JP2763046B2 - Underground dockable shield machine and underground joint shield method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention performs excavation by two shield excavators,
The present invention relates to a shield excavator capable of underground docking for excavating a continuous tunnel by abutting these shield excavators.

[Prior art] In recent years, when excavating tunnels, many existing tunnels and underground cables are formed underground, so the amount of land for Tonenru decreases, and long-distance tunnels are formed deeper than the ground. ing. In this case, two shield excavators are used to excavate the ground from one direction with one shield excavator, and excavate the ground from the opposite side of the excavation direction of the shield excavator with another shield excavator. The shield excavators are stopped by abutting the cutters on the excavation side with each other. Then, after removing the working machine for excavating the ground such as the cutter of each excavator, the operator excavates the earth and sand of the connecting portion, lays a steel plate between the two shield frames, and removes the two shields. The tunnels excavated by the excavator are connected to form a continuous tunnel.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in a case where a continuous tunnel is excavated by two shield excavators as in the related art, when removing the cutter of each excavator, from between the two shield frames. In order to prevent soil and groundwater from entering the tunnel, ground hardening agents are injected into the ground around the joint to reinforce the ground. However, in order to reinforce the ground using a ground hardener, etc., it is necessary to select the injection method, injection range and hardening agent suitable for the target geology, so it is difficult to sufficiently reinforce the ground This is particularly difficult for sand and gravel layers with high groundwater levels. For this reason, at an intersection of a main road or a place where there is a large amount of traffic, the ground is easily collapsed due to frequent vibration, and there has been a problem that the connecting work of the connecting portion cannot be performed safely. In addition, the use of a ground hardener or the like requires a large amount of construction cost, and it takes time to reinforce and strengthen the ground by injecting the hardener into the ground.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to connect a tunnel without reinforcing and reinforcing the ground using a ground hardening agent or the like, and to perform a connecting work of a connecting portion safely. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield excavator that can be docked underground.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method in which one shield machine is excavated in one direction and another shield machine is excavated in the opposite direction. In an apparatus for digging a continuous tunnel by docking, an outer cylinder for being slidably fitted to the outer peripheral portion of one of the excavators, and for fitting the front portion of the other excavator at the time of docking, The outer cylinder and one of the excavators are fixed at the time of the normal excavation, and the outer cylinder fixation releasing means which is free at the time of docking, and the outer cylinder and the existing segment are free at the time of the normal excavation of one of the excavators, and the An outer cylinder positioning means for fixing, and a pressure receiving portion provided at a front portion of the one excavator and receiving the propulsive force of the other excavator during docking to retreat the one excavator with respect to the outer cylinder. An underground dockable shield machine including a cutter that also functions as a material.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the first shield excavator in which the outer cylinder is slidably fitted and a second shield excavator different from the first shield excavator are butt-connected to each other, and the second shield excavator is abutted against the second shield excavator. By pushing forward the excavator, pushing only the first shield excavator backward while maintaining the position of the outer cylinder,
The front part of the shield machine is fitted into the outer cylinder, and a sealant is injected into a gap between the outer cylinder and the front part of the second shield machine to stop water at the joint. Underground joint shield method.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a shield excavator on the receiving side, on which the outer cylinder is slidably fitted, and a shield excavator on the other insertion side are digged so as to face each other, and the excavators are docked with each other. In the apparatus for excavating a continuous tunnel by letting, the diameter of the shield frame of the insertion side machine,
Underground characterized in that it is formed in accordance with the diameter of the outer cylinder of the receiving side excavator, and a small diameter portion that can be inserted into the outer cylinder is formed at the front of the shield frame of the insertion side excavator. It is a dockable shield machine.

[Operation] According to the first invention having the above-described configuration, prior to docking, first, one shield excavator having the outer cylinder fixed by the outer cylinder fixing releasing means is opposed to the other shield excavator. Dig the ground and match them. At the time of such normal excavation, one of the excavators can perform ordinary excavation without any trouble since the outer cylinder is fixed to the excavator by the outer cylinder fixing releasing means.

Thereafter, when docking, the fixing is released by the outer cylinder fixing releasing means to make the outer cylinder and the excavator free, and the outer cylinder is fixed to the existing segment by the outer cylinder positioning means. Then, the other excavator is moved forward, its front portion is pressed against the cutter of one excavator, and one excavator is pushed rearward with respect to the outer cylinder, so that the front portion of the other excavator is moved to one cutter. It is assumed that it is fitted inside the outer cylinder of the excavator.

At this time, the outer cylinder is free with respect to one of the excavators by the outer cylinder fixing releasing means, and is fixed to the existing segment by the outer cylinder positioning means, so that the position of the outer cylinder remains unchanged. In this state, only one of the excavators retreats, and the outer cylinder does not retreat due to being dragged by the retreating one excavator. Therefore, the above-mentioned fitting state, that is, docking, can be reliably achieved.

After that, by joining the excavators from inside both shielded excavators in the docked state,
Underground joining work can be performed reliably.

Further, according to the second invention, the injection range of the sealant for sealing the joint between the two excavators is the outer cylinder of the first shield excavator and the front part of the second shield excavator fitted inside the outer cylinder. Therefore, the sealing operation of the joint can be performed reliably and easily in a short time.

Further, according to the third aspect, the diameter of the shield frame of the insertion side excavator can be made substantially equal to the diameter of the shield frame of the receiving side excavator, so that the diameter of the tunnel constructed by both the excavators is substantially reduced. Can be equal.

Embodiment A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a first shield excavator, and reference numeral 2 denotes a second shield excavator. These shield excavators 1 and 2 include cylindrical shield frames 3 and 4, cutters 6 and 7 that excavate the ground 5 by being rotated by driving means such as a drive motor, a pinion, and a drive gear (not shown). Partition walls 8, 9 and the like for stopping excavated mud and groundwater from flowing into the shield frames 3, 4 are provided, respectively.

The first shield machine 1 is provided with a predetermined number of shield jacks 10 along the inner peripheral surface of the shield frame 3, as shown in FIGS. An outer cylinder 11 is slidably fitted around the outer periphery of the shield frame 3. The outer cylinder 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter larger than that of the shield frame 3 (hereinafter referred to as an inner cylinder) and a cutter 6 and longer than the inner cylinder 3, and exists in the ground 5 and withstands earth pressure and groundwater pressure. Has strength. The outer cylinder may have any shape as long as it is fitted on the outer periphery of the shield frame.
For example, it may be formed in a cylindrical shape having a polygonal cross section. This outer cylinder
A tail seal 13 is provided at a rear end of the outer cylinder 11 to prevent intrusion of water leakage or the like from a gap with a segment 12 assembled in a ring shape along a circumferential direction inside the outer cylinder 11. In addition,
In FIG. 1, the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 11 may be divided into a front body and a rear body, respectively, and these may be connected to each other by a center bending jack (not shown), so that the shield machine 1 may be a so-called middle bending shield.

As shown in FIG. 5, a locking portion 14 is provided at the tip of the outer cylinder 11, and the tip of the inner cylinder 3 is locked to the locking portion 14. A concave groove 15 is provided on the outer periphery of the distal end of the inner cylinder 3, and a sealing material 16 is fixed to the groove 15 with a screw 17 or the like so that groundwater or the like does not enter the gap between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 3. Has become. In the gap between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 3, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, grease or the like injected from a plurality of lubricant injection pipes 18 provided at predetermined positions of the inner cylinder 3. Lubricant is filled.

Further, at the rear end of the inner cylinder 3, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 6, and 7, an outer cylinder fixing releasing means 19 for fixing and releasing the outer cylinder 11 to and from the inner cylinder 3 is provided. A predetermined number of fixing jigs 20 are provided along the inner peripheral surface. These fixtures
Reference numeral 20 denotes a fitting portion 21 and a fixing portion 22. The fitting portion 21 is fitted to a detent member 24 welded and fixed to a mounting portion 23 such as the shield jack 10 of the inner cylinder 3, and its mounting is performed. The fixing portion 22 is fixed to the outer cylinder 11 by welding while being fixed to the portion 23 with bolts 25. That is, when the fixing jig 20 is attached, the outer cylinder 11 is fixed to the inner cylinder 3, and conversely, when the fixing jig 20 is removed and a force is applied to push the inner cylinder 3 to the side opposite to the digging direction, the inner cylinder 3 The cylinder 3 slides inside the outer cylinder 11 so as to be at the rear end. A pin may be used in place of the fixing jig, and any pin may be used as long as the outer cylinder is fixed to and released from the inner cylinder.

The cutter 6 of the first shield machine 1 accommodates an over cutter 26 as shown in FIGS. The over-cutter 26 can be moved out of the way by the hydraulic control system, protrudes into the ground 5, rotates with the rotation of the cutter 6, and excavates beyond the diameter of the cutter 6.

On the other hand, the second shield machine 2 is also provided with a predetermined number of shield jacks (not shown) on the inner periphery of the shield frame 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shield frame 4 is formed to have a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 11, and the forward portion of the excavator including the shield frame 4 and the cutter 7 in the excavation direction is the outer side. It is adapted to be fitted into the cylinder 11. At the tip of the shield frame 4,
As shown in FIG. 2, a predetermined number of sealant injection pipes 27 are provided along the inner periphery thereof, and when the shield frame 4 is fitted into the outer cylinder 11, the sealant is removed from the sealant injection pipe 27. The liquid is injected into a gap between the cylinder 11 and the shield frame 4.

 Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

When a tunnel is excavated by the two first and second shield excavators 1 and 2, the over-cutter 26 in the cutter 6 of the first shield excavator 1 is removed from the tunnel hole excavated by the cutter 6. The tube 11 is made to protrude outward so as to be appropriately larger than the outer diameter thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, the ground 5 is excavated from one direction by the first shield excavator 1, and the ground excavation direction of the first shield excavator 1 is opposite by the second shield excavator 2. Excavate the ground 5.

When these shield excavators 1 and 2 approach, for example, about 50 m, each shield excavator 1 is centered so that the centers of the first shield excavator 1 and the second shield excavator 2 coincide with each other. The shield excavators 1 and 2 are stopped by abutting the cutter face plates 6a and 7a of the cutters 6 and 7 on the excavation side. At this time, the cutter face plates 6a, 7a are butted so that the cutter bits 6b, 7b of the cutters 6, 7 do not contact each other. After the shield machines 1 and 2 are stopped, the overcutter 26 of the first shield machine 1 is accommodated in the cutter 6 and, as shown in FIG. The end is fixed to the segment 12 using a steel plate 28, the bolt 25 is removed, the welded portion of the fixing portion 22 of the fixing jig 20 is cut, and the fixing jig 20 is removed.
Make it slidable. The steel plate 28 constitutes the outer cylinder positioning means in the claims.

Then, the cutter 6 of the first shield machine 1 is pushed by the cutter 7 of the second shield machine 2 in the direction opposite to the excavation direction.
At this time, the cutter 6 of the first shield machine 1
As a pressure receiving member that receives the propulsive force of the shield machine 2. Then, the cutter 6 and the inner cylinder 3 of the first shield machine 1 are pushed into the opposite side of the outer cylinder 11 in the direction of excavation and retreat, and the front part including the shield frame 4 of the second shield machine 2 is moved outward. Fit into the cylinder 11. At this time, the gap between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 3 is filled with a lubricant such as grease, and the cutter 6 of the first shield excavator 1 is subjected to pressure such as groundwater pressure. The first shield machine 1 can be moved backward by the second shield machine 2 without the need. Note that a sliding member such as a roller may be provided on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder so that the inner cylinder can easily slide in the outer cylinder. Further, the elongated rod 10a of the shield jack 10 of the first shield machine 1 is contracted while oil is removed from the shield jack 10, and a sealant injection pipe at the tip of the shield frame 4 of the second shield machine 2 is used. From 27, a sealant is injected into the gap between the outer cylinder 11 and the shield frame 4. When the gap is solidified by the injected sealing agent, the work machines for excavating the ground 5 such as the cutters 6 and 7 of the excavators 1 and 2 are removed, and as shown in FIG. The tunnels excavated by the shield machines 1 and 2 are connected to form a continuous tunnel.

