out from the roll-shaped one. The film 6 is laminated on the nonwoven fabric 2 with its lower surface dissolved in water sprayed on the upper surface of the nonwoven fabric 2. Next, water is sprayed from the nozzle 17 onto the upper surface of the film 6 over its entire width, and the upper surface of the film 6 is dissolved by the sprayed water, and then the net 7 is laminated. The net 7 is sequentially paid out from the one wound in a roll. Next, after the whole is lightly pressed by the press roller 18, the dryer 1
It is dried at 8 and wound into a roll. As a result,
The non-woven fabric 2 and the net 7 are bonded via the film 6,
The seed 3, the fertilizer 4, and the water retaining material 5 are held by the non-woven fabric 2 while being sandwiched between the net 7 and the non-woven fabric 2. Since the material of the net 7 is formed into a tape shape, the net 7 is reliably bonded to the film 6.

As the film 6, a commercially available PVA film can be used. 0.017 mm thick as a PVA film,
The peel strength was examined using three types of 0.025 mm and 0.040 mm. As a result, the peel strength increased as the thickness increased, but in the case of a thick film, when water was sprayed, uniform wetting did not occur between the film front surface and the back surface, and a warp phenomenon occurred. However, the thickness is 0.017mm
In this case, the workability was good and the peel strength was sufficient.

A flower-growing sheet 1 constructed as described above
The water retaining materials 5 are discretely arranged at predetermined intervals,
Since the net 7 is bonded to the non-woven fabric 2 via the film 6, the portion where is not arranged is freely bent. Further, since it is stored and transported in a roll state, it becomes easy to secure a storage space and handle it. Further, the seed 3, the fertilizer 4 and the water retaining material 5 are held at a predetermined position on the nonwoven fabric 2 by the film 6.

When constructing the flower-growing sheet 1, after smoothing the ground at the construction site, the roll-shaped flower-growing sheet 1 is rolled out from the edge of the soil such as the flowerbed on which the flower-growing sheet 1 is constructed, and is fed out by a predetermined length. . Then, it is cut at that position, placed at a predetermined position, appropriately fixed so as not to fly by wind, etc., and then watered. The flower-growing sheet 1 may be cut in advance to a predetermined length without rolling, and the flower-growing sheet 1 may be appropriately fixed. At this time, the nonwoven fabric 2 of the flower-growing sheet 1 has a basis weight of 50 to 150.
Since it is g / m ^2, it adheres well to the soil even if the soil has some irregularities.

When the flower-growing sheet 1 is installed, the nonwoven fabric 2
The water-retaining material 5 absorbs and retains irrigation water during construction, and supplies the seeds or roots with water necessary for seed development and growth. The nonwoven fabric 2 and the water retaining material 5 absorb rainwater and retain it. Although the water retention of the nonwoven fabric 2 is insufficient as compared with the soil, the water retention material 5 compensates for it and the seed 3 is supplied with the water necessary for growth. Since the water retention material 5 prevents the water from evaporating from the soil, the non-woven fabric 2 and the soil located below the water retention material 5 are protected from being dried, and even when the outside air is dry, a certain amount of water is present around the seeds 3. Secured. As a result, the seed 3 is stably supplied with the water necessary for growth, so that good growth is promoted and the germination rate is increased. Further, since the water retaining material 5 and the nonwoven fabric 2 have air permeability and breathe well, growth is favorably carried out.

Further, the soil under the flower-growing sheet 1 is shielded by the non-woven fabric 2 or the like so that sufficient light cannot reach it, so that the growth of weeds is suppressed. Moreover, in this embodiment, the nonwoven fabric 2
Is colored black, the degree of shading is increased, and the growth of weeds is further suppressed. Further, even when weeds germinate, the nonwoven fabric 2 hinders the passage of the buds, so that the growth thereof is suppressed.

The film 6 is dissolved by irrigation and rainwater. After the film 6 is dissolved, the water retention material 5 and the fertilizer 4
Is covered with a net 7. At this time, since the fibers of the net 7 spread in a wide tape shape, the water retention material 5 and the fertilizer 4
Is effectively suppressed. Furthermore, when the seeds 3 take out the buds from the water retention material 5, the buds pass between the eyes of the net 7, so that their growth is not hindered.

Further, since the nonwoven fabric 2 and the net 7 are made of a biodegradable material and the film 6 is made of a water-soluble material, they are decomposed or dissolved on the soil. As a result, since it is not necessary to collect each member after the flower-growing sheet 1 is constructed, labor can be saved and environmental pollution can be prevented.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be configured as follows without departing from the spirit of the invention. (1) The seeds 3 may be arranged on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 2 on average, and only the water retaining material 5 may be arranged in a dispersed state as in the above embodiment.

