JP2717135B2 - Structure of shell-shaped structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the structure of shell-shaped structures.

(Conventional technology and problems to be solved) Conventionally, as a method of constructing a reinforced concrete structure building in a shell shape, a three-dimensional lattice-like wooden shell pre-assembled into a three-dimensional shape corresponding to a completed concrete curved surface is used as a formwork. A method of removing reinforced concrete and then hardening the wooden form shell after hardening and leaving only the shell-shaped reinforced concrete has been adopted mainly in Europe.

In this method, since the wooden form shell after demolding can be diverted, it is suitable when many shell buildings having the same shape are constructed.

However, in Japan, especially when planning such a specially shaped structure, there is a tendency to dislike that a building of the same shape already exists. Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture a wooden form shell for one-time use. And had the problem of being very uneconomical.

The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving such a conventional problem.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the structure of the shell-shaped structure according to the present invention, wood, synthetic resin material or metal material is formed by assembling into a free-form surface three-dimensional lattice shape. A lattice shell, a water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet laid on the upper surface of the lattice shell, a net form placed on the water-proof and moisture-permeable sheet, and concrete cast and hardened to a predetermined thickness on the net form Alternatively, a synthetic resin material is provided, and the lattice shell is used as a formwork support when the concrete or synthetic resin material is cast, and is used as an internal finishing material after completion.

In order to achieve the above object, in the structure of the shell-shaped structure according to the present invention, a lattice shell formed by assembling wood, a synthetic resin material, or a metal material into a three-dimensional lattice shape having a free-form surface; Water-permeable and moisture-permeable sheet laid on the upper surface of the, a net form disposed on the water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet, comprising a plurality of precast concrete disposed on the net form at a predetermined thickness, The water-permeable and moisture-permeable sheet and the net form are arranged only at the joints between the plurality of precast concretes at the joints, and the joints at the joints are integrated by casting and hardening the cast-in-place concrete. The grid shell is used as a support for the precast concrete, and is used as an internal finishing material after completion.

(Embodiment) Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the shell-shaped structure according to this embodiment includes a wooden lattice shell 1, a water- and moisture-permeable sheet 2, and a steel net 3. And reinforced concrete 4.

The wooden lattice shell 1 is formed by assembling wood having a predetermined cross section into a three-dimensional lattice shape having a free-form surface.

In the present embodiment, in consideration of durability, construction load and pre-bending performance of wood when forming a shell curved surface, a rice pine material having a thickness of 35 mm and a width of 14 mm is used, and these are removed with an adhesive. Adhesive bonded glued laminated lumber 5 with a thickness of 35 mm and a width of 70 is used.

Then, the glued laminated lumbers 5 of a predetermined length are arranged at a predetermined interval (in this embodiment, 50 cm × 50 cm), and a pair of laminated glued lumbers 5, 5 which intersect at each node are joined by shifting the phase up and down. hand,
The pair of laminated members 5, 5 are joined together by bolts 7 so as to be freely rotatable on the curved surface of the shell. In addition, 6 in the figure is fixed on the glued laminated material 5 on the lower side after the completion of the construction of the lattice shell 1 as described later, so that the surface is flush with the other glued laminated material 5 orthogonal to this. In this embodiment, laminated materials having the same cross section are used.

The water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet 2 is laid on the upper surface of the wooden lattice shell 1 and allows only moisture to pass therethrough to block the passage of moisture. In the present embodiment, the product name “Tyvek” (manufactured by DuPont) is used. ing.

In the present embodiment, the steel net 3 as the net form uses a lath wire mesh, and is used as the form of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete 4 as in the conventional so-called net form method.

Therefore, when constructing the shell-shaped structure according to the present embodiment, first, each glued laminated material 5 is placed at a site above the ground at 50 cm × 50 cm.
The ground is laid in a cm grid.

The joints in the longitudinal direction of the glued laminated lumbers 5 are bonded together by gluing the same pieces of glued laminated lumber 5 to the main body with four bolts, and gluing to the joints of the glued laminated lumber at the butt joint The agent is injected and cured to make it tight. Each node is joined by a bolt 7 so that the pair of intersecting glued lumbers 5 and 5 can freely rotate on the shell curved surface as described above.

The flat lattice assembled in this procedure is lifted at the position of the center of gravity by a suitable suspending means, and is erected in a shell shape conforming to the assumed curved surface by using an appropriate shape setting jig for shell construction.

Since the wooden grid using the glued laminated lumber 5 according to the present embodiment has a pre-bending performance of being deformed by about 2 m only by supporting the central portion, a desired free-form surface is formed using this performance. is there.

In this embodiment, the lattice shell boundary is formed of plywood (not shown). A rope is set in the diagonal direction of the lattice shell 1 in advance, and the tension between the lattice shell and the lattice shell boundary is adjusted. Align the edge of the wooden lattice shell 1 with the wooden lattice shell 1 in this state.
Is connected to the lattice shell boundary by bolting.

When the shape setting is completed, the laminated timber 5 located on the lower side
Each of the auxiliary members 6 is fixed on the above, so that the surface is flush with the other laminated members 5 orthogonal to the auxiliary members 6.

Thereafter, the water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet 2 and the steel net 3 are laid in this order on the wooden lattice shell 1, and a predetermined reinforcing work (in this embodiment, the deformed reinforcing bar of D10 is pitched at 150 mm) is performed. The concrete 4 may be cast.

In this embodiment, a slump of 10 cm lightweight concrete is cast to a thickness of 8 cm.

