JP2795353B2 - Image forming method - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image forming method using a toner containing a specific styrene resin, and more particularly, to an image forming method formed on an organic photoconductive photoreceptor. The electrostatic latent image is developed with a toner containing a metal ion cross-linkable styrene resin, and after transferring this toner image to a recording material, the toner remaining on the organic photoconductive photoreceptor is removed by a cleaning blade. The present invention relates to an image forming method including a step.

[Conventional technology]

An image forming method using a toner generally includes a charging step of charging the surface of a photoconductor at a uniform potential, an exposure step of forming an electrostatic latent image by imagewise exposing the charged surface of the photoconductor, and a static process. A developing step of developing the electrostatic latent image with toner, a transfer step of transferring the toner image obtained by the development to a recording material, a fixing step of fixing the transferred toner, and a toner remaining on the surface of the photoconductor after the transfer And a cleaning step of removing the

As a photoreceptor, an organic photoconductive photoreceptor provided with a photosensitive layer made of various organic photoconductive substances has recently attracted attention. The organic photoconductive photoreceptor is superior to the inorganic photoconductive photoreceptor made of selenium, cadmium sulfide, or the like in terms of film forming property, light weight, and productivity.

On the other hand, styrene resins are known as resins for toner. The styrene-based resin contributes to the improvement of the triboelectric charging property of the toner because of its high insulating property, and also contributes to the improvement of the fixing property of the toner.

However, heretofore, as a technique for forming an image with a toner containing a styrene-based resin using an organic photoconductive photoreceptor, the following technique has been proposed.

A technique using a developer obtained by mixing a coating carrier formed by forming a coating layer with a fluorine-based resin with a toner containing a styrene-based resin, and an organic photoconductive photoreceptor (JP-A-60-176048) No.).

A fluidizing agent for a toner containing a styrene resin,
A technique using a developer containing a metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and an organic photoconductive photoreceptor (JP-A-62-293251).

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, since the organic photoconductive photoconductor has a small Vickers hardness of about 10 to 30 on its surface, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the cleaning blade against the surface of the organic photoconductive photoconductor when cleaning with the cleaning blade. Therefore, when a toner containing a styrene-based resin is used, there is a problem that cleaning failure easily occurs.

That is, in the production of a styrene resin, an acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic functional group such as a carboxyl group is usually used together with the styrene monomer, so that a large amount of unreacted hydrophilic functional group remains. Therefore, the hydrophilic functional group increases the toner's moisture adsorbing property, thereby increasing the physical adhesion between the toner and the organic photoconductive photoreceptor, making it extremely difficult to clean the toner with a cleaning blade.

In addition, since the toner has a high water adsorption property, the toner filmed on the surface of the organic photoconductive photoreceptor adsorbs water, and the surface resistance of the portion is greatly reduced. As a result,
There is a problem that the electrostatic latent image in the portion is disturbed and “image deletion” easily occurs.

The above problems are, for example, a temperature of 33 ° C and a relative humidity of 80%
In the case of forming an image in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment, it becomes more remarkable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an image forming method capable of satisfactorily cleaning a toner with a cleaning blade in an environment of high temperature and high room, and forming an image without image deletion.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an electrostatic photoconductor formed on an organic photoconductive photoconductor in which an organic photoconductive substance is dispersed and contained in a binder resin made of polycarbonate. Developing the latent image with toner, transferring the toner image to a recording material, and removing the toner remaining on the organic photoconductive photoreceptor with a cleaning blade; A styrene-based resin obtained from a monomer containing a monomer having a hydrophilic functional group, wherein a polyvalent metal ion is coordinated to a hydrophilic functional group to form an ion-crosslinkable styrene-based resin , And using a toner having a maximum adsorbed water content of less than 0.4% by weight.

