JP2727328B2 - Ultrasound diagnostic equipment - Google Patents
Ultrasound diagnostic equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2727328B2 JP2727328B2 JP63214252A JP21425288A JP2727328B2 JP 2727328 B2 JP2727328 B2 JP 2727328B2 JP 63214252 A JP63214252 A JP 63214252A JP 21425288 A JP21425288 A JP 21425288A JP 2727328 B2 JP2727328 B2 JP 2727328B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- wave
- memory
- scanning
- point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、二次元アレイを用いた超音波診断装置に関
する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus using a two-dimensional array.
（従来の技術） 従来も二次元アレイを用い三次元情報を得る装置は提
案されていた（例えば特開昭63−99846号公報）が、そ
れらは指向性を持ったビームで空間を走査し各点の情報
を得るものであった。その走査は、１個または数個の素
子を切り替えることによって、あるいは各素子に遅延回
路を挿入し、その遅延時間を素子毎に定められた値に設
定することにより行っている。また、各メモリーアドレ
スは、空間の各点に対応した形で記録されている。(Prior Art) Conventionally, devices for obtaining three-dimensional information using a two-dimensional array have been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-99846). The point information was obtained. The scanning is performed by switching one or several elements, or by inserting a delay circuit into each element and setting the delay time to a value determined for each element. Each memory address is recorded in a form corresponding to each point in the space.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 超音波の送信素子を用い超音波ビームで空間を走査し
たり、超音波の来る方向を調べるために超音波の受信素
子で空間を走査する場合にはそれらの素子を機械的に動
かしたり、多数の素子を用意し走査方向により切り替え
て用いたり、多数の素子と遅延回路を組み合わせ電気的
に指向性を変化させる方法（フェイズドアレイ方式）等
が用いられている。これらの方法では、高価な機械的な
走査機構、あるいは遅延回路を必要とする。また切り替
えて使用する場合には、同時には全素子中の一部のみ働
くため使用効率が低下する。さらに送信と受信素子を兼
用する場合には、物体の側面が見えにくく、また切り替
える場合には高耐圧のマルチプレクサーが必要である。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When a space is scanned by an ultrasonic beam using an ultrasonic transmitting element, or when a space is scanned by an ultrasonic receiving element in order to check the direction in which an ultrasonic wave comes, these are used. A method of mechanically moving the elements, preparing a large number of elements and switching between them according to the scanning direction, and combining a large number of elements with a delay circuit to electrically change the directivity (phased array method) are used. . These methods require expensive mechanical scanning mechanisms or delay circuits. In addition, when switching is used, only a part of all the elements works at the same time, so that the use efficiency is reduced. Furthermore, when the transmitting and receiving elements are used together, the side surface of the object is difficult to see, and when switching, a multiplexer with a high breakdown voltage is required.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は、互いに異なる方向から物体内に超音波の平
面波を送る２つ以上の非走査型超音波送波器、上記２つ
以上の非走査型超音波送波器からの平面波の各々に対す
る反射波の波面を検出する為の二次元アレイ状に配列し
た複数の超音波受信素子、これら複数の超音波受信素子
によって得られた上記２つ以上の非走査型超音波送波器
からの平面波の各々に対する反射波の波面情報を蓄える
メモリー、このメモリー内の波面情報より物体内の各点
における超音波の反射強度を３次元像として再構成する
論理回路、および得られた３次元像を表示する表示装置
からなる超音波診断装置により上記課題を解決した。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides two or more non-scanning ultrasonic transmitters for transmitting a plane wave of ultrasonic waves from different directions into an object, and the two or more non-scanning ultrasonic transmitters. A plurality of ultrasonic receiving elements arranged in a two-dimensional array for detecting a wavefront of a reflected wave with respect to each of the plane waves from the wave device, and the two or more non-scanning types obtained by the plurality of ultrasonic receiving elements A memory for storing wavefront information of reflected waves for each of the plane waves from the ultrasonic transmitter, a logic circuit for reconstructing the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic wave at each point in the object as a three-dimensional image from the wavefront information in the memory, and The above problem has been solved by an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus including a display device for displaying the obtained three-dimensional image.
