JP2794081B2 - Fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Fuel cell power generation systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2794081B2 JP2794081B2 JP6068970A JP6897094A JP2794081B2 JP 2794081 B2 JP2794081 B2 JP 2794081B2 JP 6068970 A JP6068970 A JP 6068970A JP 6897094 A JP6897094 A JP 6897094A JP 2794081 B2 JP2794081 B2 JP 2794081B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel gas
- raw fuel
- fuel cell
- supply system
- power generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、燃料電池と燃料改質装
置とを主要構成部とする燃料電池発電システムにおい
て、液体状の原燃料を気化した原燃料ガスが流れ、又は
滞留する原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器の保温装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation system having a fuel cell and a fuel reformer as main components, in which a raw fuel gas in which a liquid raw fuel is vaporized flows or stays. The present invention relates to a gas system piping and a heat retaining device for equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】燃料電池は水素と酸素との電池反応によ
り発電するものであるが、通常水素は燃料改質装置にて
炭化水素系やアルコール系の原燃料ガスを水素に富むガ
スに改質した改質ガスを使用し、酸素は空気を使用す
る。したがって、燃料電池発電システムは上記燃料改質
装置と燃料電池とを主要構成部として構成され、燃料改
質装置で生成した改質ガスを燃料電池に供給している。2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells generate electricity by a cell reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. In general, hydrogen is reformed from a hydrocarbon-based or alcohol-based raw fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas by a fuel reformer. The reformed gas used is used, and oxygen is used as air. Therefore, the fuel cell power generation system includes the fuel reforming device and the fuel cell as main components, and supplies the reformed gas generated by the fuel reforming device to the fuel cell.
【０００３】ところで、燃料改質装置は改質触媒が充填
された反応管と、この反応管を燃焼熱により加熱するた
め、燃料を燃焼するバーナとを備える改質器と、原燃料
ガスが炭化水素系の場合、改質器の前段に設けられ、こ
の原燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を脱硫する脱硫器と、改
質器の後段に設けられ、改質器からの改質ガス中の一酸
化炭素の濃度を低減させる一酸化炭素変成器とを備えて
いる。A fuel reformer has a reformer including a reaction tube filled with a reforming catalyst, a burner for burning fuel to heat the reaction tube by combustion heat, and a method for converting raw fuel gas into carbon. In the case of a hydrogen system, a desulfurizer provided before the reformer to desulfurize the sulfur contained in the raw fuel gas, and a desulfurizer provided after the reformer, A carbon monoxide converter for reducing the concentration of carbon oxide.
【０００４】ここで、改質器に供給される原燃料ガス
は、体積が小さくなり運送等が楽になる液体状の原燃
料、例えばプロパン，ブタン，メタノールやナフサ等の
液体状の原燃料が産出される場所から消費地まで運ばれ
るので、これらの原燃料を蒸発器等で気化して得られて
いる。上記のような原燃料ガスは、配管及びこの途中に
配設される弁，流量制御弁，熱交換器等の機器からなる
原燃料ガス系統を経て改質器に、原燃料が炭化水素系の
場合には脱硫器を経て改質器の反応管に供給されて水蒸
気改質される。Here, the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer produces a liquid raw fuel which is small in volume and easy to transport, for example, a liquid raw fuel such as propane, butane, methanol or naphtha. The raw fuel is transported from the place where it is used to the place of consumption. The raw fuel gas as described above is supplied to a reformer via a raw fuel gas system composed of pipes and devices such as valves, flow control valves, and heat exchangers provided in the middle thereof. In such a case, it is supplied to a reaction tube of a reformer via a desulfurizer and steam reformed.
【０００５】なお、燃料電池発電システムを起動する
際、例えば冷機状態の改質器の反応管を改質反応を行な
わせるに適する所定温度まで暖機する必要があり、この
場合にも原燃料ガスが燃料として使用され、改質器のバ
ーナでの前記原燃料ガスの燃焼による燃焼熱により改質
器は暖機されるが、この際にも原燃料ガスは前述のよう
な配管，機器で形成される助燃用の原燃料ガス系統を経
て前記バーナに供給される。When the fuel cell power generation system is started, it is necessary to warm up, for example, a reaction tube of a cold reformer to a predetermined temperature suitable for performing a reforming reaction. Is used as fuel, and the reformer is warmed up by the heat of combustion caused by the combustion of the raw fuel gas in the burner of the reformer. In this case, the raw fuel gas is also formed by the piping and equipment as described above. The fuel is supplied to the burner through a fuel gas system for auxiliary combustion.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように改質用の
原燃料ガス系統や助熱用の原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器
に流れたり、滞留する改質用，助燃用の原燃料ガスは液
体状の原燃料を気化したものであるので、改質用の原燃
料ガス系統や燃焼用の原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器の雰
囲気が低温であったり、また配管，機器を支持する支持
台への熱移動で冷却されたりすると、冷却された配管，
機器の部分で原燃料ガスが再液化し、原燃料ガスの供給
量を一定に保つことができないという問題がある。As described above, the raw fuel gas for reforming and auxiliary combustion which flows or stays in the piping and equipment of the raw fuel gas system for reforming and the raw fuel gas system for auxiliary heating. Is a gaseous form of liquid raw fuel. Therefore, the temperature of the piping and equipment of the raw fuel gas system for reforming and the raw fuel gas system for combustion is low. When cooled by heat transfer to the table, the cooled piping,
There is a problem that the raw fuel gas is reliquefied in the equipment part, and the supply amount of the raw fuel gas cannot be kept constant.
