JP2779535B2 - Press equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a press device which eliminates a rigid frame and has high dynamic accuracy and is resistant to eccentric load.

[Conventional technology]

Recently, demands for high working accuracy and high productivity in press working have been further increased.

That is, a multi-stage mold for automation by a robot and progressive feeding is frequently used, and in order to cope with this, a high rigidity press which is resistant to eccentric load and has high dynamic accuracy is desired. However, a press having a structure that satisfies all of them is large and expensive at present.

Representative examples of the press frame include a C-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 9 and a gate-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 10, all of which have a rigid structure. C
The shaped frame has a smaller pressing force and a lower processing accuracy than the portal frame, so that the portal frame is used for high-pressure and high-precision processing.

In any of the frames, when a pressing force and a reaction force are applied during processing, the bed 52 and the crown 54 are deformed as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

The ram 56 and the bed 52 are attached to the upper and lower molds of the mold, respectively. During processing, the pressing force and its reaction force act as a bending moment on the bed 52 and the ram 56. Then, these are deformed, and by the deformation of the bed portion 52 and the ram portion 56, the mold mounted thereon is deformed. When the mold is deformed, the processing accuracy is reduced and the service life is shortened.

Here, among the deformations of the frame of the press, particularly the deformation caused by the bending moment adversely affects the processing accuracy and the life of the mold, so that the bending deformation must be minimized.

In order to reduce the bending deformation of the rigid frame, it is necessary to increase its rigidity. In order to increase the rigidity of the frame, the bed part 52 and the crown part
It is necessary to increase the section modulus of the components such as 54 and the ram portion 56, and for this purpose, it is effective to increase the height of each member.

If the height of the bed part 52, the crown part 54 and the ram part 56 constituting the frame is increased, the overall height of the frame is increased, and when a large press is used, pits must be dug to partially bury the bed part. In addition to being unable to be installed in the factory building, the total weight of the press increases, and in addition to these problems, large structures such as the bed section 52, the crown section 54, the ram section 56, and the upright section 58 need to be leveled. In addition, it is difficult to assemble with high accuracy while maintaining the verticality, and also powerfully, which leads to an increase in cost.

Also, as shown in FIG. 11, by mounting a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60 on the crown portion 54 of the frame, and raising and lowering the ram portion 56 by these hydraulic cylinders 60,
To realize a multi-point hydraulic press resistant to eccentric load, a tuning mechanism for synchronizing the operations of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60 is indispensable, and this tuning mechanism is complicated.
Moreover, it becomes expensive.

Further, in a mechanical crank press as shown in FIG. 12, a crank rod 62 and a plunger 64 are connected by a connecting rod 66, and a ram portion 56 is attached to the plunger 64, and The jar 64 slides in the plunger guide 68, and the plunger guide 68 removes the horizontal component Px of the pressing force P to improve the dynamic accuracy. . However, if a mechanism for removing the horizontal component of the pressing force by the plunger and the plunger guide is provided, the press becomes large and expensive.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention abandons the general concept of a conventional pressing device using a rigid frame, and connects a bed and a ram with two pairs of pull links and two pairs of lever links, so that each link is connected. The object of the present invention is to make it possible to inexpensively manufacture an energy-saving press device having a low overall height, high dynamic accuracy, and high resistance to eccentric load by synchronously operating the press device with a cylinder device.

[Means for solving the problem]

The press device according to the present invention is arranged such that a pair of rams are arranged on the bed so as to be able to ascend and descend via a guide portion, and a pair of rams are arranged on both side surfaces of the bed in a symmetric manner with respect to a vertical center line of the surface. Then, two pairs of lever links whose lower ends are supported on the bed via lever link support shafts and two pairs of lever links are arranged on both side surfaces of the ram in a symmetrical manner with respect to the vertical center line. And a lower end portion provided with two pairs of pull links supported by the ram via a pull link support shaft, and a total of eight links of the two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links. Each of the four links, which are divided into four by the vertical center line, are connected via a common connection shaft arranged in the horizontal direction, and the two connection shafts are connected by one cylinder device. Configuration , It is set to its features.

