JP2763276B2 - Parent-child shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a parent-child shield excavator, and more particularly, to a parent shield machine having an annular parent cutter head, in which a child shield machine having a disk-shaped child cutter head is arranged. This is related to a parent-child shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In this kind of parent-child shield machine,
In the case where the feeding and discharging device is provided only in the pressure chamber of the child shield machine, both the pressure chambers of the parent and child can be taken into the pressure chamber of the child shield machine so that the earth and sand excavated by the parent cutter head can be taken into the pressure chamber of the child shield machine when the parent and child work together. Must be integrally formed. However, if the pressure chambers of the parent and child are formed integrally in this way, when excavating the child shield machine alone, the rear part of the child cutter head is not covered with a hood, so this part supports the ground. And there is a risk of land collapse or land subsidence.

[0003] In order to address such problems, methods disclosed in the following publications have been proposed. JP, 3-132597, A A side board (peripheral hood) which separates a pressure chamber of a parent shield machine from a pressure chamber of a child shield machine is provided in the circumference of a pressure chamber of a child shield machine behind a child cutter head. An opening communicating the two chambers is provided. In this way, the opening is kept open when the parent and child are integrally excavated, and the opening is closed by the slit opening / closing device when the child shield machine is independently excavated. JP, 6-43796, A A child cutter head is provided so that it can slide back and forth with respect to the skin plate of a child shield machine, and when excavating together with a parent and child, the child cutter head is slid forward and each of the parent and child shield machines is slid. The pressure chamber is formed integrally, and when the child shield machine is independently dug, the child cutter head is slid backward to form the chamber only with the child shield machine.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned method, since the opening communicating with both chambers is provided only in a part of the side plate, the excavated earth and sand is placed in the pressure chamber of the parent shield machine. There is a problem that a portion where the flow of the soil is stagnated easily occurs, and the sediment adheres to such a portion, thereby impairing the uptake and fluidity of excavated sediment.
In addition, since the pressure chamber of the parent shield machine does not perform a rotating motion, stagnation, accumulation and adhesion of the excavated earth and sand are particularly liable to occur on the inner peripheral side of the chamber due to gravity. In addition, there is a problem that the intake of the excavated soil becomes unbalanced in the circumferential direction. In addition, when the diameter difference between the large tunnel diameter of the parent shield machine and the small tunnel diameter of the child shield machine becomes smaller, the width of the pressure chamber of the parent shield machine becomes narrower and the fluidity of the excavated soil in the pressure chamber increases. It gets worse.

Although the above-mentioned method can solve the problems of the excavated sediment uptake and fluidity as described above, the mechanism is complicated because the child cutter head itself is slid back and forth. There is a problem that it has to be large-scale.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem. In a parent-child shield excavator capable of continuously excavating tunnels having different diameters with one shield excavator, a simpler excavator is provided. With the simple structure, the earth and sand excavated by the parent cutter head can be smoothly taken into the chamber of the child shield machine when the parent and child are integrally excavated, and the collapse of the surrounding ground can be prevented when the child shield machine is independently excavated The purpose is to do so.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a parent-child shield excavator according to the present invention includes a disk-shaped child machine inside a parent shield machine having an annular parent cutter head. In a parent-child shield excavating machine having a child shield machine having a cutter head, an earth and sand passage without an inner bottom is formed in the parent cutter head, and communicates with a chamber provided at a front part of the child shield machine and has an outer peripheral surface. Forming a sediment intake space in which the opening is formed in the child cutter head, and providing a rotational connection means for coupling the parent cutter head and the child cutter head so that the sediment passage and the sediment intake space communicate with each other. It is characterized by the following.

In the present invention, when excavating a large-diameter tunnel integrally with a parent and a child, both the soil and sand intake space of the child cutter head and the earth and sand passage of the parent cutter head corresponding to the earth and sand intake space communicate with each other. The cutter head is connected and fixed. When excavating in this state, the earth and sand excavated by the parent cutter head and taken in from the front of the parent cutter head,
Due to the rotation of the parent cutter head, it falls into the sediment intake space of the child cutter head through the sediment passage, then flows into the chamber of the child shield machine from the inner peripheral side of the sediment intake space, and out of the chamber. Is discharged. On the other hand, when excavating a small-diameter tunnel with the child shield machine alone, the connection between the parent cutter head and the child cutter head is released, and in this state, the sediment is taken into the chamber of the child shield machine from the sediment intake space. .

According to the present invention, since there is no inner bottom of the earth and sand passage, stagnation and adhesion of excavated earth and sand are less likely to occur, and the excavated earth and sand are excellent in fluidity and take-in. Also, even if the diameter difference between the large tunnel diameter and the small tunnel diameter becomes small, the fluidity of the excavated earth and sand is not hindered, but rather the fluidity improves, so it is applied to a parent-child shield excavator with a small diameter difference. It is also possible.
In addition, a shield machine capable of continuously excavating two or more types of tunnels having different diameters with one machine can be provided with a simple structure, so that shaft construction costs and machine costs can be reduced.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the bulk head of the parent shield machine is provided immediately after the parent cutter head, and the outer peripheral surface of the chamber is covered with a cylindrical hood. With such a configuration, the surrounding ground can be reliably supported by the hood during excavation by the child shield machine alone.

It is preferable that the bulkhead side of the earth and sand passage is opened. In this way, since the bulkhead moves relative to the parent cutter head, even if the soil passing through the sediment passage adheres to the bulkhead, the deposited soil is scraped with the rotation of the parent cutter head. It is not dropped and deposited.

Further, it is preferable that a bearing for rotatably supporting the parent cutter head with respect to the bulk head is provided on a front surface of the bulk head. If you do this,
Rotational connection means for supporting the thrust force acting on the front surface of the parent cutter head and the radial force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the parent cutter machine main body via bearings during parent excavation, and connecting the parent cutter head and the child cutter head. Need only support the rotational torque from the child cutter head side, and this rotary connecting means can be made relatively small and simple.

In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a partition member which can open and close the outer peripheral opening of the earth and sand intake space. When such a partition member is provided, when excavating soft ground with the child shield machine alone, it is possible to close the outer peripheral opening of the child cutter head and prevent intrusion of earth and sand from the opening, and It is possible to excavate without causing the collapse of the ground. When the parent and child are excavating together, the opening can be opened to allow the earth and sand to flow into the child shield machine side.

[0014] Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, while the detailed description and specific examples describe the most preferred embodiments, various modifications and variations within the spirit and scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description, and It is described as.

[0015]

Next, a specific embodiment of a parent-child shield machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a parent-child shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the parent-child shield machine.

The parent-child shield machine according to the present embodiment includes a parent shield machine 1 and a child shield machine 2 provided inside the parent shield machine 1. Parent shield machine 1
Comprises a front shield 1a and a rear shield 1b which is flexibly connected to the front shield 1a by an articulating jack 3 so that the parent shield jack 4 excavates underground. The parent shield machine 1 and the child shield machine 2 are detachably connected by a main body connection pin 5.

An annular bulkhead 1c (see FIG. 3) is provided at the front of the parent shield machine 1. An annular parent cutter head 8 is provided in front of the annular bulkhead 1c via a thrust / radial receiving bearing 7. It is supported so as to be rotatable around the central axis and not to fall off. Thus, the thrust force acting on the front surface of the parent cutter head 8 and the radial force applied to the outer peripheral surface during excavation are transmitted to the parent shield machine body via the thrust / radial receiving bearing 7.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the parent cutter head 8 is provided with a plurality of earth and sand passages 8c on both sides of a tool bit mounting beam 8a. The earth and sand passage 8c does not have a front plate and an inner bottom, and has side walls 8b, 8b on both sides.
The shape is defined by:

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the starting state of the child shield machine, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the child shield machine. The child shield machine 2 is concentrically housed in the parent shield machine 1 so that the child shield jack 2 can be started from the parent shield machine 1 by the propulsive force of the child shield jack 9. And a disk-shaped child cutter head 11 that is rotated by means of This child cutter head 11
It has a cross-shaped tool bit mounting beam 11a and a fan-shaped box 11d having an outer peripheral surface 11e having the same radius and arranged in a windmill shape between the tool bit mounting beams 11a. Then, between the side surface of the fan-shaped box 11d and the side surface of the tool bit attachment beam 11a, the center in the radial direction is closed and an opening 11f is formed on the outer peripheral side, and is defined by the side walls 11g, 11g. Sediment intake space 11c
Is formed, and the opening 11 of the earth and sand intake space 11c is formed.
f is connected and fixed so as to communicate with the sediment passage 8c of the parent cutter head 8, so that the excavated sediment is filled with the sediment intake space 1.
1c so as to be accepted. The excavation of the face is performed by cutters 11b attached to both sides of the tool bit attachment beam 11a. Thus, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter 11b is taken from the earth and sand intake space 11c into the chamber 2a provided in front of the child shield machine 2, and is fluidized by the muddy water injected from the mud pipe 12 in the chamber 2a. After that, the air is discharged backward through the exhaust pipe 13.

The parent cutter head 8 and the child cutter head 1
1, the rotational coupling means 1 for transmitting the rotational torque of the child cutter head 11 to the parent cutter head 8 side.
4 are provided. By connecting the parent cutter head 8 and the child cutter head 11 via the rotation connecting means 14, the earth and sand passage 8c and the earth and sand intake space 11c are fixed so as to communicate with each other.
With 0, the child cutter head 11 and the parent cutter head 8 are simultaneously driven to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral surface of a chamber 2a provided at the front of the child shield machine 2 is covered with a cylindrical hood 2b. The ground is supported by the hood 2b.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a copy cutter. The copy cutter 15 can be made to protrude and retract from the outer peripheral surface of the parent cutter head 8 by the copy jack 16 when the parent and child are dug. At the time of excavation by only the child shield machine 2, as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 17 denotes an agitator for stirring earth and sand taken into the chamber 2a, and reference numeral 18 denotes a segment 19 along the inner wall of the excavated tunnel.
Is a segment erector for assembling.

Next, the operation of the parent-child shield machine according to the present embodiment will be described.

When excavating a large-diameter tunnel, as shown in FIG.
The main cutter head 8 and the child cutter head 11 are connected by a rotary connecting means 14 while being connected to each other by a main body connecting pin 5 to be integrated. Thereby, the earth and sand passage 8c provided in the parent cutter head 8 and the earth and sand intake space 11c provided in the child cutter head 11 are fixed so as to communicate with each other (see FIG. 4). In this state, the child cutter head 11 and the parent cutter head 8 are driven by the child cutter head driving source 10.
Are simultaneously rotated, and the parent shield jack 4 excavates the parent shield machine 1 and the child shield machine 2 integrally while exposing the segment 19 to the reaction force to excavate a large-diameter tunnel.

At this time, the earth and sand excavated by the child cutter head 11 is taken into the chamber 2a from the earth and sand intake space 11c, and the earth and sand excavated by the parent cutter head 8 is taken into the bucket-shaped earth and sand passage 8c. Later, FIG.
As shown by the arrow a, the water flows into the sediment intake space 11c from the opening 11f on the outer peripheral side of the child cutter head 11, and is taken into the chamber 2a through the child cutter head 11.
The earth and sand contained in the chamber 2 a is mixed with muddy water injected by a mud pipe 12 to be slurried, and is discharged backward by a mud pipe 13.

On the other hand, when excavating a small-diameter tunnel continuously to the large-diameter tunnel, first, the segment erector 18 of the parent shield machine 1 and the auxiliary equipment are removed, and then the tail portion and the segment erector are provided on the child shield machine 2 side. 1
8 'and attached facilities (see FIG. 5). Next, the rotary connecting means 14 connecting the parent cutter head 8 and the child cutter head 11 is disconnected, and then the main body connecting pin 5 is pulled out to remove the parent shield machine 1 and the child shield machine 2.
Also disconnect between In this state, while the child cutter head 11 is rotated only by the child cutter head driving source 10, the small shield segment 19 'assembled to the rear of the child shield machine 2 is subjected to a reaction force while the child shield jack 9 is used. Dig 2

At the time of excavation of the child shield machine 2, the outer peripheral surface of the chamber 2a at the front of the child shield machine 2 is covered with the hood 2b. The occurrence of subsidence and the like can be prevented. Also, the outer peripheral surface of the child cutter head 11
Since it is covered with the outer peripheral plate 11e except for a small opening 11f, there is little danger of causing the surrounding ground to collapse.

When a very soft ground is taken into consideration, in order to surely prevent collapse of the ground at the opening 11f,
It is preferable to provide a partition member capable of opening and closing the opening 11f by an opening and closing mechanism in advance.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show an example of the partition member 20. FIG. As shown, the child cutter head 11
An actuator 21 composed of a hydraulic jack or the like is disposed inside the fan-shaped box 11d. A partition member 20 such as a piston rod is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract from the actuator 21 across the opening 11f. ing. In such a configuration, when the parent and child are excavating a large-diameter tunnel, the partition member 20 is immersed in the fan-shaped box 11d as shown in FIGS. When the small-diameter tunnel is excavated only by the child shield machine 2 alone, the partition member 20 is protruded from the actuator 21 and the
(A) As shown in (b), the opening 11f is closed to prevent earth and sand from entering through the opening 11f.

In this embodiment, the partition member 20 is formed in a rod shape. However, if the partition member 20 is formed in a plate shape so as to close the entire opening 11f, the intrusion of earth and sand can be ensured. Can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the parent cutter head 8 is supported on the parent shield machine body via the thrust / radial receiving bearing 7, so that it acts on the front surface of the parent cutter head 8 when the parent and child are integrally excavated. The thrust force and the radial force acting on the outer peripheral surface are supported by the main body of the parent shield machine via the thrust / radial receiving bearing 7, and the rotary connecting means 14 for connecting the parent cutter head 8 and the child cutter head 11 is provided with a child cutter. Only the rotational torque from the head 11 needs to be supported.
Can be made relatively small and simple.

Although the present embodiment has been described with reference to the case where the parent cutter head 8 is supported via the thrust / radial receiving bearing 7 as described above, the thrust / radial receiving bearing 7 is supported as shown in FIG. An embodiment in which no is provided is also possible. In this case, when excavating the small-diameter tunnel following the excavation of the large-diameter tunnel, the parent cutter head 8 is connected to the bulk head 1c of the parent shield machine 1 by a joint mechanism (not shown). It is necessary to support the parent cutter head 8. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the bulkhead 1c side 8d of the earth and sand passage 8c is completely opened to expose the bulkhead 1c to the earth and sand passage 8c. With this configuration, even if the ground to be excavated is clayey and the excavated earth and sand adheres to the inner surface of the bulkhead 1c side of the earth and sand passage 8c, in other words, the front surface of the bulkhead 1c, the parent cutter head 8 and the bulkhead 1c Is relatively rotated, the earth and sand attached to the front surface of the bulkhead 1c are not scraped off by the side surface of the earth and sand passage 8c and are not deposited, whereby the excavated earth and sand stay in the earth and sand passage 8c. There is no.

In this embodiment, the case where two types of tunnels having different diameters are continuously excavated has been described. However, the case where three or more types of tunnels having different diameters are excavated is also described.
The same can be implemented by increasing the number of shields.

Further, in this embodiment, a description has been given of an example in which the present invention is applied to a muddy shield excavator. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to an earth pressure type shield excavator.

As described above, it is apparent that the present invention can be variously modified. Such modifications do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications which are obvious to a person skilled in the art are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a parent-child shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the parent-child shield excavator of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view as seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a child shield machine starting state in the parent-child shield machine of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the child shield machine.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a partition member, wherein (a)
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 6, and FIG.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are operation explanatory views showing the partition member in an open and closed state, and FIG. 8B is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a parent-child shield machine according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 parent shield machine 1c bulkhead 2 child shield machine 2a chamber 2b hood 7 thrust / radial receiving bearing (bearing) 8 parent cutter head 8c earth and sand passage 11 child cutter head 11c earth and sand intake space 11f opening 14 rotary connection means 20 partition member 21 Actuator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Izumi Nishizawa, Inventor 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Inside the Komatsu Manufacturing Osaka Plant (72) Norio Mitani 3-1-1, Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Co., Ltd. Komatsu Ltd. Osaka factory (56) References JP-A-5-10086 (JP, A) JP-A-3-132597 (JP, A) JP-A-3-1977791 (JP, A) JP 6-43796 ( JP, B2) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/08

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A parent-child shield excavator in which a child shield machine having a disk-shaped child cutter head is disposed inside a parent shield machine having an annular parent cutter head, wherein the earth-sand passage having no inner bottom is provided. A sediment intake space formed in the parent cutter head, communicating with a chamber provided in the front part of the child shield machine and having an outer peripheral surface opened is formed in the child cutter head, and the sediment passage and the sediment intake space are formed. A parent and child shield excavator, wherein a rotary connecting means for connecting the parent cutter head and the child cutter head is provided so that the parent and child cutter heads communicate with each other. 2. The parent-child shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein a bulkhead of the parent shield machine is provided immediately after the parent cutter head, and an outer peripheral surface of the chamber is covered with a cylindrical hood. . 3. The parent-child shield excavator according to claim 2, wherein the bulkhead side of the earth and sand passage is opened. 4. The parent-child shield machine according to claim 3, wherein a bearing for rotatably supporting the parent cutter head with respect to the bulk head is provided on a front surface of the bulk head. 5. The parent-child shield excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a partition member capable of opening and closing an outer peripheral opening of the earth and sand intake space.