JP2684864B2 - Ammonia processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ammonia processing facility for dipping a workpiece such as cloth into liquid ammonia and subsequently vaporizing the ammonia.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Natural fibers such as cotton, various synthetic fibers, and cloth of semi-synthetic fibers are dipped in liquid ammonia, and then subjected to ammonia processing so that ammonia is volatilized, and then subjected to other processing treatments. It has a unique silky appearance or feel.

The equipment for performing such ammonia processing includes a processing chamber in which a liquid ammonia storage tank is installed, and a volatilization chamber installed adjacent to the processing chamber. The cloth is continuously fed into the processing chamber in the form of a long sheet and immersed in the storage tank. Then, after leaving the storage tank, it is heated by the drum in the processing chamber, and most of the ammonia contained in the cloth is vaporized. After that, the cloth is sent to a volatilization chamber, and by applying steam and heating, the ammonia remaining on the cloth is volatilized. The deammonification-treated cloth is continuously sent out of the volatilization chamber to be a processed product.

[0004]

In the conventional ammonia processing equipment, when the pressure in the processing chamber exceeds the upper limit of the control range, ammonia is simply discharged outside the room, and the ammonia is wasted.

Further, in the conventional ammonia processing equipment, when the pressure in the processing chamber or the volatilization chamber becomes considerably lower than the atmospheric pressure, air may flow into the chamber and ammonia and air may be mixed and burned by this mixed gas. was there.

[0006]

In the ammonia processing equipment of the present invention, a processing chamber in which a liquid ammonia storage tank in which a workpiece is immersed is installed, and ammonia is supplied from the workpiece sent from the processing chamber. A volatilization chamber having a heating means for volatilizing, a pipe connected to the processing chamber, and a compressor and a condenser sequentially provided on the pipe from the upstream side,
The a liquefier for liquefying the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber, a first return pipe that communicates the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor, that the possible opening adjustment provided in the first return pipe first valve, the first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the working chamber, and processing chamber pressure regulating consisting controller for adjusting the opening of the first valve based on the detected pressure of said first pressure sensor Mechanism and the scrubber absorber
Ammonia gas in the volatilization chamber installed in the downstream piping
And the scrubber absorption side of the blower that feeds the absorber
A second return pipe communicating with the device, the second return pipe
A second valve provided on the turn pipe and having an adjustable opening,
A second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the volatilization chamber, and the second pressure sensor
The opening degree of the second valve based on the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor.
For adjusting the pressure of the volatilization chamber consisting of a second controller that adjusts
Mechanism, a return line for returning ammonia liquefied by the liquefaction device to a storage tank in the processing chamber, a scrubber absorption device for absorbing ammonia gas in the volatilization chamber, and an amount of ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber is allowable. First gas introduction means for introducing the ammonia gas into the scrubber absorber when the amount exceeds a limit, and a compressor of the liquefaction device
Ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber when the
Second gas introducing means to be introduced into the scrubber absorber,
The scrubber absorber is equipped with ammonia gas from the volatilization chamber , and is introduced by the first gas introduction means .
The ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber exceeding the allowable upper limit amount , and the ammonia gas introduced by the second gas introduction means.
Occurs in the processing chamber when the compressor of the liquefaction device stops abnormally
It is capable of absorbing any of the above ammonia gas .

[0007]

Function: A workpiece such as cloth is introduced into the processing chamber, immersed in the liquid ammonia in the storage tank, and then pulled up from the storage tank, where the workpiece is heated,
Ammonia is gasified from the work piece. Most of the processed products that have undergone deammonification treatment are sent to a volatilization chamber where they are further heated to remove the remaining ammonia and then sent out of the volatilization chamber to become processed products.

Ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber is turned into liquid ammonia in the liquefying device and returned to the storage tank again. Therefore, the amount of wasted ammonia is significantly reduced. Further, the pressure in the processing chamber can be controlled by controlling the valve opening of the return pipe to adjust the amount of ammonia gas introduced into the liquefaction device from the processing chamber.

The amount of ammonia gas generated in the volatilization chamber is
The amount is smaller than that in the processing chamber, and when steam injection is adopted as the heating means, water vapor is also mixed in, so that it is absorbed by the scrubber absorber. By adjusting the amount introduced into this scrubber absorber from the volatilization chamber,
The pressure inside the volatilization chamber can be controlled.

Further, when the amount of ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber rapidly increases and the liquefaction capacity of the liquefaction device cannot keep up with this, a part of the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber is introduced into the scrubber absorber. Absorbed
To prevent the emission of ammonia gas.

[0011]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an ammonia processing facility according to an example.

A processing chamber 14 and a volatilization chamber 16 are provided by partitioning a chamber 10 made of a corrosion resistant material such as stainless steel with a partition wall 12. Cloth 18 as a work piece
Is introduced into the processing chamber 14 through the inlet 20, guided by a guide roller (not shown), and immersed in the liquid ammonia in the storage tank 22. The cloth 18 pulled up from the storage tank 22 is sent while being attached to the drum 23 heated by steam, so that most of the ammonia attached to the cloth 18 is gasified. Then, it is further guided by a guide roller (not shown) and introduced into the volatilization chamber 16 through the transfer port 24. Steam at a high temperature (for example, 98 ° C.) is applied to the cloth 18 by the steamer 28 provided in the volatilization chamber 16, and the liquid ammonia remaining on the cloth 18 is gasified. The sufficiently deammonified cloth 18 is taken out from the take-out port 30 and becomes a processed product (having a peculiar silk-like appearance and touch when further processed). In addition, the inlet 2
0, the transfer port 24 and the outlet 30 are provided with appropriate sealing mechanisms (not shown) to prevent the outflow of ammonia gas and the inflow of the atmosphere.

Ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber 14 is
A compressor (a positive displacement compressor in this embodiment) 36 is compressed through the pipe 32 and the damper 34. A part of the gas discharged from the compressor 36 (for example, 10 to 20)
%) Is returned to the upstream side of the compressor 36 via the pipe 40 with the valve 38. The remainder of the gas discharged from the compressor 36 is sent from the pipe 42 to the condenser 44 and liquefied. The liquid ammonia is sent from the condenser 44 to the ammonia tank 46, and further returned to the storage tank 22 via the filter 48, the cooler 50 and the pipe 52. (In this embodiment, the tank 46, the filter 48, the cooler 50, and the pipe 52 constitute a return line.) The processing chamber 14 is provided with a pressure sensor 54.
The controller 56 adjusts the opening of the valve 38 so that the pressure detected by the sensor 54 becomes constant. Since the pressure adjusting mechanism is provided in this way, the pressure inside the processing chamber 14 is slightly lower than the atmospheric pressure (for example, -10 mmA).
q), so that the inflow of air into the processing chamber 14 and the leakage of ammonia gas from the processing chamber 14 to the atmosphere are prevented. The control of the pressure adjusting mechanism is performed as follows. For example, the feeding speed of the cloth 18 becomes faster,
Alternatively, when the width of the cloth 18 becomes wider and the amount of generated ammonia gas increases, and the pressure in the processing chamber 14 rises from, for example, −10 mmAq to −5 mmAq, the pressure sensor 54 detects this and opens the valve 38. The processing chamber 1 is configured to draw a portion corresponding to the increased amount of the gas from the processing chamber 14 into the pipe 32 and send it to the pipe 42 line for liquefaction.
The pressure in 4 is adjusted so that it is always kept at -10 mmAq. The opening of the damper 34 is adjusted by the manual controller 57.

The ammonia gas removed from the cloth 18 in the volatilization chamber 16 is sent to the scrubber 62 from the pipe 60 and absorbed. The gas component that is not absorbed is sent from the pipe 64 to the mist separator 66, and is separated into mist,
It is sent to the final scrubber 74 via a pipe 68, a blower (roots blower in this embodiment) 70, and a pipe 72. The discharged water of the scrubber 74 is sent to the wastewater treatment facility. In addition,
The discharged water (ammonia water) from the scrubber 62 and the mist separator 66 is also sent to the waste water treatment facility via the pipes 76 and 78.

A pipe 80 for gas return is provided between the pipe 72 and the scrubber 62 in order to control the amount of air blown by the roots blower 70, and a valve 82 is provided in the pipe 80. The volatilization chamber 16 is provided with a pressure sensor 84, and the controller 86 controls the opening degree of the valve 82 so that the pressure detected by the sensor 84 becomes a predetermined pressure. Thereby, the pressure in the volatilization chamber 16 is, for example, −5 m.
It is possible to prevent the ammonia gas from leaking from the volatilization chamber 16 to the atmosphere by setting the pressure to a very low pressure of about mAq.

The amount of ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber 14 suddenly increases, and the compressor 36 and the condenser 4
In the case where the increase in the liquefaction capacity of the liquefaction device of No. 4 cannot follow this, the inside of the processing chamber 14 and the pipe 60 can be connected by the pipe 91 with the shutoff valve 89. The shutoff valve 89 is normally fully closed, and the processing chamber 14 and the pipe 60 are not communicated at all.
As described above, when the feed rate of the cloth 18 is rapidly increased, the amount of ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber 14 is rapidly increased for some reason, and the liquefaction capacity cannot keep up with this (for example, the processing chamber). The pressure inside 14 is + 30mmAq
If it is above), the shutoff valve 89
Is released. As a result, an excessive amount of ammonia gas is absorbed by the scrubber 62, and the emission to the atmosphere is reliably prevented. Further, the pipe 32 and the pipe 60 can be communicated with each other by a pipe 90 having a shutoff damper 88. The damper 88 is normally fully closed, and when the compressor 36 abnormally stops due to some reason, the damper 88 is automatically opened and the scrubber 62 absorbs the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber 14. ing.

