JP2720342B2 - Green panel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to greening of urban areas, and more particularly, to greening of vertical walls of buildings, such as the outer walls of buildings and noise barriers on expressways, or steeply inclined walls which are nearly vertical. It relates to the greening panel used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of greening a vertical wall surface or a steeply inclined wall surface near a vertical structure of a building, there is a method in which a vine plant is used to make a planar greening by utilizing the growth characteristics of climbing and drooping. In general, a method of attaching a pocket-shaped planting pot to a wall surface is common. Also, recently, a type in which the entire wall surface is greened from the initial stage by improving the irrigation system, such as a wall flower bed often seen at an event venue or the like, has appeared.

[0003] However, in the method of planar greening using vine plants, it takes a long time to green the entire wall, and in the method of attaching a pocket-shaped planting pot to the wall, the entire wall is greened in a planar manner. Is difficult to do. A type such as a wall flower bed cannot be established in a place where a water source cannot be secured, and is not suitable for wall greening in a place where maintenance is difficult such as a sound insulation wall of an elevated expressway.

[0004] In addition, a greening panel in which culture soil and a particulate water retention material are mixed into a porous body, and the surface of the porous body grows and proliferates a plant of the family Crassulaceae, which is strong in drying,
It is also possible to green a wall such as a sound insulation wall of a highway without performing watering work.
As already proposed by the Japanese Patent Publication, the plants of the family Crassulaceae tend to be short-lived and have a poor appearance, and moreover, a flexible material such as a resin sponge is used as the porous body. Even if the surroundings are reinforced with a box-shaped frame, as the plant grows, the roots fill the porous body and the porous body is pushed out of the frame. Not a few points.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a thin and lightweight greening panel suitable for greening a vertical or nearly vertical wall in a place where a water source cannot be secured, particularly in a place where maintenance is not easy such as a sound insulation wall of an elevated highway.

[0006]

The technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows. That is, the greening panel according to the present invention includes a rectangular back plate and rectangular upper, lower, left and right side plates connected to four sides thereof.
A panel base formed in a thin rectangular parallelepiped box shape with an open front surface, at least an upper plate and a lower plate having window-shaped cutouts, and a rectangular thin mat shape housed inside the panel base And a rod-shaped water-absorbing and draining material positioned along the four circumferential end faces of the soil-free medium, a frame detachable from the front opening of the panel base, and a frame provided at appropriate intervals. A cover made of a holding wire for preventing the soil-free medium from falling off, wherein the soil-free medium is provided with a growth control layer for preventing plant decline and growth and maintaining an initial greening state. It is characterized by:

[0007] The growth control layer may carry only a trace amount of the slow-acting fertilizer, that is, the minimum necessary amount for preventing plant decline and growth, or may carry a slow-acting fertilizer and a growth inhibitor. May be. In addition, instead of carrying a slow-acting fertilizer, the whole material or a part of the growth control layer is composed of chitin fibers which have an effect as a fertilizer in the material itself (a chitin extracted from the shell of a crab). Is also good.

[0008] The thin mat-shaped soilless medium may be a growth control layer having the entire thickness, but it is disposed on a support base layer of a plant made of a material having excellent weather resistance and on the back side thereof. It is desirable to comprise a growth control layer of a plant that has been grown in order to increase the service life of the soilless medium.

The water absorbing and draining material serves to absorb excess rainwater and the like, and to gradually and evenly supply water to the soilless medium. As the water absorbing and draining material, an appropriate material can be selected, and for example, is formed of a porous foam. Of the water supply / drainage material, at least the upper water absorption / drainage material arranged opposite to the upper plate is formed with a concave portion located opposite to the cutout portion of the upper plate so as to temporarily store excess rainwater and the like. It is desirable to configure. Further, the rear panel is square, and a window-shaped cutout is formed in each of the upper, lower, left and right side plates, and a concave portion facing the cutout is formed in each of the water-absorbing and draining materials. Since the base can be used regardless of length and width, and the same shape can be used as the water absorbing and draining material, the cost can be reduced by mass production.

[0010]

According to the above construction, after a succulent plant resistant to drying and high temperature is grown on a thin mat-shaped soilless medium in advance, this thin mat-shaped soilless medium is applied to the panel base from the front opening. With the cover fitted to the panel base to prevent the soil-free medium from falling off, the greening panel is installed on the vertical wall of the building or on the steeply-closed vertical wall,
The walls will be greened.

