JP2789712B2 - How to detect suspended matter in water - Google Patents
How to detect suspended matter in waterInfo
- Publication number
- JP2789712B2 JP2789712B2 JP1246466A JP24646689A JP2789712B2 JP 2789712 B2 JP2789712 B2 JP 2789712B2 JP 1246466 A JP1246466 A JP 1246466A JP 24646689 A JP24646689 A JP 24646689A JP 2789712 B2 JP2789712 B2 JP 2789712B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- water
- waveform
- ultrasonic wave
- jellyfish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 31
- 241000242583 Scyphozoa Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、水中浮遊物の検知方法に関するもので、た
とえば、発電所またはその他のプラントの冷却水取水口
の沖側に、くらげの大群などの水中浮遊物が来たことを
検知して、その水中浮遊物が前記取水口に侵入すること
を防止するための排除対策をする場合の、水中浮遊物発
見の信号として利用されるものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for detecting underwater suspended solids, for example, a large group of jellyfish off the cooling water intake of a power plant or other plant. It is used as a signal to detect underwater floats when detecting the arrival of underwater floats and taking exclusion measures to prevent the underwater floats from entering the intake port. .
従来から、発電用蒸気の復水の際の冷却用水には、海
水が使用されているが、時には、その海水にくらげが異
状発生し、そのくらげが海水とともに冷却水取水口から
吸い込まれフイルタに詰まり、冷却吸水量が減少し、発
電所の運転が不能になることがある。Conventionally, seawater has been used as cooling water when condensing steam for power generation, but jellyfish sometimes develops abnormally in the seawater, and the jellyfish is sucked into the filter together with the seawater from the cooling water intake. Clogging, reduced cooling water absorption, and inoperable power plants.
これを防止するため、たとえば、第１の手段として、
特公昭62−6044号公報、第２の手段として、特開昭61−
254712号公報、第３の手段として、特開昭51−139146号
公報、第４の手段として、実開昭61−134274号公報など
に記載されている方式が知られている。To prevent this, for example, as a first means,
Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-6044 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 254712 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 61-134274 are known as a third means and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-134274 as a fourth means.
しかし、上記第１の手段では、温排水の流速を大きく
して海面下の放水口から放流し、その下位の取水口から
微流速で冷却水が流入させるもので、これは大量のくら
げが発生した場合には、微流速とはいうものの、取水口
へそのくらげが吸い込まれることを防止することは期待
できない。また上記第２の手段では、取水装置の周囲
に、くらげ流入防止ネツトを設けるもので、これは大量
にくらげが発生した場合には、該ネツトにそのくらげが
付着し、取水量が減少することが避けられなく、さら
に、、上記第３および第４の手段では、取水口付近のく
らげを捕集しようとするもので、やはり、大量に発生し
たくらげを、取水口に吸い込まれないようにすること
は、非常に困難である。However, in the first means, the flow rate of the warm drainage is increased to discharge from the water outlet below the sea surface, and the cooling water flows in at a low flow rate from the lower intake port, which causes a large amount of jellyfish. In such a case, it cannot be expected to prevent the jellyfish from being sucked into the water intake, though the flow velocity is very small. In the second means, a jellyfish inflow prevention net is provided around the water intake device. When a large amount of jellyfish occurs, the jellyfish adheres to the net and reduces the amount of water intake. In addition, in the third and fourth means, the jellyfish near the water intake is to be collected, so that the jellyfish generated in a large amount is not sucked into the water intake. That is very difficult.
そこで、本発明者等は、くらげが大量に発生しても、
あるいは海中にごみなどが大量に浮遊していても、冷却
水取水口に、そのくらげやごみなどが吸い込まれないよ
うにした水中浮遊物の排除装置を提案し、実願昭63−14
3440号、実願平１−43011号、特願平１−124197号、実
願平１−124198号、実願平１−57089号、実願平１−581
65号、実願平１−58166号などとして出願している。Therefore, the present inventors, even if jellyfish occurs in large quantities,
Or, even if a large amount of garbage is floating in the sea, we proposed a device to remove underwater floating matter that prevents jellyfish and garbage from being sucked into the cooling water intake.
No. 3440, No. 1-43011, No. 1-124197, No. 1-124198, No. 1-57089, No. 1-581
No. 65 and Japanese Utility Model Application No. 1-58166.