That is, in the present invention, in an image forming method using an organic photoconductive photoreceptor in which an organic photoconductive substance is dispersed and contained in a binder resin made of polycarbonate, a large amount of a hydrophilic functional group such as a carboxyl group is present. Rather than using the styrene resin as it is, by using a metal ion crosslinked styrene resin in which the hydrophilic functional group is sealed by a polyvalent metal ion, the water adsorption of the toner is suppressed to a small extent. As a result, It weakens the physical adhesion to the organic photoconductive photoreceptor to facilitate cleaning with a cleaning blade, and reduces the amount of water adsorbed on the toner filmed on the surface of the organic photoconductive photoreceptor, resulting from the water. Thus, the occurrence of “image deletion” is effectively prevented by suppressing the decrease in surface resistance.

The toner used in the present invention is a styrene-based resin obtained from a monomer containing a monomer having a hydrophilic functional group,
The toner contains a metal ion crosslinked styrene resin in which a polyvalent metal ion is coordinated to a hydrophilic functional group to form an ion crosslinked bond.

As a monomer for obtaining the metal ion crosslinking agent styrene-based resin, styrene-based monomers, acryl-based monomers, other vinyl monomers, and the like can be used. As the acrylic monomer, esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and other derivatives can be used.

A carboxyl group is preferred as a hydrophilic functional group for forming an ionic cross-link by a polyvalent metal ion.
This carboxyl group can be obtained by using esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and other derivatives.

Examples of the styrene monomer for obtaining the metal ion crosslinked styrene resin include styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, α-
Methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,3-dimethylstyrene, p-butylstyrene, p-hexylstyrene, p-dodecylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p
-Chlorstyrene and the like can be used. These monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Of these, styrene is particularly preferred, and its blending ratio is preferably about 50 to 95% by weight of the metal ion crosslinked styrene resin. When styrene is in this range, the remaining hydrophilic functional group can be sufficiently sealed by the polyvalent metal ion.

Acrylic monomers for obtaining metal ion crosslinked styrene resins include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate Acrylates such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl α-chloroacrylate; methyl methacrylate,
Ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, dimethyl methacrylate Methacrylic esters such as aminoethyl and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate can be used.

As the monomer having a carboxyl group which is a hydrophilic functional group, an acrylate or methacrylate having a hydroxyl group or a derivative thereof, and a half ester compound having a structure obtained by an esterification reaction with a dicarboxylic acid compound are preferable. Can be used. According to such a half-ester compound, the steric hindrance of the chemical structure is reduced because the carboxyl group is introduced at a position that has little effect on the main chain configuration, and as a result, the reaction between the carboxyl group and the polyvalent metal ion is reduced. It is possible to obtain a metal ion crosslinked styrenic resin in which ionic crosslinks are formed by progressing efficiently and the hydrophilic functional groups are sufficiently sealed.

Examples of the dicarboxylic acid compound for obtaining the half ester compound include an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compound such as malonic acid, succinic acid, and glutaric acid, and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid compound such as phthalic acid. This dicarboxylic acid compound may be substituted with a hydrogen atom by a halogen group element, a lower alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or the like, or may be an acid anhydride.

An acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid ester having a hydroxyl group for obtaining a half ester compound or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by adding 1 mol or more than 2 mol of an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, Examples thereof include hydroxyalkyl esters obtained by subjecting acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to a dihydric alcohol such as propylene glycol by an esterification reaction.

Preferred examples of the half-ester compound include those represented by the following general formula (1).

General formula (1) However, L represents a divalent linking group having 3 or more carbon atoms having an ester bond in the molecular chain, and may have a substituent. R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Examples of the dicarboxylic acid compound used to obtain the half-ester compound represented by the general formula (1) include monoacryloyloxyethyl succinate, monoacryloyloxypropyl succinate, monoacryloyloxyethyl glutarate, and phthalate. Monoacryloyloxyethyl acrylate, monoacryloyloxypropyl phthalate, monomethacryloyloxyethyl succinate, monomethacryloyloxypropyl succinate, monoacryloyloxyethyl glutarate, monoacryloyloxyethyl phthalate, phthalate Acid monomethacryloyloxypropyl ester and the like can be mentioned.