（作 用） 本発明は、超音波を物体全面に照射し、物体の各点で
反射された超音波波面を２次元アレイ状に配置された超
音波受信素子により検出し、全ての受信素子からの時系
列信号を遅延回路などを通さずに同時にメモリーに取り
込み、それ以後の処理により各点からの反射信号を分離
し、物体の像を再構成する方式である。後述のように、
物体の影ができないように複数の方向より照射したり、
受信素子からの信号の取り込みを同時ではなく、順次に
行うこともできるが、本質は同じである。すなわち、本
発明の場合、送波器や受信素子を走査せず、各々の受信
素子はあらゆる点からの反射を非選択的に受信し、その
信号をメモリーに蓄える。従って、メモリーの各アドレ
スは物体の各点からの信号には対応していない。走査に
相当する各点からの反射の分離は、メモリーに取り込ん
だ信号に対する演算で行われる。(Operation) The present invention irradiates an ultrasonic wave to the entire surface of an object, detects an ultrasonic wave front reflected at each point of the object by an ultrasonic receiving element arranged in a two-dimensional array, and detects all the receiving elements. The time series signals are simultaneously stored in a memory without passing through a delay circuit or the like, and reflected signals from respective points are separated by subsequent processing to reconstruct an image of an object. As described below,
Irradiation from multiple directions to prevent shadows of objects,
The signals from the receiving elements can be fetched sequentially instead of simultaneously, but the essence is the same. That is, in the case of the present invention, the transmitter and the receiving element are not scanned, and each receiving element non-selectively receives the reflection from every point and stores the signal in the memory. Therefore, each address in the memory does not correspond to a signal from each point of the object. Separation of reflection from each point corresponding to scanning is performed by an operation on a signal taken into a memory.
（発明の効果） 本発明によれば、遅延回路、高耐圧の切り替え素子な
どを用いずに影のない三次元的な超音波像を得ることが
できる。また、大面積の音源より平面波を発生させると
s/nの良い像を得ることが出来る。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a three-dimensional ultrasonic image without shadows can be obtained without using a delay circuit, a high-voltage switching element, and the like. Also, when a plane wave is generated from a large area sound source,
A good s / n image can be obtained.
（実施例） 図に、本発明の超音波診断装置の一実施例を説明する
ためのブロック図を示す。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining one embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention.
二次元アレイ状に配置した超音波受信素子１を対象物
体２の正面に置き、受信素子の左右に超音波の平面波を
発生する送波器３、３′を置く。An ultrasonic receiving element 1 arranged in a two-dimensional array is placed in front of a target object 2, and transmitters 3 and 3 'for generating plane waves of ultrasonic waves are placed on the left and right sides of the receiving element.
始め、左側の送波器３とパルス発生器４を接続して、
この送波器３よりパルス波状の超音波を出し、二次元受
信素子１で物体により散乱された波（エコー信号）を受
信し、一旦対数アンプ５により増幅した後A/D変換器６
によりA/D変換を行い、メモリー７に記録する。この受
信を全ての受信素子１について同時に行えば測定時間は
短くなるが、コストを考慮してマルチプレクサー８で受
信素子を切り替えて順次記録する。同様な操作を右側の
送波についても行う。First, connect the transmitter 3 and the pulse generator 4 on the left,
A pulse wave-like ultrasonic wave is emitted from the transmitter 3, a wave (echo signal) scattered by an object is received by the two-dimensional receiving element 1, and once amplified by the logarithmic amplifier 5, the A / D converter 6
A / D conversion is performed, and recorded in the memory 7. If this reception is performed simultaneously for all the receiving elements 1, the measurement time is shortened. However, in consideration of the cost, the receiving elements are switched by the multiplexer 8 and the recording is sequentially performed. A similar operation is performed for the right transmission.
メモリー７に蓄えられた、各受信素子から得られた情
報は、物体の各面からの散乱が混じって記録されてお
り、物体の各位置に対応した散乱強度が記録されている
わけではない。The information obtained from each receiving element and stored in the memory 7 is recorded by mixing the scattering from each surface of the object, and does not necessarily record the scattering intensity corresponding to each position of the object.
従って、三次元像復元回路９により、散乱強度の空間
分布が以下の式に基づいて計算される。Therefore, the spatial distribution of the scattering intensity is calculated by the three-dimensional image restoration circuit 9 based on the following equation.
対象物のある点（座標X0、Y0、Z0）で散乱されたパル
ス波が１番目のセンサー（座標XS1、YS1、ZS1）で検出
される時間は、 で与えられる。The time at which a pulse wave scattered at a certain point (coordinates X 0 , Y 0 , Z 0 ) of the target object is detected by the first sensor (coordinates X S1 , Y S1 , Z S1 ) is: Given by
ここでt1は送波器より発射された波が対象物の着目す
る点に到達するまでの時間、第２項はその点よりｉ番目
のセンサーに到達するまでの時間、ｖはその間の平均音
波である。Here, t 1 is the time required for the wave emitted from the transmitter to reach the point of interest on the object, the second term is the time required to reach the i-th sensor from that point, and v is the average during that time. Sound waves.
