JP2747484B2 - Cross shaft excavation method - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of excavating a horizontal shaft such as a railroad, a road, and water and sewage by a shield method.

[Prior Art] When a tunnel (horizontal shaft) is excavated horizontally by a shield method, that is, by a shield machine, a shaft is conventionally excavated to a depth of a tunnel to be excavated by a continuous underground wall or a caisson, and then the shaft is excavated. This is done by assembling and installing the shield machine inside, and then propelling the shield machine horizontally from there.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In such a construction method, the cross-sectional area of the shaft becomes large according to the length of the shield machine, and thus securing land becomes a problem. The size in terms of utilization may be useless. In addition, there was a problem that the excavation direction and the number of tunnels were restricted.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a cross section formed by partially overlapping a plurality of circles, in which a shield machine for horizontal shaft excavation is independently provided. A multiple shield machine equipped to be able to excavate is lowered and excavated in the ground to excavate and form a multiple vertical shaft to a predetermined depth, and then the horizontal shaft excavation shield machine is made independent and the excavation direction is changed. After turning substantially horizontally, the shield machine for horizontal shaft excavation is excavated horizontally to continuously excavate the horizontal shaft from the multiple vertical shaft.

[Operation] According to the cross shaft excavation method of the present invention, since the cross section of the shaft is extremely smaller than that of the conventional shaft excavated by the continuous underground wall or caisson, it is easy to secure a site for starting the shaft. Becomes In addition, each shaft having a circular cross section that constitutes the shaft is divided into different applications such as, for example, traffic of workers and traffic of materials, air supply and exhaust, or loading and unloading of materials. Work efficiency in digging can be improved. Furthermore, since the direction of tunnel excavation from each shaft having a circular cross section can be arbitrarily set, the degree of freedom in the tunnel excavation direction is increased, and the number of horizontal shafts can be increased accordingly.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows that after a shaft 2 is excavated and formed in the ground G by the multiple shield machine 1 according to the present invention, two tunnels (lateral shafts) 3A and 3B are constructed continuously from the shaft 2. It shows the state where it is.

The shield machine 1 includes a body 4a and 4b of a parent shield machine 5 in which a cutter (not shown) is provided at a tip in a digging direction of a skin plate 4 in which two cylindrical body portions 4a and 4b are overlapped with each other in a radial direction. Inside, a child shield machine (a shield machine for horizontal shaft excavation) 8A and 8B in which a cutter 7 is provided at the distal end of the cylindrical skin plate 6 in the excavation direction, are provided independently. The skin plates 6 of the child shield machines 8A and 8B are smaller in diameter than the trunks 4a and 4b of the skin plate 6 of the parent shield machine 5.

This shield machine 1 is of a double type and has a parent shield machine 5
The excavation section is a section of the skin plate 4 of the parent shield machine 5, that is, a section in which two circles are partially overlapped and formed by excavating the ground G by integrating the child shield machines 8A and 8B into the ground G. Drilling holes are formed.

Each tunnel 3A shown in Fig. 1 by this shield machine 1
・ Explain the procedure for excavating 3B.

First, the shield machine 1 in which the parent shield machine 5 and each of the child shield machines 8A and 8B are integrated is assembled in the tail of the shield machine 1 while assembling the arcuate plate-shaped segment 9 and the center pillar 10. .., And is made to descend substantially vertically into the ground G to excavate and form a shaft 2 having a glasses-like cross section. The shaft 2 is a complex of shafts 2A and 2B having a circular cross section.

When the shaft 2 is excavated and formed to a predetermined depth by the shield machine 1 in this way, the child shield machines 8A and 8B are made independent, leaving the parent shield machine 5, and these child shield machines 8A
8B, the excavation direction is the desired horizontal direction (in this case, shaft 2A
-Turn approximately 90 degrees so that they are orthogonal to the direction in which the 2Bs are arranged and are 180 degrees opposite each other.