[Function of the invention]

When the cylinder device is operated, the four lever links rotate reciprocally around the respective lever link support shafts, and the four pull links are pulled by the reciprocating rotation of each lever link. A reciprocating rotation operation is performed about the support shaft. By this linking motion, the ram is guided by the guide portion provided on the bed, and moves up and down between the rising end position and the falling end position. The reaction force of the pressing force acts on the lever link support shaft, and Pressing is continuously performed between an upper mold attached to the lower surface of the bed and a lower mold attached to the upper surface of the bed.

Also, the pull link whose lower end is connected to the ram,
Since the upper end is connected to the connecting shaft and the central portion has a free structure, the vertical length of the lower end of the pull link can be increased and the stroke of the ram can be increased.

〔Example〕

1 to 6 show a press device according to the present invention.

On both sides of the bed 2, ram guides 6 for guiding the ram 4 up and down are provided integrally with the bed 2.
The pair of ram guides 6 are provided to face each other at a predetermined interval along the lateral direction Q of the bed 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a guide plate 8 is attached to the front and back of each ram guide 6 along a vertical direction via a fixing bolt 10, and the guide plate 8 It protrudes inward from the inner surface of the guide 6 by a predetermined length.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the ram 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and fitting grooves 12 are provided at four corners along a vertical direction. Two shaft insertion holes 14 for inserting the link support shaft 16 are provided horizontally at a predetermined interval. The above-described guide plate 8 is fitted into fitting grooves 12 provided at the four corners of the ram 4.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, in a state where the guide plate 8 fixed to the ram guide 6 is fitted in the fitting groove 12 of the ram 4, a pair of ram guides 6 provided opposite to each other is provided. The ram 4 is fitted so as to be able to move up and down.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a pair of lever link support shafts 16 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line C on the side surface of the bed 2 and integrated with both sides of the bed 2. Is horizontally supported by a ram guide 6 provided at the center. The lever link support shaft 16 is inserted into a shaft insertion hole 14 provided in the ram 4, and extends along the lateral direction Q of the bed 2.

A pair of pull link bearing shafts 18 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical center line C on the side surface of the bed 2 and are horizontally supported at a predetermined interval on the upper end of the ram 4. Therefore,
The pull link bearing shaft 18 is also along the lateral direction Q of the bed 2.

A pair of lever links is provided on each side of the ram guide 6.
The lower end of each lever link 20 is supported on a lever link support shaft 16. Further, a pair of pull links 22 are arranged on both side surfaces of the ram 4, and the lower end of each pull link 22 is supported on the pull link support shaft 18. Therefore, two lever links 20 and two pull links 22 are arranged on both sides of the vertical center line C on the side surface of the bed 2. For this reason, the two pairs of lever links 20 and the two pairs of pull links 22 are divided back and forth by the vertical center line C, and the upper ends of the four links 20 and 22 on the front side and the rear side are shared. Are connected by a connecting shaft 24.

The two connection shafts 24 are connected by one cylinder device 26. That is, the cylinder body 28 is supported on one connection shaft 24, and the knuckle 30 is supported on the other connection shaft 24. The tip of the rod 32 of the cylinder device 26 is connected to the knuckle 30.

An upper mold 34 and a lower mold 36 are attached to the lower surface of the ram 4 and the upper surface of the bed 2, respectively.

Next, the operation of the above-described press device will be described.
7 and 8 show that the ram 4 is at the rising end,
And at the lower end.

When the cylinder device 26 is operated to move the rod 32 in and out, the four lever links 20 perform reciprocating pivotal movement synchronously with each lever link support shaft 16 as a center, and the reciprocating rotation of each lever link 20 is performed. Four pull links by dynamic movement
22 makes a reciprocating pivotal movement about the pull link support shaft 18. By this linking motion, the ram 4 is guided by the ram guide 6 to move up and down between the rising end position and the falling end position shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively. Acting on shaft 16, upper mold 34 and lower mold
The press work is continuously performed between 36 and.

Here, the two pairs of lever links 20 and the two pairs of pull links 22 for raising and lowering the ram 4 perform reciprocating rotations in synchronization with each other, so that the parallelism with respect to the bed 2 is maintained at a high level. The ram 4 moves up and down. For this reason, the dynamic accuracy of the press device is maintained high, and as a result, the accuracy of the press working is increased. Also, at the time of press working, the lever link support shaft 16 becomes a load point. However, since two lever link support shafts 16 are provided, as shown in FIG. The horizontal component Px of the applied pressure P is offset, and only the vertical component Py effective for pressurization remains. For this reason, the horizontal component force Px irrespective of the pressurization is not applied to the guide portions such as the guide plate 8 and the ram guide 6, so that the dynamic accuracy of the ram 4 is improved.

〔The invention's effect〕

(1) Since the bed and the ram are hinged to each other by two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links, and each of the links is reciprocally rotated by a single cylinder device, The rigid press frame and the crown portion, which are indispensable in the conventional press device, are eliminated. For this reason, a press device with high dynamic accuracy, high resistance to eccentric load, and low overall height can be manufactured at low cost.

(2) Since two lever link bearing shafts serving as load points are provided on each side of the bed, and the horizontal component of the pressing force applied to each lever link bearing shaft is offset from each other, Unlike a conventional crank press, there is no need to provide a complicated and expensive plunger guide to remove the horizontal component of the pressing force, and it is possible to realize a press device with a simple mechanism and high dynamic accuracy. .

(3) In the case of a hydraulic press configured to raise and lower the ram using a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, a tuning mechanism for each hydraulic cylinder is indispensable, and the overall mechanism becomes complicated. The press device is configured to raise and lower the ram by synchronizing two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links with one cylinder device, so that a tuning mechanism in a conventional hydraulic press is not required.

(4) Since the press and the bed and the ram are hinged to each other by two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links, the horizontality and the verticality of each component are accurately determined. Compared to a conventional press device having a frame having a rigid structure that holds and rigidly couples each constituent member, assembling is simplified, and accuracy in assembling is also simplified.

(5) The pull link whose lower end is connected to the ram
Since the upper end is connected to the connecting shaft and the central portion has a free structure, the vertical length of the lower end of the pull link can be increased and the stroke of the ram can be increased.

(6) The two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links are configured to move only in the front-rear direction of the bed where the worker is located and not to move in the lateral direction during the press operation. Therefore, the substantial occupied area of the press device can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 8 are views for explaining the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a press device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing a state in which the ram 4 is located at a lower end, FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the ram 4, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are side cross-sectional views in a state where the ram 4 is located at an ascending end and a descending end, respectively. 9 to 11 are views for explaining a conventional press apparatus. FIG. 9 is a side view of a press apparatus having a C-shaped press frame, and FIG. 10 is a portal press. FIG. 11 is a front view of a press device having a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60, and FIG. 12 is a view of a portion of a plunger guide 68 of a plunger of a crank press. . The description of the reference numerals of the main parts constituting the present invention is as follows. C: Vertical center line of the side of the bed Q: Lateral of the bed, 2: Bed 4: Ram, 6: Ram guide 16: Lever link support shaft 18: Pull link support shaft, 20: Lever link 22: Pull link, 24 : Connecting rod 26: Cylinder device

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A ram arranged above and below a bed via a guide portion so as to be able to ascend and descend, and a pair of rams are arranged on both side surfaces of the bed symmetrically with respect to a vertical center line of the surface. Two pairs of lever links whose lower ends are supported by the bed via a lever link support shaft, and a pair of lever links are arranged on both side surfaces of the ram, each pair being symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line. A lower end portion includes two pairs of pull links supported by the ram via a pull link support shaft, and the vertical portion of the total of eight links including the two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links is provided. Each of the four links, which are divided back and forth by the center line, are connected via a common connection shaft arranged in a lateral direction, and the two connection shafts are connected by one cylinder device, Operation of the device Wherein the two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links are operated synchronously to raise and lower the ram.