【０００７】また、配管に流量調節をする機器、例えば
流量制御弁がある場合、流量制御により原燃料ガスが絞
られた狭い流路面積から広い流路面積に流れるときには
断熱膨脹し、このため原燃料ガスは冷却されて再液化
し、上述と同様に原燃料ガスの供給量を一定に保持でき
ないという問題がある。本発明の目的は、燃料電池発電
システムにおいて、液体状の原燃料を気化した原燃料ガ
スが流れる原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器に前記原燃料ガ
スが流れたり、滞留する際、冷却されることにより生じ
る再液化を防止できる燃料電池発電システムの原燃料ガ
ス系統の配管，機器の保温装置を提供することである。In addition, when there is a device for adjusting the flow rate in the pipe, for example, a flow rate control valve, when the raw fuel gas flows from a narrow flow area to a wide flow area by flow control, the fuel gas adiabatically expands. The fuel gas is cooled and re-liquefied, and there is a problem that the supply amount of the raw fuel gas cannot be kept constant as described above. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell power generation system that is cooled when the raw fuel gas flows or stays in piping and equipment of a raw fuel gas system through which raw fuel gas in which liquid fuel is vaporized flows. It is an object of the present invention to provide a raw fuel gas system piping and equipment heat retaining device for a fuel cell power generation system that can prevent reliquefaction caused by the above.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明によれば、燃料電池と燃料改質装置とを有す
る燃料電池発電システムにおいて、液体状の原燃料を気
化した原燃料ガスを脱硫器へ導く原燃料ガス供給系、前
記脱硫器を通過した脱硫原燃料ガスをスチームエゼクタ
に導く脱硫原燃料ガス供給系、前記原燃料ガス供給系を
通流する原燃料ガスの一部を改質器のバーナに供給する
助燃料ガス供給系、およびリサイクル系に設けられた止
め弁から原燃料ガス供給系との合流点までの配管にこれ
らを加熱する加熱手段を備え、かつ、加熱箇所の温度を
検出する温度検出器と、前記温度検出器での検出温度と
原燃料が再液化するのを防止できる所定温度の目標値と
の偏差から加熱手段による加熱を制御する制御手段とを
備えるものとする。According to the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell power generation system having a fuel cell and a fuel reformer, wherein a raw fuel gas obtained by vaporizing a liquid raw fuel is provided. A raw fuel gas supply system that guides the fuel gas to the desulfurizer, a desulfurization raw fuel gas supply system that guides the desulfurized raw fuel gas that has passed through the desulfurizer to a steam ejector, and a part of the raw fuel gas that flows through the raw fuel gas supply system. A heating means for heating the auxiliary fuel gas supply system for supplying to the burner of the reformer, and a pipe from the stop valve provided in the recycling system to a junction with the raw fuel gas supply system, and A temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the fuel cell, and control means for controlling heating by the heating means from a deviation between a temperature detected by the temperature detector and a target value of a predetermined temperature capable of preventing the raw fuel from being reliquefied. Shall
【０００９】上記において加熱手段は、電気ヒータであ
るものとする。また、加熱手段は、燃料電池発電システ
ムで発生する温水、又は水蒸気が通流する伝熱管である
ものとする。In the above description, the heating means is an electric heater. Further, the heating means is a heat transfer tube through which hot water or steam generated in the fuel cell power generation system flows.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】燃料電池発電システムにおいて、液体状の原燃
料を気化した原燃料ガスは配管及びこの配管の途中に設
けられる弁，流量制御弁，熱交換器等の機器等からなる
原燃料ガス系統に流れたり、また滞留したりする。しか
しながら、原燃料ガス系統の雰囲気が低温であったり、
流量制御のため流量制御弁等で絞られて狭い流路面積か
ら広い流路面積へ流れるときの断熱膨脹により冷却され
たりして原燃料ガスは再液化するので、原燃料ガスが流
れる原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器に加熱手段、この手段
として配管類の表面を覆って配設される電気ヒータ、又
は燃料電池発電システムの発電時発生する温水又は水蒸
気が流れる伝熱管と、この加熱手段により加熱された部
分の温度を検出する温度検出器とを設け、制御手段によ
り温度検出器での検出温度と原燃料ガスが再液化するの
を防止できる所定温度の目標値との偏差から、電気ヒー
タの出力又は伝熱管を流れる温水や水蒸気の流量を制御
して原燃料ガス系統の配管，機器に流れたり、滞留する
原燃料ガスを加熱することにより、前記所定温度に制御
して原燃料ガスの再液化を防止する。In a fuel cell power generation system, a raw fuel gas, which has been vaporized from a liquid raw fuel, is supplied to a raw fuel gas system comprising pipes and devices such as valves, flow control valves, and heat exchangers provided in the middle of the pipes. It flows and stays again. However, the temperature of the raw fuel gas system is low,
The raw fuel gas is re-liquefied by adiabatic expansion when it flows from a narrow flow area to a wide flow area, and is re-liquefied. Heating means for the system piping and equipment, an electric heater disposed as a means covering the surface of the piping, or a heat transfer tube through which hot water or steam generated during power generation of the fuel cell power generation system flows; And a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heated portion. By controlling the output or the flow rate of the hot water or steam flowing through the heat transfer tube and heating the raw fuel gas flowing or staying in the piping and equipment of the raw fuel gas system, the raw fuel gas is controlled to the predetermined temperature and controlled. To prevent liquefaction.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下図面に基づいて本発明の実施例について
説明する。図１は本発明の実施例による燃料電池発電シ
ステムにおいて保温装置を備えた原燃料ガス系統の配管
の部分斜視図である。図１において、配管１は気化した
原燃料ガスが流れる配管であり、配管１の表面を覆って
電気ヒータ２が巻かれている。なお、３は電気ヒータ２
の電源、４は電気ヒータ２とこれに接続するリード線５
とからなる回路をｏｎ−ｏｆｆするスイッチである。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a pipe of a raw fuel gas system provided with a heat retaining device in a fuel cell power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a pipe 1 is a pipe through which a vaporized raw fuel gas flows, and an electric heater 2 is wound around a surface of the pipe 1. 3 is an electric heater 2
Power supply 4, electric heater 2 and lead wire 5 connected thereto
Is a switch that turns on and off the circuit consisting of
【００１２】温度検出器６は電気ヒータ２により加熱さ
れる配管１の温度を検出する。制御装置７は温度検出器
６での検出温度の信号が入力され、この検出温度と原燃
料ガスが再液化するのを防止できる所定温度の目標値と
の偏差からリレイ８を介してスイッチ４をｏｎ−ｏｆｆ
制御する。保温材９は配管１の表面を電気ヒータ２，温
度検出器６を覆って設けられている。The temperature detector 6 detects the temperature of the pipe 1 heated by the electric heater 2. The controller 7 receives the signal of the temperature detected by the temperature detector 6 and operates the switch 4 via the relay 8 based on a deviation between the detected temperature and a target value of a predetermined temperature at which the raw fuel gas can be prevented from reliquefying. on-off
Control. The heat insulating material 9 is provided so as to cover the surface of the pipe 1 with the electric heater 2 and the temperature detector 6.
【００１３】このような構成により、配管１を電気ヒー
タ２により加熱し、制御装置７により温度検出器６での
検出温度と配管１を流れる原燃料ガスが再液化するのを
防止する所定温度の目標値との偏差からリレイ８を介し
てスイッチ４をｏｎ−ｏｆｆ制御することにより、配管
１の温度は前記所定温度になるように制御されるので、
原燃料ガスは再液化しない。With such a configuration, the pipe 1 is heated by the electric heater 2, and the controller 7 controls the temperature detected by the temperature detector 6 and the predetermined temperature for preventing the raw fuel gas flowing through the pipe 1 from being reliquefied. By performing on-off control of the switch 4 via the relay 8 from the deviation from the target value, the temperature of the pipe 1 is controlled to be the predetermined temperature.
Raw fuel gas does not re-liquefy.
【００１４】図２は本発明の異なる実施例による燃料電
池発電システムにおいて、保温装置を備えた原燃料ガス
系統の配管の部分斜視図である。図２において、配管１
の表面を覆って燃料電池発電システムで発生する温水又
は水蒸気が流れる、例えば銅管からなる伝熱管１０を巻
き付け、さらに伝熱管１０に接続する管路１３に流量制
御弁１１を設け、温度検出器６での検出温度と配管１を
流れる原燃料ガスの再液化を防止できる所定温度の目標
値との偏差から流量制御弁１１を制御する制御装置１２
を設けた他は図１と同じである。FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a pipe of a raw fuel gas system provided with a heat retaining device in a fuel cell power generation system according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG.
A heat transfer tube 10 made of, for example, a copper tube, around which the hot water or steam generated by the fuel cell power generation system flows, and a flow control valve 11 is provided in a pipe line 13 connected to the heat transfer tube 10, A controller 12 for controlling the flow control valve 11 from a deviation between the detected temperature at 6 and a target value of a predetermined temperature capable of preventing reliquefaction of the raw fuel gas flowing through the pipe 1
The arrangement is the same as that of FIG.