Next, while assembling the arcuate plate-shaped segments 11 of these child shield machines 8A and 8B, a reaction force is applied thereto to excavate and form a tunnel 3A by the child shield machine 8A and a tunnel 3B by the child shield machine 8B. The segment 11 for the tunnels 3A and 3B has a smaller diameter (larger curvature) than the segment 9 for the shaft 2. Further, a segment unit 14 including a plurality of segments 12, 13,... Corresponding to the excavation holes of the bent portion is attached to the bent portion from the shaft 2 to each of the tunnels 3A and 3B.

According to such a construction method, that is, a construction method in which the shaft 2 is excavated and formed by the shield machine 1 and then the tunnels 3A and 3B are formed by excavating and forming the tunnels 3A and 3B continuously from the shaft 2 independently of the child shield machines 8A and 8B. Since the cross-sectional area of the shaft 2 is extremely small and elongated as compared with the shaft excavated by the continuous underground wall or the caisson, it is easy to secure a site for starting the shaft.

The shaft 2 is a composite of the shafts 2A and 2B.
By using each of the two shafts 2A and 2B for different purposes, for example, for worker traffic and material traffic, air supply and exhaust, or material loading and unloading, Efficiency can be improved. In addition, each shaft
The excavation direction of tunnels 3A and 3B excavating from 2A and 2B can be set arbitrarily, so that the degree of freedom in the tunnel excavation direction is increased.

2 to 4 show variations of the tunnels 3A and 3B in the direction of excavation.

The tunnels 3A and 3B in the case of FIG. 2 are formed 180 degrees opposite to each other along the direction in which the shafts 2A and 2B are arranged.
In the case of FIG. 3, the tunnel 3A is orthogonal to the direction in which the shafts 2A and 2B are arranged, and the tunnel 3B is extended along the direction in which the shafts 2A and 2B are arranged and is orthogonal to each other. Further, in the case of FIG. 4, the tunnels 3A and 3B extend perpendicular to the shafts 2A and 2B, and the tunnel 3B is separated from the tunnel 3A by gradually curving the excavation direction of one of the child shield machines 8B on the way. It is curved.

Further, in the case of the above embodiment, the tunnels 3A and 3B are excavated and formed from both the shafts 2A and 2B, respectively. According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Only the child shield machine 3A is started to excavate and form only the tunnel 3A extending in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the shafts 2A and 2B are arranged, or as shown in FIG. 6, the other child shield machine 3B Only the tunnel 3B extending along the direction in which the shafts 2A and 2B are arranged can be formed by excavating only the tunnel 3B.

FIG. 7 shows that a child shield machine (a shield machine for horizontal shaft excavation) 20 is replaced with a skin plate 4 instead of the child shield machines 3A and 3B.
A tunnel is excavated and formed by using a shield machine 21 installed in the inside.

The child shield machine 20 is a double type, and has a smaller diameter inside the parent shield machine 5 than the skin plate 4 of the parent shield machine 5 (the same diameter as the skin plate 6 of the child shield machines 3A and 3B).
At the tip of the skin plate 22 where the torso 22a and 22b overlap,
A cutter 23a / 23b is provided for each body 22a / 22b. Then, the child shield machine 20 is connected to the parent shield machine 5
After the shaft 2 is excavated and formed integrally with the shield machine 21, the child shield machine 20 is independently turned to excavate horizontally, and the segment units 14 and the segments 11 are formed in the excavation holes. Assembled to form a double tunnel 24.

Although the shaft 2 of each of the above-described embodiments is a double shaft, it is also possible to excavate the shaft in a cross section in which a plurality of more circles overlap. FIG. 8 shows an example of the shield machine.
A shaft 31 is formed by 30.

