JP2777862B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for extracting and harvesting root crops from a field, transporting them to the rear of the machine, cutting the roots from the foliage, sorting the roots, and storing the roots in a container or a storage bag. The present invention relates to a self-propelled root crop harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, foliage of root vegetables such as carrots vegetated in a field is sandwiched between a pair of left and right endless bands.
With the progress of the aircraft, the roots are pulled out from the field and harvested, and the harvested root vegetables are transported while being lifted obliquely upward and rearward of the fuselage while holding the foliage, and the roots are cut from the foliage during this transport process A root crop harvesting machine is known in which a root portion cut and dropped is stored in a container, and the remaining foliage is discharged to the rear of the machine. A pair of left and right scraping belts are provided in front of the endless belt so as to rotate horizontally to scrape the foliage of the root vegetables, and at the rear side of the endless belt, rotate horizontally to remove the root vegetables. A discharge belt is provided to discharge the foliage of the species to the rear of the fuselage. In addition, a pair of left and right positioning belts is provided in the cutting processing unit that cuts the root from the foliage.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional root crop harvesting machine, a pair of left and right scraping belts are provided, so that the foliage can bite into the endless zone, but the foliage hangs laterally. If it fell or fell, it would pull out the root vegetables on the adjacent ridges, which could cause poor pulling or cutting errors. Further, there is a problem that the discharge belt cannot cope with the amount of foliage discharge.
Furthermore, if only a pair of left and right positioning belts are provided in the cutting processing section, the root portion where the foliage is pinched and conveyed by the endless belt is shaken by inertial force or machine vibration, so that the cutting position with respect to the cutting blade is not constant. , The cut surface may be inclined,
There were problems such as injuries to the shoulders.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: On the traveling body, behind the excavating blade 8 that excavates root vegetables C vegetated in the field while oscillating back and forth,
Harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6 are provided, which hold the foliage S by a pair of left and right endless belts, pull them out of the field and harvest them, and transport the harvested root vegetables C while lifting them toward the rear of the machine.
Root crop C
A root vegetable provided with a foliage processing device 10 for cutting the foliage portion S from the root portion R, and a horizontal feed conveyor 11 disposed below the foliage processing device 10 for receiving the cut and falling root portion R and transporting the same in the horizontal direction. In the kind harvesting machine 1, the foliage S of the root crop C vegetated in the field is scraped in front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6 and guided to the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6; Mechanism 9 comprising a pair of left and right endless belts which rotate in the substantially vertical direction opposite to each other with the
And a foliage discharge mechanism comprising a drive belt 17 and guide rods 17a provided vertically above and below the drive belt 17 at the transport end of the harvest / transport belts 6, 6 so that the discharge direction can be adjusted. B. The foliage processing apparatus 10 is connected to the harvesting / transporting zone 6,6.
And a pair of cutting positioning rolls 25 having a shape for positioning the upper edge of the root R of the root crop C in a horizontal state.
5, a guide roller 25a made of an elastic body provided coaxially and integrally and a disk-shaped cutter blade 26 that rotates in the horizontal direction, and is selected near the transverse feed conveyor 11. It is characterized in that a plurality of containers 31 for accommodating the root R are provided.

[0005]

With the above arrangement, the root crop harvester of the present invention performs the following operations. . In front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6,6, there are a number of scraping claws 9a on the outer periphery, which lift up the foliage S of the root vegetables C vegetated in the field and guide them to the harvesting / transporting zones 6,6. And a scraping mechanism 9 comprising a pair of left and right endless belts which rotate in a substantially vertical direction opposite to each other, and a driving belt 17 and a driving belt 17 And a guide rod 17a provided above and below with the guide rod 17a provided therebetween so that the discharge direction can be adjusted. Therefore, the foliage S of the root crop C of the ridge to be harvested is scraped directly above by the scraping mechanism 9. Therefore, it is not necessary to guide the harvesting / transporting belts 6 and 6 without fail to pinch / transport and extract the root vegetables C of the adjacent strip. Further, the foliage S whose roots R have been cut by the foliage discharge mechanism is reliably discharged outside the machine, so that the foliage does not enter the horizontal conveyor 11 or the container 31. . A pair of cutting and positioning rolls 25 having a shape for positioning the upper edge of the root R of the root crop C which is conveyed while the foliage S is sandwiched and conveyed by the harvesting / transporting belts 6 and 6 in a horizontal state. And a guide roller 25a made of an elastic body provided coaxially and integrally under the cutting positioning roll 25, and a disk-shaped cutter blade 2 rotating in the horizontal direction.
6 and in the vicinity of the horizontal conveyor 11
Since the plurality of containers 31 accommodating the selected roots R are provided, the foliage processing apparatus 10 positions the upper edge of the roots R in a horizontal state and cuts the roots R from the foliage S accurately. In addition, the sorted products sorted by the horizontal conveyor 11 are as follows.
It is separated and stored in a plurality of containers 31.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a root vegetable harvester (applied to a ginseng harvester in this embodiment).
The root crop harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and enable super turning. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the body between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a hydraulic unit 4 driven by the engine 3 is mounted in the vicinity of the engine. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 2 and 2 at a position rearward of the engine 3 so that the crawlers 2 and 2 can be shifted and steered. In addition, from the lower front near the one side of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the upper part of the fuselage, the foliage S of the carrot C vegetated in the field is nipped and pulled out, and the upper and lower two stages are transported while being lifted backward. A pair of left and right pull-out transport belts 6 and 6
It is supported by.

[0007] Below the front portions of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6,
A digging blade 8 for digging below the ginseng C in the field is provided.
And a scooping mechanism 9, 9 for scooping up the foliage portion S and guiding it to the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6. A large number of scraping claws 9a, 9a,... Are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the two scraping mechanisms 9, and are driven by a motor or a flexible tube (not shown). A foliage processing device 10 for cutting the foliage S at a predetermined position from the root R of the carrot C is provided below the rear end side of the transportation of the pull-out conveyance belts 6 and 6, and the foliage S is cut below the foliage processing device 10. A horizontal conveyor 11 composed of a bar-type conveyor is provided for performing sorting while receiving and transporting the roots R that are dropped. A seat 12 for a sorting operator is detachably provided behind the lateral feed conveyor 11.

The pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 pivotally support the rear portion of the support frame 7 at the upper ends of the support frames 14, 14 erected from the rear horizontal frame 13 of the body so as to be rotatable up and down around a fulcrum 14a. The front portion of the support frame 7 is supported via a hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to a front horizontal frame 15 of the machine body, and the front end side is vertically moved by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 16. Further, the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 move the support frames 14, 14 in the left-right direction, that is, in the width direction of the machine body, with respect to the rear horizontal frame 13, and the base of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front horizontal frame 15. It is possible.

A base of a foliage discharge belt 17 is coaxially supported at one of the rear end rotating portions of the pull-out conveyance belts 6 and 6 and extends toward the rear end of the machine body. Hold the cut foliage S between the guide rod 17a.
It is transported and discharged to the rear of the machine. The foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a are movable on the end side in the left-right direction.
Is provided with a foliage discharge cover 18 for preventing the falling of the foliage into a container 31 described later. The control unit 19 and the step 2
0, a control seat 21 and the like. During the straight running work of the aircraft, the pilot operator sitting on the pilot seat 21 can also participate in the sorting operation.

[0010] Then, the pull-out conveying belts 6, 6 include:
Power is transmitted to one of them via a transmission system 22, and the rotation shaft 23 and the transmission unit 24 are
, The power is transmitted to the other pulling and conveying belt 6 so that the pulling and conveying belts 6 and 6 rotate inward each other. In addition, power is transmitted coaxially from the pull-out conveyor belts 6 and 6 to the foliage discharge belt 17, and power is also transmitted to the foliage processing apparatus 10 by a transmission system (not shown). The foliage processing apparatus 10 includes a pair of cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 that rotate inward together, and guide rollers 25 a, 25 provided below the cutting positioning rolls 25, made of an elastic material such as sponge.
a, and a disk-shaped cutter blade 26, and the root R of the carrot C, which is conveyed by the pull-out conveyance belts 6, 6, is positioned by the guide rollers 25a, 25a.
The foliage S is cut from a predetermined position.

On the other hand, the digging and raising blade 8 is supported by the lower arm 27 and the upper link 28 so as to be vertically movable with respect to the machine body, and is adjusted vertically by the expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder 29 inserted between the lower arm 27 and the machine body. Has become. A vibration crank mechanism 30 is connected to the upper link 28 to reciprocate (vibrate) the digging and raising blade 8 back and forth around a support portion with the lower arm 27.
The ginseng C vegetated in the field is dug up below the root R of the ginseng so that the ginseng C can be pulled out by the pulling-out conveyor belts 6, 6 with a small resistance.

Around the horizontal feed conveyor 11, on the left, right and front sides of the sorting operator's seat 12, roots R (objects to be sorted) conveyed by the horizontal feed conveyor 11 can be separated and accommodated in a plurality of types. Are arranged. These containers 31, 31,... May be replaced with storage bags. In addition, these containers 31, 31
, Or the storage bag is placed on a support base supported by the body, and it is desirable that the support base be configured to be folded toward the body when the containers 31, 31... Or the storage bag are not used. .

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, and is cut from the root R of the carrot C. The cutting height of the foliage S is adjustable. This adjustment allows the root to be cut to a desired cutting height in accordance with the type, regionality, marketability, etc. of root vegetables in addition to ginseng.

Root vegetable (carrot) harvester 1 having such a configuration
First, the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 are moved to the appropriate positions by the lateral movement of the support frames 14, 14 with respect to the rear lateral frame 13 and the lateral movement of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front lateral frame 15 in accordance with the cropping system. Fix it. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two rows of ginseng C vegetated in a field are simultaneously harvested. In a state where the pull-out conveyor belts 6 and 6, the digging and raising blade 8, the scraping mechanisms 9 and 9, the foliage processing device 10, and the foliage discharge belt 17 are respectively driven, the pilot is on the pilot seat 21 and the sorting is While sitting on the seat 12, the pilot operates the pilot 19, and the aircraft performs harvesting while traveling by the crawlers 2 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ginseng C row vegetated in the field is dug up by the excavating blade 8 which is vibrated by the vibrating crank mechanism 30 and the upper link 28 as shown in FIG. , The foliage S of the carrot C is scraped up by the scraping mechanism 9, 9, and the pull-out conveyor belt 6
Guided to 6. At this time, since the crawlers 2 and 2 can turn on the spot, the movement correction for changing the movement (harvesting) direction of the machine body can be easily performed even when the digging blade 8 is in the soil. Also, the scraping mechanisms 9, 9 are provided with the scraping claws 9a, 9a,..., So that the action of scraping the foliage S is favorably performed.

The foliage S of the ginseng C, which has been scraped up by the scraping mechanisms 9, 9, is guided and guided by the starting ends of the pulling-out conveyor belts 6, 6, is lightly pulled out of the field and lifted toward the rear of the machine. It is conveyed while going up. When the root R of the carrot C reaches the position of the foliage processing apparatus 10, the root R is guided by being drawn between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 and the guide rollers 25a, 25a rotating inward each other. S is the pull-out conveyor belt 6,6
As a result, the upper edge of the root R is positioned by the guide rollers 25a, 25a. In this state, the foliage S to the root R are cut by the cutter blade 26.
Is cut at a predetermined position, and the root portion R falls onto the horizontal feed conveyor 11 and is conveyed in the horizontal direction.

The roots R placed on the horizontal feed conveyor 11 and conveyed in the horizontal direction are used to prevent soil and foreign substances adhering to the roots R from dropping from the bar conveyor during the conveyance and to reduce the number of seats 1.
The size of the root portion R is determined by the sorting operator sitting in the vehicle 2 and the pilot operator sitting in the pilot seat 21 (while the aircraft is running straight).
They are sorted into shapes, rotten ones, broken ones, erroneous cuts, etc., and each is stored in a plurality of containers 31 or storage bags. The foliage S that has been cut off from the root R and remains between the pull-out conveyor belts 6 is further conveyed to the rear through the foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a and discharged to a field behind the machine. Foliage discharge belt 17, guide rod 17
The discharge position of the foliage S by the a is determined by the foliage discharge belt 17,
The guide rod 17a can be freely selected in the rotation range of the transport end portion.

In the foliage processing apparatus 10, the root R which is moved while the foliage S is sandwiched between the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 is drawn between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 and the guide rollers 25a, 25a. The foliage S is pulled upward by the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, and the upper edge (shoulder) of the root R is guided by the guide rollers 25a,
25a, and the cutter blade 26 is positioned in this state.
Thereby, the root R can be cut at a predetermined position from the foliage S almost exactly.

Further, since the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, the cutting height of the foliage S cut from the root R of the carrot C is reduced. You can choose freely. This adjustment allows cutting to a desired cutting height in accordance with the type, regionality, marketability, and the like of root vegetables in addition to ginseng.

[0020]

As described above, according to the root crop harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . In front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6,6, there are a number of scraping claws 9a on the outer periphery, which lift up the foliage S of the root vegetables C vegetated in the field and guide them to the harvesting / transporting zones 6,6. And a scraping mechanism 9 comprising a pair of left and right endless belts which rotate in a substantially vertical direction opposite to each other, and a driving belt 17 and a driving belt 17 And a guide rod 17a provided up and down with the guide rod 17a provided therebetween so that the discharge direction can be adjusted, so that only the foliage S of the root crop C of the ridge to be harvested is scraped by the scraping mechanism 9 directly above. Raised and guided to the harvesting / conveying belts 6 and 6 for pinching / conveying, and the root vegetables C of the adjacent strips are not pulled out to cause poor pulling or cutting failure. In addition, the foliage discharge mechanism can reliably transport and discharge the foliage S regardless of the number of foliage S that is cut off at the root R and conveyed by the harvesting / transportation belts 6 and 6. There is no mixing in the horizontal feed conveyor 11 or the container 31. . A pair of cutting and positioning rolls 25 having a shape for positioning the upper edge of the root R of the root crop C which is conveyed while the foliage S is sandwiched and conveyed by the harvesting / transporting belts 6 and 6 in a horizontal state. And a guide roller 25a made of an elastic body provided coaxially and integrally under the cutting positioning roll 25, and a disk-shaped cutter blade 2 rotating in the horizontal direction.
6 and in the vicinity of the horizontal conveyor 11
Since the plurality of containers 31 accommodating the selected roots R are provided, the roots R are stably fixed in a horizontal state by the cutting positioning rolls 25 and the guide rollers 25a of the foliage processing apparatus 10, and the roots R are fixed from the foliage S by the cutter blade 26. The root portion R can be accurately cut from a predetermined position. In addition, the sorted materials sorted by the horizontal feed conveyor 11 include a plurality of containers 3
They can be accommodated in a state separated into one.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the foliage scraping device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the foliage processing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Root crop (carrot) harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic unit 5 Transmission 6 Pull-out conveyance belt 7 Support frame 8 Digging blade 9 Raising mechanism 10 Foliage treatment device 11 Lateral feed conveyor (bar type conveyor) 12 Sorting worker Seat 13 Rear horizontal frame 14a Support point 14 Support frame 15 Front horizontal frame 16, 29 Hydraulic cylinder 17 Foliage carrying belt 17a Guide rod 18 Foliage discharge cover 19 Operating section 20 Step 21 Operating seat 22 Transmission system 23 Rotating shaft 24 Transmission section 25 Cutting Positioning roll 25a Guide roller 26 Cutter blade 27 Lower arm 28 Upper link 30 Vibration crank mechanism 31 Container C Ginseng S Foliage R Root

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 25/04 A01D 33/02 A01D 33/10

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A digging method for excavating root vegetables (C) vegetated in a field while reciprocating back and forth on a traveling machine body.
Behind the blade (8), the foliage (S) is pinched by a pair of left and right endless belts, pulled out from the field and harvested, and the harvested root vegetables (C) are transported while being lifted toward the rear of the machine body. A harvesting / transporting zone (6, 6) is provided , and a root portion of root crops (C) is provided below the rear end of the harvesting / transporting zone (6.6).
Foliage processing device (1 ) for cutting foliage (S) from (R)
0) , and cut under the foliage processing apparatus (10).
Lateral transport that receives the root (R) that falls down and conveys it in the horizontal direction
In the root crop harvester (1) provided with the conveyor (11), the foliage (S) of the root crop (C) vegetated in the field is located in front of the harvesting / conveying zone (6, 6). the scooped up, and guides to harvest and transport band (6,6), claw raised a number of scraping the outer peripheral portion
A scraping mechanism (9) comprising a pair of left and right endless belts (9a), which rotate substantially vertically in opposition to each other ,
A drive belt is provided at the transport end of the harvest / transport zone (6, 6).
(17) and the drive belt (17).
Foliage discharge mechanism comprising a guide rod (17a)
Root crop harvester characterized in that the discharge direction is adjustable . 2. The method according to claim 2, wherein the foliage processing apparatus (10) is mounted on the harvester.
-The foliage (S) is interposed and transported by the transport belt (6, 6).
Horizontally move the upper edge of the root (R) of the root vegetables (C) that are sent
A pair of cutting positioning rolls shaped to position
(25) and under the cutting positioning roll (25)
Guide roller made of elastic body provided coaxially and integrally
(25a) and a disk-shaped cutter blade rotating in the horizontal direction
(26), and the horizontal feed conveyor (11).
A plurality of containers accommodating the selected roots (R)
The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that a tena (31) is provided.