JP2720181B2 - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compressor used for an apparatus requiring high suction and high compression, such as a heat exchanger.

[Prior Art] A reciprocating type in which a piston reciprocates in a cylinder, a screw type in which two worm-shaped screw rotors are engaged, and a rotor in which an eccentric rotor rotates and a seal provided in the outer periphery of the rotor There are various types of rotors in which the plate contacts and compresses the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder while coming in and out of the rotor.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The reciprocating type is capable of confidentiality and high compression, but has a large loss of power transmission and large vibration because the rotary motion is changed to a linear motion. In addition, high-speed rotation is difficult, the number of compressions per rotation of power in one cylinder is small, and noise is generated due to the necessity of intake and discharge valves. There is difficulty in durability.

In the case of the screw type, power loss is small because of only rotary motion, and high-speed operation is easy, and continuous compression can be performed. Not suitable for

In the case of the rotary type as well, there is little power loss because it is only a rotary motion as in the above screw type, high speed operation is easy and continuous compression is possible, but the seal of the seal plate part is lost, so the secrecy of that part is impaired, and the structure There is also a problem above, and it is difficult to increase the size for use in a large capacity.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Unlike the reciprocating type, since the rotational motion of the power is compressed by the rotating motion as it is, the power loss is small, there is no vibration, the high speed operation is possible compared to the reciprocating type, and the power Efficiency is achieved because a large number of continuous compressions are performed for each rotation speed.Since no intake and discharge valves are required, it is quiet, has excellent durability, and has a simple structure, so it is large and small. As shown in FIG. 1a, mainly, (1) a screw 22 and a cylinder 24 are provided, and (2) a screw 22 is formed around a cylindrical main body 220.
(3) The cylinder 24 is formed with a strip 242 having the same shape as the above-mentioned strip 222 on the inner surface of the cylinder, and has inlets at both ends in the axial direction. 247 and an outlet 248, respectively. (4) In the cylinder 24, the screw 22 is coaxial and rotatable, and between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and Obi 2
(5) The screw 22 is installed so that the space between the belt 42 and the main body 220 is sealed, and the left space 28 and the right space 29 are cut off from each other between the strip 222 and the strip 242. And the cylinder 24 and the casing 26
, Rotating alternately in the same direction.

[Description] The subject of the present invention is a compression mechanism.

Various known mechanisms can be used as a variable angular speed ratio transmission mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a variable mechanism) that alternately rotates the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 of the compression mechanism slowly and rapidly.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the compression mechanism will be described first, and then an embodiment including the variable mechanism will be described.

[Embodiment of Compression Mechanism] [1] Configuration Mainly in FIG. 1a, reference numeral 20 denotes the entire compression mechanism.

 The compression mechanism 20 includes a screw 22, a cylinder 24, and a casing 26 thereof.

(1) Regarding the screw 22: As shown in FIG. 2a, outside the elongated cylindrical main body 220,
A single spiral strip 222 is formed.

The cross section BB of the strip 222 has a fan shape as shown in FIG. 2b. The AA cross section of the strip 222 is rectangular.

Reference numeral 224 denotes a seal (not shown in FIG. 1a), and FIG. 2c shows a state of the seal 224 viewed from the side surface of the screw 22, and both side surfaces of the screw 22 are the same.

 226 is a drive shaft.

(2) Regarding the cylinder 24: FIGS. 3a and 3b show.

240 is its main body, which is a closed cylindrical body on the left and right (left and right refer to the figure).

242 is a strip formed on the inner surface of the main body 240. this is,
It has exactly the same shape as the strip 222 described above, and its BB cross section is a sector shape as shown in FIG. 3b.

 244 is a seal (not shown in FIG. 1a), and 246 is a drive shaft.

 247 is a gas inlet and 248 is a gas outlet.

However, although the positions of the inlet 247 and the outlet 248 are schematically shown in FIG. 3a, they are actually provided at the positions shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d.

250 and 251 are seals, and the inlet 24 provided in the cylinder 24
7, to prevent gas leakage between the outlet 248 and the casing 26 (FIGS. 3e and 3f).

(3) Combination of screw 22 and cylinder 24: As shown in FIG. 1a, screw 22 is coaxially assembled in cylinder 24.

At this time, the strip 222 enters into the gap between the strips 242, and the screw 22 is allowed to rotate relative to the cylinder 24 in the gap.