The seeds 3 may be arranged on the non-woven fabric 2 in a plurality of parallel strips, and the water retaining material 5 may be arranged in a similar strip so as to cover the seeds 3. Also in this case, the net 7 is bonded to the non-woven fabric 2 by the film 6 at a position where the water retaining material 5 is not arranged, so that the flower-growing sheet 1 can be freely bent. Therefore, storage, handling and construction become easy.

Paper may be used as the covering material instead of the net 7. In this case, the paper is beaten with irrigation or rainwater,
It shall not inhibit the growth of flower buds. Also, in this case,
The non-woven fabric 2 and the paper may be adhered with starch paste.

(2) The seeds 3 may be dispersed evenly, and the water retaining material 5 may be arranged so as to cover all the seeds 3. In this case, the non-woven fabric 2 and the net 7 or paper are sewn together in places to be integrated.

(3) As the non-woven fabric 2, hemp (100
%), Hemp and rayon blend (80:20), hemp and rayon blend (50:50), rayon (100)
%), Cotton and rayon (80:20), cotton (1
As a result of examining the water retention capacity of (00%), the initial water retention capacity decreased in the following order.

>>>>>>> Cotton (100%) and the blend of cotton and rayon were significantly lower than those of hemp, rayon and a blend of both.

When the water-retentive non-woven fabric 2 was allowed to stand, the amount of water lost per unit time was equivalent to, and was larger than these three cases. Rayon (100%) has good wettability with water and absorbs water quickly, but since the fiber itself is weak, its thickness becomes extremely thin when wetted with water. As a result, the amount of water absorption of the nonwoven fabric 2 as a whole is reduced. However, it is considered that the non-woven fabric 2 is kept in a bulky state and the amount of water absorption is increased by blending with hemp.
Since cotton has a strong oil component, it is highly water-repellent and hard to get wet with water. Hemp is similar, but the fiber itself is thicker than cotton, and because it is a non-woven fabric, a space for water to enter is formed,
It seems that the amount of water absorption increases.

Therefore, as the non-woven fabric 2 as the base material, the mixed spinning of hemp and rayon (80:20), hemp (100%), and the mixed spinning of hemp and rayon (50:50) are suitable. (4) The results of the experiment in which the initial water absorption time, which is a measure of the wettability of the water retaining material and the water permeability, were examined are as follows.

Kun charcoal <rice husk (under crushing) <rice husk (crushing large)
<Rice husk (small crush) <Rice straw <Rice husk (untreated) In this case, the crushed size of the rice husk is 1 mm or more, during crushing it is about 0.6 to 1 mm, and crushed small is about 0.6 mm or less. is there. In addition, rice straw was crushed into several millimeters.

Further, according to the result of the experiment for examining the water retention characteristics, the initial water retention amount was as follows. Rice husk (small crushed)> Kun charcoal> Rice husk (during crushing)> Rice husk (large crushed)> Rice straw As a result, crushed rice husk to about 1 mm is most suitable as a biodegradable water retention material.

Further, since peat moss has a very large water repellency, the initial amount of water absorption becomes relatively small. For the same reason, the non-crushed rice husk also resulted in a small water absorption. When a water retaining material having a water retaining property as good as that of the soil is used, the roots from the seeds 3 may not grow toward the soil through the nonwoven fabric 2 and may grow only inside the water retaining material 5. Then, if the water retaining material 5 is dried by the sun in that state, the growing plant will be dead. Therefore, as the water retaining material 5, a material having slightly inferior water retaining property to the soil is suitable.

Further, according to the result of the experiment in which the degree of water loss due to transpiration was examined, the degree of water loss of coal charcoal was slightly large, but there was almost no difference. (5) Although the nonwoven fabric 2 is dyed in black for the purpose of improving the light-shielding property, it may be dyed in a color other than black, for example, a color such as brown, green, red or yellow. According to the result of the experiment in which the shade degree with respect to the adhered amount of each color was examined, the basis weight was 66 g / m ²
When the above sample was used, the adhesion amount was 10 to 30% and the light shielding degree was 87 to 92%. Yellow had a low shading effect. The shading degree was 82% when the adhesion amount was 0.

Further, the non-woven fabric 2 using rayon dyed black by pre-dyeing showed a light-shielding degree of 98% when the basis weight was 70 g / m ² . That is, it is preferable to use a dyed material in order to improve the light-shielding property.