上記出願のものは、冷却水取水口の前方の海底に、上
昇流発生装置を設置し、該上昇流発生装置により上昇流
を作り出し、海中のくらげやごみなどの水中浮遊物をそ
の上昇流に乗せて水面近くに浮上せしめ、該水中浮遊物
が前記取水口に接近しないようにして排除するものであ
る。In the above-mentioned application, an ascending flow generator is installed on the seabed in front of a cooling water intake, and an ascending flow is created by the ascending flow generator, and underwater floating substances such as jellyfish and garbage in the sea are converted into the ascending flow. It is put on and floated near the surface of the water, and the suspended matter in the water is removed so as not to approach the intake port.
しかしながら、上記出願のものは、上昇流発生装置
を、水中浮遊物が到来することを予期して運転するの
で、結果として、水中浮遊物の到来しない時の運転は、
無駄な運転となってしまい、経済的でないという問題点
がある。However, since the thing of the above-mentioned application operates an upflow generator in anticipation of the underwater floating thing coming, as a result, the operation when the underwater floating thing does not come,
There is a problem that the operation becomes useless and is not economical.
本発明は、上記の問題点を解決できるようにした水中
浮遊物の検知方法に関するものである。すなわち、本発
明は、水中浮遊物の有無を確実に検知することができ
て、水中浮遊物の排除装置の無駄な運転をさせないよう
にする水中浮遊物の検知方法を提供することを目的とす
るものである。The present invention relates to a method for detecting suspended matter in water, which can solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of detecting an underwater floating object that can reliably detect the presence or absence of an underwater floating object and prevent the useless operation of the apparatus for removing an underwater floating object. Things.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の水中浮遊物の検
知方法は、海水を冷却水として導入する冷却水取水口の
前方の一側の水中に超音波発振装置（３）を設置し、前
記冷却水取水口の前方の他側の水中に前記超音波発振装
置に対向させて超音波受信装置（４）を設置し、前記前
記超音波発振装置から前記超音波受信装置に向けて超音
波を発振して、該超音波発振装置から発振された超音波
の波形（ａ）または水中浮遊物がない時に受信された超
音波の波形（ａ）と該超音波受信装置で受信された超音
波の波形（ｂ）とをそれぞれフーリエ解析により周波数
分析し、高長波の有無から冷却水取水口に侵入しようと
する水中浮遊物の有無を検知するようにした。In order to achieve the above object, the method for detecting suspended solids in water according to the present invention comprises: installing an ultrasonic oscillator (3) in water on one side in front of a cooling water intake for introducing seawater as cooling water; An ultrasonic receiver (4) is installed in the water on the other side in front of the cooling water intake port so as to face the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the ultrasonic oscillator to the ultrasonic receiver. Oscillates, the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillation device or the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave received when there is no floating substance in the water and the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic reception device The waveform (b) was subjected to frequency analysis by Fourier analysis, and the presence or absence of underwater floating substances that would enter the cooling water intake was detected based on the presence or absence of high-frequency waves.
超音波発振装置から発振される超音波は、圧力伝搬波
である。一般に、魚類やくらげ等の生体では、圧力によ
り音響特性が変化するので、強力な超音波を当てると、
超音波の山（圧力高）と谷（圧力低）では、音速が変わ
るため、入射波と透過波では、波形が変化する。たとえ
ば、正弦波を入射すると、透過波は歪波となる。すなわ
ち、くらげ群等の水中浮遊物が浮遊している所では、超
音波の音速が１周期の間に非線形に変化する。したがっ
て、水柱に設置された超音波発振装置（３）と超音波受
信装置（４）の間に水中浮遊物が存在するときは、超音
波受信装置（４）で受信された超音波の波形（ｂ）は、
超音波発振装置（３）から発振された超音波の波形
（ａ）または水中浮遊物がない時に受信された超音波の
波形（ａ）と異なるものとなるので、それぞれの波形を
フーリエ解析により周波数分析し、高調波の有無から水
中浮遊物の有無を容易に検知することができる。Ultrasonic waves oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator are pressure propagation waves. In general, in living organisms such as fish and jellyfish, the acoustic characteristics change with pressure, so if you apply strong ultrasonic waves,
Since the sound speed changes between the peak (high pressure) and the valley (low pressure) of the ultrasonic wave, the waveform changes between the incident wave and the transmitted wave. For example, when a sine wave is incident, the transmitted wave becomes a distorted wave. That is, at a place where a floating substance such as a jellyfish floats, the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave changes nonlinearly during one cycle. Therefore, when there is a floating substance in the water between the ultrasonic oscillation device (3) and the ultrasonic reception device (4) installed on the water column, the waveform of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic reception device (4) ( b)
The waveform is different from the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator (3) or the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave received when there is no suspended matter in water. By analyzing, it is possible to easily detect the presence or absence of suspended matter in water from the presence or absence of harmonics.
