JP2747788B2 - Ballast consolidation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for consolidating ballast.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ballasts are used for track beds, parks and roads, and are fixed with cement or the like to prevent scattering. There are two types of track beds: slab type and ballast type with crushed stones and gravel.They control the signal system by dispersing the train load transmitted from the sleepers, absorbing vibration when passing through the train, and electrically insulating the lines. Has an important role.
In the case of the ballast method, the wind pressure that occurs when the train is running at high speed or the snow damage caused by melting and falling of the snow mass attached to the train in a cold area with snow in winter causes the ballast to scatter, causing damage to vehicles and maintenance workers. It causes harm or changes in the ballast consolidation due to repeated vibrations caused by the train passing. In the worst case, the ballast collapses and becomes unable to withstand the lateral pressure (lateral pressure resistance value) applied to the crossties when the train is running. Also, there is a problem that the ballast collapses due to rainfall and the train cannot run. In addition, cigarette butts and dust are thrown away into the ballast just below the platform, which closes the gaps in the ballast and makes drainage worse.
In the vacuum cleaner, the ballast is sucked in by the ballast so that the station staff removes it manually each time. However, it is very labor intensive, and there is a strong demand for the development of an easy cleaning method that can be performed by the vacuum cleaner. For this reason, acrylic emulsions (JP-A-4-296385) and mixtures of synthetic rubber latex and cement (JP-A-52-16)
810) and the like, and a ballast is fixed.

[0003]

However, when the acrylic emulsion is sprayed, since it is a low-viscosity Newtonian liquid, it flows deep into the roadbed before drying, and almost no resin is left between the ballasts of the roadbed. When walking on the floor, the ballast can only be broken enough to prevent the ballast from breaking down, preventing the ballast from scattering or increasing the lateral pressure resistance during train operation. If the train runs before drying, the ballast will move due to vibration and sticking will not be possible.If there is rainfall when it is not dry, the resin will run off with water and water pollution will occur. As a result, there has been a problem that the electrical insulation deteriorates and signal system control becomes impossible. When the mixture of the synthetic rubber latex and the cement is sprayed, there is a problem that the fixing performance is good, but the vibration absorbing property, the load dispersing property, and the workability for squeezing are poor.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have found that ballast scatter prevention, lateral pressure resistance, and adhesion between ballasts can be achieved without impairing the train load dispersibility, vibration absorption, drainage, etc. of the trackbed. As a result of intensive studies to obtain a ballast consolidation method with good strength, curability, workability in squeezing (Maltai workability), electrical insulation, sound insulation, easy cleaning and flame retardancy, a specific The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned various properties can be satisfied by a method using a specific spraying device by using a urethane elastomer having performance, and arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention
A ballast consolidation method for consolidating a ballast laid for a ballast ballast track into a state having voids using a two-component curable urethane elastomer, wherein (1) the two-component curable urethane elastomer has an atmosphere temperature of 25 ° C. Tack free time after mixing the main agent and curing agent below 0.5 seconds ~
30 minutes, has a surface resistivity of 1 × 10 ⁸ Ω or more, and has a dynamic elastic modulus of 1 × 10 ⁵ to 1 × 10 ¹¹ dyne / cm in an atmosphere temperature range of −20 ° C. to 40 ° C. ² ,
The loss tangent (tan δ) is 0.01 to 2.0,
(2) Each component liquid of the two-part curable urethane elastomer is applied on a ballast using a two-part resin spray device equipped with a self-cleaning mechanism, and the ballasts are combined to form an integrated ballast layer. And a ballast consolidation method.

In the present invention, examples of the two-part curable urethane elastomer include those composed of a main agent mainly composed of an organic polyisocyanate compound and a curing agent mainly composed of an active hydrogen-containing compound. Examples of the organic polyisocyanate compound include (a) carbon number [excluding carbon in the NCO group; hereinafter, the same applies to (b) to (d)] 2 to 12.
An aliphatic polyisocyanate, (b) having 4 to 15 carbon atoms
A) alicyclic polyisocyanate, (c) an araliphatic polyisocyanate having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and (d) 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
And (e) modified products of these polyisocyanates and mixtures thereof.

Specific examples of the aliphatic polyisocyanate (a) include ethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), dodecamethylene diisocyanate,
2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate,
Examples include lysine diisocyanate and 1,3,6-hexamethylene triisocyanate.

Specific examples of the alicyclic polyisocyanate (b) include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI),
Dicyclohexylmethane-4,4 ′ diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI), 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane-2,4-diisocyanate (hydrogenated TDI), 1,4-bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) cyclohexane, etc. can give.

Specific examples of the araliphatic polyisocyanate (c) include p-xylene diisocyanate and tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate.

Specific examples of the aromatic polyisocyanate (d) include 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate,
4- or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TD
I), diphenylmethane-2,4'- or 4,4'-
Examples include diisocyanate (MDI), naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyldiphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, o-tolidine diisocyanate, crude TDI, and polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate (crude MDI).

Specific examples of the modified polyisocyanate (e) include carbodiimide groups described above in (a) to (d),
Modified products into which a uretdione group, a uretimine group, a urea group, a buret group, an isocyanurate group, a urethane group, or the like are introduced. A specific example is a urethane prepolymer derived from castor oil and MDI and having terminal isocyanate groups. Preferred among (a) to (e) are (b), (c), (d) and (e).

Examples of the active hydrogen-containing compound include polyhydric alcohols (a), polyoxyalkylene polyols (b), polyester polyols (c), polyolefin polyols (d), acryl polyols (e), castor oil-based polyols (f). ), Polymer polyols (g), organic amine compounds (h), and mixtures thereof.

Specific examples of polyhydric alcohols (a) include aliphatic dihydric alcohols (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6- Hexanediol, 1,8-octamethylenediol, etc.), low molecular weight diols having a cyclic group [1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, m- and p-xylylene glycol, 1,4
-Bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene, 1,4-
Bis (α-hydroxyisopropyl) benzene, 2,2
-Bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, etc.], trihydric alcohols (glycerin, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, etc.), tetrafunctional or higher polyhydric alcohols (sorbitol, shucrose, etc.), alkanolamines ( Triethanolamine,
Methyldiethanolamine, etc.).

Examples of the polyoxyalkylene polyol (b) include active hydrogen-containing compounds [polyhydric alcohols (as exemplified above) and low molecular amines (low molecular polyamine such as ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, etc.). , Low molecular weight monoamines such as n-butylamine, stearylamine), phenols (hydroquinone, bisphenol A, etc.),
Additions of alkylene oxides (alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and a combination thereof) (in the case of a combination, a block or a random addition) may be mentioned. Specific examples of the polyoxyalkylene polyol (b) include polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxypropylene triol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene triol, polyoxypropylene tetraol, and polyoxytetramethylene glycol. And so on.

As the polyester polyol (c),
Condensed polyester polyols obtained by reacting the polyhydric alcohols (a) and dicarboxylic acids exemplified above, polylactone polyols obtained by ring-opening polymerization of lactones, obtained by reaction of ethylene carbonate with 1,6-hexanediol And the like.

The dicarboxylic acids constituting the condensed polyester polyol include, for example, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid), and aromatic dicarboxylic acids (terephthalic acid). Acid, isophthalic acid, etc.), anhydrides of these dicarboxylic acids, lower alkyl (C1-C4) esters or halides (such as chlorides), and mixtures of two or more of these. Examples of the lactone include ε-caprolactone.

Specific examples of these polyester polyols (c) include polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyhexamethylene adipate, polyneopentyl adipate, polyethylene propylene adipate, polyethylene butylene adipate, polybutylene hexamethylene adipate, and polydiethylene adipate. , Poly (polytetramethylene ether) adipate,
Examples include polyethylene azelate, polyethylene sebacate, polybutylene azelate, polybutylene sebacate, polyethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactone diol, and polycarbonate diol.

Specific examples of the polyolefin polyol (d) include polybutadiene polyol, hydrogenated polybutadiene polyol, and polyisoprene polyol.

The acrylic polyol (e) includes an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a hydroxyl group [hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, etc.] and the other JP-A-4-292683.
And copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-163,078. Specific examples of the acrylic polyol (e) include a copolymer of hydroxyethyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, and a copolymer of hydroxyethyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and styrene.

Examples of castor oil-based polyols (f) include castor oil, polyester polyols of castor oil fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols (a) and polyoxyalkylene polyols (mono or diglycerides of castor oil fatty acids, castor oil fatty acids and Mono-, di- or triesters with trimethylolpropane, mono- or di-esters of castor oil fatty acid and polyoxypropylene glycol), those obtained by adding alkylene oxide to castor oil, and mixtures of two or more of these.

As the polymer polyol (g), (b)
Polymer polyols obtained by polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer [II] described in JP-A-4-292683 in each of the polyols [I] exemplified in the above-mentioned items (f) to (f). The content of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer [II] constituting the polymer polyol (g) is usually 0.1 to 90.
%, Preferably between 5.0 and 80% by weight. As a method for producing the polymer polyol (g), for example, a method of polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer [II] in a polyol [I] in the presence of a polymerization initiator (such as a radical generator) (US Pat. No. 3383351, Japanese Patent Publication No. 39
-24737, JP-B-47-47999, JP-A-5
No. 0-15894).

As the organic amine compound (H), C2
-C6 alkylenediamine (ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, etc.);
Polyalkylene (C2-C6 per alkylene group)
Polyamines [diethylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, bis (hexamethylene) triamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, methylaminopropylamine, methyliminobispropylamine, etc.]; alicyclic or heterocyclic polyamines (C4-C15) [N-aminoethylpiperazine, 1,3-diaminocyclohexane, isophoronediamine, hydrogenated methylenedianiline, etc.];
Aliphatic polyamines having an aromatic ring (C8 to C15)
[Xylene diamine, tetrachloro-p-xylene diamine, etc.]; Aromatic polyamines (C6-C20)
[Phenylenediamine, toluenediamine, methylenedianiline, diaminodiphenylsulfone, benzidine,
Thiodianiline, methylenebis (o-chloroaniline), m-aminobenzylamine, 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylmethane, 1-methyl-
3,5-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene,
2,2 ', 3,3'-tetrachloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and the like]; polyoxyalkylene polyamines (such as polyoxypropylene diamine and polyoxypropylene triamine).

The active hydrogen equivalent of the active hydrogen-containing compound is usually from 31 to 10,000, preferably from 31 to 5,
000. The number of functional groups is usually 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 8. Further, the equivalent ratio (active hydrogen / NCO) of the NCO group in the main agent to the active hydrogen group in the curing agent is usually 0.5 to 2.0, preferably 0.6 to 1.5, and more preferably 0.5 to 2.0. 8 to 1.2.

Preferred examples of the active hydrogen-containing compound include those having an oxyethylene group content of 50.
% Of polyoxyalkylene polyol is excluded. When the oxyethylene group content is 50% by weight or more, the water absorption rate increases and the surface specific resistance value decreases, which hinders signal system control. The surface specific resistance is preferably 1 × 10 ⁸ or more in a wet state of the elastomer, and if it is less than 1 × 10 ^8, it becomes a semiconductor or a conductor and loses electrical insulation properties. However, since it may cause malfunctions of signals and the like, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the electric resistance during rainfall.

In order to impart flame retardancy, a method of introducing a flame retardant into the molecule of the main agent or a method of blending it with a curing agent can be used. By imparting flame retardancy, it is possible to prevent the danger of fire from sparks of a pantograph and vehicle fire. Examples of the flame retardant include non-halogen phosphates (triphenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, etc.), and phosphoric esters containing halogen [trischloroethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, tris
(Tribromophenyl) phosphate, trisdibromopropylphosphate, tris (tribromoneopentyl) phosphate, etc.], an active hydrogen-containing flame retardant [di (isopropyl) N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminomethylphosphate] , An alkylene oxide adduct of brominated bisphenol A, dibromoneopentyl glycol, etc.], halogenated flame retardants (tetrabromobisphenol A, decabromodiphenyl ether, tribromophenol, chlorinated paraffin, etc.),
Urea, urea derivatives (such as the reaction product of urea and formalin),
Thiourea, melamine, melamine derivatives (such as the reaction product of melamine and formalin), metal oxides (such as antimony trioxide, ammonium pentoxide, and zinc oxide), metal hydroxides (such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide), and red Phosphorus and the like. The above examples are
One type or two or more types may be used. For the purpose of the present invention, elastomers are often exposed to the weather and sunlight for a long period of time, and are flame-retardant techniques that are not easily hydrolyzed, water-decomposed, pyrolyzed, or extracted by water or sunlight. Is preferred. A preferred flame retarding method is to use, for example, an active hydrogen-containing flame retardant, a thermally decomposable flame retardant, or a water-insoluble flame retardant. Suitable flame retardants include non-halogen phosphates, halogen-containing phosphates, active hydrogen-containing flame retardants, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, halogen-based flame retardants, melamine, melamine derivatives, and red phosphorus. The amount of the flame retardant used is usually 0.1 to 40 parts based on 100 parts of the urethane elastomer. Flame retardancy is JIS-D1
A rating of 201 or a rank of self-extinguishing or flame retardant class 1 to flame retardant class 4 is preferred.

The curing speed may be set according to the purpose, for example, by changing the type and amount of the catalyst and blending it with the curing agent. As the catalyst, dibutyltin dilaurate, alkyl titanate, organosilicon titanate, stannas octoate, lead octylate, zinc octylate, bismuth octylate, bismuth neodecanoate, dibutyltin diorthophenylphenoxite, tin oxide Catalysts such as reaction products of amides and ester compounds (such as dioctyl phthalate); monoamines [such as triethylamine]; diamines [such as N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine]; triamines [N, N , N ', N ",
N "-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and the like; and amine catalysts such as cyclic amines [triethylenediamine and the like], etc. The catalyst may be a metal-based or amine-based catalyst alone, or may be used in combination with a metal-based and amine-based catalyst. The amount of the catalyst may be adjusted according to the purpose of ballast consolidation, and usually, when the purpose is to prevent scattering and easy cleaning, only the ballasts of about three layers of the surface layer of the ballast ballast are bonded together. In order to improve lateral pressure resistance and prevent ballast collapse, liquid is injected to the middle and lower layers of the ballast ballast to reduce the amount of catalyst and reduce tack-free time. The amount of the catalyst is usually 0.001 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curing agent.
The tack free time is usually 0.5 seconds to 30 minutes. Preferably, for the purpose of preventing scattering and easy cleaning, the time is 0.5 seconds to 10 minutes. When the purpose is to improve lateral pressure resistance and prevent ballast collapse, the time is 10 seconds to 30 minutes. Workability is good if constructed using a material adjusted to tack-free time in this range, for example, even if the construction time can only take the time from the last train to the first train, the urethane elastomer is sufficiently cured and the vibration of the starting generator Ballast collapse does not occur and construction without problems is possible.

The dynamic elastic modulus and the loss tangent (tan δ) of the two-component curable urethane elastomer are characteristic values representing scattering prevention, lateral pressure resistance, vibration absorption, sound insulation and the like, and are important. . The dynamic elastic modulus is 1 × 10 ⁵ to 1 × 10 ¹¹ dyne / cm ² in an ambient temperature range of −20 ° C. to 40 ° C., which is a normal ballast surface temperature, and preferably 1 × 10 ⁷ to 1 ×. It is 10 ¹¹ dyne / cm ² . If the dynamic elastic modulus is less than 1 × 10 ⁵ dyne / cm ^2, it is too soft and the lateral pressure resistance is insufficient. Loss tangent (tanδ)
Is the normal ballast surface temperature of -20 ° C to 40 ° C
In the ambient temperature range of 0.01 to 2.0, preferably 0.05 to 2.0. tan δ is 0.01
If it is less than 3, vibration absorption and sound insulation are insufficient.

When the two-component curable urethane elastomer is made of a foam, the bonding area between the ballasts is increased, so that the bonding strength is enhanced, and the vibration absorption and sound insulation are improved.
In order to form a foam, there is a method in which water, a freon-based foaming agent, or the like is added to a curing agent to form a foam. A preferred method is to add water free of environmental pollution. The expansion ratio can be adjusted by the amount of water or a freon-based blowing agent. The expansion ratio is usually 1.1 to 10 times, and preferably 1.1 to 5 times. If the expansion ratio exceeds 10 times, the dynamic elastic modulus of the elastomer decreases, which is not preferable.

The main agent and the curing agent of the present invention may contain, as other components, a filler, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, a thixotropy-imparting agent and an aid for imparting the same. However, even if the commonly used solvent is not blended with the two-part curable urethane elastomer comprising the main agent and the curing agent of the present invention, each component liquid has a sufficiently low viscosity, and the two-component curing agent has a self-cleaning mechanism. It is not necessary because it can be applied using a liquid-mixing type resin spray device and is not necessary because it causes environmental pollution and fire caused by scattering of the solvent. Examples of the filler include fillers (such as heavy calcium carbonate, talc, and mica) and resins (such as vinyl chloride and polyethylene). Examples of the plasticizer include dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, dioctyl sebacate, petroleum resin and the like. As an anti-aging agent, hindered amine [4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6
-Tetramethylpiperidine (SANOL LS-74 manufactured by Sankyo)
4) etc.], hindered phenol [octadecyl-
3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (Irganox 1076 manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy) and the like, benzophenones (such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) and benzotriazoles [2- (5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole and the like]. Examples of the thixotropic agent include ultrafine powdered silica, hardened castor oil, bentonite, carbon black, and precipitated calcium carbonate. Examples of the thixotropy-providing aid include polyoxyethylene diol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene triol, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

As an example of a method for producing a modified product of polyisocyanate as a main agent, for example, an organic polyisocyanate and a polyol are charged in a reaction vessel, and the reaction temperature is 50 to 120 ° C.
Can be produced by reacting In addition, as an example of a method for producing a curing agent, the curing agent can be produced by kneading an active hydrogen compound and a flame retardant with a planetary mixer.

The application method of the present invention includes: [a] a spray application method while colliding and mixing a main agent and a curing agent using a two-liquid mixing type resin spray device having a self-cleaning mechanism; [b] a self-cleaning mechanism And a method of spraying using a sprayer of a type in which a main agent and a curing agent are mixed by a static mixer or an air-driven or electric-driven mixing head equipped with A preferred method is to provide a self-cleaning mechanism [a].
This is the method. Specific models include a combination of a proportion unit of Model H-2000 or Model FF-1600 manufactured by Gasmer and GX-7 or D spray gun.

The amount of the two-component curable urethane elastomer to be sprayed is 0.1 to 0.1 when the purpose is to prevent scattering and easy cleaning.
It is 5 kg / m ² . Preferably, 0.5 to 3 kg / m ²
It is. When the purpose is to improve the lateral pressure resistance and prevent ballast collapse, it is 1 to 30 kg / m ² . Preferably,
It is 1 to 20 kg / m ² .

The consolidation method of the present invention comprises a load dispersing property, a vibration absorbing property, a sound absorbing / absorbing property, a drainage property, a scattering prevention property, a lateral pressure resistance, an adhesive strength, a hardening property, a tamping workability (multi-tie workability). ,
It is suitable for consolidating ballasts in roadbeds that require electrical insulation, flame retardancy, weather resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, and the like.

[0033]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Hereinafter, “part” indicates “part by weight”, “%” indicates “% by weight”, and “ratio” indicates “weight ratio”. The meanings of the abbreviations in the examples and the evaluation test methods are shown below. (Abbreviated symbol) C—O; number average molecular weight = 1060, low acid value castor oil,
[Toyokuni Oil Co., Ltd., trade name: ELA-DR] GP-1000; number average molecular weight = 1000, polyoxypropylene triol, [Sanyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.]
Manufactured and trade name: Sannics GP-1000] TP-400; number average molecular weight = 400, polyoxypropylene triol, [manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Trade name: Sannics TP-400] TBE; halogen-based active hydrogen-containing flame retardant, [manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name: TBE-20G] Y-24; phosphorus-based active hydrogen-containing flame retardant, [Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.] Industrial Co., Ltd., trade name: Y-24] TCP; flame retardant, tricresyl phosphate, [Nippon Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name: Anfram TCP] CR-900; flame retardant, tris (tribromoneo) Pentyl) phosphate, manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: C
R-900] Al; aluminum hydroxide DTD; dibutyltin dilaurate Pb; lead octylate, [manufactured by Sankyoki Gosei Co., Ltd., trade name: LL-690D] TEA; triethylenediamine, [manufactured by Sankyo Airpro, trade name: DABCO-33LV] DOP; dioctyl phthalate MDI; diphenylmethane diisocyanate MR; crude MDI [manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd., trade name: Millionate MR-100]

(Evaluation Test Method) (1) Tack Free Time (TFT): After spraying a two-part curable urethane elastomer on a ballast in a 25 ° C. atmosphere,
Determine the time at which tackiness disappears. (Unit = seconds) (2) Walking time: After spraying the two-component curable urethane elastomer on the ballast in an atmosphere at 25 ° C., the time during which walking becomes free of tackiness is determined. (Unit = minute) (3) Consolidation time: After spraying the two-part curable urethane elastomer on the ballast in an atmosphere at 25 ° C, the time during which the ballast does not collapse while walking is determined. (Unit = minute) (4) Permeability of consolidated material into roadbed; 50 × 50 × 70 (c
The ballast is filled in the empty container of m), a two-component curable urethane elastomer is sprayed, and after the elastomer is cured, the container is disassembled and the penetration distance of the two-component curable urethane elastomer is measured. (Unit = cm) (5) Water permeability; 100 kg / m ² after two-part curable urethane elastomer is sprayed on the ballast and the elastomer is cured.
Of water at once, and measure the water penetration time. (Unit = second) (6) Disintegration: A two-component curable urethane elastomer is sprayed on the ballast, and after the elastomer is cured, the disintegration is measured by walking on the ballast. (Indication method) ：: No collapse, ×: Collapse (7) Multi-tie workability: After spraying a two-part curable urethane elastomer on a ballast and curing the elastomer, the solidification is performed to check the multi-tie workability. (Indication method) ：: Easily possible, ×: Difficult (8) Electrical insulation: Measure surface specific resistance in accordance with JIS K6911. (Unit = Ω) Curing conditions for drying: After curing, 24 hours at 20 ° C and 65% RH.
Curing time. Curing conditions when wet: After curing, immersed in water at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, and subjected to the test in a wet state. (9) Dynamic elastic modulus (E ′) and loss tangent (tan δ) Measured under a frequency condition of 10 Hz using a viscoelasticity tester. (Unit: E ': × 10 ⁷ dyne / cm ² ) (10) Flammability: Based on JIS D1201. (Indication method) ◎: Self-extinguishing, ×: Slow flammability, Non-flammability: Non-flammability (11) Water resistance After immersing the elastomer in 70 ° C. hot water for 20 days,
After drying at 70 ° C. for 5 hours, a combustion test was performed according to JIS D1201. (Indication method) ：: Self-extinguishing property, ×: Slow flammability, Non-flammability: Non-flammability (12) Foaming ratio: Determined by the average liquid specific gravity of the main agent and the curing agent divided by the density of the cured product.

Production Examples 1 to 3 of the main agent [A] The components such as the polyol (1) and the organic polyisocyanate (2) shown in Table 1 were charged into a four-mouthed corvene in the amounts shown in Table 1, and were heated at 90 ° C. for 5 hours. Reacts to the main agent <1> of the present invention
<3> was obtained.

[0036]

[Table 1]

Preparation Examples 1 to 3 of the curing agent [B] The curing agent components shown in Table 2 were charged into a four-mouthed kolben in an amount shown in Table 2, and the mixture was stirred and mixed at 110 ° C. for 1 hour. 1] to [3] were obtained.