The seals 224 and 244 (not shown in FIG. 1a) seal between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and between the strip 242 and the main body 220 of the screw 22.

Further, between the strips 222 and 242, the left space 28 and the right space 29
Are formed (the left and right sides are, for example, based on the strip 222). These are each helical and fluidly insulated from each other.

Incidentally, for example, in the state of FIG. 1a, if only the screw 22 is slightly turned in the direction of the arrow 30, the right space 29 gradually narrows, and finally the strip 222 comes into contact with the side surface of the strip 242, The space between the two is minimized and the space on the opposite side
28 expands in the opposite way, and when space 29 is minimum, this space 28 is maximum.

Note that the side surfaces of the strip 222 and the strip 142 may be curved to the same curved surface so that the portion corresponding to the BB cross section of FIG. 1a is in the state of FIG. 1c.

(4) Casing 26: As shown in FIG. 1a, the casing 26 covers the outside of the cylinder 24.

The cylinder 24 is rotatable in the casing 26. A groove 264 is provided in the left cover 262 of the casing 26 (1d
Figure). This leads to the above-mentioned inlet 247 and to the outside through the suction hole 267.

Further, a discharge hole 268 is provided in the left cover 266 of the casing 26 (FIG. 1e). This leads to the outlet 248 and to the outside.

[2] Operation For example, in FIG. 1a, it is assumed that both the drive shaft 226 and the drive shaft 246 rotate in the arrow 30 direction.

For example, when the drive shaft 246 and the drive shaft 226 (that is, the cylinder 24 and the screw 22) are rotated at different angular velocities, the relative positional relationship between the strip 222 and the strip 242 changes.

Indicating the change in the positional relationship as a change in the axial direction complicates the diagram and makes it harder to understand.
It is shown in a cross section perpendicular to the axis as shown in FIG. 1b.

(1) First, consider the case of starting from the state of FIG. 4a (the same as FIG. 1b).

First, it is assumed that the cylinder 24 rotates in the direction of the arrow earlier than the screw 22.

4b, the gas is compressed in the left space 28, and the gas is sucked in the right space 29 (suction hole 267, groove 2
Through 64).

(2) Then, as shown in FIG. 4c, the compression is completed in the left space 28, and the gas having a sufficient pressure is discharged through the outlet 248 and the discharge hole 268.

 In the right space 29, the inhalation is completed.

(3) After the above steps are completed,
Is rotated faster than the cylinder 24.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4d, the left space 28 gradually expands to inhale gas, and the right space 29 compresses gas.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4e, the state of the left space 28 = the right space 29 is obtained as shown in FIG. 4f.

That is, in the right space 29, the compression is completed, and the gas having a sufficient pressure is discharged.

 In the left space 28, the inhalation is completed.

(4) After the above steps are completed,
Rotate 24 faster than screw 22.

 Then, the above-mentioned FIGS. 4a to 4b... Are obtained.

By repeating these, the gas is continuously
It is sucked in from 267, compressed and discharged from the discharge hole 268.

However, the compressed gas is discharged twice per rotation of the driving shaft 32.

 The above is the description of the compression mechanism 20.

Next, an embodiment including a variable angular speed ratio transmission mechanism (hereinafter, referred to as a variable speed mechanism) for rotating the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 alternately at different angular velocities as described above will be described.

[First Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] In FIGS. 5a and 5b, reference numeral 31 denotes the entire variable speed mechanism.

In this case, four two-stage gears 34, 35, 36, 37 are used. These are all the same gear. Also, the number of teeth of each of the large diameter portion 340 and the small diameter portion 34 is equal, and the relationship is And the angle α is Is (Note z ₁ in the number of teeth of the gear of the large diameter portion 340, z ₂ is the number of teeth of the gear of the small-diameter portion 342, the z _alpha is the number of teeth in the angle of z ₁ alpha).

Reference numeral 32 denotes a driving shaft on which the two-stage gears 34 and 36 are fixed with a phase difference of 180 °.

The large diameter portion 350 of the gear 35 is engaged with the small diameter portion 342 of the gear 34.

The small diameter portion 372 of the gear 37 is engaged with the large diameter portion 360 of the gear 36.

Also, the center line 344, the center line 354, and the like of each gear are matched.

The gear 35 and the drive shaft 226, and the gear 37 and the drive shaft 246 are fixed in the following state.

That is, the upper part of FIG. 6a shows the variable speed mechanism 31, and the lower part shows the state of the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 as viewed in the direction of arrows CC in FIG. 5a. As shown in FIG. 6a, (1) the gear 35 Center line 354 and center line 223 of screw 22
Is fixed, the gear 35 and the drive shaft 226 are fixed,
(2) The gear 37 and the drive shaft 246 are fixed with the center line 374 of the gear 37 coincident with the center line 243 of the cylinder 24.

As shown in FIG. 5c, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24
The shape of the strips 222, 242 provided on the two-stage gears 34, 35, 36, 37
Of the strips 222 and 242 And about the same.

[2] Action The driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed in the direction of arrow 38 (No. 5a).
Figure) and start from the state of Figure 6a.

(1) The gears 34 and 36 rotate at the same speed as the driving shaft 32.

However, the gear 35 rotates slower than the driving shaft 32, and the gear 37 rotates faster than the driving shaft 32.

(2) Then, as shown in FIG. 6b, the relationship between the gears 36 and 37 is
When shifting from the engagement of the large diameter portion 360 to the small diameter portion 372 to the engagement of the small diameter portion 362 to the large diameter portion 370, as described above, the left space 28
Then, the compression is completed and the gas is discharged, and the suction of the gas is completed in the right space 29.

(3) At that time, the relationship between the gears 34 and 35 is still
As in the state of FIG. 6A, the small diameter portion 342 to the large diameter portion 350 are engaged.

6b to 6d, the screw 22
And the cylinder 24 rotates at a constant speed.

(4) After the state of FIG. 6d, the relationship between the gears 34 to 35 shifts to the engagement of the large diameter portion 340 to the small diameter portion 352.

At that time, the relationship between the gears 36 and 37 is still the small diameter portion 36
Because of the engagement between the large diameter portion 370 and the large diameter portion 370, the gear 35 rotates faster than the driving shaft 32 and the gear 37 rotates later than the driving shaft 32, contrary to the above.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6e, the strip 222 rotates faster than the strip 242, and inhalation is performed in the left space 28, and the right space is
The compression is performed in 29 and the compression is performed in the right space 29.

(5) FIG. 6e is the reverse of FIG. 6a.

Therefore, if the rotation is further continued, the state returns to the state shown in FIG. 6a, and the subsequent steps are repeated.

[3] Another Example of Two-Stage Gear The above-described two-stage gears 34 to 37 are all the same shape. For example, in the case of the gear 34, the teeth other than the large-diameter portion 340 are removed as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b. Two large positive gears 346 and a small positive gear 348 having a small diameter portion 342 may be stacked.

A particular advantage of this embodiment is that the two-stage gear is easy to manufacture.

[Second Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] [1] Configuration FIG. 8a shows a BB section of FIG. 8b, and FIG. 8b shows an AA section of FIG. 8a.

 A cover 40 is connected to the casing 26.

 The gear 42 is fixed to the cover 40.

 The driving shaft 32 passes through the center of the gear 42 and is free.

 A link 45 is wedge-attached to the driving shaft 32.

 Short axes 46 and 48 are axially mounted on both ends of the link 45.

A gear 50 is fixed to one end of the short shaft 46 and meshes with the gear 42 via a planetary gear 43 provided on a link 45.

Similarly, a gear 52 is fixed to one end of the end shaft 48, and meshes with the gear 42 via a planetary gear 44 provided on a link 45.

The gears 50 and 52 have the same shape as the gear 42 described above, and the planetary gears 43 and 44 are optional.

Further, a link 54 is fixed to the other end of the short shaft 46, and a rotor 58 is mounted on the arm end thereof.

Similarly, the link 56 is fixed to the other end of the short shaft 48, and the rotor 60 is mounted on the arm end thereof.

A shaft 62 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the driving shaft 32, and a shaft 66 is rotatably mounted on the outside thereof.

A driven link 64 projects radially from the shaft 62 and is provided with a groove 640 in which the rotor 58 is engaged.

Also, the driven link 68 is projected from the shaft 66 in the radial direction,
It is provided with a groove 680 to which the rotor 60 is engaged.

In this case, the rotors 58 and 60 may be replaced with a slider or the like.

In addition, the driven link 64 and the driven link 68 are made to protrude so as to face each other by 180 degrees.

The shaft 62 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft 226 of the compression mechanism 20, and the shaft 6
6 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft 246, at which time the adjustment is made as follows.

That is, when the driving shaft 32 is rotated by 90 ° from the state of FIG. 8a, the belt 222 of the screw 22 and the belt 242 of the cylinder 24 are rotated.
Under such a condition that the side surfaces contact with each other, they are connected.

[2] Action The driving shaft 32 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 38.

 For example, considering the trajectory of the rotor 58, it is: P in the state of the solid line in FIG. 8a; Q when the driving shaft 32 rotates 90 °; R when 180 ° rotates; Finally, draw an elliptical cycloid curve 70.

The same applies to the rotor 60, except that the phase is 180 ° out of phase, but the same cycloid curve 70 is drawn.

Thus, when the drive shaft 32 in FIG. 8a is rotating and the position of the rollers 58, 60 is moving between Q-RS.
Screw 22 connected to driven link 64, 68, respectively
Or the cylinder 24 is fast; the rollers 58, 60 are S ~ P ~
When moving between Q, screw 22 or cylinder 24 rotates slowly.

That is, since the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate alternately faster and slower, the pumping operation as described above is performed.

In the case of the second embodiment, in the shape of the strips 222 and 242, the portion corresponding to the angle θ in FIG. 5c is substantially the same as the angle α ₁ between the center of the driving shaft 32 in FIG. 8a and SQ. To

[Third Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] (FIG. 9) [1] Configuration In the first embodiment, four identical two-stage gears were used. In this case, four identical gears were used. Use elliptical gears.

 In FIG. 9, only the elliptical gears 72 and 73 are shown.

The elliptical gear 72 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the elliptical gear 73 is
Fix to 226 and engage with each other.

At that time, the focus of the elliptical gears 72 and 73 is
Match the center of 226.

Further, the distance between the driving shaft 32 and the driving shaft 226 is made equal to the major axis of the ellipse.

[2] Action The driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed.

In the state shown in FIG. 9, since the meshing position of the two gears is farthest from the driving shaft 32, the driven-side elliptical gear 73 rotates fastest.

Conversely, when the gear rotates 180 °, the driven elliptical gear 73 rotates at the slowest speed because the meshing position of both gears is closest to the driving shaft 32.

In addition, at those intermediate positions, the angular velocity of the elliptical gear 73 gradually changes.

Therefore, the drive shaft 226 fixed to the elliptical gear 73, that is, the screw 22, periodically and slowly rotates.

Another set of elliptical gears, not shown, is the elliptical gear 7 described above.
It is mounted 180 ° out of phase with 2,73, and its driven side is fixed to the drive shaft of the cylinder 24.

Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate alternately slowly and rapidly to perform a pumping action.

In this case, the angle θ of the strips 222 and 224 is
At two acute angles corresponding to the central portions of the shafts 32 and 226 in the positions ₂ and 73, they are almost the same as the angle α ₂ shown in the upper part of FIG.

[Fourth Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] (FIG. 10) [1] Configuration Four identical leaf gears are used.

Each gear has a profile in which logarithmic spiral curves are symmetrically opposed.

 In FIG. 10, only the leaf gears 74 and 75 are shown.

The leaf gear 74 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the leaf gear 75 is
Fix to 226 and engage with each other.

[2] Operation When the driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the leaf gear 75, that is, the screw 22, rotates slowly and rapidly.

The other set of leaf circle gears (not shown) is
It is mounted 180 ° out of phase with 4,75, and its driven side is fixed to the drive shaft of the cylinder 24.

Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate alternately slowly and rapidly to perform a pumping action.

Note that the angle θ of the strips 222 and 242 in the fourth embodiment is
2 corresponds to the central portion of the shafts 32 and 226 as in the third embodiment.
In sharp edges of the point, to about the same as the angle alpha ₃ shown in the upper part of FIG. 10.

[Fifth Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] (FIG. 11) [1] Configuration As in the case of the third embodiment, four identical elliptical gears are used.

 In FIG. 11, only the elliptical gears 76 and 77 are shown.

The elliptical gear 76 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the elliptical gear 77 is
Fix to 226.

In this case, the centers of the elliptical gears 76 and 77 are
And the center of the drive shaft 226.

The gears are engaged with each other so that the minor axis of one gear and the major axis of the other gear are on a straight line.

[2] Operation When the driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the driven-side elliptical gear 77, that is, the screw 22, performs two gentle and rapid rotations per one rotation of the driving shaft 32.

Another set of elliptical gears, not shown, is the elliptical gear 7 described above.
It is 90 ° out of phase with 6,77.