送波器よりパルスを発射した時間をｔ＝０とし、ｉ番
目のセンサーより得られたデータをSi（ｔ）とした時、 は、（X0、Y0、Z0）における散乱波をすべて加えたもの
となる。この中には他の点からの散乱波も入っている
が、それらは振幅、移送がランダムに加算されるため、
加算個数ｎ（センサー個数）が多くなるとその影響は に反比例して小さくなる。なお、ｔを求めるときのｖの
値として手前の散乱体の影響を考慮し補正することによ
り精度が向上する。When the time at which the pulse is emitted from the transmitter is t = 0 and the data obtained from the i-th sensor is S i (t), Is the sum of all the scattered waves at (X 0 , Y 0 , Z 0 ). This also contains scattered waves from other points, but since their amplitude and transport are randomly added,
When the number of additions n (the number of sensors) increases, the effect is Smaller in inverse proportion to. The accuracy is improved by correcting the value of v when obtaining t in consideration of the influence of the scatterer in front.
このようにして求めた強度の空間分布を基に、よく知
られている手法で左右像をディスプレイ10上に作り、そ
れぞれ左右の目に見させることにより空間的に立体像を
再現することも可能である。Based on the spatial distribution of intensities obtained in this way, it is also possible to create a left-right image on the display 10 by a well-known method and reproduce the spatial image three-dimensionally by seeing it with the left and right eyes respectively It is.
第１図は、本発明の超音波診断装置の一実施例を説明す
るためのブロック図である。 １……超音波受信素子、 ２……対象物体、 ３、３′……送波器、 ４……パルス発生器、 ５……対数アンプ、 ６……A/D変換器、 ７……メモリー、 ９……三次元像復元回路、 10……ディスプレイ。FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining one embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ultrasonic receiving element, 2 ... Target object, 3, 3 '... Transmitter, 4 ... Pulse generator, 5 ... Logarithmic amplifier, 6 ... A / D converter, 7 ... Memory , 9 ... three-dimensional image restoration circuit, 10 ... display.
Claims (1)
面波を送る２つ以上の非走査型超音波送波器、上記２つ
以上の非走査型超音波送波器からの平面波の各々に対す
る反射波の波面を検出する為の二次元アレイ状に配列し
た複数の超音波受信素子、これら複数の超音波受信素子
によって得られた上記２つ以上の非走査型超音波送波器
からの平面波の各々に対する反射波の波面情報を蓄える
メモリー、このメモリー内の波面情報より物体内の各点
における超音波の反射強度を３次元像として再構成する
論理回路、および得られた３次元像を表示する表示装置
からなる超音波診断装置。1. Two or more non-scanning ultrasonic transmitters for transmitting an ultrasonic plane wave into an object from different directions, respectively, for each of the plane waves from the two or more non-scanning ultrasonic transmitters. A plurality of ultrasonic receiving elements arranged in a two-dimensional array for detecting the wavefront of the reflected wave, and a plane wave from the two or more non-scanning ultrasonic transmitters obtained by the plurality of ultrasonic receiving elements A memory for storing the wavefront information of the reflected wave for each of the above, a logic circuit for reconstructing the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic wave at each point in the object as a three-dimensional image from the wavefront information in the memory, and displaying the obtained three-dimensional image Ultrasound diagnostic device comprising a display device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63214252A JP2727328B2 (en) | 1988-08-29 | 1988-08-29 | Ultrasound diagnostic equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63214252A JP2727328B2 (en) | 1988-08-29 | 1988-08-29 | Ultrasound diagnostic equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0263440A JPH0263440A (en) | 1990-03-02 |
| JP2727328B2 true JP2727328B2 (en) | 1998-03-11 |
Family
ID=16652682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63214252A Expired - Fee Related JP2727328B2 (en) | 1988-08-29 | 1988-08-29 | Ultrasound diagnostic equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2727328B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140282786A1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for providing and uploading content to personalized network storage |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5444375A (en) * | 1977-09-14 | 1979-04-07 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ultrasonic wave reflection system |
-
1988
- 1988-08-29 JP JP63214252A patent/JP2727328B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0263440A (en) | 1990-03-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |