JP2680498B2 - Latent heat storage device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly uses nighttime electric power as an energy source for large-scale district heat supply plants and air-conditioning equipment for high-rise buildings, especially cooling air-conditioning equipment, and uses sherbet-shaped ice in a heat storage tank. Cold storage by generating
The present invention relates to a latent heat storage device in which cold heat that is taken out by being thawed during the daytime is used for cooling and air conditioning equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as an energy source for air-conditioning equipment in industrial plants and high-rise buildings, a heat pump (same as a refrigerator) is operated by using cheap electric power at night to generate cold water or hot water to store heat. However, a heat storage type air conditioning system with improved economy has been proposed by mainly using this for a cooling and air conditioning system in the daytime. Particularly in recent years, there is a concern that the cooling load during the daytime in the summer will increase rapidly and the stable supply of electric power will be hindered.

From such a background, many air-conditioning systems having a heat storage device have been studied and are already in operation. At present, however, an ice heat storage device whose heat storage capacity is remarkably increased as compared with conventional water is put to practical use. Is steadily progressing.

As a trivial example of this ice heat storage device, there are JP-A-56-25664, JP-A-1-144721, JP-A-2-97845, and JP-A-2-195.
136, JP-A-3-140767, U.S. Pat. No. 2,996,894, German Laid-Open Publication 250844.
No. 7 etc. are mentioned.

Any of these is a latent heat storage device for air conditioning, and it uses water as a latent heat storage body (first liquid) to continuously and efficiently generate ice in a sherbet state. That is, an ice making method in which a heat storage cooling body (second liquid: mainly oily liquid) cooled to 0 ° C. or less in a refrigerator is used as a heat medium, and the heat medium is jetted into water to directly contact with water for heat exchange It is adopted.

Therefore, in such a latent heat storage device, the heat transfer efficiency is extremely high, the ice is in the form of fine ice particles, and the ice moves to the upper part due to buoyancy, so that the antifreeze liquid always comes into contact with water at 0 ° C. , Repeat ice making. Therefore, the most excellent feature is that the ice making efficiency is high.

However, the latent heat storage device disclosed in each of these publications continues to make ice efficiently in a stable state, or directly supplies cold water directly from the heat storage water tank, which is important for user convenience. There is a problem, and it is the current situation that it is not widely accepted.

[0008]

Here, as a conventional example of a latent heat storage device for producing ice in a sherbet state by an ice making method by direct contact, there is shown in FIG. 9 (US Pat. No. 2,996).
894) and FIG. 10 (JP-A-2-9784).
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5). The latent heat storage device of FIGS. 9 and 10 uses water as the first liquid, an oily liquid lighter than water as the second liquid, and uses the pump and piping to feed the second liquid cooled by the refrigerator. It is designed to blow out into the water stored at the bottom of the heat storage water tank.

However, with such a structure, the density of the second liquid, which is an antifreeze liquid, is not so different from that of water, and is lighter than that of water. Will be mixed. For this reason, it becomes difficult to take cold water directly from the heat storage water tank and send it to the cooling load, and in order to take out cold heat from the heat storage water tank, a heat exchanger for taking out cold heat is required. There are problems with the simplicity of the equipment and direct water intake.

As a latent heat storage device for solving such a problem, a latent heat storage device is shown in FIG. 11 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-25664).
Japanese Patent Publication). The latent heat storage device of FIG. 11 has a second liquid (which is also an oily liquid) cooled below the freezing point of the first liquid (water) by the refrigerator from the lower part of the water tank for storing the first liquid (water). Lighter than water and ice)
Is allowed to flow upward and heat is exchanged by direct contact with water.
Part of the water solidifies and the second liquid rises in it. This point is the same as in FIG. 9, but a separation membrane (called a coalescer) that allows the second liquid (oil-based liquid) to pass through but does not allow ice to pass is installed above the water tank. The amount of the oily liquid that is the second liquid used is relatively reduced.

At the time of thawing, the flow of the reflux liquid of the first liquid, which has absorbed the cooling load and has warmed up, is located below the separation membrane, mainly at the position where the ice of the first liquid in the sherbet state is gathered by buoyancy. An outlet is provided for reflux, and cold water is taken out from the cold water take-out port at the bottom of the water tank also through a separation membrane (for the purpose of separating ice), which allows direct water intake.

However, in such a structure, it is considered that the possibility of involving ice or water in the flow of the oily liquid to the refrigerator is reduced. Since the second liquid (oil-based liquid) that has flown out is emulsified or floats for a long time, it is not sufficient to prevent the oil-based liquid from flowing out to the air conditioning load, and a problem remains in the separation technology.

In general, when an oily liquid is used as the second liquid, the second liquid ejected in the first liquid becomes an emulsion state or becomes turbid, which requires a long time for separation. Since it is often necessary, a large-scale device is required for cold heat extraction through a heat exchanger and separation. Therefore, despite good ice-making efficiency,
Due to the poor usability, it is often not accepted by users.

On the other hand, FIG. 12 (cited from JP-A-1-244225), FIG. 13 (quoted from JP-A-2-110231), and FIG. 14 (cited from JP-A-3-140767) This is a case where a liquid having a larger specific gravity than the first liquid is used as the liquid.

However, the latent heat storage devices shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 store the second liquid in the bottom of the water tank without any deviation, and cool the second liquid by the heat exchanger or the refrigerator. Then, water that is the first liquid is caused to flow into the second liquid that has become low temperature from the lower part of the water tank (FIGS. 12 and 14),
An ice production method in which stirring is performed at the interface between the first liquid and the second liquid to make the ice formed at the interface finer (see FIG. 1).
3). Therefore, the temperature of the second liquid guided to the refrigerator is considerably lower than the freezing temperature of the first liquid (0 ° C. for water), and the high heat transfer characteristics due to direct contact are not reflected in the refrigeration efficiency. There is a problem.