In this case, in particular, as shown in the lower part of FIG.
° Provide opposed. Similarly, on the cylinder 24, another strip 245 of the same shape is provided 180 ° opposite to the strip 242 in addition to the strip 242.

However, the discharge is performed four times per rotation of the driving shaft 32, thereby increasing the efficiency.

In the fifth embodiment, the suction and discharge holes corresponding to the suction hole 257 and the discharge hole 268 in FIGS. 1a, 1d and 1e are:
A total of four pairs are provided, two pairs each.

In the shape of the strips 222, 225, 242, 245, the angle θ is almost the same as the angle α ₄ shown in the upper part of FIG.

[Effect of the Invention] The screw 22 and the cylinder 24
Has a spiral band 222 formed around a cylindrical main body 220, and the cylinder 24 forms a band 242 having the same shape as the band 222 on the inner surface of the cylinder, and An inlet 247 and an outlet 248 are respectively provided at both ends in the axial direction.In the cylinder 24, the screw 22 is coaxial and rotatable, and the strip 222 and the cylinder 24
So that the left space 28 and the right space 29, which are isolated from each other, between the strip 222 and the strip 242 so as to be sealed between the inner surface of the strip and the strip 242 and the main body 220, Built-in, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate alternately with acceleration and deceleration, but are continuous in the same direction, and perform more suction and compression processes than the reciprocating type with respect to the number of rotations of the power. Is good.

Since the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 are coaxial, a balance is obtained without vibration as in a reciprocating type, and since there are no suction and discharge valves, quietness and excellent durability are achieved.

Space between cylinder 24 and screw 22 during suction and compression
28, 29 can maintain almost perfect sealing, so high suction,
High compression is possible, and it is easy to increase the compression ratio.

Extremely simple structure, large capacity
Alternatively, it is easy to reduce the size and weight of a small-capacity device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1a to 4f relate to an embodiment of the compression mechanism of the present invention, FIG. 1a is an explanatory view partially cut away, FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1a, and FIG. 1a is an explanatory view of a modified example of the BB section, FIG. 1d is a DD sectional view of FIG. 1a, FIG. 1e is an EE sectional view of FIG. 1a, and FIG. FIG. 2b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2a, FIG. 2c is a side view of FIG. 2a viewed from the direction of arrow C, FIG. 3a is an explanatory view of the cylinder 24, and FIG. FIG. 3c is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3a, FIG. 3d is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 3a, and FIG. 3e is a view seen from the direction of arrow E in FIG. 3a. FIG. 3f is a side view as seen from the direction of arrow F in FIG. 3a, and FIGS. 4a to 4f are explanatory views of the order of operation. 5a to 7b relate to the first embodiment including the variable speed mechanism, FIG. 5a is an explanatory view partially cut away, FIG. 5b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5a, FIG. FIGS. 6a to 6e are explanatory views of a process sequence of operation, FIG. 7a is an explanatory view of a modified example of the two-stage gear, and FIG. 7b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 7a. Fig. 8a is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment including a variable speed mechanism. Fig. 8b is a sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 8a. Fig. 9 is a description of a third embodiment including a variable speed mechanism. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a fourth embodiment including a variable speed mechanism. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a fifth embodiment including a variable speed mechanism. 20: Compression mechanism 22: Screw, 222: Strip 223: Center line, 224: Seal 220: Body, 226: Drive shaft 24: Cylinder, 240: Body 242: Strip, 244: Seal 246: Drive shaft, 247: Inlet 248: Outlet, 243: Centerline 250, 251: Seal 26: Casing 262: Left lid, 264: Groove 266: Left lid, 267: Suction hole 268: Discharge hole 28: Left space, 29: Right space 30: Arrow, 31 : Variable speed mechanism

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A screw 22 is formed by a screw 22 and a cylinder 24. The screw 22 forms a spiral band 222 around a cylindrical main body 220. The cylinder 24 has a cylindrical inner surface, A strip 242 having the same shape as the strip 222 is formed, and an inlet 247 and an outlet 248 are provided at both ends in the axial direction.In the cylinder 24, the screw 22 is coaxial,
And between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and between the strip 242 and the main body 220, and between the strip 222 and the strip 242. A compressor in which a screw 22 and a cylinder 24 are rotated alternately and gradually in the same direction within a casing 26 so as to form a left space 28 and a right space 29.