第１図は本発明の検知方法を実施する装置の一例を示
したもので、同図において、１は水面、２は海底、３は
超音波発振装置、４は超音波受信装置、５は超音波、６
はくらげである。FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus for implementing the detection method of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a water surface, 2 is a seabed, 3 is an ultrasonic oscillator, 4 is an ultrasonic receiver, and 5 is an ultrasonic receiver. Sound wave, 6
It is a jellyfish.
さらに説明すると、図示されていない発電所の冷却水
取水口の前方の海底２から、ある高さの水中に、超音波
発振装置３と超音波受信装置４が設置されている。すな
わち、検知すべき水中浮遊物であるくらげ６が通る個所
の付近の一側の水中に超音波発振装置３を設置し、他側
の水中に該超音波発振装置３に対向させて超音波受信装
置４を設置している。More specifically, an ultrasonic oscillator 3 and an ultrasonic receiver 4 are installed in water at a certain height from the seabed 2 in front of a cooling water intake port of a power plant (not shown). That is, the ultrasonic oscillator 3 is installed in one side of the water near the location where the jellyfish 6 which is the floating substance to be detected passes, and the ultrasonic wave is received by facing the ultrasonic oscillator 3 in the water on the other side. The device 4 is installed.
そして、まず、超音波発振装置３から超音波受信装置
４に向けて強力な超音波５を発振し、つぎに、超音波発
振装置３から発振された超音波の波形または水中浮遊物
がない時の受信超音波波形と超音波受信装置４で受信さ
れた超音波の波形を比較し、前記両波形の相違から、く
らげ６の有無を検知するのである。Then, first, a strong ultrasonic wave 5 is oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 3 toward the ultrasonic receiver 4, and then, when there is no waveform of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 3 or when there is no floating substance in the water. Is compared with the waveform of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic receiver 4, and the presence or absence of the jellyfish 6 is detected from the difference between the two waveforms.
すなわち、超音波発振装置３から発振される超音波
は、圧力伝播波であり、くらげ６が浮遊している所で
は、生体の圧力に対する非線形な音響伝播特性により、
超音波の１周期の間に音速が非線形に変化する。That is, the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillation device 3 is a pressure-propagating wave, and where the jellyfish 6 is floating, due to the non-linear sound propagation characteristic with respect to the pressure of the living body,
The sound speed changes nonlinearly during one period of the ultrasonic wave.
たとえば、超音波発振装置３から発振される超音波の
波形は第２図の曲線ａで示すようになっているが、途中
にくらげ６があるため、超音波受信装置４で受信された
超音波の波形は第３図の曲線ｂで示すようになり、これ
ら曲線a,bを比較すると、第４図に見られるように相違
する。For example, the waveform of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic wave oscillating device 3 is as shown by the curve a in FIG. The waveform shown in FIG. 3 becomes as shown by a curve b in FIG. 3. When these curves a and b are compared, they are different as shown in FIG.
したがって、前記両波形a,bの相違から、くらげ６の
有無を検知することができる。たとえば、第４図の曲線
ａの波形を、フーリエ解析すれば、第５図平行斜線した
図形ｃのようになり、第４図の曲線ｂの波形をフーリエ
解析すれば、第６図の平行斜線した図形c,d,eのように
高調波が生じた形になり、くらげ６がある状態の波形の
違いが容易に明確になる。Therefore, the presence or absence of the jellyfish 6 can be detected from the difference between the two waveforms a and b. For example, if the waveform of the curve a in FIG. 4 is Fourier-analyzed, it becomes a parallel-hatched figure c in FIG. 5, and if the waveform of the curve b in FIG. 4 is Fourier-analyzed, the parallel-hatched curve in FIG. As shown in the figures c, d, and e, harmonics are generated, and the difference in the waveform with the jellyfish 6 is easily clarified.
このようにして、くらげ６が到来したことを検知した
ならば、この検知信号を、くらげ排除装置（図示せず）
が入力して、直ちに始動し、冷却水取水口に、そのくら
げ６が侵入することがないようにする。When the arrival of the jellyfish 6 is detected in this way, this detection signal is sent to the jellyfish elimination device (not shown).
To start immediately, so that the jellyfish 6 does not enter the cooling water intake port.