The mixing ratio of each monomer to obtain the metal ion crosslinked styrene resin is 95 to 50% by weight of the styrene monomer and 5 to 5% of the acrylate or methacrylate.
The content is 50% by weight, and the content of the half ester compound is 0.5 to 30% by weight, preferably about 1 to 20% by weight. With such a mixing ratio, the adsorption of moisture is sufficiently suppressed, the cleaning property is further improved, and the occurrence of image deletion can be more effectively prevented.

Examples of the polyvalent metal element serving as a metal ion for obtaining a metal ion crosslinked styrenic resin include Cu, Ag, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr,
Ba, Zn, Cd, Al, Ti, Ge, Sn, V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Zr, Se and the like can be mentioned. Among them, alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) and zinc group elements (Zn, Cd) are preferable, and Mg and Zn are particularly preferable.

These polyvalent metal elements are subjected to the reaction in the form of a compound. Such polyvalent metal compounds include, for example, fluorides, chlorides, chlorates, bromides, iodides, oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, zincates, sulfates, selenides of the above metal elements. , Telluride, nitride, nitrate, phosphide, phosphinate, phosphate, carbonate, orthosilicate, acetate, oxalate, lower alkyl metal compounds such as methyl compounds or ethyl compounds, and the like. it can. Of these, acetates or oxides of the above metal elements are particularly preferred.

The compounding ratio of the polyvalent metal compound is preferably about 0.1 to 1 mol per 1 mol of the charged half ester compound.

Examples of a method for forming a ionic cross-linking by coordinating a polyvalent metal ion with a hydrophilic functional group include the following methods.

(1) For example, a polyvalent metal compound or a dispersion solution of the polyvalent metal compound is mixed with a solution containing a styrene-based resin obtained by polymerization by a solution polymerization method, and the temperature is raised to about 1 to
Desolvation treatment was performed for 3 hours, and the temperature of the reaction system was 150
A method in which the reaction is completed by maintaining the temperature at about 180 ° C. for about one hour or more at a temperature of about 180 ° C.

(2) A method in which a polyvalent metal compound is present in a reaction system together with a solvent before polymerization for obtaining a styrene-based resin is carried out.

(3) A method in which the product obtained by performing the solvent removal treatment in the above (1) is melt-kneaded by a roll mill, a kneader, an extruder or the like to complete the reaction.

The metal ion crosslinked styrene resin obtained as described above preferably has a molecular weight distribution that can be divided into at least two groups of a low molecular weight polymer component and a high molecular weight polymer component. By having such a molecular weight distribution,
A toner excellent in fixing property and offset resistance can be obtained.

Here, the molecular weight refers to a value obtained by the following measurement method. That is, the weight average molecular weight Mw, the number average molecular weight Mn, and the peak molecular weight are measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions. At a temperature of 40 ° C., a solvent (tetrahydrofuran) is flowed at a flow rate of 1.2 ml / min, and 3 mg of a tetrahydrofuran sample solution having a concentration of 0.2 g / 20 ml is injected as a sample weight for measurement. In measuring the molecular weight of a sample, a measurement condition is selected in which the logarithm of the molecular weight and the count number of the calibration curve prepared from several types of monodisperse polystyrene standard samples are linear. Note that the reliability of the measurement results was determined by the ratio Mw of an NBS706 polystyrene standard sample (weight average molecular weight Mw = 28.8 × 10 ⁴ , number average molecular weight Mn = 13.7 × 10 ⁴ , Mw / Mn = 2.11) measured under the above measurement conditions. / Mn value is 2.
Confirm by reaching 11 ± 0.10. Further, as the GPC column, any column may be used as long as it satisfies the above conditions. Specifically, TSK-GEL, GMH
(Manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd.) can be used. Note that the solvent and the measurement temperature are not limited to the above conditions, and may be appropriately changed.

The softening point of the metal ion crosslinked styrene resin obtained as described above is preferably about 100 to 150 ° C. from the viewpoint of improving the offset resistance and the fixing property.