Further, as a result of examining the relationship between the amount of the coloring material attached to the nonwoven fabric 2 and the ventilation resistance, it was found that the ventilation resistance does not depend on the amount of the coloring material attached. That is, it was confirmed that the improvement of the light-shielding property was not obtained by closing the space, but was obtained by coloring the nonwoven fabric 2.

Coloring is not the purpose of improving the light-shielding property,
It can also be used for the purpose of improving the appearance of flowers until they bloom.
For example, the flower-growing sheet 1 colored in various colors is standardized to have a predetermined size (for example, 30 m × 90 cm), and the flower-growing sheets 1 having different colors are combined and applied. Also, the type of seeds 3 arranged on the flower-growing sheet 1, the construction time,
The flowers may be colored in different colors to distinguish when the flowers bloom.

(6) A non-woven fabric 2 and a rough woven fabric or knitted fabric having meshes of a size that allows passage of roots from seeds 3 are overlapped and entwined by needle punching to integrate them to reinforce the non-woven fabric 2. May be. The woven fabric or knitted fabric may be sandwiched by the non-woven fabric 2 and entwined with a needle punch to be integrated. In this case, the strength of the flower-growing sheet 1 is improved, and storage, handling, and construction are facilitated. As these woven fabrics, a mixed woven fabric of rayon, cotton, hemp or the like, or a warp knitted fabric is suitable.

A net may be used instead of the woven fabric or the knitted fabric. (7) The seed 3, the fertilizer 4, and the water retention material 5 may be integrated with the nonwoven fabric 2 by covering only with the film 6. In this case, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Below, in addition to the technical idea described in the claims, the technical idea grasped in the above-mentioned embodiment will be described together with the effects. (1) In Claim 1 or 2, the coating material is a paper material that is beaten by absorbing water. According to this configuration, the finely crushed water retaining material 5 can be securely fixed and held.

(2) The substrate is colored according to any one of claims 1 and 2 and technical idea 1. According to this configuration,
It is possible to further suppress the growth of weeds. (3) In Claim 1 or 2, the base material is reinforced with a net. According to this structure, the handleability and the workability can be further improved.

[0047]

As described in detail above, according to the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to germinate and cultivate seeds of flowering plants while effectively suppressing the growth of weeds, and to carry out the construction. Easy and easy to clean.

According to the invention described in claim 2, the first
In addition to the effect of the invention described above, since the base material and the covering material are freely bent at the location where they are directly joined, storage, handling and construction can be facilitated.

According to the invention described in claim 3, the first
In addition to the effect of the invention or the second invention, since the covering material reinforces the flower-growing sheet, transportability, handling, and workability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a flower-growing sheet as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flower-growing sheet.

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a process for dyeing a nonwoven fabric, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing a process for producing a flower-growing sheet.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional vegetation plate.

FIG. 5 is likewise a schematic perspective view showing a vegetation sheet.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Nonwoven fabric as a base material, 3 ... Seed, 4 ... Fertilizer, 5 ... Water retaining material, 6 ... Water-soluble film, 7 ... Net.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Norio Koike 3-20, Fukumitsu-cho, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazuya Sodegaki 3-21-21 Shimonara, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Tanaka 371, Urushigauchi-cho, Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Kaoru Tsuda 16-45, Masushima-cho, Furukawa-cho, Yoshiki-gun, Gifu Prefecture (72) Makoto Taguchi 3--7-22, Muko-cho, Furukawa-cho, Yoshiki-gun, Gifu Prefecture No. (72) Inventor Tadahiko Kobayashi 1-59, Meigadai, Mizunami-shi, Gifu (56) References Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-54603 (JP, A) Fukui 2-145008 (JP, U)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flower seed (3) and a fertilizer (4) are placed on the upper surface of a base material (2) made of a biodegradable nonwoven fabric formed to a thickness that suppresses the growth of weeds, and biodegradable. A water-retaining material (5) made of a material is arranged, and a biodegradable material for sandwiching the seed (3), fertilizer (4) and water-retaining material (5) on the water-retaining material (5) in cooperation with the base material (2). A flower-growing sheet with a covering material. 2. The seed (3) and the fertilizer (4) are arranged in a discrete state on the base material (2), and the water retaining material (5) is also covered on the base material in a discrete state, and the coating is performed. The flower-growing sheet according to claim 1, wherein the material is bonded to the base material (2) at a location where the water retaining material (5) is not arranged. 3. The covering material is composed of a net (7) made of biodegradable material, which is joined to a base material (2) through a water-soluble film (6) and the eyes of the covering material (3). )
The flower-growing sheet according to claim 2, which has a size that allows sprouts germinated from the plant to pass through.