A part of the rainwater or the like flowing from the cutout portion of the upper plate of the panel base is absorbed by the water absorbing and draining material and is gradually and evenly supplied to the soilless medium. Excess rainwater or the like flows downward from the cutout portion of the lower plate of the panel base via the water absorbing and draining material located opposite to the lower end surface of the soilless medium.

Since the above soilless medium is provided with a growth control layer for preventing plant decline and growth and maintaining the initial greening state, it is a succulent plant that is sensitive to moisture and fertilizers, Even if a plant of the genus Sedum that tends to grow prolonged (for example, a plant of the family Crassulaceae), excessive growth of roots and leaves is suppressed, and the initial greening state is maintained for a long time.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show an example of a greening panel A according to the present invention. This greening panel A has a side of 500 to 700 m
m and a thin rectangular parallelepiped having a depth of about 10 to 50 mm and a box base formed in a box shape with an open front, and a square thin matless soilless housed inside the panel base 1 Medium 2 and the soilless medium 2
The four rod-shaped water-absorbing and draining materials 3 located along the four circumferential end faces of ...
And a lid 4 configured to be detachable from the front opening of the panel base 1.

The panel substrate 1 is made of a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 0.8 mm, and has a square back plate 1a and rectangular upper and lower, left and right side plates 1b, which are bent and connected to four sides thereof. 1c, 1d, and 1e, the side plate 1 is formed in the shape of a thin rectangular parallelepiped with an open front surface.
Window-shaped cutouts a are formed in b, 1c, 1d, and 1e, respectively.

The cover 4 is formed by welding a plurality of holding wires 4b for preventing falling out of a soilless medium into a grid at appropriate intervals on a frame 4a made of a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 0.8 mm. The frame 4a is fitted to the front opening of the panel base 1 from outside and fixed by means such as screws. As the holding wire 4b, a stainless steel rod having a circular cross section is used.
It may be formed in a net shape.

The soilless medium 2 comprises a plant support base layer 2A made of a material having excellent weather resistance such as a porous foamed polypropylene, and a plant growth control layer 2B disposed on the back side thereof. It is composed of The growth control layer 2B is for preventing plant decline and growth and maintaining the initial greening state. In this embodiment, a resin-coated fertilizer as a slow-acting fertilizer and a growth inhibitor (for example, Triflu. Line) is sandwiched between felts 5b, 5b of a material having excellent water retention, for example, acrylic porous synthetic fiber (acrylic synthetic fiber having voids), and It constitutes the growth control layer 2B. The number of felts 5b used can be set arbitrarily. The nonwoven fabric 5a, the felts 5b,... Are adhered to each other and integrated, but may be simply laminated in a predetermined order. Further, the support base layer 2A and the growth control layer 2B are simply laminated in the panel substrate 1, but may be bonded together in advance and integrated.

The water absorbing and draining material 3 is formed of a porous foamed polypropylene or the like. The four water absorbing and draining materials 3 are all of the same shape, and the upper, lower, left and right side plates 1b, 1c, 1
A long groove-shaped recess b is formed opposite to the window-shaped cutout a formed in d, 1e. The recesses b are arranged so as to be outward, that is, so as to face the cutouts a.

In the above-mentioned greening panel A, the back plate 1a is square, and the cutouts a are formed in the upper, lower, left and right side plates 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, respectively. Since the concave portion b facing the cutout portion a is formed in the panel base 1, the panel base 1 can be used regardless of length and width, and
Since the four water-absorbing and draining materials 3 can be of the same shape, the assembly is simplified because the number of parts is small, so that labor can be saved and cost can be reduced by mass production. is there.

Next, a method of greening a wall surface using the greening panel A will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 6, the entire soilless medium 2 or only the support base layer 2A is placed on an appropriate mount 6, and cutting of a succulent plant (for example, a plant of the family Crassulaceae) B resistant to drying and high temperature is performed. The stem is connected to the support base layer 2
A (when the entire soilless medium 2 is placed on the gantry 6, either the support base layer 2A or the growth control layer 2B may be sowed) for rooting and growth. As another rooting method, there is a method in which soil is spread thinly on the support base layer 2A, cut stems are sown thereon, and the soil is washed away at the stage of rooting.

Thereafter, the water absorbing / draining material 3 and the soilless medium 2 are accommodated in the panel base 1, and the lid 4 is fixed, so that the entire area of the front opening as shown in FIG. Plant B
(FIG. 1 omits some succulent plants B in FIG. 1 for convenience of illustrating the components concealed by the succulent plants B). . Then, as shown in FIG. 7, this green panel A is installed on a vertical wall surface or a steeply-closed vertical wall surface of a building in a place where a water source cannot be secured and maintenance is difficult, such as a noise barrier on a highway. Then, the greening of the wall is performed.

Part of the rainwater flowing from the cut-out portion a of the upper plate 1b of the panel base 1 is temporarily stored in the recess b of the water-absorbing and draining material 3 located immediately below the upper plate 1b, and the water-absorbing and draining material 3
And water is gradually and evenly supplied from the water absorbing and draining material 3 to the soilless medium 2 below. Excess rainwater flows downward from the cutout portion a of the lower plate 1c of the panel base 1 via the water absorbing and draining material 3 located opposite to the lower end surface of the soilless medium 2.

The succulent plant B grown on the soilless medium 2 absorbs a small amount of water permeating the soilless medium 2 and grows. In this case, since the soilless medium 2 is provided with a growth control layer 2B for preventing the decline and growth of the plant and maintaining the initial greening state, the succulent plant B is sensitive to moisture and fertilizer. Even if a plant of the genus Sedum (for example, a plant of the family Crassulaceae), which tends to proliferate immediately, excessive growth of roots and leaves is suppressed, and the initial greening state is maintained for a long time.

That is, in this embodiment, since the growth control layer 2B carries a slow-acting fertilizer and a growth inhibitor, the growth inhibitor suppresses the growth of the roots of the succulent plant B. The growth of above-ground parts (leaves and stems) is suppressed. On the other hand, if there is no fertilizer component, the succulent plant B will decay, but since the slow-acting fertilizer is carried on the soilless medium 2, it is absorbed little by little over a long period of time to prevent plant decay. Is done. As a result, succulent plant B
Will not maintain its initial greening status for a long time without abduction or decline. In addition, since the growth of the roots is suppressed, the roots are not filled in the soilless medium 2 and the soilless medium 2 is not pushed out of the panel substrate 1, and the succulent plant B
The weight increase after the construction due to the apostle is also avoided.

The surface side of the soil-free medium 2 is a support base layer 2A of a plant made of a material having excellent weather resistance, so that deterioration due to sunlight, temperature changes, etc. is prevented for a long time, and the service life is long. Greening panel A.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a non-woven fabric 5a in which a resin-coated fertilizer as a slow-release fertilizer and a growth inhibitor (for example, trifluline) are stuck or sandwiched, and a non-woven fabric 5c in which a water-absorbing polymer is sandwiched, are used for water retention. Sandwiched between felts 5b, 5b of a material having excellent properties, for example, acrylic porous synthetic fiber (acrylic synthetic fiber having voids),
It is characterized in that the growth control layer 2B is constituted by these.

According to this embodiment, the water retention of the soilless medium 2 is further improved. Growth control layer 2
The nonwoven fabrics 5a and 5c and the felt 5b constituting B are bonded to each other to be integrated, but may be simply laminated in a predetermined order. The support base layer 2A and the growth control layer 2B are simply laminated, but
They may be adhered to each other to be integrated. Other configurations are
The description is omitted because it is the same as the previous embodiment.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the support base layer 2A in each of the preceding embodiments is replaced with a felt 5b of acrylic porous synthetic fiber (acrylic synthetic fiber having voids), and the entire thickness of the thin mat-shaped soilless medium 2 is reduced. Is characterized in that it is configured to be the growth control layer 2B. The felt 5b replaced with the support base layer 2A may be simply laminated with another felt 5b or the like, or may be adhered and integrated with each other.
The other configuration is the same as that of the green panel A shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. The greening panel A according to this embodiment is inferior to the greening panel A of FIGS. 4 and 8 in terms of service life, but further improves water retention.