[0038]

[Table 2]

Examples 1 and 2 [A] and [B] shown in Table 3 were adjusted to a liquid temperature of 40 ° C., and a two-liquid collision-mixing airless spray having a self-cleaning mechanism was applied to a ballast in a 25 ° C. atmosphere. The coating amount shown in Table 3 was applied using a machine (GX-7 spray gun attached to Model H-2000 manufactured by Gasmer).
Table 3 shows the results of tests on the permeability of the consolidation material into the roadbed, the walking time, the consolidation time, the water permeability, the walking disintegration, and the workability of the Martai using this test piece. In addition, Table 3 shows the results of tests on electrical insulation, flammability, and the like, using a 3 mm-thick test piece obtained by coating the same on a mold.

[0040]

[Table 3]

Examples 3 and 4 [A] and Table 3 shown in Table 3 where the liquid temperature was adjusted to 40 ° C.
[B] 100 parts of water and 0.2 part of water are added and mixed well, and the mixture is placed on a ballast in a 25 ° C. atmosphere, and a two-liquid collision mixing type airless sprayer equipped with a self-cleaning mechanism (Model H manufactured by Gasmer Co., Ltd.) -2000 was equipped with a GX-7 spray gun), and the coating amount shown in Table 3 was applied.
Table 3 shows the results of tests on the permeability of the consolidation material into the roadbed, the walking time, the consolidation time, the water permeability, the walking disintegration property, and the workability of the Martai using this test piece. In addition, the test was performed using a 3 mm-thick test specimen obtained by applying the composition on a mold in the same manner.
Table 3 shows the results of tests such as electrical insulation and flammability and the expansion ratio.

Comparative Example 1 Acrylic emulsion [L-603: Morton Co., Ltd.]
Manufactured by mixing 100 parts of water and 100 parts of water to obtain a uniform mixture of 2 kg / m ² on a ballast at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C.
Table 4 shows the results of tests on the permeability of the consolidation material into the roadbed, walking time, hardening time, water permeability, walking disintegration, and workability of the Moltai using the test specimens obtained by application. Also,
Similarly, Table 4 shows the results of electrical insulation and flammability tests performed on a 2 mm-thick test piece obtained by applying the composition on a mold.

[0043]

[Table 4]

Comparative Example 2 Ethylene vinegar-based emulsion [Sumikaflex 40]
0: manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.] 45 parts, 1 part of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, 1 part of calcium chloride, 200 parts of Portland cement and 55 parts of water are mixed on a ballast under an atmosphere temperature of 20 ° C. Using a test specimen obtained by applying ² kg / m ² , the penetration of the consolidated material into the roadbed,
Table 4 shows the results of tests on walking time, hardening time, water permeability, disintegration, and workability. Table 4 also shows the results of electrical insulation and flammability tests performed on the test pieces obtained by coating on a mold.

Comparative Example 3 400 parts of Newpole 80-4000 (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., polyoxyethylene oxypropylene polyol, number average molecular weight = 4000, oxyethylene group content 80%) and 250 parts of MDI 9
After reacting at 0 ° C. for 5 hours, the mixture was cooled to 30 ° C., and 160 parts of dichloromethane was charged to obtain a uniform liquid to obtain a main ingredient. The curing agent was prepared by weighing 70 parts of urea and 930 parts of water in a beaker and sufficiently dissolving urea. Using a test piece obtained by applying ² kg / m ² on a ballast under the condition of an ambient temperature of 25 ° C. using a two-head gun sprayer capable of mixing a main agent and a curing agent at a ratio of 100: 100, Table 4 shows the results of tests on the permeability of the slab to the roadbed, the walking time, the curing time, the water permeability, the walking disintegration, and the workability of Martai. In addition, Table 4 shows the results of tests of electrical insulation, flammability, and the like, and the expansion ratio, which were similarly performed using a 3 mm-thick test piece obtained by coating on a mold.

Comparative Example 4 Table 4 shows the results of the same test as in Comparative Example 1, except that 10 kg / m ^{2 was} sprayed on the ballast.