Therefore, as a latent heat storage device for solving this problem, FIG. 15 (JP-A-3-14076) is used.
There is one as shown in (cited from Japanese Patent Publication No. 7). The latent heat storage device of FIG. 15 recovers the second liquid from the lower part of the heat storage water tank, cools it by a refrigerator to a temperature below the freezing point of water which is the first liquid, and transfers it to the water tank from the air above the water tank. It is something that erupts. In this case, when the second liquid (oil-based liquid), which is heavier than water, falls down and settles in the water, it exchanges heat with the water sufficiently, and the temperature rises to almost the water temperature before being recovered from the lower part of the water tank. Therefore, it is possible to maintain high refrigeration efficiency in the refrigerator.

However, the temperature of the low-temperature second liquid is further lowered to the temperature of the chabate-like ice of the first liquid (0 ° C. for water in the coexistence state with the liquid), and the second liquid is inside. It has poor deicing properties and forms a solid, heavy ice mass. Usually, such ice is made up of a second liquid and a first liquid.
It cannot settle because it precipitates at the interface with the liquid. Although such a problem has not been described above, the same applies to FIGS. 12, 13, and 14. An object of the present invention is to provide a latent heat storage device that is easy for a user to handle and that can effectively store latent heat obtained by heat exchange with high efficiency.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following means.

The invention corresponding to claim 1 is a heat storage device that uses latent heat at the time of solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, and has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is mixed and combined with each other. Freezing means for cooling a second liquid, which is insoluble and has a specific gravity larger than that of the first liquid, to a temperature below the freezing point of the first liquid, and a second liquid cooled by the freezing means to a first liquid in the heat storage tank. The first liquid is ejected into the heat storage tank, and the second liquid that has flowed out into the heat storage tank is recovered by the outflow means. The heat is exchanged with the second liquid flowing out into the heat storage tank. 1 liquid is cooled and solidified,
In the latent heat storage device for storing the latent heat at the time of solidification, the recovery means has one or more recovery parts at the bottom of the heat storage tank, and the bottom surface has a second shape for the recovery part. A vortex generation preventing means for preventing suction of the first liquid at the time of collecting the liquid is provided.

[0020]

The invention according to claim 2 is a heat storage device that uses latent heat during solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, and has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is mixed and combined with each other. Freezing means for cooling a second liquid, which is insoluble and has a specific gravity larger than that of the first liquid, to a temperature below the freezing point of the first liquid, and a second liquid cooled by the freezing means to a first liquid in the heat storage tank. The first liquid is ejected into the heat storage tank, and the second liquid that has flowed out into the heat storage tank is recovered by the outflow means. The heat is exchanged with the second liquid flowing out into the heat storage tank. 1 liquid is cooled and solidified,
In a latent heat storage device configured to store latent heat during solidification, a suction unit for sucking only the first liquid is provided at a position corresponding to a solidified product of the first liquid that floats and stays above the heat storage tank. The suction unit is provided with a separating means for separating the solidified product of the first liquid, and the first liquid sucked by the suction unit through the separating unit is stored under the heat of the second liquid outlet. A circulation means for supplying the air with its outlet facing upward is provided in the tank.

[0022]

The invention corresponding to claim 3 is a heat storage device that uses latent heat at the time of solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, and has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is mixed and combined with each other. Freezing means for cooling a second liquid, which is insoluble and has a specific gravity larger than that of the first liquid, to a temperature below the freezing point of the first liquid, and a second liquid cooled by the freezing means to a first liquid in the heat storage tank. The first liquid is ejected into the heat storage tank, and the second liquid that has flowed out into the heat storage tank is recovered by the outflow means. The heat is exchanged with the second liquid flowing out into the heat storage tank. 1 liquid is cooled and solidified,
In the latent heat storage device configured to store the latent heat at the time of solidification, the outflow means includes a central nozzle for outflowing the second liquid recovered by the recovery means into the second liquid cooled by the freezing means. An outer peripheral nozzle for flowing out the second liquid recovered by the recovery means having a temperature higher than that of the second liquid flowing out of the central nozzle, and an outer peripheral nozzle integrally provided with the outer peripheral nozzle so as to be flush with the outlets of the respective outflow nozzles. And a convection prevention plate that is provided.

[0024]

Therefore, in the corresponding invention of claim 1,
Since an appropriate inclined surface is formed in one or more collecting parts provided at the bottom of the heat storage tank so that the second liquid collects by gravity, the second liquid can be efficiently collected in this collecting part. Can be collected. Further, since the vortex generation preventing means for preventing the suction of the first liquid at the time of recovering the second liquid is provided in the recovery unit, the generation of the vortex due to the suction flow at the time of recovering the second liquid is eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the problem of sucking the first liquid.

[0025]

In the invention corresponding to claim 2, the first liquid coagulated product is provided in the suction portion provided at a position corresponding to the first liquid coagulated product floating and staying above the heat storage tank. Since the first liquid sucked through the separating means for separating is supplied upward by the circulation means into the heat storage tank below the installation position of the outlet of the second liquid, the fine ice produced in the heat storage tank is While floating inside the aquarium, they come into contact with each other and become flocculent ice that eventually accumulates on top. The ice on top remains low due to the rising cotton flocs. Therefore, as a means for improving the filling rate of ice, the first liquid is made to flow from the bottom of the water tank to the upper part, and the floating cotton-like ice is collected at the upper part, and only the first liquid is separated from the upper part so that the piping By returning to the bottom of the water tank and circulating from the bottom of the water tank toward the upper part again, the ice filling rate inside the water tank can be improved.

[0027]

In the invention corresponding to claim 3, the second liquid cooled by the refrigerating means is caused to flow out from the central nozzle, and the temperature of the collecting means is higher than that of the outer peripheral nozzle provided so as to surround the second liquid. The convection prevention plate provided so as to allow the second liquid recovered by the above to flow out and be flush with the outlets of the central nozzle and the outer peripheral nozzle acts so that the low temperature part at the tip of the nozzle does not come into contact with cold water. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the nozzle portion from freezing due to the attachment of cold water. Therefore, stable ice making cannot be maintained due to the condensation and growth of the first liquid around the outlet of the central nozzle that causes the second liquid cooled below the freezing point of the first liquid to flow out. Even if the pump of the liquid circulation system is stopped, the first liquid will not flow back into the circulation system due to gravity, and the first liquid will not flow back inside the circulation system.
It is possible to prevent problems such as solidification of the liquid.

[0029]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 are views for explaining a first embodiment of a latent heat storage device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an ice heat storage device installed in a district heat supply plant underground in a high-rise building. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the ice heat storage device, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the bottom center part of the heat storage water tank, and FIG.
Are enlarged sectional views of the heat storage refrigerant liquid separation and recovery device for centrifugal force application, respectively.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a high-rise building, and each room 2 of each floor of the high-rise building 1 is formed with a storage room 3 divided by a partition plate 4. An indoor heat exchanger 6 having a cooling fan 5 is installed in each of the storage chambers 3. A cold air supply pipe 7 having an outlet 7a is connected to each indoor heat exchanger 6, and each cold air supply pipe 7 is provided along the ceiling side of each room 2. Further, a through hole 8 is vertically formed in the high-rise building 1 near each of the storage chambers 3, and a cold water supply pipe 9a and a return pipe 9b are provided in the through hole 8.
And are piped. The supply pipe 9a and the return pipe 9b are connected to each indoor heat exchanger 6, and each indoor heat exchanger 6 exchanges heat with the cooling water from the supply pipe 9a by each cooling fan 5 to generate cooling air. Is. This cooling air is supplied to each room 2 through each cold air supply pipe 7 to cool the room, while the cold water that has undergone heat exchange is formed in the basement 1a of the high-rise building 1 through the return pipe 9b. It is designed to be returned to the heat storage water tank 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, this ice heat storage water tank 10 connects the basement 1a of the high-rise building 1 to a plurality of water tank units divided by a partition plate 11 having a communication hole. Further, the bottom portion of the heat storage water tank 10 is formed into an inclined surface that is inclined downward from the peripheral portion toward the center portion, and the recessed portion of the second liquid Wa is formed as the reservoir portion 10a in the center portion of the bottom portion. The bottom and inner surfaces of the ice storage water tank 10 and the partition plate 1
A heat insulating material 12 is attached to 1. This ice storage water tank 1
As shown in FIG. 1, 0 is connected to a commercial water pipe 13 arranged in a common groove 14 buried in the ground outside the building 1 through an on-off valve.

On the other hand, in the ice heat storage water tank 10, cold water W as a first liquid and heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa having a large specific gravity as a second liquid are mixed and stored. In this embodiment, as the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa, for example, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa whose specific gravity is 1.5 times or more that of the first liquid and whose freezing point is larger than that of the first liquid is ice heat storage as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. When the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is deposited on the bottom of the water tank 10, the ice storage water tank 10
Along the sloped surface of the bottom of the tank, it flows down to the pool 10a by its own weight and collects in the pool 10a.

Further, reference numeral 15 denotes a flat substrate horizontally provided on the basement 1a of the high-rise building 1 so as to cover the ice heat storage water tank 10, and a pump 16 and a pump 16 constituting a cold / hot water supply system are provided on the substrate 15. A heat pump 17 is installed, and these are connected to the supply pipe 9a and the return pipe 9b through a switching valve.

Further, 18 is a refrigerator installed on the substrate 15, and a supply pipe 19 is provided on the suction side 18a of the refrigerator 18.
Is connected. This supply pipe 19 is a suction port 1 for the heat storage refrigerant liquid.
9a, and this suction port 19a is arranged in communication with a reservoir 10a formed at the bottom of the ice heat storage water tank 10. In this case, a vortex generation preventing portion 10b made of a porous plate is provided above the reservoir portion 10a as shown in FIG. The vortex generation preventing portion 10b prevents a vortex generated by the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa flowing into the reservoir 10a. Further, a guide 19c that defines the suction direction is provided at the suction port 19a provided at the end of the supply pipe 19 so that the cold water W does not mix with the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa. Also,
The strainer 20, the suction pump 21, and the water-liquid separator 2 are connected to the supply pipe 19 connected to the suction side 18a of the refrigerator 18.
2 are connected and provided in order.

The refrigerator 18 has an evaporator 18b, and a discharge pipe 23 is connected to the evaporator 18b. The discharge pipe 23 is immersed in the cold water W in the ice heat storage water tank 10 and is arranged such that the end side of the discharge pipe 23 is horizontal at the bottom side of the ice heat storage water tank 10. A plurality of injection nozzles 24 are attached to the section side.

On the other hand, 28 is an air conditioning controller installed on the substrate 15 near the refrigerator 18 as shown in FIG. 1. The air conditioning controller 28 supplies air conditioning and heat in the high-rise building 1. It is used as an operation management device that manages the operation of each device in the plant.

29 is a suction port 2 for sucking cold water.
It is the cold water supply pipe 2 having 9a, and this suction port 29a is provided by being immersed in the cold water in the ice heat storage water tank 10. The cold water supply pipe 29 is connected to the lower end of the supply pipe 9a shown in FIG. 1 via an open / close valve (not shown).

Further, 30 is a reflux pipe connected to the lower end of the return pipe 9b shown in FIG. 1, and this reflux pipe 30 is arranged in a space existing between the ice heat storage water tank 10 and the substrate 15. The sprinkler pipe 30a is connected. The sprinkling pipe 30a has a plurality of cold water outlets for circulating cold water in the ice heat storage water tank 10.

Here, the refrigerator 18 is controlled based on the operation management of the air conditioning controller 28, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid is supplied from the refrigerator 18 to a plurality of water tank units of the ice heat storage water tank 10 at the same time or at different times. It is supposed to be done.
The water-liquid separation device 22 is configured as shown in FIG.

That is, the water-liquid separation device 22 includes the tank 22a.
The tank 22a is provided with an inflow port 22b and a discharge port 22c at a position higher than the inflow port 22b, and a drain port 22d is provided on the upper surface of the tank 22a. This tank 22a
22b is connected to the suction pump 21 via a communication pipe, the discharge port 22c is connected to the suction side 18a of the refrigerator 18, and the drain port 22d is electromagnetically opened / closed to a drain pipe 22f for discharging cold water. They are connected via a valve 22e. A pair of electric resistance sensors 32a and 32b are provided vertically spaced apart from each other on the inner surface of the tank 22a above the discharge port 22c. This electric resistance sensor 32a,
32b detects the boundary position between the cold water W and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa by utilizing the difference in electric resistance between them, and this detection signal is transmitted to the air conditioning control device 28 via a cable.

The air conditioning control device 28 uses the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 based on the detection signals of the electric resistance sensors 32a and 32b.
By opening and closing e, the cold water W in the tank 22a and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa
It has the function of controlling the discharge amount of cold water so that and are separated at the reference boundary surface.

That is, the tank 2 of the water / liquid separation device 22.
When water is separated from the heat storage refrigerant liquid and accumulated in 2a, the boundary position between the two is changed to the electric resistance sensors 32a, 32.
b, and the detection signal is detected by the air conditioning controller 2
8 is sent. Based on this detection signal, the air conditioning control device 28 opens the electromagnetic on-off valve 22e to open the tank 2
The water in the tank 22a is discharged through the discharge pipe 22f by the pressure of the heat storage refrigerant liquid newly flowing into 2a. As a result, the boundary surface between the cold water W and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa rises, and when the reference boundary surface is detected by the electric resistance sensors 32a and 32b, the detection signal is sent to the air conditioning controller 28. Then, the air conditioning control device 28 closes the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22e and automatically controls the water level to be the reference boundary surface.

Next, the operation of the latent heat storage device according to the first embodiment constructed as described above will be described. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when the pump 21 is driven mainly by using cheap electric power at night, the heat storage refrigerant liquid (Fluorinert) which is the second liquid stored in the pool 10 a at the bottom of the ice storage water tank 10 is used. ) Wa is pumped through the supply pipe 19 and supplied to the water-liquid separator 22. The water-liquid separator 22 separates the cold water W, which is the first liquid slightly mixed with the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa, and the cold water W passes through the discharge pipe 22f as described in the configuration of FIG. The high-purity heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is sent to the refrigerator 18 while being returned to 10. In this refrigerator 18, after the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa supplied from the water liquid separation device 22 is cooled to a temperature lower than the freezing point (0 ° C.) of water, it is simultaneously or temporally shifted to a plurality of units of the ice heat storage water tank 10. The water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 24 into the cold water W in each unit through the discharge pipe 23. Therefore, the cold water W is heat-exchanged with the cold heat contained in the cryogenic heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa jetted from the jet nozzle 24.

In this case, at the position of the injection nozzle 24 in the ice heat storage water tank 10, the height required to carry out sufficient heat exchange with the cold water W after the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is ejected, that is, the first liquid and the first liquid By keeping at least 0.5 m from the interface position of the second liquid, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa rises in temperature to almost the water temperature by the time it reaches the pool portion 10a at the bottom of the ice heat storage water tank 10, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa The heat exchange efficiency by Wa can be secured at 95% or more.

Although ice is stored in the ice heat storage water tank 10 above the position of the injection nozzle 24, the installation positions of the injection nozzles 24 are not unnecessarily set high in the ice heat storage water tank 10. In addition, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of ice to be filled in the water tank, and it is possible to stably produce ice in a sherbet state with good deicing property.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the water-liquid separation device 2
The second tank 22a is provided with an inflow port 22b and an outflow port 22c at a position higher than the inflow port 22b, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa flows into the tank 22a from the inflow port 22b through the supply pipe 19 from the reservoir 10a of the ice heat storage water tank 10. Then, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa forms an eddy current inside the tank 22 and forms an outlet 2
Since it is configured to flow out from 2c, cold water W having a small specific gravity is first collected in the center of the vortex by the centrifugal action, and then
It rises to the top due to buoyancy, and the outlet 22c
More outflow to the refrigerator 18. Therefore, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa and the water W are automatically separated with high efficiency without requiring a special separation membrane or device.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is pumped up from the reservoir 10a of the ice heat storage water tank 10 through the supply pipe 19, in order to prevent a vortex from occurring in the suction portion, A vortex generation preventing portion 10b formed of a perforated plate is provided above the reservoir 10a, and the supply pipe 19
Since the guide 19a that defines the inflow direction of the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is provided at the tip of the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa, the heat storage refrigerant liquid W flowing into the supply pipe 19 is reduced while reducing the required depth of the reservoir 10a.
The amount of cold water W in a can be reduced significantly.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, sherbet-like ice having an excellent deicing property is stored in the ice heat storage water tank 10 to absorb the cooling load of the building or each room to raise the temperature. By spraying water from the upper part of the sherbet-shaped ice stored in the ice heat storage water tank 10, the ice is quickly melted and the ice immediately floats from below, so that the cold water can be rapidly produced.

As described above, according to the first embodiment,
High efficiency, stable operability, high controllability, which are indispensable conditions as an ice heat storage device in a large-scale district heat supply plant.
It can meet simplicity, high-speed deicing, direct water intake, etc.

That is, in a large-scale district heat plant which is installed underground in the center of the city and is composed of a large capacity heat pump, a heat storage water tank, a water supply pipe pump, a flow control valve, a calorimeter, etc. By modifying the water tank, the heat storage capacity can be increased several times as much as before without deteriorating the usability of the plant. Further, in the new plant, it is possible to exert comprehensive effects such as reducing the required area of the plant.

As described above, the ice making efficiency is improved by about 20 to 40% as compared with the conventional ice heat storage device, the deicing rate is sufficiently high, and direct water intake from the heat storage water tank and direct recirculation are possible. Improved, good controllability, and additional ice making is possible. In addition, cold water can be produced in the middle of spring and autumn, the same efficiency as before can be secured, and the equipment configuration is extremely simple and maintainability is excellent.

Further, as an ice heat storage system for each building, it is possible to add to the conventional water circulation system, and in this case not only additional ice making becomes possible, but also special control is not required at all and maintenance inspection is required. It is possible to obtain effects such as ease. Next, a second embodiment of the latent heat storage device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of an ice heat storage device installed on the roof of a building. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 50 denotes an ice heat storage water tank which is installed on the roof of the building and stores therein the cold water W as the first liquid and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa having a large specific gravity as the second liquid. The water tank bottom portion is formed in an elongated shape in the height direction, the water tank bottom portion is formed into an inclined surface, and a pool portion 50a for the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is provided on the inclined lower end portion side. A vortex generation preventing portion 50b formed of a pair of perforated plates for preventing vortices generated by the inflow of the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is attached to the reservoir portion 50a in a stepwise manner in the vertical direction. Further, a plurality of water intake portions 51 are provided on the upper portion of the ice heat storage water tank 50, and a separator 51a made of a wire net that separates ice and water to extract only water is provided on the opening surface of the water intake portion 51 inside the water tank. Has been. The water intake portion 51 may be formed in an annular shape on the circumferential surface of the water tank.

One end of a pipe 53, which is vertically arranged outside the water tank, is connected to the outlet of the water intake unit 51.
A pump 55 is connected to the other end side of 3 through a control valve 54, and a water discharge provided above the boundary surface between the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa and the cooling water in the vicinity of the bottom of the water tank in the pump 55. The device 56 is connected via a pipe that penetrates the bottom of the water tank in a watertight manner.

Reference numeral 57 is a water-liquid separator connected to a supply pipe 58 communicating with the reservoir 50a via a pump 59. The water-liquid separator 57 collects the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa from the reservoir 50a. After being pressurized by the pump 59, water is removed from the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa and supplied to the refrigerator 60. In this case, the water separated by the water-liquid separator 57 is returned to the water tank via the control valve 61.

The refrigerator 60 is installed at the same level as the ice heat storage water tank 50 and cools the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa from which water has been removed by the water-liquid separator 57. A discharge pipe 62, which is arranged so as to penetrate the portion in a watertight manner, is connected. The discharge pipe 62 is provided with a flow meter 63, a flow control valve 64 and a check valve 65 in order,
A nozzle 66 is connected to the end of the discharge pipe 62 inside the water tank. In this case, the nozzle 66 has one or more outlets, and the bottom surface of the lower portion of the heat storage water tank or the water and the heat storage portion where the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa which flows out from the outlets and drops in the water reaches It is provided at least 0.5 m or more from the interface position of the refrigerant liquid and above the water blowing device 56. Further, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa blown from the side surface of the heat storage water tank has a direction or an outflow speed in which it does not reach the water blowing device 56.

Therefore, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa cooled in the refrigerator 60 is jetted from the injection nozzle 66 into the cold water in the ice heat storage water tank 50 through the flow meter 63, the flow control valve 64 and the check valve 65. Will be.

Here, the check valve 65 is arranged so that when the refrigerator 60 stops the liquid transfer pump 59 for the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa due to some reason, the check valve 65 causes the injection heat storage tank 5 to discharge the ice heat storage water tank 5 from the injection nozzle 66.
It is provided for the purpose of eliminating the problem that the inside of the circulation system is solidified when the cold water W in 0 flows back into the circulation system of the low temperature heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa.

On the other hand, 67 is a cold water supply pipe which is provided by penetrating the upper surface of the ice heat storage water tank 50 and hung down in the water tank.
At the insertion end of the cold water supply pipe 67 in the water tank, a water intake pump 68
Is attached, and the outer end of the cold water supply pipe 67 is connected to the separator 69. This separating device 69 utilizes a density difference separating action by centrifugal force similarly to the water-liquid separating device 57, and when the cold water in the water tank sucked up by the water intake pump 68 flows in through the cold water supply pipe 67,
The heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa contained in the cold water is removed and supplied to the air conditioning load 70 through the water supply pipe 71. In this case, the water supply pipe 71 is provided with a calorimeter 72 for measuring the amount of heat consumed by the air conditioning load 70. The air conditioning load 70 is not necessarily limited to one system, and a plurality of systems are often installed independently.

In the upper space of the ice heat storage water tank 50, a water sprinkler device 74 is provided via a reflux pipe 73 for returning the cold water, which has been heat-exchanged by the air conditioning load 70, into the water tank. Is equipped with multiple cold water outlets.

Further, a water supply pipe 71 connecting the separating device 69 and the air conditioning load 70 is branched in the middle, and a pipe 75 for bypassing the branching portion and the return pipe 73 is connected. A control valve 76 and a pump 77 are provided respectively. The pipe 75, the flow rate control valve 76, and the pump 77 form a water temperature adjusting line.

On the other hand, reference numeral 78 is an air-conditioning control device, which controls the temperature of each part of the pumps, control valves, separators, and refrigerators described above and the position of the interface between the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa and water. Based on this, it monitors and controls the air conditioning in the high-rise building and the operation management of each equipment in the heat supply plant. Further, in this embodiment, the air conditioning control device 78 controls the opening / closing of the control valve 54 to switch the water intake part 51 at regular intervals so that ice is evenly stored in the water tank. It is also possible to automatically replenish the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa from a replenishing device or the like not provided.

Next, the operation of the ice heat storage device configured as described above will be described. Here, description of the same operation as that of the first embodiment will be omitted, and only the operation unique to the second embodiment will be described. . In the ice heat storage device having the configuration shown in the second embodiment, since the ice heat storage water tank 50 is elongated in the height direction, it is effective when the height limit is not severe on the roof of a building, The volume of the ice making portion (the portion below the injection nozzle 66) inside the water tank can be made relatively smaller than that of the ice storage portion (the portion above the injection nozzle 66), and the ice filling rate can be improved.

Further, the flow control valve 54 is opened and the pump 5
5 is operated, the separator 5 is removed from the water intake 51 at the upper part of the water tank.
The water in the sherbet-shaped ice W1 portion taken through 1a is blown into the water tank by the water blowing device 56 at the lower portion of the water tank, and the water in the water tank forms an upward flow.

Therefore, the minute ice particles produced by heat exchange with the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa jetted from the jet nozzle 66 in the lower part of the water tank float to the upper part of the water tank by the flow of water blown out from the water blowing device 56. , Is integrated with the ice aggregate W1 formed in a sherbet shape.

The ice aggregate W1 grows in this way,
As the water sprinkled from the reflux pipe 74 passes through the inside of the ice aggregate W1, the ice gathering density is increased. This improves the ice filling rate and improves the space efficiency of the device.

On the other hand, when the cold water pumped up from the water intake pump 68 flows into the separation device 69 through the supply pipe 67, the separation device 69 slightly mixes into the cold water by the application of centrifugal force like the water-liquid separation device 57. Heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa
Is separated and collected, and cold water having high purity is supplied to the air conditioning load 70. As a result, it is possible to substantially prevent the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa from flowing out to the air conditioning load 70, so that stable operation for a long period of time becomes possible.

The water whose temperature has risen due to heat exchange by the air-conditioning load 70 is returned to the water sprinkler 74 provided at the upper portion of the ice heat storage water tank 50 through the reflux pipe 73, and the water gathers over a wide range with respect to the ice aggregate W1. Since the water is sprinkled in and the water is taken in by the water intake position of the water intake pump 68 almost at the same position as the installation position of the injection nozzle 66, the high deicing efficiency can be maintained.

Further, by operating the circulation pump 59, the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa is supplied to the refrigerator 60 through the water-liquid separator 56 from the reservoir 50a at the bottom of the water tank, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa cooled by the refrigerator 60 is injected. Even if the circulation pump 59 is stopped for some reason while being jetted from the nozzle 66, the check valve 65 provided in the discharge pipe 62 between the refrigerator 60 and the jet nozzle 66 acts to prevent the water tank. The cold water inside does not flow into the circulation system, and it is possible to prevent freezing inside the circulation system.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the first
Similar to the above example, the device can be operated with high efficiency and safety, the controllability is good, the structure is simple, the maintenance is easy, and the deicing property is excellent. It can be a device. In particular, the device of this embodiment is effective for use on a rooftop of a building or in a place where height restrictions are not severe, such as outdoors, and is effective in reducing the installation area.

Next, in the second embodiment, the refrigerator 6
Measures for preventing freezing of the portion where the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa cooled by 0 is jetted from the jet nozzle 66 through the discharge pipe 62 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

As described above, when the second liquid (heat storage refrigerant liquid) cooled to a temperature lower than the freezing point of the first liquid (cold water) is caused to flow into the cold water, the temperature at the outflow end of the outflow nozzle is If nothing is done, the temperature of the heat storage refrigerant liquid is reached, and adjacent cold water naturally solidifies in this portion.

As a result, ice of the cold water starts to grow in a tubular shape along the flow path of the heat storage refrigerant liquid with the cold water as the nucleus. If this state is maintained, there is no problem, but if the minute particles of ice that are formed in the aquarium and float and their cotton-like combination adhere to the tubular ice during the suspension, they grow further.

As a result, a large lump of ice is formed around the nozzle portion, and the low temperature heat storage refrigerant liquid oozes out inside the lump. This ice has a low temperature and becomes hard,
Although it can be stored as cold heat, the ice making efficiency is deteriorated and the deicing property cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is extremely important to prevent the freezing of the cold water at the nozzle portion, and it is necessary to prevent sticking due to the freezing of the actual cold water in any case.