In each of the above embodiments, the growth control layer 2B carries a slow-acting fertilizer and a growth inhibitor. However, the type of the slow-acting fertilizer, the content of the active ingredient, the dissolution rate, Depending on the type of plant, etc., the growth control layer 2B may be configured to carry only a trace amount of the slow-acting fertilizer, which is the minimum necessary to prevent the decline and growth of the plant. In any of these cases, instead of supporting the slow-acting fertilizer, the growth control layer 2B is composed of chitin fibers (fibers of chitin extracted from crab shells), which are effective as a fertilizer in the material itself. You may. According to this embodiment, not only can the use of the slow-acting fertilizer be omitted, but also the antibacterial and antifungal effects of chitin can be obtained. Growth control layer 2 with chitin fiber
In constituting B, a method of applying chitin to the surface of the fiber constituting the growth control layer 2B, a method of kneading chitin into the fiber constituting the growth control layer 2B at the time of production of the fiber, and a method of applying chitin to viscose Any method such as a method of mixing the converted fibers with the fibers constituting the growth control layer 2B can be adopted.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in advance, after growing a succulent plant resistant to drying and high temperature on a thin mat-shaped soilless medium, this thin mat-shaped soilless medium is fitted into the panel base from the front opening, and the lid is attached to the panel base. When the greening panels are installed on the vertical wall of the building or on a steeply near-vertical wall with the fixed soil-free medium prevented from falling off, the succulent plants grown on the soil-free medium will absorb It grows by absorbing the small amount of water that has penetrated into the soilless medium, and the soilless medium is provided with a growth control layer to prevent plant decline and growth and maintain the initial greening situation. Therefore, even if a succulent plant of the genus Sedum, which is sensitive to moisture and fertilizers and tends to grow quickly (for example, a plant of the family Crassulaceae), excessive growth of roots and leaves is suppressed, Solid by charging Also prevents extrusion from the medium of the panel substrate can be maintained for a long time initial greening situation. In addition, the fact that the panel base is a thin rectangular parallelepiped box and the use of a thin mat-shaped soilless medium can realize a thin and lightweight greening panel, and the weight of the plant after construction according to the plant length. Increase is also avoided. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for wall greening in a place where a water source cannot be secured, particularly in a place where maintenance is difficult such as a sound insulation wall of an elevated highway.

In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the surface layer side of the soil-free medium is a support base layer of a plant made of a material having excellent weather resistance, it can be exposed to sunlight, temperature change, or the like. Deterioration is prevented for a long time, and a green panel with a long service life is obtained. Plants to be used may be perennial plants as well as evergreen succulent plants. In this case, the above-ground part will die in winter, but if the surface of the support base layer is lightly shaved, it can be easily removed, and the surface of the support base layer will be removed. Is exposed, but the appearance of the material itself can be ensured and it can be fully greened in spring.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the back plate of the panel base is square, and window-shaped cutouts are formed in each of the upper, lower, left and right side plates, and the cutouts are formed in each of the water absorbing and draining materials. Since the opposing concave portions are formed, the panel base can be used regardless of length and width, and the same shape of the water absorbing and draining material can be used, so that the cost can be reduced by mass production.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted perspective view showing a greening panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining an internal configuration of the greening panel.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the greening panel.

FIG. 4 is a vertical and horizontal cross-sectional view of the greening panel.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a configuration of the greening panel.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wall greening method using the greening panel.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a wall greening method using the greening panel.

FIG. 8 is a vertical and horizontal common sectional view of a greening panel showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical and horizontal common sectional view of a greening panel showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Panel base, 1a ... Back plate, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1
e ... side plate, 2 ... thin mat-shaped soilless medium, 2B ... growth control layer, 3 ... water absorbing and draining material, 4 ... lid body, 4a ... frame body, 4b ... holding wire for preventing soilless medium from dropping, A ... Greening panel, a: window-shaped cutout, b: recess.

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rectangular back plate and rectangular upper, lower, left and right side plates connected to four sides thereof are formed in a thin rectangular parallelepiped box shape with an open front surface, and at least an upper plate and a lower plate are provided. Is a panel substrate having a window-shaped cutout formed therein, a rectangular thin mat-shaped soilless medium accommodated inside the panel substrate, and a rod-shaped suction / drain located along the four circumferential end faces of the soilless medium. A cover body comprising: a frame member detachable from a front opening of the panel base; and a holding wire for preventing the falling of the soilless medium provided at an appropriate interval in the frame body. A greening panel, wherein the medium is provided with a growth control layer for preventing plant decline and growth and maintaining an initial greening state. 2. The greening panel according to claim 1, wherein the growth control layer carries a slow-acting fertilizer and a growth inhibitor. 3. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the soil-free medium comprises a plant support base layer made of a material having excellent weather resistance and a plant growth control layer disposed on the back side thereof. Greening panel as described. 4. The greening panel according to claim 1, wherein said water absorbing and draining material is formed of a porous foam. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein at least an upper part of the water-absorbing material disposed opposite to the upper plate has a concave portion located opposite to a cutout portion of the upper plate. The greening panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. A back plate having a square shape, a window-shaped cutout formed in each of upper, lower, left and right side plates, and a concave portion facing the cutout formed in each of the water absorbing and draining materials. The greening panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: