JP2734974B2 - Centering method and apparatus for outer peripheral processing surface of pipe - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a centering device and a method thereof,
Particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method which are most suitable for centering in processing an outer peripheral surface of a pipe such as a deformed pipe which has a limit in axis accuracy because it is not a straight pipe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The need to machine the outer peripheral surface of a tube over a certain range is encountered in various cases. For example, a groove process in which the end face of a steel pipe is cut obliquely to form a V-shaped or U-shaped groove for welding, a centrifugal cast iron pipe, or a deformed pipe is spliced with another pipe to form a pipeline. For this reason, there are a wide variety of modes, such as an insertion process for processing an insertion portion of a pipe over a certain length. In this case, if the pipe body is a standard steel pipe such as extruded or drawn mass-produced in a steel mill, the roundness of the pipe is accurately maintained, so the pipe axis is automatically detected without any special problems. Although it can be processed continuously by processing means linked to the above, it can be said that it was manufactured by mounting it on a large-diameter welded steel pipe formed into a desired size and shape by plastically deforming a steel plate with a bending roller etc. In the case of a cast pipe body in which it is difficult to avoid a slight variation in the size and shape of the casting, a procedure of centering cannot be omitted in order to absorb the variation and perform appropriate processing.

[0003] Since there is a great deal of difference between the centering method of the pipe and the apparatus therefor depending on the type of the pipe itself and the purpose of processing,
Generally speaking, even if there is some good conventional technology,
There is a feature that it is almost impossible to divert if the pipe type is different. For example, in the case of a deformed pipe, the axis of the pipe is centered and maintained horizontally on the surface plate, and the open end face of the outer peripheral surface to be processed is placed in a posture facing the tool post for processing in parallel,
This end face is regarded as vertical, and is used as a temporary reference plane, and temporary centering is performed using a toscan or a dial gauge. Based on this centering, rough processing was started.In the middle of the processing, the processing was temporarily interrupted and the level difference between the as-cast outer peripheral surface and the processed surface was checked. In addition, if the machining is performed as it is, the cutting amount locally becomes excessively large and the wall thickness is likely to be insufficient, a two-stage procedure of re-centering and correcting is required. If such a work procedure is inevitable, even if the processing itself is to adopt a high-performance NC processing machine to shorten the processing time and save labor, the setup procedure before that becomes a bottleneck, It becomes difficult to make full use of the functions, and in the end, it becomes the biggest obstacle to executing the rationalization of machining.

[0004] Such a complicated centering and an inefficient machining process which is compelled due to such complicated centering are caused by the fact that the provisional reference itself that the machining end face of the deformed pipe is always perpendicular to the pipe axis is not reliable. This means that the outer peripheral surface of the deformed pipe is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, and then molded.Then, the two are stacked and molded using a unified mold. Since it is inevitably affected by many complicated and individually changing factors such as errors when stacking molds, dimensional errors of the core, falling during core storage, irregular warpage during solidification, deformation, etc. This is because it is difficult to guarantee that the end face of the deformed pipe and the pipe axis are in an accurate orthogonal relationship. This is an example, but in addition to the centering in the normal sense of aligning the center of the outer peripheral processing surface with the center of the tool post for processing, the processing is performed to a certain length in the axial direction. When carried out over a wide range, adjustment for maintaining an accurate right-angled relationship between the pipe outer peripheral processing surface and the pipe axis becomes indispensable. Many solutions to such a problem cannot be found even in the related art relating to centering which has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-66664 shown in FIG. 4 is a centering device for forming a groove for welding on a pipe end face, and a processing surface of a pipe body is provided at a position facing a rotating swivel M. The centering fitting 100 includes a tube support 101 and a pair of V-blocking stoppers 102 supported thereon so as to be slidable in a direction parallel to the turning direction. If the center of the tubular body and the center of the turning table are made to coincide with each other by the movement of the stopper metal, one requirement for machining centering in three directions of X, Y, and Z is satisfied. Next, the centering movable mechanism 200 is set at a certain distance, but this mechanism also supports the fixing member 20 by sandwiching and fixing the tubular body with the V block.
1 and an air caster 202 for raising and lowering the support, and an induction motor (not shown) for moving the support in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In other words, it is stated that the operation of this device enables the centering of the end face of the tube body as the processing surface with respect to the rotation of the blade and the correction of the inclination angles θ and φ in the axial direction, thereby enabling accurate centering.

[0006]

There are many types of pipes to be centered, and even if a certain device is effective for a particular case, it can be applied to other cases. Not necessarily. Rather, it is often more effective to solve the problem by developing a device unique to each product type on a case-by-case basis. Even in the cited prior art, if the pipe is a large-sized welded steel pipe and the number of machining is limited and a large number of small-quantity products, the benefits are clearly expected compared to the conventional method and a certain evaluation can be made. However, when the object to be centered is not a straight pipe but a deformed pipe with an unstable shape, and it is a mass-produced product with a large number of centering pieces, it has a function that can respond continuously in a continuous flow work It is hard to say that there is.

[0007] In addition, due to the nature of the deformed pipe in mass production, if the intention is to introduce an automatic processing machine in order to streamline the processing itself automatically and efficiently in the same way as casting, the NC processing machine and the like are not equipped with an automatic processing machine. In general, the tool has a centering function that matches the center of the tool post with the center of the outer surface of the tube, so if this function is used, the conditions are completely different from those of the prior art cited, It has to be said that a huge driving device for raising and lowering an object is excessively lost. The object of the present invention is not to center the tool and the outer peripheral processing surface, but to correct the variation between the outer peripheral processing surface and the axis to an accurate posture and appropriately perform the outer peripheral processing over a certain length. The purpose of the present invention is to provide centering for realizing an improvement in appearance value and dimensional accuracy of a product.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is applied to a pipe having a different diameter and a large number of pipes, especially a pipe having an unstable shape such as a deformed pipe. It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device for centering and correcting the correct relationship of a tube axis to a surface.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for centering a pipe outer peripheral processing surface. The pipe of a pipe body T is placed on a pallet surface plate P whose position can be freely changed on a surface plate B of an NC machine. The axis A is temporarily placed at a position where the end face of the outer peripheral surface to be processed is opened in a direction opposite to the tool post in a direction opposite to the tool post, and from the center of the centering jig 2 attached to the layout machine 1 facing the opening face. Four linear gauge sensors 2 that protrude evenly in the circumferential direction
1 toward the center by urging the contact terminal 28 at the tip
After it is shortened and inserted into the pipe body of the opening plane, it is pressed against and extends <br/> inner surface of each of the contact terminals 28 from the central side by solving the biasing force <br/>, the contact pressure Jig 2 by moving the layout machine 1 three-dimensionally so that
The linear gauge sensor 21 is further advanced in the tube axis direction into the tube while maintaining the posture, and the contact pressure of each contact terminal 28 after the adjustment is uniform.
The above problem was solved by adjusting the tube axis direction by tilting the tube so that the condition is maintained.

An apparatus used only for carrying out the above-mentioned method includes a base 12 protruding from a side surface of an oppositely facing surface plate opposite to a tool rest of the NC processing machine and a surface plate B.
The columnar layout machine 1 is erected upright so that it can traverse freely.
The layout machine 1 is provided with a vertical
Attachment mounting part 11 so that it can move freely in the horizontal direction
The above-mentioned problem is solved by a mechanism in which a cross-shaped attachment main body 22 in which a linear gauge sensor 21 is movably fitted to the distal end in the circumferential direction of the attachment mounting portion 11 is engaged.

More specifically, in this configuration, the centering jig 2
Is an attachment body 22 composed of an annular circumferential portion 23 and a straight portion 24 that divides the circumference into four parts and crosses in a cross shape;
A linear gauge sensor 21 mounted on a mounting bracket 26 which is removably slidable in a sliding groove 25 cut in the longitudinal direction of the linear portion 24, and is connected to the linear gauge sensor 21 via a spindle 27 so as to be extendable and contractible. An embodiment comprising a roller probe 28 as the contact terminal to be used is highly preferred.

[0012]

[Function] In the NC processing machine, the tool post and the layout machine 1 face each other with the fixed surface plate B interposed therebetween, and the pallet surface plate P mounted on the surface plate B can be freely moved back and forth and left and right on the surface plate B. You can change the position. A pipe T is temporarily placed sideways on a pallet surface plate P, the axis of which is oriented in the horizontal direction, and the outer peripheral processing surface of the pipe is opened in the direction opposite to the tool post. In order to place the tube on the pallet surface plate P, it is common to wind a wire rope around the tube, which is the workpiece, and move from a standby position. In this state, both ends are hung on a hook such as a hoist or crane and suspended, and the wire rope is loosened to transfer the weight to the surface plate. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the centering jig supported by the layout machine 1 approaches the end face S of the outer peripheral processing surface opened in this posture, and urges the contact terminal 28 at the tip. When the contact terminal 28 is opened inside, the front end presses against the inner periphery of the end face. The position of the attachment body supporting the linear gauge sensor 21 is adjusted so that the contact pressure at the tip is equal at any of the contact points, and the tube is moved in the direction of the tube axis toward the inside of the tube while maintaining the same state. enter in.

If the tube axis is not exactly horizontal with respect to the surface plate, the contact pressures of the linear gauge sensors 21 once adjusted should be mutually non-uniform again. If the pressure of each terminal measured at the point where only the length of the mouth, that is, the processing length) has entered the inside Q of the tube becomes uneven, the tube T itself is tilted so that the whole body coincides with the axis A again. Adjust the direction of. That is, specifically, the wire rope with the sling is lifted as necessary, and the wire rope is hung with a spacer or the like interposed at an appropriate position.
By adjusting the inclination of the tube axis on the surface plate, it is possible to easily control the posture of the tube even though it is a heavy-weight and irregularly shaped tube having a poor shape.

[0014]

1A and 1B are a front view and a side view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the entire embodiment of the present invention.
2, the tool post of the NC processing machine is not shown in the figure, but is located on the right side of the figure.
There is a surface plate B fixed on the ground in front of the tool post,
The pallet surface plate P can move forward, backward, left and right on the surface plate B with the tube T placed thereon. The pipe is a deformed pipe in the example of this figure, and the opening is open toward the front,
The opening that is opened laterally is the insertion opening that is the pipe outer peripheral processing surface.

The layout machine 1 is mounted at a position facing the outer peripheral processing surface of the pipe, that is, in the opposite direction across the platen of a tool rest (not shown). The layout machine 1 is fitted on a track laid on an end face of a base 12 which is fixed to a side surface of the base plate B and protrudes sideways, so as to be able to traverse (in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface). At the center of the layout machine 1, there is an attachment mounting portion 11, which is engaged with the arm 13 in the horizontal direction and is supported by its operation so as to be freely movable, and in the vertical direction, is engaged with the column 14 and moves up and down by rotation. Since it is freely supported, it is possible to freely move the three-dimensional position of X, Y, Z along with the above-mentioned traverse on the track.

As shown in FIG. 1, a centering jig 2 is mounted on an attachment mounting portion 11 at the center of the layout machine 1. The centering jig is formed by an attachment body 22 formed by an annular circumferential portion 23, a linear portion 24 that divides the annular shape into a cross shape, and a linear gauge sensor 21 attached to the attachment body. . A long sliding groove 25 is cut in the linear portion of the attachment body in the direction of the line axis, and a fitting 26 of the linear gauge sensor 21 is fitted into this groove. There are various shapes and diameters of deformed pipes based on the provisions of the Water Works Association and JIS, so it is necessary to prepare several types of attachment bodies to cope with the fluctuations. It is economical and desirable to set the position of the linear gauge sensor 21 in the sliding groove so as to adjust by moving forward and backward so as to be able to adapt to a slight difference in diameter.

Mounting bracket 2 for linear gauge sensor 21
The linear gauge sensor 21 attached to 6 is connected to the roller measuring element 28 via a roller measuring element 28 and a spindle 27 as a contact terminal at the distal end in the circumferential direction. The spindle 27 has a telescopic function for moving the terminal at the tip, and when the release is activated, the center side is reduced to about half of the stroke.
When it is opened, it is stretched and pressed against the inner surface of the tube. Since this contact pressure is displayed on the display unit of the linear gauge sensor 21, it is possible to indicate a state where the distance from each point to the center of the attachment body is different. Since the display unit has a reset function, once the terminals are evenly contacted with the inner surface of the tube by adjusting the position of the attachment body on the first end surface, the contact pressure of each terminal will be applied to any linear gauge sensor. Even if it indicates 0, it is advantageous because there is no mistake in checking the progress of the position and the change of the contact state thereafter.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the core of the outer peripheral processing surface of a pipe body of any shape, such as a deformed pipe having a large weight and an unstable shape and requiring a skillful skill in position adjustment is indispensable. In particular, it is possible to provide appropriate information so that accurate processing can be performed by easily responding to deformation such as three-dimensional distortion, bending, and twisting not only in one surface of the processing but also in the direction in which the processing proceeds. As a result, it is possible to exhibit 100% of the most effective NC machining function for the rationalization of the machining itself, and it is extremely difficult to rationalize the deformed pipe, etc. in combination with the centering mechanism provided in the NC machining machine itself. Obstacles that had been stuck before the end face processing (insertion processing), which had been performed, were removed, and the effect of making a significant contribution to drastic improvement in efficiency was proved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view (A) and a side view (B) of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view (A) and a side view (B) illustrating the operation of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Layout machine 2 Centering jig 11 Attachment mounting part 12 Base 13 Arm 14 Column 21 Linear gauge sensor 22 Attachment body 23 Circumference part 24 Linear part 25 Sliding groove 26 Mounting bracket 27 Spindle 28 Contact terminal (roller measuring element) B Surface plate P Pallet surface plate T Tube (deformed tube) A Tube shaft

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tube axis A of a tube T is horizontally placed on a pallet surface plate P on which a position can be freely selected on a surface plate B of an NC machine, and an end surface of an outer peripheral surface to be processed faces a tool post. The four linear gauge sensors 21 which are temporarily placed at positions opposite to the opening direction and are uniformly projected in the circumferential direction from the center of the centering jig 2 attached to the layout machine 1 opposed to the opening surface. The contact terminal 28 is urged and shortened toward the center.
After insertion by the said tube opening plane, by stretching a respective contact terminal 28 from the central side by solving the biasing force to the tube surface and the pressure, the layout machine 1 as the contact pressure becomes uniform The three-dimensional movement of the centering jig 2 is performed to adjust the position of the center of the centering jig 2, and the linear gauge sensor 21 is further advanced in the tube axis direction into the inside of the tube while maintaining the posture, and each contact after the adjustment is performed. A centering method for a tube outer peripheral processing surface, which comprises adjusting a tube axis direction by inclining a tube so that contact pressures of the terminals 28 are all equal . 2. A centering device for an outer peripheral processing surface of a pipe by an NC processing machine , wherein a column is formed on a base 12 protruding from a side surface of a surface plate in an opposite direction opposite to a tool rest of the NC processing machine and a surface plate B.
The layout machine 1 is erected in a freely traversing manner,
Vertical and horizontal orthogonal to the traversing direction to the out machine 1
Attachment attachment part 11 is attached movably in the direction , and a cross-shaped attachment body 22 in which a linear gauge sensor 21 is movably fitted to the attachment attachment part 11 at the distal end in the circumferential direction is engaged. Centering device for the outer peripheral processing surface of the pipe. 3. The attachment center 22 according to claim 2, wherein the centering jig 2 includes an annular main body 23, an attachment main body 22 including a linear part 24 that divides the circumference into four parts and intersects in a cross shape. A linear gauge sensor 21 attached to a mounting bracket 26 that is removably slid in a sliding groove 25 cut in the longitudinal direction of the linear gauge sensor, and as a contact terminal that is connected to the linear gauge sensor 21 and a spindle 27 so as to be extendable and contractible. A centering device for a tube outer peripheral processing surface, comprising: