JP2728366B2 - Combustion equipment for polymer materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus, and more particularly to a combustion apparatus for polymer materials such as plastic and vinyl.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, incineration treatment has been performed to dispose of polymer materials, particularly plastics such as styrofoam for packing, and wastes made of polymer materials such as vinyl discarded from a greenhouse. It is well known that burning such a polymer material emits a large amount of black smoke. Therefore, a combustion apparatus has been proposed which incinerates a polymer material without discharging much black smoke.

[0003]

However, each of these devices is a large-scale device, and a small and simple combustion device that can be used by a home or a small business entity does not emit black smoke. It was difficult to incinerate such a polymer material.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact and simple combustion apparatus capable of incinerating waste of a polymer material without generating black smoke.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a hollow body having an open upper end, a first combustion chamber provided at a lower portion of the hollow body for burning a fuel made of a polymer material,
A second combustion chamber provided at an upper portion inside the hollow main body, a bypass flue provided in the second combustion chamber so as to communicate with an upper end opening of the main body, and a bypass flue provided around the bypass flue. A spiral communicating with the upper end opening of the main body, and an air introduction pipe suspended from the main body to supply air to the gas phase combustion region of the second combustion chamber. An air introduction pipe having an air outlet opening to the phase combustion region, and a swirl flow is generated in the gas phase combustion region by the cooperation of the bypass flue and the spiral, and natural convection flows from the air introduction tube. The gist of the present invention is a polymer material combustion apparatus in which air is supplied from the outside of the main body to a gas phase combustion region to promote combustion.

[0006] Preferably, the air inlet pipe has an air outlet directed in the direction of the swirling flow of the gas phase combustion zone in the second combustion chamber. The flow of air sucked by convection from the air inlet pipe promotes a swirling flow in the gas phase combustion region.

Further, there is provided air adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air supplied to the first combustion chamber. The combustion condition is optimized by adjusting the combustion or thermal decomposition of the polymer material in the first combustion chamber by the air adjusting means, and thereby adjusting the flow rate of the flammable gas flowing into the second combustion chamber. It becomes possible.

[0008]

1 and 2 show a polymer material combustion apparatus 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The combustion device 10 has a hollow, substantially cylindrical main body with an open upper end. The main body is formed of a lower first portion 10a and an upper second portion 10b. A plurality of legs 28 are provided at a lower portion of the main body to prevent the combustion device 10 from overturning. In addition, a canopy 10c is provided at the upper end of the main body so as to allow the opening to be ventilated. The shape of the main body does not have to be substantially cylindrical, but may be, for example, a hollow main body having an octagonal or other polygonal cross section.

A grate 30 is disposed substantially horizontally between the first portion 10a and the second portion 10b inside the combustion device 10. The first combustion chamber 12 is formed below the grate 30, and the second combustion chamber 12 is formed above the grate 30.
Combustion chamber 14 is formed. The upper part of the second combustion chamber 14 has a hollow conical shape and serves as a gas phase combustion region 16 in which gas phase combustion is mainly performed. A swirling section 18 is provided above the gas phase combustion region 16.

A first fuel inlet 2 is provided in the first portion 10a.
The first fuel inlet 24 supplies wastes made of a polymer material such as plastic or vinyl to the first combustion chamber 12. The first fuel inlet 24 can be closed by closing doors 24a, 24b. In the embodiment shown, each of the closure doors 24a, 24b is hingedly attached to the first portion 10a of the body.
The one closing door 24b is provided with an air adjusting port 24c as adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the air supplied to the first combustion chamber 12. The air control port 24c is
By adjusting the opening area, the amount of air supplied to the first combustion chamber can be adjusted.

A second fuel inlet 2 is provided in the second portion 10b.
A general waste 6 such as wood or paper is supplied to the second combustion chamber 12 from the second fuel inlet 26. The second fuel inlet 26 can be closed by closing doors 26a, 26b. In the embodiment shown, the closing door 26a,
Each of the 246 is hingedly attached to the second portion 10b of the body.

The swirling portion 18 comprises a hollow cylindrical bypass flue 18a and a spiral 18b. Bypass flue 18a
Is fixed to the upper portion of the second portion 10b so that its central axis is substantially vertical, and the spiral 18b is formed so as to surround the bypass flue 18a in a helical shape. The swirling part 18, that is, the bypass flue 18a and the spiral 18b are opened upward, and the upper end of the swirling part 18 forms an opening at the upper end of the main body of the combustion device 10.

On the outer peripheral portion of the second portion 10b, as air supply means for supplying air to the second combustion chamber 14,
A plurality of air introduction pipes 22 are provided. Air introduction pipe 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a cylindrical pipe whose upper part is curved inward, and as shown in the figure, the upper end part is fixed to the lower part of the gas phase part 10c and hangs substantially vertically downward. Air inlet tube 22
The opening at the lower end of the combustion device 1 is an air suction port 22a.
0. An opening at the upper end of the air introduction pipe 22 is an air outlet 22 b and is provided in the gas phase combustion region 16 of the combustion device 10. Further, the air outlet 22
b is directed in the swirling direction of the combustion product gas in the second combustion chamber 14, in particular, in the gas phase combustion region 16, as described later.

Next, the operation of the above-described embodiment will be described.
The closing doors 24a and 24b of the first fuel inlet 24 are opened, and waste made of a polymer material such as plastic or vinyl is introduced into the first combustion chamber 12 from the first fuel inlet 24. After the waste of the polymer material is introduced into the first combustion chamber 12, the closing doors 24a and 24b are closed. In parallel with this, the closing door 26a of the second fuel inlet 26,
26 b is opened, and general waste such as wood and paper is introduced into the second combustion chamber 14 from the second fuel inlet 26. After the municipal waste is introduced into the second combustion chamber 14, the ignition
Is ignited. After the ignition of the municipal waste in the second combustion chamber 14 is confirmed, the closing doors 26a, 26b
Is closed.

At the beginning of combustion, the second combustion chamber 14
Waste from the air conditioning port 2 of the first fuel input port 24
Combustion is carried out by air supplied from 4c through the first combustion chamber 12 and the grate 30. And at this time the first
Does not ignite the waste of the polymer material in the combustion chamber 12. However, as the combustion of general waste in the second combustion chamber 14 progresses, the temperature inside the second combustion chamber 14 increases. Due to this temperature rise, the rising speed of the air inside the second combustion chamber 14 increases, and the pressure inside the second combustion chamber 14 decreases. The amount of air sucked into the second combustion chamber 14 increases. At the same time, the radiant heat from the second combustion chamber 14 gradually heats the polymer material waste, starts thermal decomposition, and ignites the polymer material waste. In addition,
It goes without saying that the fuel of the polymer material in the first combustion chamber 12 may be directly ignited.

As the temperature inside the combustion device 10 rises, the amount of combustible gas generated by the thermal decomposition of polymer material waste and general waste increases. This burns in the gas phase combustion region 16 by air sucked from the air introduction pipe 22. Thus, the amount of gas generated and the amount of air taken in with the progress of combustion increases, so that the flow velocity of the combustion gas increases. Further, since the gaseous phase combustion region 16 in the upper part of the second combustion chamber 14 is formed in a thin and conical shape upward, the combustion product gas passing therethrough is accelerated. The pressure in the gas phase combustion zone 16 decreases.

The combustion gas passes through the swirl section 18 following the gas-phase combustion zone 16, and is exhausted from the opening at the upper end. As the combustion gas passes through the swirl 18, a part of the combustion gas passes through a hollow cylindrical flue 18a, and the remaining combustion gas passes through a spiral 18b. The combustion gas passing through the spiral 18b
As shown by the arrow in FIG. By turning the outlet 22b of the air introduction pipe 22 in the turning direction shown by the arrow, the turning of the combustion gas is promoted.

The swirling action by the air sucked from the air introduction pipe 22 and the smoke removing action of the black smoke from the waste of the polymer material are caused by the air control port 24 c provided in the first combustion input port 24. Optimized by adjusting That is, when the air control port 24c is widely opened, the first combustion chamber 1
2, the combustion of the polymer material is promoted and the amount of combustible gas generated therefrom increases, but the air supplied from below the grate 30 increases. Therefore, the flow rate of air supplied from the air introduction pipe 22 in the swirl direction in the gas phase region 16 decreases. Therefore, the turning action is reduced. The flow rate of the combustible gas increases, the air flow rate to the gas-phase combustion region 16 decreases, and the generation of black smoke increases because the swirling action is reduced.