In this embodiment, a device 96 (in this embodiment, a gas cylinder and a pipe 94 with a valve 92) for replenishing the processing chamber 14 with nitrogen gas or ammonia gas is provided. When the pressure in the processing chamber 14 suddenly drops (for example, becomes -20 mmAq or less), the valve 92 is opened, and gas is replenished in the processing chamber 14 by the replenishing device 96 to reduce the pressure in the processing chamber 14. Let it recover,
Reliably prevent the inflow of air.

The above embodiment is for processing a cloth,
The present invention can be used for processing other than cloth.

[0019]

As described above, according to the ammonia processing equipment of the present invention, pressure fluctuations in the processing chamber and the volatilization chamber are suppressed,
It is possible to reliably prevent the outflow of ammonia gas and the inflow of the atmosphere. Further, in the ammonia processing equipment of the present invention, ammonia cost can be reduced by recovering and reusing ammonia.

Further, in the ammonia processing equipment of the present invention, even if the ammonia gas pressure in the processing chamber suddenly increases, the excess is absorbed and the liquefaction unit co-operation is performed.
Ammonies generated in the processing room even when the compressor
By absorbing the agas as well, the leakage of the ammonia gas at the time of the abnormality can be surely prevented. In particular, in the present invention, the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber is controlled by the processing chamber pressure adjusting mechanism to control the pressure inside the processing chamber by adjusting the amount of ammonia gas introduced into the liquefying device such as a condenser, and to ensure that the ammonia gas is discharged outside While preventing the outflow of gas and the inflow of atmosphere, ammonia can be recovered from the processing chamber by the liquefaction device, and the ammonia cost can be reduced. Also, since the ammonia gas in the volatilization chamber is absorbed by the scrubber absorber,
Since the ammonia gas in the volatilization chamber is very easily dissolved in a solvent such as water, the gas is reliably absorbed and leakage to the outside of the volatilization chamber can be reliably prevented. And of this volatilization chamber
When absorbing ammonia gas, the volatilization chamber pressure control mechanism
The pressure in the volatilization chamber is adjusted to the desired pressure and the ammonia in the volatilization chamber is adjusted.
Ensure the outflow of agus and the inflow of air into the volatilization chamber
Can be prevented. In addition, the scrubber absorption device has a function of absorbing excess ammonia gas when the amount of ammonia gas in the processing chamber suddenly increases, that is, when the so-called processing chamber is abnormal .
Occurs in the processing chamber when the compressor of the liquefaction device stops abnormally
It has the function of absorbing the ammonia gas .
Therefore, without separately installing a processing device such as a device for absorbing excess ammonia gas at the time of the abnormality, it is possible to reliably prevent external leakage of the excess gas at the time of abnormality and reliably perform the ammonia absorption.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an ammonia processing facility according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 14 Processing room 16 Volatilization room 18 Cloth 22 Storage tank 36 Compressor 44 Condenser 46 Ammonia tank 62 Scrubber 66 Mist separator 88,89 Shut-off valve

Continuation of front page (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 58-53108 (JP, B2) Chemical Plant Construction Handbook (Revised 2nd edition Akira Zen Tamaki, Masakazu Tamaki edited on October 20, 1983)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processing chamber in which a liquid ammonia storage tank in which a workpiece is dipped is installed, and a volatilization chamber equipped with heating means for volatilizing ammonia from the workpiece sent from the processing chamber, A pipe connected to the processing chamber, a compressor and a condenser sequentially provided from the upstream side to the pipe, and a liquefaction device for liquefying the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber and a discharge side and a suction side of the compressor are connected. Doing 1st
The return pipe, said first opening adjustable first provided to the return pipe of the valve, for detecting the pressure of the working chamber
First pressure sensor, and a processing chamber pressure regulating mechanism consisting of controller for adjusting the opening of the first valve based on the detected pressure of said first pressure sensor, provided in the downstream pipe of the scrubber absorber Anne of volatilization chamber
Blower discharge that sends monia gas to the scrubber absorber
A second rita communicating between the outlet side and the scrubber absorber
Opening adjustment provided on the return pipe and the second return pipe
Possible second valve, second to detect pressure in the volatilization chamber
Based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor
And a second controller for adjusting the opening of the second valve.
A mechanism for adjusting the pressure of the volatilization chamber, a return line for returning the ammonia liquefied by the liquefaction device to the storage tank in the processing chamber, a scrubber absorption device for absorbing the ammonia gas in the volatilization chamber, and the generation inside the processing chamber The first gas introducing means for introducing the ammonia gas into the scrubber absorber when the amount of ammonia gas to be stored exceeds the allowable upper limit, and in the processing chamber when the compressor of the liquefaction device is abnormally stopped.
Introduce the generated ammonia gas into the scrubber absorber
And a second gas introducing means for controlling the scrubber absorption device, wherein the scrubber absorber has an allowable upper limit in the processing chamber guided by the ammonia gas from the volatilization chamber and the first gas introducing means .
Ammonia gas generated in excess of the amount , and the second gas
Of the compressor of the liquefaction device guided by the introducing means
None of the ammonia gas generated in the processing chamber during an abnormal stop
Ammonia processing equipment that can absorb all of this.