【００１５】このような構成により、伝熱管１０に燃料
電池発電システムの発電時発生する温水又は水蒸気を流
して配管１を加熱し、制御装置１２により温度検出器６
での検出温度と前記原燃料ガスが再液化するのを防止で
きる所定温度の目標値との偏差から、流量制御弁１１を
制御することにより、配管１の温度は前記所定温度に制
御されるので、原燃料ガスは再液化しない。With such a configuration, hot water or steam generated during power generation of the fuel cell power generation system is caused to flow through the heat transfer tube 10 to heat the pipe 1, and the controller 12 controls the temperature detector 6.
Since the temperature of the pipe 1 is controlled to the predetermined temperature by controlling the flow rate control valve 11 from the deviation between the detected temperature at the time and the target value of the predetermined temperature at which the raw fuel gas can be prevented from being reliquefied. The raw fuel gas does not reliquefy.
【００１６】上記の電気ヒータ２又は伝熱管１０を流れ
る温水，水蒸気により加熱し、配管１の温度を原燃料ガ
スが再液化を防止できる所定温度に制御して配管１を保
温する保温装置は、配管１のみならず配管途中に設けら
れる弁，流量制御弁，熱交換器にも設けることにより、
原燃料ガスの再液化を防止できる。上記のような保温装
置を燃料電池発電システムにおける原燃料ガス系統の配
管，機器に採用した例を下記に示す。A heat retention device for heating the electric heater 2 or the heat transfer tube 10 with hot water or steam and controlling the temperature of the pipe 1 to a predetermined temperature at which the raw fuel gas can be prevented from reliquefying, By installing not only on the pipe 1 but also on valves, flow control valves and heat exchangers
Reliquefaction of the raw fuel gas can be prevented. The following is an example in which the above-described heat retention device is applied to piping and equipment of a raw fuel gas system in a fuel cell power generation system.
【００１７】図３は炭化水素系の凝縮点の高いブタンガ
スを原燃料ガスとして、水素に富むガスに水蒸気改質す
る改質器を備えた燃料電池発電システムの系統図であ
る。図３において、１５は反応管１６，バーナ１７を備
える改質器、１８は原燃料に含まれる硫黄分を脱硫する
脱硫器、１９は一酸化炭素変成器、２０は電解質２１と
これを挟持する燃料極２２と空気極２３を備える燃料電
池、２４は熱交換器、２５はスチームエゼクタである。FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a fuel cell power generation system provided with a reformer for steam reforming a hydrogen-rich gas using a hydrocarbon-based butane gas having a high condensation point as a raw fuel gas. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 15 denotes a reformer having a reaction tube 16 and a burner 17, reference numeral 18 denotes a desulfurizer for desulfurizing sulfur contained in raw fuel, reference numeral 19 denotes a carbon monoxide converter, reference numeral 20 denotes an electrolyte 21 and an electrolyte 21 therebetween. A fuel cell having a fuel electrode 22 and an air electrode 23, 24 is a heat exchanger, and 25 is a steam ejector.
【００１８】原燃料ガス供給系２７は流量制御弁２８を
備え、熱交換器２４を経由して脱硫器１８の入口に接続
している。脱硫原燃料ガス供給系３０は脱硫器１８の出
口と反応管１６の入口とにスチームエゼクタ２５，熱交
換器２４を経由して接続している。助燃用原燃料ガス供
給系３１は流量制御弁３２を備えて改質器１５のバーナ
１７に接続している。The raw fuel gas supply system 27 has a flow control valve 28 and is connected to the inlet of the desulfurizer 18 via the heat exchanger 24. The desulfurization raw fuel gas supply system 30 is connected to an outlet of the desulfurizer 18 and an inlet of the reaction tube 16 via a steam ejector 25 and a heat exchanger 24. The auxiliary fuel gas supply system 31 includes a flow control valve 32 and is connected to the burner 17 of the reformer 15.
【００１９】水蒸気改質ガス供給系３４は改質器１５の
反応管１６の出口と一酸化炭素変成器１９の入口とに熱
交換器２４を経由して接続している。改質ガス供給系３
５は一酸化炭素変成器１９の出口と燃料電池２０の燃料
極２２とに止め弁３６を備えて接続している。オフガス
排出系３７は燃料電池２０の燃料極２２と改質器１５の
バーナ１７とに止め弁３８を備えて接続している。バイ
パス系３９は燃料電池２０をバイパスして、止め弁４０
を備えて改質ガス供給系３５とオフガス排出系３７とに
接続している。The steam reforming gas supply system 34 is connected to the outlet of the reaction tube 16 of the reformer 15 and the inlet of the carbon monoxide converter 19 via the heat exchanger 24. Reformed gas supply system 3
5 is provided with a stop valve 36 and connected to the outlet of the carbon monoxide converter 19 and the fuel electrode 22 of the fuel cell 20. The offgas discharge system 37 is connected to the fuel electrode 22 of the fuel cell 20 and the burner 17 of the reformer 15 with a stop valve 38. The bypass system 39 bypasses the fuel cell 20 and the stop valve 40
And connected to a reformed gas supply system 35 and an off-gas discharge system 37.
【００２０】空気供給系４１はブロワ４２，流量制御弁
４３を備えて空気極２３に、またオフ空気排出系４４は
燃料電池２０の空気極２３に接続している。リサイクル
系４５は水蒸気改質ガス供給系３４から分岐して、止め
弁４６を備えて原燃料ガス供給系２７の熱交換器２４の
上流側に合流している。燃焼空気供給系４７はブロワ４
８，流量制御弁４９を備えて改質器１５のバーナ１７に
接続している。排ガス排出系５０は改質器１５の燃焼排
ガス出口からオフ空気排出系４４に合流している。な
お、５１はスチームエゼクタ２５に駆動用として水蒸気
を供給する水蒸気供給系である。The air supply system 41 includes a blower 42 and a flow control valve 43 and is connected to the air electrode 23, and the off-air discharge system 44 is connected to the air electrode 23 of the fuel cell 20. The recycle system 45 branches off from the steam reformed gas supply system 34 and includes a stop valve 46 and joins the raw fuel gas supply system 27 on the upstream side of the heat exchanger 24. The combustion air supply system 47 is a blower 4
8. A flow control valve 49 is provided and connected to the burner 17 of the reformer 15. The exhaust gas discharge system 50 joins the off-air discharge system 44 from the combustion exhaust gas outlet of the reformer 15. A steam supply system 51 supplies steam to the steam ejector 25 for driving.
【００２１】ここで、気化した原燃料ガスが流れる図で
破線付き実線で示す原燃料ガス供給系２７の熱交換器２
４を経由して脱硫器１８に至るまでの配管、脱硫原燃料
ガス供給系３０の脱硫器１８からスーチムエゼクタ２５
に至るまでの配管、助燃用原燃料ガス供給系３１の改質
器１５のバーナ１７に至るまでの配管、及び起動時止め
弁４６の閉により原燃料ガスが滞留するリサイクル系４
５の止め弁４６から原燃料ガス供給系２７との合流点ま
での配管には、前述の電気ヒータ，温度検出器及び制御
装置からなる保温装置が設けられている。なお、これら
の配管の途中に設けられる流量制御弁２８，３２，止め
弁４６、及び熱交換器２４にも前記保温装置が設けられ
ている。Here, the heat exchanger 2 of the raw fuel gas supply system 27 shown by a solid line with a broken line in the drawing in which the vaporized raw fuel gas flows is shown.
4 to the desulfurizer 18, the desulfurizer 18 of the desulfurization raw fuel gas supply system 30 and the soot ejector 25.
, A pipe leading to the burner 17 of the reformer 15 of the auxiliary fuel gas supply system 31, and a recycle system 4 in which the raw fuel gas stays by closing the start-up stop valve 46.
The pipe from the stop valve 46 of No. 5 to the junction with the raw fuel gas supply system 27 is provided with the above-described heat retaining device including the electric heater, the temperature detector, and the control device. The heat retention device is also provided in the flow control valves 28 and 32, the stop valve 46, and the heat exchanger 24 provided in the middle of these pipes.
【００２２】ここで、前記配管に設ける保温装置は、雰
囲気温度や熱容量等を考慮して適宜分割して独立して設
け、原燃料ガス供給系２７の配管は８分割し、脱硫原燃
料ガス供給系３０の配管は２分割し、助燃用原燃料ガス
供給系３１の配管は２分割して設けられている。なお、
流量制御弁２８，３２においては弁開度により原燃料ガ
スの流れが絞られた後、断熱膨脹して冷却するので、流
量制御弁２８，３２の出口部の配管部に温度検出器を取
付けるとともに、保温する設定温度は通常の配管におい
て原燃料ガスの再液化を防止できる所定温度より約１０
℃高い温度を設定温度としている。Here, the heat retaining device provided in the pipe is appropriately divided and provided independently in consideration of the ambient temperature, heat capacity and the like, and the pipe of the raw fuel gas supply system 27 is divided into eight parts to supply the desulfurized raw fuel gas. The piping of the system 30 is divided into two parts, and the piping of the auxiliary fuel gas supply system 31 is divided into two parts. In addition,
In the flow control valves 28 and 32, since the flow of the raw fuel gas is restricted by the valve opening degree and then adiabatically expanded and cooled, a temperature detector is attached to the piping at the outlet of the flow control valves 28 and 32. The set temperature for keeping the temperature is about 10 times lower than a predetermined temperature at which the refueling of the raw fuel gas can be prevented in the ordinary piping.
The temperature higher by ° C is set as the set temperature.
【００２３】このような構成により、燃料電池発電シス
テムを起動するとき、冷機状態の改質器１５を暖機する
ために助燃用原燃料ガス供給系３１を経て、ブタンから
なる原燃料ガスを助燃用原燃料ガスとして流量制御弁３
２で流量制御してバーナ１７に供給し、燃焼空気供給系
４７を経てブロワ４８により昇圧され、流量制御弁４９
により流量制御されてバーナ１７に供給される燃焼空気
により燃焼する。そして、この燃焼熱により改質器１５
の反応管１６を改質反応に適する所定温度まで昇温す
る。With this configuration, when the fuel cell power generation system is started, the raw fuel gas composed of butane is burned through the raw fuel gas supply system 31 for warming up the reformer 15 in a cold state. Flow control valve 3 as raw fuel gas
The flow rate is controlled by 2 and supplied to the burner 17, the pressure is increased by a blower 48 through a combustion air supply system 47, and a flow control valve 49 is provided.
The fuel is combusted by the combustion air supplied to the burner 17 by controlling the flow rate. And the reformer 15
Is raised to a predetermined temperature suitable for the reforming reaction.
【００２４】反応管１６の昇温後、原燃料ガスを原燃料
ガス供給系２７に流し、熱交換器２４，脱硫器１８を経
由してスチームエゼクタ２５に供給する。そして、原燃
料ガスはスチームエゼクタ２５で水蒸気供給系５１を経
る駆動用の水蒸気により吸込まれて反応管１６に水蒸気
とともに供給されて水蒸気改質される。この際、燃料電
池２０に水蒸気改質されたガスを供給するまで、改質ガ
ス供給系３５の止め弁３６及びオフガス排出系３７の止
め弁３８を閉、バイパス系３９の止め弁４０を開にして
反応管１６からの水蒸気改質されたガスをバイパス系３
９，オフガス排出系３７を経てバーナ１７に供給し、燃
料として使用する。なお、原燃料ガスが原燃料ガス供給
系２７を流れるとき、原燃料ガス供給系２７とリサイク
ル系４５との合流点とリサイクル系４５の止め弁４６と
の間のリサイクル系４５には原燃料ガスが滞留する。After the temperature of the reaction tube 16 rises, the raw fuel gas flows into the raw fuel gas supply system 27 and is supplied to the steam ejector 25 via the heat exchanger 24 and the desulfurizer 18. The raw fuel gas is sucked by the steam ejector 25 with the driving steam passing through the steam supply system 51 and supplied to the reaction tube 16 together with the steam to be steam reformed. At this time, the stop valve 36 of the reformed gas supply system 35 and the stop valve 38 of the off gas discharge system 37 are closed, and the stop valve 40 of the bypass system 39 is opened until the steam reformed gas is supplied to the fuel cell 20. The steam reformed gas from the reaction tube 16 to the bypass system 3
9. The gas is supplied to the burner 17 via the off-gas discharge system 37 and used as fuel. When the raw fuel gas flows through the raw fuel gas supply system 27, the raw fuel gas is supplied to the recycle system 45 between the junction of the raw fuel gas supply system 27 and the recycle system 45 and the stop valve 46 of the recycle system 45. Stays.
【００２５】燃料電池発電システムの運転は、バイパス
系３９の止め弁４０を閉、リサイクル系４５の止め弁４
６，改質ガス供給系３５の止め弁３６及びオフガス排出
系３７の止め弁３８を開にして、下記のようにして行な
われる。なお、この際、助燃用原燃料ガス供給系３１を
経る助燃用の原燃料ガスはバーナ１７に供給されてな
い。In operation of the fuel cell power generation system, the stop valve 40 of the bypass system 39 is closed, and the stop valve 4 of the recycle system 45 is closed.
6. The stop valve 36 of the reformed gas supply system 35 and the stop valve 38 of the off-gas discharge system 37 are opened, and the operation is performed as follows. At this time, the raw fuel gas for combustion passing through the raw fuel gas supply system for combustion 31 is not supplied to the burner 17.
【００２６】ブタンからなる原燃料ガスを原燃料ガス供
給系２７に流し、熱交換器２４を経て熱交換により昇温
させた後、脱硫器１８に供給する。この際、後述する一
酸化炭素変成器１９からの水素に富む改質ガスの一部が
リサイクル系４５を経て脱硫器１８に供給される原燃料
ガスに付加される。したがって、改質ガス中の水素を付
加された原燃料ガスは脱硫器１８にて原燃料ガスに含ま
れる硫黄分を脱硫する。The raw fuel gas composed of butane flows into the raw fuel gas supply system 27, passes through the heat exchanger 24, is heated by heat exchange, and is supplied to the desulfurizer 18. At this time, a part of the hydrogen-rich reformed gas from the carbon monoxide converter 19 described later is added to the raw fuel gas supplied to the desulfurizer 18 via the recycling system 45. Therefore, the raw fuel gas to which hydrogen in the reformed gas has been added desulfurizes the sulfur contained in the raw fuel gas in the desulfurizer 18.
【００２７】脱硫された原燃料ガスは脱硫原燃料ガス供
給系３０を経て水蒸気供給系５１を経る水蒸気により駆
動されるスチームエゼクタ２５に吸込まれ、水蒸気と混
合して熱交換器２４にて熱交換により昇温した後、改質
器１５の反応管１６に供給される。一方、改質器１５の
バーナ１７には後述する燃料電池２０の燃料極２２から
のオフガスかオフガス排出系３７を経て供給される。そ
して、このオフガスはバーナ１７に燃焼空気供給系４７
を経てブロワ４８により昇圧され、流量制御弁４９によ
り流量制御される燃焼空気により燃焼され、この燃焼熱
により反応管１６を加熱する。なお、燃焼排ガスは排ガ
ス排出系５０を経てオフ空気排出系４４を流れる燃料電
池２０からのオフ空気と混合して排出される。The desulfurized raw fuel gas passes through a desulfurized raw fuel gas supply system 30 and is sucked into a steam ejector 25 driven by steam passing through a steam supply system 51, mixed with steam and heat-exchanged in a heat exchanger 24. After the temperature is increased, the gas is supplied to the reaction tube 16 of the reformer 15. On the other hand, the burner 17 of the reformer 15 is supplied with an off-gas from an anode 22 of the fuel cell 20 described later or via an off-gas discharge system 37. The off-gas is supplied to the burner 17 by a combustion air supply system 47.
Then, the pressure is increased by the blower 48 and is burned by the combustion air whose flow rate is controlled by the flow control valve 49, and the combustion heat heats the reaction tube 16. Note that the combustion exhaust gas is mixed with the off-air from the fuel cell 20 flowing through the off-air discharging system 44 via the exhaust gas discharging system 50 and discharged.
【００２８】ここで、加熱された反応管１６を通流する
水蒸気を混合した原燃料ガスは水素に富むガスに水蒸気
改質される。この水蒸気改質されたガスは熱交換器２４
にて冷却された後、一酸化炭素変成器１９に供給され、
この水蒸気改質ガスに含まれ、燃料電池の触媒を被毒さ
せる一酸化炭素の濃度を低減する。燃料電池２０では、
上記一酸化炭素変成器１９からの一酸化炭素濃度の低い
改質ガスと空気供給系４１を経てブロワ４２により昇圧
され、流量制御弁４３により流量制御された空気とか供
給されて電池反応を起こして発電する。なお、燃料電池
２０の発電時生じる熱は、電池本体に設けられた図示し
ない冷却板を通流する冷却水により除熱され、燃料電池
２０の運転温度が保持される。Here, the raw fuel gas mixed with steam flowing through the heated reaction tube 16 is steam reformed into a hydrogen-rich gas. This steam reformed gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 24.
After being cooled at, it is supplied to the carbon monoxide converter 19,
The concentration of carbon monoxide contained in the steam reformed gas and poisoning the catalyst of the fuel cell is reduced. In the fuel cell 20,
The reformed gas having a low carbon monoxide concentration from the carbon monoxide converter 19 and the air supplied through the air supply system 41 are boosted by the blower 42 and supplied with air whose flow rate is controlled by the flow control valve 43 to cause a battery reaction. Generate electricity. Note that heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell 20 is removed by cooling water flowing through a cooling plate (not shown) provided in the battery body, and the operating temperature of the fuel cell 20 is maintained.
【００２９】なお、燃料電池２０からのオフ空気は、オ
フ空気排出系４４を経て外部に排出される。このように
原燃料ガスが系統を流れる際、前述のように破線付き実
線で示した部分の原燃料ガス供給系２７，脱硫原燃料ガ
ス供給系３０，起動時原燃料ガスが滞留するリサイクル
系４５，助熱用原燃料ガス供給系３１，流量制御弁２
８，３２，止め弁４６，熱交換器２４は前述のように保
温装置が設けられているので、雰囲気が低温であった
り、機器の支持台への熱移動や断熱膨脹による冷却があ
っても、原燃料ガスは保温装置から熱が与えられて所定
温度に保持されるので、原燃料ガスの再液化を防止でき
る。The off-air from the fuel cell 20 is discharged to the outside via an off-air discharge system 44. As described above, when the raw fuel gas flows through the system, the raw fuel gas supply system 27, the desulfurization raw fuel gas supply system 30, and the recycle system 45 where the raw fuel gas stays at the time of start-up are indicated by the solid lines with broken lines as described above. , Auxiliary fuel gas supply system 31, flow control valve 2
8, 32, the stop valve 46, and the heat exchanger 24 are provided with the heat retaining device as described above, so that even if the atmosphere is at a low temperature, heat is transferred to the support base of the device, or there is cooling by adiabatic expansion. Since the raw fuel gas is maintained at a predetermined temperature by the application of heat from the heat retaining device, reliquefaction of the raw fuel gas can be prevented.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以土の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば燃料電池発電システムにおいて液体状の原燃料
を気化した原燃料ガスが流れる原燃料ガス系統の配管，
機器の表面に加熱手段、この手段として電気ヒータ，燃
料電池発電システムで発生する温水、又は水蒸気が流れ
る伝熱管を取付け、さらに温度検出器で温度検出し、制
御手段により原燃料ガスの再液化を防止できる所定温度
に制御するようにしたので、雰囲気が低温であったり、
機器支持台への熱移動により冷却されたり、流量制御に
よる流量の絞りにより生じる断熱膨脹により冷却されて
も、原燃料ガスの再液化を防止できる。As will be apparent from the following description, according to the present invention, in a fuel cell power generation system, piping of a raw fuel gas system through which raw fuel gas vaporized from liquid raw fuel flows,
A heating means, an electric heater, a heat transfer pipe through which hot water or steam generated by a fuel cell power generation system flows, is attached to the surface of the equipment, and the temperature is detected by a temperature detector, and the control means is used to reliquefy the raw fuel gas. Because it is controlled to a predetermined temperature that can be prevented, the atmosphere is low,
Even if the fuel gas is cooled by heat transfer to the equipment support base or is cooled by adiabatic expansion caused by restricting the flow rate by the flow rate control, reliquefaction of the raw fuel gas can be prevented.