The following is clear from Tables 3 and 4. In the case of preventing ballast scattering and easy cleaning (Examples 1, 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3) In Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 (acryl emulsion) and Comparative Example 2 (ethylene Compared to a vinegar-based emulsion), the resin is more efficiently adhered to the surface layer from the viewpoint of the permeability, and the disintegration and water permeability are good and are suitable for the purpose. In addition, the walking time and the consolidation time are short and the workability is excellent. In addition, the surface resistivity when wet is high, and there is no danger in controlling the signal system. Further, both the dynamic elastic modulus and the loss tangent are within the usable range, and it can be seen that the balance is as a whole well. In Examples 3 and 4, as compared with Comparative Example 3 (aqueous urethane foam) of the same foaming type, even if the coating amount is small, it is economical to meet the purpose, and the surface specific resistance value when wet is high, There is no danger in system control. Further, both the dynamic elastic modulus and the loss tangent are within the usable range, and it can be seen that the balance is as a whole well. Further, it can be seen that Example 4 has excellent water resistance and is suitable for ballast consolidation of a roadbed exposed to sunlight and wind without losing flame retardancy for a long time.

When the purpose is to improve the lateral pressure resistance to prevent the lateral displacement of the line and to prevent the collapse of the roadside ballast (Example 2 and Comparative Example 4). Compared to the oxyalkylene polyol (oxyethylene group content of 80% by weight), the resin is more efficiently adhered to the middle and lower layers from the viewpoint of the permeability, and the disintegration and water permeability are good and suitable. Also, walking time,
The consolidation time is short, the workability is excellent, the surface resistivity in wet condition is high, and there is no danger in signal system control. Further, it can be seen that it is excellent in water resistance and is suitable for ballast consolidation of a roadbed exposed to sunlight, wind and rain without losing flame retardancy for a long time. Further, both the dynamic elastic modulus and the loss tangent are within the usable range, and it can be seen that the balance is as a whole well.

[0049]

The ballast consolidation method of the present invention provides a method for dispersing train load on a roadbed, absorbing vibration, absorbing sound, draining, preventing ballast from scattering, lateral pressure resistance, bonding strength between ballasts,
It has excellent curability, tamping workability (multi-tie workability), electrical insulation, water resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, movement followability and flame retardancy. Further, there is no air pollution caused by an organic solvent, chlorofluorocarbon or the like, and no water pollution caused by a resin emulsion.
Because of the above-described effects, the ballast consolidation method of the present invention is particularly useful for ballast consolidation of a track.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Koji Izumo, Inventor 789 Yamazaki, Shimamotocho, Mishima-gun, Osaka Examiner Yoshiko Arai (56) References JP-A-63-304803 (JP, A) JP-A-6-173207 (JP) , A) Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-4802 (JP, B2)

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A ballast consolidation method for consolidating a ballast laid for a ballast ballast track into a state having voids with a two-component curable urethane elastomer, wherein (1) the two-component curable urethane elastomer comprises: The tack-free time after mixing the main agent and the curing agent at an atmosphere temperature of 25 ° C. is 0.5 seconds to 30 minutes, has a surface specific resistance value of 1 × 10 ⁸ Ω or more, and −20. The dynamic elastic modulus is 1 × 10 ⁵ -1 × in the ambient temperature range of 40 ° C. to 40 ° C.
A value of 10 ¹¹ dyne / cm ² and a loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.01 to 2.0; (2) a two-component mixed type having a self-cleaning mechanism for each component liquid of the two-component curable urethane elastomer; A ballast consolidation method, wherein the ballast is applied on a ballast using a resin spray device, and the ballasts are joined together to form an integrated ballast layer. 2. The consolidation method according to claim 1, wherein the two-part curable urethane elastomer is a flame retardant elastomer. 3. The flame-retardant elastomer comprises an active hydrogen-containing flame retardant, a non-halogen phosphate, a halogen-containing phosphate, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a halogen-based flame retardant,
1 selected from melamine, melamine derivatives and red phosphorus
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein at least one kind of flame retardant is used.
The consolidation method described. 4. The consolidation method according to claim 1, wherein each component liquid of the two-part curable urethane elastomer does not contain a solvent. 5. The consolidation method according to claim 1, wherein the two-component curable urethane elastomer is a foam, and the expansion ratio after curing is 1.1 to 10 times.