FIG. 6 shows an injection nozzle with a convection prevention plate 2
The structure of a double-blowing nozzle is shown, and the schematic structure of the supply path of the heat storage refrigerant liquid to this double-blowing nozzle is shown. As shown in FIG. 6, as a supply system of the heat storage refrigerant liquid Wa recovered from the reservoir 50a at the bottom of the water tank, a line 58a heading to a refrigerator (not shown) after pressurizing the heat storage refrigerant liquid by a pump 59 and a water tank. It is composed of two shunt lines of a line 58b directed to. Further, the injection nozzle 66 is a central nozzle 66 for letting out the cooled heat storage refrigerant liquid from the refrigerator.
outer peripheral nozzle 66b and outer peripheral nozzle 66 for letting out the heat storage refrigerant liquid having a relatively high temperature, which is divided into a and the water tank line
It is constituted by a convection prevention plate 66c which is provided integrally with b to be flush with the outflow nozzle of each heat storage refrigerant liquid. In this case, a plurality of injection nozzles 66 are installed in the water tank,
The heat storage refrigerant liquid supply headers 66d and 66e to each nozzle may be one for each nozzle group. Further, the line for supplying the heat storage refrigerant liquid having a temperature lower than that of the refrigerator and the nozzle portion are insulated.

Therefore, by providing such freezing prevention means to the injection nozzle 66, the heat storage refrigerant liquid having a relatively high temperature flows out to the nozzle portion so as to surround the low temperature heat storage refrigerant liquid, and the low temperature at the tip of the nozzle is maintained. Since the portion does not come into contact with cold water, it is possible to prevent the nozzle portion from freezing due to the attachment of cold water.

FIG. 7 shows, as means for preventing the injection nozzle from freezing,
It shows a structure incorporating an electric heater 66h. 7 is the same as FIG. 6 in that the convection prevention plate 66c is provided so as to be flush with the outflow nozzle of the heat storage refrigerant liquid, but an electric heater 66h is provided on the water tank surface side of the nozzle tip.
A cable 66i is connected to the electric heater 66h so that it can be energized by an external power source (not shown). In this case, the electric heater 66h and the cable 66i
Is used underwater, so it is waterproof.
The cable 66i is mainly installed inside the heat insulating material 66f of the piping line and led out to the outside.

By providing such an anti-freezing means to electrically energize the electric heater 66h to electrically heat the nozzle tip portion, the temperature of this portion can always be kept higher than the freezing point of the cold water, so that the condensation of the cold water is prevented. Occurrence can be prevented. In this case, electric heating may be carried out constantly or periodically, but strong heating causes ice-making loss, so
It is desirable to adjust the surface temperature of the electric heater 66h to be several degrees (° C.) higher than the freezing temperature of cold water.

FIG. 8 shows an injection nozzle freeze prevention means.
It shows a structure provided with a mechanism for mechanically scraping off the tip surface of the nozzle. As shown in FIG. 8, basically, a freezing preventive wiper mechanism 66j similar to a mechanism for wiping a windshield of an automobile is provided on a convection preventive plate 66c in front of the injection nozzle 66.

With the spray nozzle provided with such anti-freezing means, by constantly operating the wiper mechanism 66j, cold water is condensed in the nozzle portion, and this ice can be mechanically scraped off before it grows. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the ice from sticking due to the coagulation of cold water. This wiper mechanism is particularly effective when electric heating is not performed. If the wiper mechanism 66j is used in combination with the configuration shown in FIG. 6 or 7, a greater effect can be exhibited.

Thus, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, by providing a structure capable of fluidly, electrically, and mechanically preventing freezing of the injection nozzle by cold water, highly efficient and stable sherbet-like ice can be obtained. It is possible to generate continuously.

Besides, the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown in the above-described first and second embodiments, and a part of the configuration may be replaced with another one, or another one. The present invention can be implemented with various modifications such as the addition of the configuration to improve the function. Here, an example thereof will be described below.

(1) In the first and second embodiments,
The second liquid is a fluorine-based inert liquid containing no hydrogen and chlorine, having a specific gravity of 1.7 or more at 0 ° C. and a freezing point of −30.
You may use the thing which has the characteristic of boiling point or less and boiling point of 75 degreeC or more.

(2) In the first and second embodiments,
As the second liquid, use is made of a fluorine-based inert liquid containing no hydrogen and chlorine, which has a specific gravity of 1.7 or more at 0 ° C., a freezing point of −30 ° C. or less, and a boiling point of 75 ° C. or more. A magnetic field generator may be provided in the vicinity of the ejection nozzle to promote the separation of the magnetic fluid and water.

(3) In the first and second embodiments,
You may make it provide the circulation system only for the 1st liquid which measures the temperature of the water in an ice heat storage water tank, and transmits, cools, and collects water from an ice heat storage water tank to a refrigerator based on the measured temperature.

(4) In the first embodiment, the supply / recovery system for supplying the heat storage refrigerant liquid cooled in the refrigerator to the plurality of ice heat storage water tanks is mainly constituted by the pipe, the pump and the switching control valve. The supply / recovery system may be controlled by the air conditioning control device to supply and recover the heat storage refrigerant liquid to a plurality of ice heat storage water tanks simultaneously or at different times. Further, in this case, the supply / recovery system may be switched automatically by a signal from a measuring instrument that measures the amount of ice stored in or stored in each ice heat storage water tank or the temperature of water.

(5) In the first and second embodiments,
An ice accumulating mechanism is provided inside the ice heat storage water tank, and the mixture of water and ice having a relatively high ice filling rate accumulated by the ice accumulating mechanism is transferred to a transport system including pipes and pumps. The two-phase flow may be carried to an arbitrary destination. With this configuration, ice and water can be transported in a two-phase flow state to a storage water tank or a cooling load at a remote location or at a high position.

[0089]

As described above, according to the present invention, for example, in an ice heat storage device that freezes ice and stores cold heat by its latent heat, the specific gravity is larger than that of the first liquid, and the freezing point is higher than that of the first liquid. A liquid with low characteristics is used as a heat storage refrigerant liquid, and it is cooled to below freezing point by a refrigerator, and this is secured at a certain minimum distance (0.5 m) or more, and sufficient anti-freezing measures are taken to ensure that the ice storage water tank The heat storage refrigerant liquid is pumped out from the multiple nozzles into the water, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid is pumped from the recovery unit provided in the lower part of the ice heat storage water tank so that the heat storage refrigerant liquid can be efficiently recovered and cooled by the refrigerator again. By continuously circulating in the heat storage water tank to cool the water to produce sherbet-like ice, the ice-making efficiency is improved, and the heat storage refrigerant liquid can be separated and collected easily, and moreover, from the water tank. Direct water intake Not Rubakari, it is possible to provide an excellent latent heat storage device in a high speed de-ice properties.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[1] The ice heat storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention high-rise
Sectional drawing which shows the case where it installs in the district heat supply plant in the basement of a building .

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a main part of the latent heat storage device of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the central portion of the bottom of the heat storage water tank shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the heat storage refrigerant liquid separation and recovery device for centrifugal force application shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part when the ice heat storage device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed on the rooftop of a building.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a first configuration example of an outflow nozzle portion of a heat storage refrigerant liquid used in the ice heat storage device of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a second configuration example of the outflow nozzle portion for the heat storage refrigerant liquid.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a third configuration example of an outflow nozzle portion for the heat storage refrigerant liquid.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a first configuration example of a conventional direct contact type ice heat storage device using a main non-water-soluble antifreeze liquid.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of the conventional ice heat storage device.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of a conventional ice heat storage device.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a fourth configuration example of the conventional ice heat storage device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a fifth configuration example of a conventional ice heat storage device.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a sixth configuration example of a conventional ice heat storage device.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a seventh configuration example of a conventional ice heat storage device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10,50 ... Ice heat storage water tank, 18,60 ... Refrigerator, 1
9,57 ... Supply pipe, 21,59 ... Pumping pump, 2
2, 57 ... Water-liquid separator, 23, 62 ... Discharge pipe, 2
4, 66 ... Injection nozzle, 28, 78 ... Air conditioning control device, 29, 67 ... Cold water pumping pipe, 69 ... Separation device, 51 ... Cold water intake part, 51a ... Ice separator, 56 ...
… Water ejector, 65 …… Check valve.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Katsuya Yamashita 2-4 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Toshiba Keihin Office (72) Inventor Takeshi Noma 2-Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa No. 4 in Toshiba Keihin Office (56) References JP-A-48-47158 (JP, A) JP-A-64-57068 (JP, A) JP-A-3-70928 (JP, A) 52-112147 (JP, U)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat storage device that uses latent heat during solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, which has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is insoluble and does not mix or combine with the first liquid. The second liquid, which has a larger specific gravity than
Freezing means for cooling to below the freezing point of the liquid, outflow means for ejecting the second liquid cooled by the freezing means into the first liquid in the heat storage tank, and outflow into the heat storage tank by this outflow means. And a means for collecting the second liquid,
In the latent heat storage device in which the first liquid is cooled and solidified by heat exchange with the second liquid flowing out into the heat storage tank, and the latent heat at the time of solidification is stored, the recovery means is a bottom portion of the heat storage tank. In addition to providing one or more recovery parts on the bottom surface, the bottom surface shape of the recovery part can be the first when collecting the second liquid.
A latent heat storage device, characterized in that it is provided with a vortex generation preventing means for preventing the suction of the liquid. 2. A heat storage device that uses latent heat at the time of solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, which has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is insoluble and does not mix or combine with the first liquid. The second liquid, which has a larger specific gravity than
Freezing means for cooling to below the freezing point of the liquid, outflow means for ejecting the second liquid cooled by the freezing means into the first liquid in the heat storage tank, and outflow into the heat storage tank by this outflow means. And a means for collecting the second liquid,
In a latent heat storage device in which the first liquid is cooled and solidified by heat exchange with the second liquid flowing into the heat storage tank, and latent heat during solidification is stored, the latent heat storage apparatus floats above the heat storage tank and stays there. A suction unit for sucking only the first liquid at a position corresponding to the solidified product of the first liquid, and a separation means for separating the solidified product of the first liquid is provided in the suction unit,
A circulation means is provided for supplying the first liquid sucked by the suction part through the separating means into the heat storage tank below the installation position of the outlet of the second liquid with the outlet upward. Latent heat storage device. 3. A heat storage device that uses latent heat at the time of solidification of a liquid as a heat storage medium for air conditioning, which has a lower freezing point than the first liquid in the heat storage tank and is insoluble and does not mix or combine with each other. The second liquid, which has a larger specific gravity than
Freezing means for cooling to below the freezing point of the liquid, outflow means for ejecting the second liquid cooled by the freezing means into the first liquid in the heat storage tank, and outflow into the heat storage tank by this outflow means. And a means for collecting the second liquid,
In the latent heat storage device in which the first liquid is cooled and solidified by heat exchange with the second liquid flowing out into the heat storage tank, and the latent heat during solidification is stored, the outflow means is recovered by the recovery means. A central nozzle that causes the second liquid that has been cooled by the freezing means to flow out the second liquid and a second liquid that has a higher temperature than the second liquid that flows out of the central nozzle and that has been recovered by the recovery means. A latent heat storage device comprising: an outer peripheral nozzle to be discharged, and a convection prevention plate provided integrally with the outer peripheral nozzle so as to be flush with the outlets of the respective outflow nozzles.