As described above, the first shield excavator 1 is pushed into the outer cylinder 11 by the second shield excavator 2, and the tip of the shield frame 4 of the second shield excavator 2 is fitted into the outer cylinder 11, By forming a continuous tunnel by sealing the fitting part, the connecting part of the tunnel is reliably protected from muddy soil, groundwater, etc., so that the connecting work such as removal of earth and sand at the connecting part can be performed safely. it can. Also, since the outer cylinder 11 is fitted around the outer periphery of the shield frame 3 of the first shield machine 1 to connect the tunnel, it is not necessary to use a ground hardening agent or the like, so that the tunnel can be formed at low cost. can do. Furthermore, the tunnel is connected simply by inserting the shield frame 3 of the second shield excavator 1 into the outer cylinder 11 and injecting a sealing agent into the insertion portion to securely seal the same. The work of the unit can be performed, and the connection work can be performed in a short time. Also, the first
The shield machine 1 performs excavation by protruding the over cutter 26 to the outside of the cutter 6, but since the over cutter 26 only needs to protrude by the outer cylinder 11, the protruding length is small. Since a large load is not applied to the over cutter 26 during excavation, the durability of the over cutter 26 is improved.

FIG. 10 shows the second embodiment. The difference from the above embodiment is that the diameter of the shield frame 30 of the second shield machine 29 is fitted to the first shield machine 1. The outer cylinder 11 has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the
Cutter 31 of shield machine 29 and shield frame 30
Of the excavator 29 including the cutter 31 and the tip of the shield frame 30 is fitted into the outer cylinder 11.

With such a configuration, the diameters of the tunnels excavated by the first and second shield excavators 1 and 29 are formed to be substantially the same diameter. Are also formed to have substantially the same diameter.

A predetermined number of over cutters 32 are accommodated in the cutter 31 of the second shield excavator 29, and when excavating with the excavator 29, the over cutters 32 are protruded to be appropriately larger than the maximum system of the shield frame 30. Tunnel holes are excavated.

FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment. The difference from the above embodiment is that a regulating member 33 is provided on the inner periphery of the rear end of the outer cylinder 11 fitted on the first shield machine 1. It is provided in a ring shape, and is configured such that the diameter of the segment 12 formed by the first shield machine 1 is formed to be substantially the same as the diameter of the segment 12 formed by the second shield machine 2. I have.

The restricting member 33 reduces the gap between the outer cylinder 11 and the segment 12, restricts the movement of the excavator 1 in the radial direction,
The gap is too large to prevent water leakage or the like from entering the gap. The gap is made up of a first regulating member 34 and a second regulating member 35. The first regulating member 34 is fixed to the inner peripheral end of the outer cylinder 11, and a wire brush 36 is provided on the inner periphery. On the other hand, the second regulating member 35 is a first regulating member.
It is detachably attached to the inner periphery of the outer cylinder 11 between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 11 with bolts and the like, and is fixed to the outer cylinder 11 during excavation. 4
The inner cylinder 3 is slidable into the outer cylinder 11 by being removed when the tip of the inner cylinder 3 is fitted. The second restricting member 35 is specifically made up of a plurality of parts (not shown), and these parts are attached to the inner periphery of the outer cylinder 11 with bolts or the like to form a ring. The second regulating member does not have to be provided in a ring shape, and its parts may be attached to the inner circumference of the outer cylinder at predetermined intervals along the inner circumference of the outer cylinder.

With such a configuration, the diameters of the tunnels excavated by the first and second shield excavators 1 and 2 are formed to be substantially the same diameter. Are also formed to have substantially the same diameter.

Although the regulating member is provided on the inner periphery of the rear end of the outer cylinder, any member may be used as long as the gap between the outer cylinder and the segment is reduced. For example, as shown in FIG. May be provided integrally with the inner peripheral end portion of the device, and a tail seal 38 may be provided at the rear end.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exerted.

. According to the invention as set forth in claim 1, the connection portion of the tunnel excavated by the two shield excavators can be reliably protected from mud and groundwater, and the connection work such as removal of earth and sand at the connection portion can be performed from the inside of the excavator. It can be done safely.

. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the injection range of the sealant for stopping water at the joint of the two excavators is limited to an extremely narrow range, the sealing work of the joint of both excavators is reliably and easily performed. In a short time.

. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the diameter of the shield frame of the insertion side excavator and the diameter of the shield frame of the receiving side excavator can be substantially equal, the diameter of the tunnel constructed by both the excavators is substantially reduced. Can be equal.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are views showing a main part of a shield machine to which the outer cylinder of FIGS. 1 and 2 is fitted. FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a state of an outer cylinder and a shield frame of the present invention,
6 is a sectional view showing a state in which the outer cylinder fixing releasing means of the present invention is fixed, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 shows a state in which the outer cylinder is fixed to a segment. Sectional view, ninth
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a continuous tunnel, FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a modification of the third embodiment. In the figure, 1, 2, 29 are shield machine, 3, 4, 30 are shield frame, 5 is ground, 6, 7, 31 is cutter, 11 is outer cylinder, 19 is outer cylinder fixing release means, 28 is It is a steel plate as an outer cylinder positioning means.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Ryusaburo Otsuka 13-Showa-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Nagoya Plant of Ishikawa-Shima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagoya Plant (56) References JP-A-1-102198 (JP, A) JP-A-63-118493 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) E21D 9/06

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for excavating a continuous tunnel by excavating one shield excavator in one direction and excavating another shield excavator in the opposite direction, and docking the excavators. An outer cylinder that is slidably fitted to the outer peripheral portion of one of the excavators, and that fits the front portion of the other excavator during docking, and that the outer cylinder and one of the excavators are fixed during their normal excavation. An outer cylinder fixing releasing means to be free at the time of docking; an outer cylinder positioning means to make the outer cylinder and the existing segment free at the time of normal excavation of one of the excavators and to fix at the time of docking; and a front part of the one of the excavators And a cutter functioning as a pressure receiving member for receiving the propulsive force of the other excavator during docking and retracting the one excavator with respect to the outer cylinder. Dockable shield machine. 2. A second shield excavator in which an outer cylinder is slidably fitted and a first shield excavator and a second shield excavator different from the first excavator are pierced so as to face each other. By moving the outer cylinder forward, the first
The shield excavator alone is pushed backward to fit the front of the second shield excavator into the outer cylinder, and a sealant is injected into a gap between the outer cylinder and the front of the second shield excavator to form a joint. Underground bonding shield method characterized by water blocking. 3. A shield excavator on a receiving side, on which an outer cylinder is slidably fitted, and a shield excavator on an insertion side other than the excavator are dug so as to face each other, and the excavators are docked with each other. In an apparatus for excavating a continuous tunnel, the diameter of the shield frame of the insertion side excavator is formed in accordance with the diameter of the outer cylinder of the receiving side excavator, and at the front of the shield frame of the insertion side excavator, An underground dockable shield excavator, wherein a small diameter portion that can be inserted into the outer cylinder is formed.