【図１】本発明の実施例による保温装置を設けた原燃料
ガス系統の配管の部分斜視図FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a raw fuel gas system pipe provided with a heat retaining device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の異なる実施例による保温装置を設けた
原燃料ガス系統の配管の部分斜視図FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a pipe of a raw fuel gas system provided with a heat retaining device according to a different embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例による原燃料ガス供給系の配
管，機器に保温装置を設けた原燃料ガス系統を備える燃
料電池発電システムの系統図FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a fuel cell power generation system having a raw fuel gas system in which a raw fuel gas supply system is provided with a heat retaining device in piping and a raw fuel gas supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
１ 配管 ２ 電気ヒータ ６ 温度検出器 ７ 制御装置 １０ 伝熱管 １１ 流量制御弁 １２ 制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piping 2 Electric heater 6 Temperature detector 7 Control device 10 Heat transfer tube 11 Flow control valve 12 Control device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大澤 勇 神奈川県川崎市川崎区田辺新田１番１号 富士電機株式会社内 審査官 榊原 貴子 (56)参考文献 特開 平３−216965（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−252062（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−188566（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) H01M 8/00 - 8/24──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Isamu Osawa 1-1-1, Tanabe-Nitta, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Examiner Takako Sakakibara (56) References JP-A-3-216965 (JP, A) JP-A-3-252062 (JP, A) JP-A-4-188566 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) H01M 8/00-8/24
Claims (3)
池発電システムにおいて、液体状の原燃料を気化した原
燃料ガスを脱硫器へ導く原燃料ガス供給系、前記脱硫器
を通過した脱硫原燃料ガスをスチームエゼクタに導く脱
硫原燃料ガス供給系、前記原燃料ガス供給系を通流する
原燃料ガスの一部を改質器のバーナに供給する助燃料ガ
ス供給系、およびリサイクル系に設けられた止め弁から
原燃料ガス供給系との合流点までの配管にこれらを加熱
する加熱手段を備え、かつ、加熱箇所の温度を検出する
温度検出器と、前記温度検出器での検出温度と原燃料が
再液化するのを防止できる所定温度の目標値との偏差か
ら加熱手段による加熱を制御する制御手段とを備えたこ
とを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。In a fuel cell power generation system having a fuel cell and a fuel reformer, a fuel gas is obtained by vaporizing a liquid raw fuel.
Raw fuel gas supply system for leading fuel gas to desulfurizer, desulfurizer
The desulfurized raw fuel gas that has passed through the
Sulfur fuel gas supply system, flowing through the raw fuel gas supply system
Auxiliary fuel gas supply system for supplying a part of the raw fuel gas to the burner of the reformer, and heat them from stop valve provided in the recycling system to the pipe leading to the merging point with the raw fuel gas supply system
A heating means for, and a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heating portion, the heating means from the deviation between the target value of a predetermined temperature that can prevent the detection temperature and the raw fuel at said temperature detector for reliquefaction And a control means for controlling heating by the fuel cell.
電気ヒータであることを特徴とする燃料電池発電システ
ム。2. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heating means is an electric heater.
は燃料電池発電システムで発生する温水、又は水蒸気が
通流する伝熱管であることを特徴とする燃料電池発電シ
ステム。3. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heating means is a heat transfer tube through which hot water or steam generated in the fuel cell power generation system flows.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6068970A JP2794081B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6068970A JP2794081B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07254425A JPH07254425A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
| JP2794081B2 true JP2794081B2 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
Family
ID=13389045
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6068970A Expired - Lifetime JP2794081B2 (en) | 1994-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2794081B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6078030A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-06-20 | Millipore Corporation | Component heater for use in semiconductor manufacturing equipment |
| JP5183931B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2013-04-17 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Fuel cell system and operation method thereof |
| DE102010026827A1 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-12 | Daimler Ag | Device for connecting a line element to a component |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03216965A (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-24 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell plant |
| JP3071207B2 (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 2000-07-31 | 富士電機株式会社 | Fuel cell power generator |
-
1994
- 1994-03-15 JP JP6068970A patent/JP2794081B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07254425A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
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