The shield machine 30 is of a triple type and has three cylindrical bodies 32.
a, 32b, 32c are arranged in a straight line, and each body at both ends of a parent shield machine 33 provided with a cutter (not shown) at the tip of the skin plate 32, which is radially overlapped with each other, in the excavation direction.
In 32a and 32c, child shield machines (shielding machine for horizontal shaft excavation: including skin plate 6 and cutter 7) 34A and 34C similar to the above-mentioned child shield machines 8A and 8B are provided so as to be able to be independently provided.

In order to form a tunnel as shown in FIG. 8 with the shield machine 30, first, each shield machine 34A / 34C is integrated with the parent shield machine 33 to form the shield machine 30. By this, three circles are arranged in cross section,
A shaft 31 having an overlapping shape is formed by excavation. This shaft 31
Is a complex of shafts 31A, 31B and 31C.

Next, each child shield machine 34A / 34C is independently turned, and the excavation direction is set to be 180 degrees opposite to each other along the direction in which the shafts 31A / 31B / 31C are lined up, and each child shield machine 34A / 34C To promote. At the same time, the segment unit 14 and the segments 11 are assembled in the excavated hole. With this, the tunnel (horizontal shaft) 35A / 35C
Is constructed.

By excavating and forming a shaft with a large number of circular sections overlapping in a straight line in this way, the range of use of the shaft can be expanded, and even on narrow and narrow land, the shaft can be excavated and multiple tunnels can be created from there. And many tunnels can be formed.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the cross shaft excavation method of the present invention, the cross section of the cross shaft has a shape in which a plurality of circles are partially overlapped, and the shield machine for cross shaft excavation can be independently excavated therein. The multiple-type shield machine installed in the ground is excavated in the ground to excavate and form a multiple-shaft shaft to a predetermined depth, and then the horizontal shaft excavation shield machine is independent and the excavation direction is substantially horizontal. Then, the horizontal shaft excavation shield machine is excavated horizontally to excavate and form the horizontal shaft continuously from the multiple vertical shaft, and the following effects are obtained.

Since the cross-sectional area of the shaft is extremely smaller than that of the shaft excavated by the conventional continuous underground wall or caisson, it is easy to secure the use for starting the shaft.

Horizontal shaft excavation by using each shaft having a circular cross-section that composes the shaft by dividing it into uses such as, for example, traffic of workers and traffic of materials, air supply and exhaust, or loading and unloading of materials. , The work efficiency can be improved.

Since the direction of tunnel excavation from each shaft with a circular cross section can be arbitrarily set, the degree of freedom in the tunnel excavation direction is increased, and the number of horizontal shafts can be increased accordingly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vertical shaft and a tunnel (lateral shaft) are being constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 6 are perspective views showing variations in tunnel excavation directions and numbers thereof. FIG. 7, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are perspective views showing a state where a shaft and a tunnel are being constructed by different types of shield machines. 1,21,30 ... Shield machine, 2,31 ... shaft, 3A, 3B,
24, 35A, 35C …… Tunnel (horizontal shaft), 8A, 8B, 20, 34
A, 34C: Child shield machine (shield machine for horizontal shaft excavation), G
……ground.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshimi Ino 1-25-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenichi Kaneko 1-25-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiaki Uehara 13, Showa-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture Ishikawa Shima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hirohide Hashimoto 2-6-21 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Loose Bay Yaesu Building Ishikawajima Building Materials Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroaki Suzuki Central Tokyo Metropolitan Tokyo 2-6-21, Yaesu-ku, Loose Bay Yaesu Building Ishikawajima Building Materials Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-2-49894 (JP, A) JP-A-60-164597 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An excavated cross section has a shape in which a plurality of circles are partially overlapped with each other, and a multi-layered shield machine in which a horizontal shaft excavation shield machine is independently excavated is lowered and excavated into the ground. To form a multiple shaft to a predetermined depth,
After the horizontal shaft excavating shield machine is independent and the excavation direction is turned substantially horizontally, the horizontal shaft excavating shield machine is horizontally excavated and the horizontal shaft is continuously leveled from the multiple shaft. A cross shaft excavation method characterized by excavation formation.