JP2729461B2 - Heat exchange equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger in which a water absorption pipe is disposed in an exhaust passage from a combustion device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 7, a gas burner (3) and a two-stage heat exchanger (1) are combined as a heat exchange device for improving heat exchange efficiency from combustion exhaust gas. There are things. The heat exchanger (1) is composed of a water pipe (11), a number of fins (12) (12) provided on the outer periphery thereof, and a can (6) for accommodating these. The heat exchanger (1) has a main heat exchange section (1a) downstream of the water pipe (11), which mainly absorbs the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3), and a water pipe (11) arranged below it. The upstream side mainly comprises a sub heat exchange section (1b) for absorbing the latent heat of the combustion exhaust gas of the gas burner (3). Then, below the heat exchanger (1), the heat exchanger
A drain outlet (8) is provided for discharging drain adhering to (1) to the outside.

[0003] The flame hole of the gas burner (3) is set downward so that the main heat exchange part (1a) is located near the flame formation area. And the gas burner
Combustion air is forcibly supplied to (3) by the fan (4), so that the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner passes through the main and sub heat exchange sections (1a) and (1b). Thereafter, the air is discharged to the outside through an exhaust pipe (21) below the exhaust pipe (21).

In this apparatus, when the gas burner (3) is burned to supply tap water from the water pipe (11) located on the side of the sub heat exchange section (1b), the water flow in the water pipe (11) becomes Gas burner (3)
The heat generated is absorbed by the water pipe (11) and the fins (12) and (12), and is taken out as hot water from the main heat exchange section (1a). The exchange section (1a) mainly absorbs the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3), and the sub heat exchange section (1b) mainly condenses the water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3). The latent heat is absorbed. That is, in the sub heat exchange section (1b), sensible heat is deprived and the cooled combustion exhaust is cooled to a temperature equal to or lower than its dew point to generate drain, and the latent heat at that time is used as the sub heat exchange section (1b). In this case, heat is absorbed by the water flowing in the water pipe (11). And the sub heat exchange section (1b)
The drain adhering to the sub heat exchange section (1
It is dropped below b) and discharged outside through the drain outlet (8). In this case, since not only the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas but also the latent heat is positively absorbed in the heat exchange section, there is an advantage that the thermal efficiency is improved.

[0005] However, in this case, the thermal efficiency cannot be sufficiently improved yet. The combustion exhaust gas sent to the heat exchanger (1) passes through the water pipe in the heat exchanger (1).
All of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3) does not come into contact with the upper surface of the water pipe (11) because the gas flows equally into the portion (11) and the distance between the water pipes. In addition, water pipe (11)
Because the lower side of the
On the lower surface side, the combustion exhaust becomes stagnant, and fresh combustion exhaust does not flow into this portion. From these facts, all of the combustion exhaust does not effectively contact the water pipe (11) to exchange heat, and in this respect, the thermal efficiency cannot be sufficiently improved.

[0008] The same disadvantage as described above also occurs in a type in which a heat exchanger mountain is disposed downstream of a combustion exhaust passage above a gas burner (3), as shown in FIG. 8. The present invention relates to such a “heat exchange device having a configuration in which a plurality of heat-absorbing water pipes (11) are provided in parallel at intervals in the width direction of an exhaust passage from a combustion device extending downward”. It is an object of the present invention to improve thermal efficiency and facilitate discharge of generated drain.

[0007]

The technical means of the present invention taken for solving the above-mentioned problem is as follows: The first means for collecting the combustion exhaust gas on the upstream surface of the exhaust flow for each of the water pipes (11). Exhaust concentrating means (A), and second exhaust concentrating means (B) for collecting and discharging the combustion exhaust from the first exhaust concentrating means (A) to the downstream surface of the exhaust flow in the water pipe (11). The combustion exhaust is guided along the sectional side wall of the water pipe (11) between the first exhaust concentrating means (A) and the second exhaust concentrating means (B). Exhaust guide means (C), and each of the exhaust guide means (C)
A predetermined portion is disposed so as to be in close contact with the inner wall of the exhaust passage or another exhaust guide means (C), and a portion for discharging drain is provided above each of the predetermined portions of the exhaust guide means (C). The through-hole (55) was formed. "

[0008]

The above technical means of the present invention operates as follows. The combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion device comes into contact with the water pipe (11), and the amount of heat in the combustion exhaust gas is exchanged with the water in the water pipe (11). At this time, the first exhaust concentration means (A)
As shown in the conceptual view of FIG. 1 corresponding to the second exhaust concentration means (B), not only the combustion exhaust flowing toward each water pipe (11), but also the combustion exhaust supplied to a portion further away therefrom. By the first exhaust concentrating means (A)
Collected in part 1). That is, the combustion exhaust is collected toward the surface of the water pipe (11) facing the upstream side of the exhaust flow,
As a result, the combustion exhaust is intensively blown to the surface of the water pipe (11). The combustion exhaust blown from the first exhaust concentrating means (A) to the surface of the water pipe (11) flows through the water pipe (11) and then flows through the second exhaust concentrating means (B). The back of the water pipe (11),
That is, after being collected on the downstream surface of the exhaust flow in the water pipe (11), it is discharged. As described above, the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion device is blown to the upstream surface of the water pipe (11), flows from the side surface to the downstream surface, and then concentrates from the downstream surface of the exhaust flow. Will be discharged. From this, according to the above technical means,
The amount of combustion exhaust coming into contact with the water pipe (11) increases,
Further, the contact time between the exhaust stream and the water pipe (11) becomes longer.

[0009]

Further, an exhaust guide means (C) for guiding the combustion exhaust gas along the sectional side wall of each water pipe (11) is provided as a first means.
Since the exhaust gas concentrating means (A) and the second exhaust gas concentrating means (B) are disposed on opposite sides of the cross section of the water pipe (11), as shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG. (A)
Is supplied to the upstream end of the exhaust guide means (C), and the exhaust guide means (C) and the water pipe (11) are reliably contacted along the side surface of the water pipe (11). ) Flows toward the downstream end. Moreover, since each of the exhaust guide means (C) is disposed so as to be in close contact with the inner wall of the exhaust passage or the other exhaust guide means (C),
All exhaust streams are guided by the exhaust guide means (C) to the lateral surfaces of each water pipe (11).

[0011]

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the present invention has the following specific effects. Since all the combustion exhaust gas comes into contact with the water pipe (11) and the contact time between the exhaust stream and the water pipe (11) becomes longer, the heat efficiency of the heat exchange device is improved. further,
Since the exhaust holes (55) are formed in each of the exhaust guides (C), there is no danger that the generated drain will stay.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the present invention is applied to a water heater provided with a heat exchanger (1) having a function of condensing combustion exhaust gas and absorbing the latent heat. In this device, a can body (6) constituting a heat exchanger (1) is provided at the bottom of the water heater body,
An air supply box (7) having a gas burner (3) of a perforated plate type on the upper part of the can body (6) and an air supply chamber (42) on the upper part is provided. A gas nozzle (31) faces the air supply chamber (42), and a fan is provided above the air supply chamber (42).
(4) is provided. An exhaust pipe (21) is connected to the lower end opening of the heat exchanger (1).

The heat exchanger (1) mainly includes a gas burner (3)
A main heat exchange section (1a) that absorbs the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas, and a sub heat exchange section (1b) that is disposed below and mainly absorbs the latent heat of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3). Yes,
One main heat exchange section (1a) is composed of a water pipe (11) provided with annular fins (12), (12), and the other sub heat exchange section (1b) is a main heat exchange section of the water pipe (11). The configuration is such that annular fins (12) and (12) are provided on the upstream side of the exchange part (1a). The drain generated in the sub heat exchange section (1b) is discharged to the outside from a drain outlet (8) below the can (6).

In this embodiment, the water pipe (11) in the main heat exchange section (1a) is composed of three stages, each stage being curved in a meandering manner in two rows or three rows. Secondary heat exchange section
The water pipe (11) of (1b) has a single-stage configuration curved in a meandering manner in three horizontal rows. And the water pipe (11) on the side of the sub heat exchange section (1b)
Tap water is supplied from the (bottom part of the water pipe (11)) and the water pipe (11) on the main heat exchange part (1a) side (the top part of the water pipe (11)).
I try to take hot water out of it.

Guide plates (5) (5) having an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the cross section of the water pipe (11) in the sub heat exchange section (1b).
Are arranged concentrically with the fins (12) and (12), and a predetermined interval is formed between the fins (12) and (12) and the guide plates (5) and (5). . Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper end and the lower end of a pair of guide plates (5) surrounding the water pipe (11) are spaced apart from each other by a distance smaller than the outer diameter of the water pipe (11). So that the opening is located above the water pipe (11).
(51) and (51) are formed, and open portions (52) and (52) are formed below the water pipe (11). The vertical center portions of the guide plates (5) formed into an arc-shaped cross section, and the center portions and the inner wall of the can (6) are designed to substantially block the flow of combustion exhaust gas. Close. Each guide plate (5) is provided with a plurality of through holes (55) (55) slightly above the center in the vertical direction.

Therefore, when forced air is supplied from the fan (4) and gas is supplied from the gas nozzle (31) to burn the gas burner (3), tap water is supplied from the lowermost part of the water pipe (11). Gas burner similar to the conventional one
The combustion exhaust gas generated in (3) is the main heat exchange section of the heat exchanger (1).
(1a) → the sub heat exchange section (1b) → the exhaust pipe (21) and discharged to the outside. On the other hand, the water flow in the water pipe (11) of the main heat exchange section (1a) and the sub heat exchange section (1b) is based on the heat generated by the gas burner (3).
The water is absorbed from (11) and the fins (12) and (12), and is taken out from the uppermost part of the water pipe (11) as hot water. In this endothermic action, the action of absorbing the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas burner (3) is mainly performed in the main heat exchange section (1a).
In the sub heat exchange section (1b), the action of mainly condensing the combustion exhaust gas of the gas burner (3) and absorbing the latent heat thereof is performed.
That is, in the sub heat exchange section (1b), the sensible heat is deprived and the cooled combustion exhaust is cooled below its dew point temperature to generate drain, and the latent heat at that time is converted into the sub heat exchange section (1b). ) Is absorbed by the water flowing in the water pipe (11).

At this time, the open portions (51) (5) above the water pipe (11)
Except for 1), since the guide plates (5) and (5) are in close contact with each other, the combustion exhaust gas sent to the sub heat exchange unit (1b) is:
The water flows intensively from the open portions (51) and (51), is brought into contact with the upper surface of the water pipe, and is formed between the guide plates (5) and (5), the water pipe (11) and the fins (12) and (12). Flows in between. Then, since the shapes of the guide plates (5) and (5) are arc-shaped in cross section, the space between the guide plates (5) and (5) and the water pipe (11) is the same as that of the water pipe (11). Since it is formed in a shape that follows the external shape, the combustion exhaust is
It will surely flow along the outer peripheral surface such as (11). Then, the combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the open portion (52) (52) below the water pipe (11).
At this time, and intensively contacts the lower surface of the water pipe (11). Therefore, in the embodiment, the auxiliary heat exchange section (1b) in the auxiliary heat exchange section (1b) by the effective contact action over the entire circumference of the combustion exhaust water pipe (11) and the fins (12) (12) as described above. In this method, the combustion gas is condensed without waste, thereby improving the thermal efficiency. Due to this condensation, drain is generated in the sub heat exchange section (1b), but the drain attached to the water pipe (11) and the fins (12) (12) passes through the open sections (52) and (52). Drain dripped below it, and the drain attached to the upper part of the outer wall of the guide plates (5) (5) enters through the through holes (55) (55),
Since the water flows downward from the open portions (52) and (52), the drain does not stay in the sub heat exchange portion (1b). In the above embodiment, the upper half of the guide plates (5) and (5) installed in the can body (6) corresponds to the first exhaust concentration means (A) described in the section of the technical means described above. At the same time, the lower half of the guide plates (5) and (5) corresponds to the second exhaust concentrating means (B), while the entire guide plates (5) and (5) correspond to the exhaust guide means (C).

The above embodiment can be modified as follows. . In the above embodiment, each guide plate (5) is formed in an arc-shaped cross section. However, it may be formed in a "L-shaped" cross section as shown in FIG. In such a case as well, the upper half of the guide plates (5) and (5) installed in the can body (6) is the first half of the technical means described above.
The lower half of the guide plates (5) and (5) correspond to the second exhaust concentrator (B), while the entire guide plates (5) and (5) correspond to the exhaust guide (C). Equivalent to.

As shown in FIG. 6, the corrugated plates (5a) and (5a) are
It may be provided on both sides of the cross section of the water pipe (11) in the sub heat exchange section (1b). In this case, the combustion exhaust collides with the uneven surfaces of the corrugated plates (5a), (5a) and is collected on the water pipe (11) side, thereby improving the thermal efficiency. In this case, the upper half of the corrugated plates (5a) and (5a) corresponds to the first exhaust concentrating means (A), and the lower half corresponds to the second exhaust concentrating means (B). . The present invention is a heat exchanger of the type mainly absorbing sensible heat in the main heat exchange section (1a) and mainly absorbing latent heat in the sub heat exchange section (1b), as well as the main heat exchange section (1a). It is also applicable to a type that absorbs only sensible heat and absorbs mainly latent heat in the sub heat exchange section (1b). In any case, the main heat exchange section (1
The present invention may be implemented in a). . In the above embodiment, the water pipe (11) is bent in a meandering shape so as to have a four-stage configuration, in which the lowest stage is the sub heat exchange unit (1b) and the other three stages are the main heat exchange unit. (1a), but depending on the sensible heat absorption capacity of the main heat exchange part (1a), the sub-flow pipe (11b) of the sub heat exchange part (1b), which absorbs latent heat, There are multiple stages.

When the sub heat exchange section (1b) is constructed in a plurality of stages as described above, water may be supplied from the water pipe (11) of the second or third stage from the bottom. Also, including the case of the above embodiment, the hot water may be taken out from the second or third stage from the top. . In the above embodiment, the fan (4) is provided on the side of the air supply passage, but may be provided on the side of the exhaust passage (21). . In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a water heater, but the present invention can also be applied to a heat exchanger such as a heater that circulates heated water, in addition to the water heater. In any of the above cases, the heat exchanger included in the heat exchange device may be a type having only a function of absorbing sensible heat in the combustion exhaust gas. . In order to allow the drain to smoothly fall from the open portions (52), (52), a hanging piece may be hung from the lower edge of the guide plates (5), (5) around the open portions (52), (52).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a first exhaust concentration means (A) and a second exhaust concentration means (B) of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a first exhaust concentrating means (A), a second exhaust concentrating means (B) and an exhaust guiding means (C) of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of guide plates (5) and (5).

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of another example of the guide plates (5) and (5).

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a corrugated plate (5a) (5a).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (11) ... water pipe (A) ... first exhaust concentrating means (B) ... second exhaust concentrating means (C) ... exhaust guiding means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location F28F 17/00 501 F28F 17/00 501A

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat-absorbing water pipes (11) are provided in parallel in the width direction of an exhaust passage extending from a combustion apparatus extending downward. A first exhaust concentrating means (A) for collecting combustion exhaust gas on the upstream surface of the exhaust flow for each of (11);
A second means for collecting and discharging the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust concentration means (A) on the downstream surface of the exhaust flow in the water pipe (11);
The exhaust gas concentrating means (B) is disposed on both sides of the cross section of the water pipe (11) so as to face each other, and the cross section side wall of the water pipe (11) is provided between the first exhaust gas concentrating means (A) and the second exhaust gas concentrating means (B). Exhaust guide means (C) for guiding the combustion exhaust along the exhaust gas passage, and each of the exhaust guide means (C) is in close contact with the inner wall of the exhaust passage or another exhaust guide means (C) at a predetermined portion. A heat exchange device, wherein a drain hole (55) for drain discharge is formed in a portion above each of the predetermined portions of the exhaust guide means (C).