Conversely, if the opening area of the air control port 24c is too small, the flow rate of air supplied to the first combustion chamber 12 decreases, and the rate of burning or pyrolysis of polymer waste material decreases. I do. Therefore, the amount of combustible gas supplied from here decreases. On the other hand, since the air flow rate from the lower side of the grate 30 decreases, the air flow rate from the air introduction pipe 22 increases. Accordingly, the temperature of the gas phase combustion region 16 decreases,
The temperature level of the entire combustion device 10 decreases. As a result, the flow velocity of the air passing through the swirling portion 18 is reduced, so that the swirling action is reduced. Therefore, the effect of promoting the combustion in the gas phase combustion region is reduced, and the generation of black smoke is increased. In this way, by adjusting the opening area of the air adjusting port 24c, the amount of air supplied to the first combustion chamber 12 can be optimized, and complete combustion can be performed without generating black smoke. In other words, by adjusting the opening area of the air adjusting port 24c, the first gas is adjusted so as to be balanced with the gas phase combustion speed in the gas phase combustion region 16.
Of the combustion chamber 12 in the combustion chamber 12 can be adjusted.

The above-described swirling action is also propagated to the region of the combustion gas that has not reached the swirling portion 18 in the gas-phase combustion region 16 due to the viscosity of the combustion product gas in the gas-phase combustion region 16. The entire gas phase in region 16 swirls. The hollow bypass flue 18a does not directly swirl the gas in the gas-phase combustion region 16; however, a part of the combustion gas is exhausted from the bypass flue 18a, so that the combustion in the gas-phase combustion region 16 is reduced. The flow velocity of the gas is increased, and the turning action of the spiral 18b is promoted. That is, the bypass flue 18
a by appropriately selecting the inner diameter of a.
The swirling of the combustion gas in 6 is optimized.

As described above, the entire combustion gas in the gas phase combustion region 16 turns while being accelerated, so that the mixing of the combustible gas in the gas phase combustion region 16 and the air from the air introduction pipe 22 is promoted. You. Since the mixing of the combustible gas and the air is promoted, the gas phase combustion in the gas phase combustion region 16 is promoted, and the black smoke from the polymer material waste is completely burned. Furthermore, as long as the entire combustion device 10 is not sufficiently hot immediately after the start of combustion, the waste of the polymer material in the first combustion chamber 12 is not ignited or the combustion is not progressing. Since the amount of combustible gas or black smoke generated by the thermal decomposition of the polymer material is small, the second combustion chamber 14
Within these, it is possible to burn them completely. Further, even if the general waste deposited in the second combustion chamber 14 finishes burning before the burning of the polymer material waste in the first combustion chamber 12 finishes, the combustion apparatus 1
After the temperature of the entire gas becomes sufficiently high, the gaseous combustion region 16
So that the turning operation at
By adjusting the air flow rate to the first combustion chamber 12 with c, black smoke can be completely burned.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, the polymer material combustion apparatus according to the present invention incinerates polymer material waste without generating black smoke even if it does not have a special power unit. It is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combustion apparatus for polymer materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the polymer material combustion device shown in FIG. However, in FIG. 2, the turning portion is not shown in a cross section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Combustion apparatus for polymeric materials 10a ... 1st part 10b ... 2nd part 12 ... 1st combustion chamber 14 ... 2nd combustion chamber 18 ... Revolving part 18a ... Bypass flue 18b ... Spiral 22 ... Air introduction Pipe 22a: air inlet 22b: air outlet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/50 ZAB F23G 5/50 ZABH F23L 9/02 ZAB F23L 9/02 ZAB

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hollow main body having an open upper end, a first combustion chamber provided at a lower portion of the hollow main body for burning a fuel made of a polymer material, and a first combustion chamber provided at an upper portion inside the hollow main body. And the second combustion chamber is provided in the second combustion chamber so as to communicate with the upper opening of the main body.
The bypass flue is provided around the bypass flue.
In order to supply air to the communicating spiral and the gas phase combustion zone of the second combustion chamber,
An air inlet pipe suspended from the outside of the main body;
It has an air outlet opening to the indoor gas phase combustion area
An air introduction pipe is provided, and the bypass flue and the spiral cooperate to form a gas phase combustion region.
A swirling flow is generated, and natural convection from the air introduction pipe
Air is supplied to the gas phase combustion area from outside the body to promote combustion.
Aiming polymeric material for combustion devices. 2. An air introducing pipe is provided for gas-phase fuel in the second combustion chamber.
With air outlets directed in the direction of the swirl flow in the firing zone
Combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is. 3. A supply amount of air into the first combustion chamber.
2. An air conditioner for adjusting air pressure according to claim 1.
On-board combustion device .