In this embodiment having such a configuration, the wooden lattice shell 1
If the span-rise ratio is set to a reasonable ratio of about 0.1 to 0.35, an additional load of about 400 to 500 kg / m can be borne, eliminating the need for a formwork support as in the conventional example. The lattice shell 1 can perform the function of the shoring.

Further, the water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet 2 and the steel net 3 function as a formwork.
Bears as its in-plane tension to prevent concrete from falling, and transmits stress to the wooden lattice shell 1 supporting the steel net 3 for each predetermined area, and the wooden lattice shell 1 is compressed by its compressive strength. Because it is designed to bear the weight of the concrete, it is a reasonable load resistance system.

Furthermore, the water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet 2 prevents the water contained in the concrete from falling, and can be discharged downward as steam.

However, compared to a plywood form, it is much lighter, processing and assembling are simpler, and after the concrete is cast, the steel net 3 is buried in the concrete, so there is no need to remove the form. In addition, the workability is good because the dismantling work of the support work is not required, and the construction period can be greatly reduced.

Furthermore, the wooden lattice shell 1 can be used as a supporter and can be used as it is as an internal finishing material after completion. The wooden lattice shell 1 is a square or rhombic free-form three-dimensional solid body composed of the water- and moisture-permeable sheet 2 and the laminated wood 5. The lattice ceiling is formed rationally and aesthetically, the rationality between design and structure can be compatible, and the cost is very low.

Also, bolts 7 provided at each node of the wooden lattice shell 1
Can function as a shear connector for the concrete 4 to be poured and hardened, and can adjust the standing length of the concrete 4 to guide the bolt to the design thickness of the concrete 4 to be poured. It can also be used as a material.

In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the glued laminated material 5 is used as the material of the lattice shell 1, but other solid materials may be used. A metal material such as a reinforced steel bar can also be used. In addition, the net form 3 may be made of a resin net other than metal.

Further, in the above embodiment, the side where the cast-in-place concrete 4 containing the reinforcing steel is cast and hardened is shown, and this is the most preferable example of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reinforcing steel may be omitted depending on the conditions. In addition, cast-in-place concrete 4 is not limited to lightweight concrete, and ordinary concrete and resin concrete can be used. Instead of cast-in-place concrete 4, synthetic resin material such as FRP (fiber reinforced resin material) can be used. You may make it hit on site.

Further, a predetermined number of precast concretes may be used in place of the cast-in-place concrete 4 or the cast-in-place synthetic resin material. In the case where precast concrete is used, the water- and moisture-permeable sheet 2 and the net form 3 are used. What is necessary is just to arrange | position only in the field joint joint part of the said precast concrete.

That is, since a predetermined number of precast concretes are arranged to form a shell shape having a free-form surface, an on-site joint is formed between adjacent precast concretes.

Therefore, it is necessary that the joints at the site be integrated with each other by casting and hardening cast-in-place concrete. Therefore, the water- and moisture-permeable sheet 2 and the net form 3 are only provided at the joints at the site between the precast concretes. And it is necessary to arrange.

Also in this embodiment, the lattice shell 1 can be used as a support when the cast-in-place concrete is cast and hardened at the joint site between the precast concretes, and used as an internal finishing material after completion. Can be done.

Furthermore, the span of the wooden lattice shell 1 can be set to an optimum condition according to the load condition without being limited to the present embodiment, and the cross-sectional shape of the laminated wood 5 and the like, It goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, for example, the material can be appropriately selected.

(Effect of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above, and has a lattice shell formed by assembling wood, a synthetic resin material or a metal material in a three-dimensional lattice shape having a free-form surface, and laid on the upper surface of the lattice shell. Water-permeable and moisture-permeable sheet, a net form placed on the water-proof and moisture-permeable sheet, and a concrete or synthetic resin material cast and cured to a predetermined thickness on the net form. When casting the concrete or synthetic resin material, it is used as a formwork support, and after completion, it is used as an internal finishing material, greatly improving the workability, and utilizing a wood lattice, the design surface and This is extremely effective in that it can improve the rationality and economy in terms of structure.

Alternatively, precast concrete may be used in place of cast-in-place concrete or cast-in-place synthetic resin material.When using precast concrete, the water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet and the net form are, as described above, What is necessary is just to arrange | position only in the site joint joint part of the said precast concrete mutually.

Thus, also in the present invention, it is possible to achieve an operation effect similar to the above operation effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part showing an embodiment of the present invention. . 1 ... Lattice shell, 2 ... Water and moisture permeable sheet, 3 ... Net formwork (steel net), 4 ... Concrete, 5 ... Glulam.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lattice shell formed by assembling wood, synthetic resin material or metal material into a free-form surface three-dimensional lattice shape,
A water and moisture permeable sheet laid on the upper surface of the lattice shell, a net form placed on the water and moisture permeable sheet, and a concrete or synthetic resin material cast and cured to a predetermined thickness on the net form Wherein the lattice shell is used as a formwork support when the concrete or synthetic resin material is poured, and is used as an internal finishing material after completion. 2. A lattice shell formed by assembling wood, synthetic resin material or metal material into a free-form surface three-dimensional lattice shape,
A water-proof and moisture-permeable sheet laid on the upper surface of the lattice shell, a net form placed on the water-proof and moisture-permeable sheet, and a plurality of precast concretes disposed at a predetermined thickness on the net form; The water-resistant and moisture-permeable sheet and the net form are provided only at the joints between the plurality of precast concretes at the joints, and the joints at the joints are integrated by being cast and hardened by cast-in-place concrete. The structure of a shell-shaped structure, wherein the lattice shell is used as a support for the precast concrete, and is used as an internal finishing material after completion.