なお上記図示の例では、くらげ６について説明した
が、たとえば、魚類などの水中浮遊物の検知について
も、同様にして行なうことができる。In the illustrated example, the jellyfish 6 has been described. However, for example, detection of suspended matter such as fish in water can be performed in the same manner.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、超音波を用い
て水中浮遊物の検知を、超音波発振装置から発振された
超音波の波形と超音波受信装置で受信された超音波の波
形とを比較し、前記両波形の相違から検知する方法であ
るから、水中浮遊物の有無を、きわめて容易に、かつ、
確実に検知することができる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, detection of suspended matter in water using ultrasonic waves, the waveform of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillation device and the waveform of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic reception device And the method of detecting from the difference between the two waveforms, the presence or absence of suspended matter in water, very easily, and,
This has the effect of being able to reliably detect.
第１図は本発明の方法を実施する装置の一例を示した一
部断面正面図、第２図は第１図の超音波発振装置から発
振された超音波の波形の一例を示した説明図、第３図は
同じく超音波受信装置で受信された超音波の波形の一例
を示した説明図、第４図は第２図の波形と第３図の波形
の比較説明図、第５図は第４図の波形ａのフーリエ解析
の結果を示した説明図、第６図は第４図の波形ｂのフー
リエ解析の結果を示した説明図である。 １……水面、２……海底、３……超音波発振装置、４…
…超音波受信装置、５……超音波、６……くらげ。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of an ultrasonic waveform oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator of FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the waveform of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic receiving apparatus, FIG. 4 is a comparative explanatory diagram of the waveform of FIG. 2 and the waveform of FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the result of Fourier analysis of the waveform a in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the result of Fourier analysis of the waveform b in FIG. 1 ... water surface, 2 ... sea bottom, 3 ... ultrasonic oscillator, 4 ...
... Ultrasonic receiver, 5 ... Ultrasonic, 6 ... Jellyfish.
Claims (2)
の前方の一側の水中に超音波発振装置（３）を設置し、
前記冷却水取水口の前方の他側の水中に前記超音波発振
装置に対向させて超音波受信装置（４）を設置し、前記
前記超音波発振装置から前記超音波受信装置に向けて超
音波を発振して、該超音波発振装置から発振された超音
波の波形（ａ）または水中浮遊物がない時に受信された
超音波の波形（ａ）と該超音波受信装置で受信された超
音波の波形（ｂ）とをそれぞれフーリエ解析により周波
数分析し、高調波の有無から冷却水取水口に進入しよう
とする水中浮遊物の有無を検知することを特徴とする、
水中浮遊物の検知方法。An ultrasonic oscillator (3) is installed in water on one side in front of a cooling water intake for introducing seawater as cooling water,
An ultrasonic receiver (4) is installed in the water on the other side in front of the cooling water intake port so as to face the ultrasonic oscillator, and an ultrasonic wave is directed from the ultrasonic oscillator to the ultrasonic receiver. And the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic wave oscillating device or the waveform (a) of the ultrasonic wave received when there is no suspended matter in the water and the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic wave receiving device And (b) are subjected to frequency analysis by Fourier analysis to detect the presence or absence of underwater floating substances entering the cooling water intake from the presence or absence of harmonics.
How to detect suspended matter in water.
る請求項１記載の水中浮遊物の検知方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspended matter is a living body such as a fish or a jellyfish.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1246466A JP2789712B2 (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | How to detect suspended matter in water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1246466A JP2789712B2 (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | How to detect suspended matter in water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03110491A JPH03110491A (en) | 1991-05-10 |
| JP2789712B2 true JP2789712B2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=17148835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1246466A Expired - Fee Related JP2789712B2 (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | How to detect suspended matter in water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2789712B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6002078A (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 1999-12-14 | Yamaha Corporation | Keyboard assembly for electronic musical instrument |
| US8038616B2 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2011-10-18 | Surf Technology As | Acoustic imaging by nonlinear low frequency manipulation of high frequency scattering and propagation properties |
| EA014167B1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2010-10-29 | Бьорн А.Й. Ангельсен | Method for imaging of acoustic properties by nonlinear low frequency manipulation of high frequency scattering and propagation properties (variants) and acoustic instrument for implementing said method |
| FR3030721B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-10-26 | Electricite De France | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING FISH IN A CROSSING DEVICE |
| CN113267562A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-17 | 复旦大学 | Method for removing interference bubbles in metallurgical material water immersion ultrasonic detection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5575645A (en) * | 1978-12-01 | 1980-06-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Concentration measuring method using ultrasonic waves and its unit |
| JPS58131556A (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-05 | Aisin Warner Ltd | Detector for characteristic of liquid |
-
1989
- 1989-09-25 JP JP1246466A patent/JP2789712B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPH03110491A (en) | 1991-05-10 |
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