JP2697066B2 - Biological deodorizer - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a biological deodorizing device, and more particularly to a biological deodorizing device for biologically deodorizing a bad odor generated from a human waste treatment plant, a sewage treatment plant, and various factories. In particular, in a biological deodorizing apparatus for sulfur-based malodorous substances, it is possible to perform stable and efficient deodorization by treating each sulfur-type malodorous substance stepwise based on the properties of the microorganisms that perform the deodorization. A possible biological deodorizing device.

[Prior Art and Prior Art] As an odor component of odor gas such as night soil and sewage, there is a sulfur odorant. Hydrogen sulfide (hereinafter referred to as “H ₂ S”), methyl mercaptan (hereinafter referred to as “MM”), and methyl sulfide (hereinafter “DMS”)
It is written. ) And the like, and attempts have been made to remove these sulfur odorants by biological deodorization.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a biological deodorizing apparatus for deodorizing odorous gas from human waste, sewage, and other wastewater uses returned sludge as a microorganism source for deodorizing.

For this reason, its microbial composition is not always the optimal composition for biological deodorization, and it requires long-term (40 days or more) acclimation until it becomes a microbial composition capable of performing stable deodorization. was there.

As a technique for solving the conventional problems described above, efficiently decomposing and removing sulfur-based odorous substances in odorous gas, and deodorizing treatment in a short contact time, the present inventors have proposed dimethyl sulfoxide (hereinafter referred to as [DMSO] (Japanese Patent Application No. 63-5538, hereinafter referred to as "prior application I").

Further, based on the technology of the prior application I, a biological deodorizing apparatus for removing malodor by ventilating a deodorizing material-filled layer, wherein the deodorizing material-filled layer contains sulfur-based odorant-degrading bacteria cultured in DMSO. A patent application has been filed for a biological deodorizing apparatus having two or more layers of supporting deodorizing materials in series (Japanese Patent Application No. 63-71642, hereinafter referred to as "prior application II").

According to the above-mentioned prior applications I and II, the amount of deodorizing microorganisms in the apparatus is increased by the addition of a sulfur-based malodorous substance-decomposing bacterium and the growth substrate thereof, that is, DMSO, thereby shortening the acclimatization period and stabilizing the deodorization. Can be achieved.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the deodorizing bacteria and the growth substrate used in the prior application I and the prior application II are expensive, the deodorizing effect rate and the deodorizing stability are further improved by further improving the deodorizing effect rate and the deodorizing stability. It is desirable to minimize the amount used.

An object of the present invention is to provide a biological deodorizing apparatus capable of stably and efficiently treating malodorous gas containing a sulfur-based odorous substance at low cost.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The biological deodorization apparatus of the present invention is provided with a processing tower provided with an odor gas supply pipe at the bottom, and a plurality of three or more stages separated vertically in the processing tower. A filling layer that carries microorganisms that decompose malodorous components and that is to be treated, and a malodorous gas to be treated flows in an upward flow, a sprinkler pipe that sprays washing water onto each filling tank, and a top and bottom filling A partition plate provided between the layers and above the sprinkling pipe for the lower packed bed, which allows the flow of the offensive odor gas but blocks the flow of water from above to below, and the water collected on the partition plate A biological deodorizing device comprising a drain pipe for discharging the outside of the tower, wherein the packed bed is a hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) decomposition layer, a methyl mercaptan ( (MM) decomposition layer and methyl sulfide (DMS) decomposition layer are formed.

In the present invention, among the H ₂ S decomposition layer, the MM decomposition layer, and the DMS decomposition layer formed in the treatment tower, the H ₂ S decomposition layer includes:
It is preferable to use one that supports activated sludge. It is preferable to use an MM decomposition layer that supports the activated sludge and / or the DMSO culture according to the load. Further, it is preferable that the DMS decomposition layer supports DMSO culture bacteria. The packed bed supporting the activated sludge only needs to be sprinkled and washed occasionally, and there is no particular need to adjust the pH. However, the packed bed supporting the DMSO culture is preferably maintained at a neutral pH.

As a method for supporting activated sludge or DMSO culture bacteria in the packed bed in the treatment tower, it is preferable to fix the carrier on a carrier such as peat in advance and fill the tower.However, after the carrier is filled, activated sludge or DMSO culture is applied to each layer. Bacteria may be sprayed.

It goes without saying that the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention can be applied not only to a solid bed type using such a carrier such as peat but also to a fluidized bed type.

[Action] When H ₂ S, MM, and DMS are mixed in the odorous gas, H ₂ S, M
It is easily decomposed in the order of M and DMS, and the presence of easily decomposable gas such as H ₂ S inhibits the decomposition of other odorous substances.

Therefore, in order to stably treat such malodorous gas by the biological deodorizing device, it is necessary to form a system for decomposing each malodorous substance in a stepwise manner. However, in the conventional method, this system is formed. By the time, it took a long time, and this led to prolonged habituation.

On the other hand, in the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, a packed layer carrying microorganisms that decompose malodorous components is provided in three or more stages, and an H ₂ S decomposition layer is provided in order from the upstream of the supplied malodorous gas. Since the MM decomposition layer and the DMS decomposition layer are formed independently of each other, stable processing can be performed in each layer from the beginning of operation.

In addition, in each packed bed, it is possible to perform optimal operation management for load adjustment, increase of the amount of bacteria, etc. so that the malodor components can be completely decomposed individually for each malodor component. It is possible to take appropriate measures for

Furthermore, by selecting activated sludge or DMSO culture bacteria as the microorganisms used in the packed bed according to the malodorous component to be treated in each packed bed, it is possible to reduce the amount of DMSO culture used and reduce the processing cost. Can also.

By the way, in general, when the packed layer is provided in multiple stages, the lower packed layer receives not only the washing water sprayed on itself, but also the washing water sprayed on the upper packed layer and flowing down from the layer, There is a problem that the consolidation progresses as compared with the upper packed bed and the pressure loss increases.

However, according to the configuration of the present invention, for each packed bed, a partition plate that allows the flow of the odorous gas but blocks the water flow from top to bottom, and a drain pipe that discharges the water accumulated on the partition plate to the outside of the tower By arranging at a predetermined position, the above-described compaction of the packed bed on the lower side and an increase in pressure loss are eliminated.

Example An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing one embodiment of the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, and longitudinal sectional views showing details thereof, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. is there.

The biological deodorizing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a processing tower 3 having an air odor gas supply pipe 1 at the bottom and a processing gas discharge pipe 2 at the top.
In the inside, packing layers 4, 5, and 6 are provided in three stages separated in the up-down direction, and the H ₂ S decomposition layer 4, the MM decomposition layer 5, and D
The MS5 decomposition layer 6 is set.

That is, grids (lattices) 7a, 7b, 7c are shelved in the tower 3, on which ventilation and water-permeable supporting members 8a, 8b, 8c such as perforated plates and net-like sheets are placed. Filled layers 4, 5, 6 are supported by peat on top. Among these packed layers 4, 5, and 6, the packed bed (H ₂ S decomposition layer) 4 contains activated sludge, the packed bed (MM decomposition layer) 5 contains activated sludge or DMSO culture, and the packed bed (DMS decomposition). The layer (6) carries DMSO culture bacteria.

The packed layers 4, 5, and 6 have mesh members 11a, 11b, 11 respectively.
c is the vertical direction, each lower end of the supporting member 8a, 8b, 8
It is inserted in c. The mesh members 11a, 11
Each of b and 11c may be a plate-like member or a cylindrical member such as a cylindrical or polygonal tube. Examples of the cylindrical shape include, for example, "Netron Tube TSX-244" (trade name) manufactured by Japan Netron Co., Ltd. (the thickness of the synthetic resin constituting the diamond-shaped mesh; about 2.5 m
m, length of one side of mesh opening of rhombus; about 5 mm, diameter; 330
mm cylindrical shape) can be used.

This embodiment is an example in which four tubes are uniformly inserted at the same height into each of the packed layers 4, 5, and 6 having a square cross-sectional shape of 1000 mm on a side and a height or layer thickness of 1500 mm. Each tube is also filled with peat of long fibers.

Each portion of the packed layers 4, 5, 6 separated by such mesh-like support members 11a, 11b, 11c is a support member 11a, 11
b, 11c, and the contact members 11a, 1c
Since it is held against 1b, 11c, even if the washing water is absorbed and its own weight is increased, it is prevented that the lower part of the packed bed is weighted,
As a result, the progress of consolidation is further slowed down, and the degree of increase in pressure loss can be reduced.

Note that, in the present invention, in order to effectively exhibit the above-described effects, the adjacent distance between the support members in one filling layer is preferably
Preferably it is 500 mm or less.

Reference numerals 10a, 10b, and 10c denote water spray pipes provided with spray nozzles for spraying wash water on each of the packed layers 4, 5, and 6 in a uniform arrangement, and water is supplied from the water spray main pipe 10 by a pump P.

In the device of the present invention, the partition plate between which the gas flow is directed upward, but the cleaning water is not allowed to flow, between the upper and lower packed beds, and on the sprinkler pipe for spraying the washing water on the lower packed bed. In addition to the provision of 12a and 12b, drain pipes 13a and 13b for discharging water collected on the partition plates 12a and 12b to the outside of the tower are provided.

The configuration of the partition plates 12a and 12b and the discharge pipes 13a and 13b will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the partition plate 12a makes the odorous gas upward, but the partition plate 12a prevents the washing water from flowing down.
Holes 14 are opened in a uniform arrangement in 12a, a blind cylinder 15 having a closed upper end is erected on the edge of each hole, and a window hole 16 is formed on the upper side surface of the blind cylinder.
Is formed. The discharge pipe 13a is connected to an opening 3a formed in a mounting portion of the partition plate 12a on the wall surface of the processing tower 3.

In FIG. 2, 17 is an eliminator and 18 is a drain pipe. Although not shown, each of the packed layers 4, 5, 6
A supply pipe for adding DMSO culture bacteria or activated sludge is provided separately from the sprinkler pipe in the upper part of.

In order to perform the deodorizing treatment of the malodorous gas by such a biological deodorizing apparatus, first, the malodorous gas is supplied from the air supply pipe 1 to the treatment tower 3.
To be introduced. The odorous gas is treated by activated sludge in the process of passing through the packed bed (H ₂ S decomposition layer) 4 and contains H ₂ S
Is oxidatively decomposed. Next, in the process of passing through the packed bed (MM decomposition layer) 5, it is treated with activated sludge or DMSO culture bacteria, and the contained MM is oxidatively decomposed. In addition, the packed bed (DM
DMS still contained in the process of passing through the (S decomposition layer) 6 is DMSO
Degraded oxidatively by culture. Also, if there is methyl disulfide in the odorous gas. It is also oxidatively decomposed in the DMS decomposition layer.

The gas thus deodorized is discharged from the discharge pipe 2 at the top of the tower after water is removed by the eliminator 17. Note that sulfur-type malodorous components such as H ₂ S, MM, and DMS are oxidatively decomposed to sulfate ions by activated sludge or DMSO culture bacteria.

Accordingly, in each of the packed layers 4, 5, and 6, a malodorous component is oxidized and decomposed to perform a deodorizing treatment, and a sulfate ion of substantially the same amount as that of the removed sulfur-based substance is generated, and gradually accumulates when left to stand. Since this sulfate ion inhibits the biological reaction of microorganisms, it is necessary to spray the washing water from each of the water pipes 10a, 10b, and 10c to each packed bed to wash the sulfate ion out of the tower.

It is also necessary to rehydrate in order to maintain the activity of the microorganism.

That is, when the filling layers 3, 4, and 5 are formed by depositing long fibrous peat, the long fibrous peat is obtained by leaving the peat collected from peatland outdoors in the winter and freeze-drying it to obtain an opening of 8 mm. Can be used to remove short ones by sieving with a sieve. Packing density of the packed bed, 100～150Kg preferably a packed layer 1 m ³ per dry peat basis. The filling height of the packed bed is preferably about 1 to 1.5 m, and the moisture content of the packed bed (percentage of water weight in total of peat weight and water weight)
Is 50 to 80%, preferably 60 to maintain the activity of the microorganism.
It is preferably set to 70%. Therefore, in order to obtain such a water content, water, hydrous sludge,
It is desirable to spray a DMSO aqueous solution or a culture solution using DMSO as a substrate from a watering tube.

When watering such washing water or the like is performed, in the apparatus of the present invention, the partition plates 12a, 12b and the drain pipe 13 are provided as described above.
Since the a and 13b are provided, it is possible to prevent the washing water or the like sprayed on the upper packed layer from flowing down to the lower packed layer, thereby preventing the consolidation and the increase of the power loss from being accelerated. That is, the washing water or the like sprayed on the packed bed 5 is blocked by the partition plate 12a and discharged from the drain pipe 13a without descending to the packed bed 4. Similarly, the washing water or the like sprayed on the packed bed 6 is blocked by the partition plate 12b and discharged from the drain pipe 13b without descending to the packed bed 5.

The washing water or the like sprayed on the packed bed 4 flows down to the bottom of the treatment tower 3 and is then discharged from the drain pipe 18.

The biological deodorizing device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example unless it exceeds the gist. For example, the filling layer is not limited to being formed in three stages, but may be formed in four stages or in five or more stages. Other configurations can be adopted for the partition plate and the drainage mechanism.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, in the biological deodorization apparatus of the present invention, the H ₂ S decomposition layer, the MM decomposition layer, and the packed layer of the DMS decomposition layer are formed in multiple stages independently in the treatment tower. Because the packed bed that decomposes each component in advance in the order according to the easy decomposability of the offensive odor components is arranged in series, there is almost no acclimatization period, and it is necessary to perform more stable deodorization treatment at an early stage. The start-up period of the device can be greatly reduced.

Since the operation of each packed bed can be controlled according to the malodorous gas to be decomposed, it is possible to take an appropriate process even for a sudden change in load and take a good response.

Since microorganisms can be selected for each packed bed, it is possible to minimize the amount of DMSO culture used, thereby reducing processing costs.

And the like.

In addition, the washing water sprayed on the upper packed bed is discharged to the outside of the tower without descending to the lower packed bed, so that the lower packed bed becomes more compact and the pressure loss increases faster than the upper packed bed. And the device can be stably operated for a long period of time.

Therefore, according to the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, malodorous gas containing various kinds of sulfur-based malodorous substances can be very stably and efficiently deodorized almost at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing one embodiment of the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, and longitudinal sectional views showing details thereof, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. is there. 1 ...... supply pipe, 2 ...... discharge pipe, 3 ...... treating tower, 4 ...... packed bed (H ₂ S decomposition layer), 5 ...... filling layer (MM decomposition layer), 6 ...... packed layer (DMS decomposition Layer), 10 ... watering tube.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processing tower provided with a gas supply pipe for malodorous gas at the bottom, and a plurality of three or more stages vertically separated in the processing tower, which carry microorganisms for decomposing malodorous components and treat the same. A filling layer through which the odorous gas to be ventilated in an upward flow, a sprinkling pipe for spraying washing water on each filling tank, and a sprinkling pipe between the upper and lower packing layers and for the lower packing layer. A biological deodorization system comprising: a partition plate provided above the partition plate, through which the flow of the offensive odor gas passes, but blocks the flow of water from above to below, and a drain pipe for discharging the water accumulated on the partition plate to the outside of the tower. An apparatus, wherein the packed bed forms a hydrogen sulfide decomposition layer, a methyl mercaptan decomposition layer, and a methyl sulfide decomposition layer in order from the upstream side of the malodorous gas supplied into the processing tower. .