Here, the softening point is a flow tester “CFT-500”
(Manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and the measurement conditions were 200kg / c load.
m ² , nozzle diameter 1mm, nozzle length 1mm, preheating 40 ° C
At a heating rate of 6 ° C./min for 10 minutes and measuring and recording a sample volume of 1 cm ³ (intrinsic specific gravity × 1 cm ³ ), a plunger descent-temperature curve (softening flow) of a flow tester obtained. When the height of the S-shaped curve in the curve is h, the temperature at h / 2 is referred to.

The toner used in the present invention contains the metal ion crosslinked styrene resin as an essential component as described above, and further contains a coloring agent, a fixing improver, and the like as necessary as other components. It may be.

Examples of the coloring agent include carbon black, chromatic dyes and pigments, and the like.

Examples of the fixability improver include a polyolefin wax made of polypropylene or the like.

Further, an external additive such as inorganic fine particles and a fatty acid metal salt may be further added to the toner obtained as described above to form a toner. These inorganic fine particles and fatty acid metal salt exert an effect of further reducing the physical adhesion of the toner to the organic photoconductive photoreceptor.

As such inorganic fine particles, for example, fine particles such as hydrophobic silica and hydrophobic titanium oxide can be used. Powders such as zinc stearate can be used as the fatty acid metal salt. These may be used in combination of two or more.

When a magnetic toner is obtained, fine particles of a magnetic substance such as magnetite and ferrite are contained in the toner particles.

The maximum amount of adsorbed water of the toner is preferably less than 0.4% by weight.

Here, the maximum amount of adsorbed moisture of the toner is a value obtained by measuring 1 g of the toner by a Karl Fischer method after sufficiently adjusting the humidity in an environment of a temperature of 33 ° C. and a relative humidity of 80%. Here, the “toner” is a concept including an external additive such as inorganic fine particles.

The maximum adsorbed water content of the toner is less than 0.4% by weight, which further improves the cleaning performance in a high temperature and high humidity environment with a temperature of 33 ° C and a relative humidity of 80%, and more effectively reduces the occurrence of image deletion. Can be prevented.

As the carrier used together with the toner when constituting the two-component developer, a coating carrier obtained by forming a resin coating layer on the surface of magnetic particles is preferable.

In the present invention, an electrostatic latent image formed on an organic photoconductive photoreceptor is developed with a toner containing a specific metal ion crosslinked styrene resin as described above, and the toner After transferring the image to the recording material, the toner remaining on the organic photoconductive photoreceptor is removed by a cleaning blade. The toner image transferred to the recording material is fixed by a heat roller fixing device or the like to form a fixed image.

The organic photoconductive photoreceptor used in the present invention is provided with a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductive substance.As the photosensitive layer, an organic photoconductive substance is contained in a binder resin made of polycarbonate. What is constituted by being dispersed and used is used.

The photosensitive layer preferably has a laminated structure including at least a carrier generation layer and a carrier transport layer. Further, an intermediate layer and an adhesive layer may be provided as necessary.

As the carrier generating substance, a polycyclic quinone compound or the like can be used.

As the carrier transporting material, a hydrazone compound, a styryl compound, or the like can be used.

The organic photoconductive photoreceptor is formed by laminating a photosensitive layer on a conductive support.

As such a conductive support, a support formed by depositing a metal such as aluminum on a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate can be used.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show specific structural examples of the organic photoconductive photoreceptor.
Shown in the figure.

FIG. 1 shows that a photosensitive layer 4 composed of a laminate of a carrier generating layer 2 mainly containing a carrier generating substance and a carrier transporting layer 3 mainly containing a carrier transporting substance is provided on a conductive support 1. Configuration.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which an intermediate layer 5 is provided on the conductive support 1 and the photosensitive layer 4 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the intermediate layer 5.

FIG. 3 shows a structure in which a photosensitive layer 4 formed by dispersing a particulate carrier generating substance 7 in a layer 6 mainly composed of a carrier transporting substance is provided on a conductive support 1.

FIG. 4 shows a structure in which an intermediate layer 5 is provided on the conductive support 1, and the photosensitive layer 4 having the structure shown in FIG.

Next, an image forming apparatus that can be used for carrying out the image forming method of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5 schematically shows an image forming apparatus, in which 10 is an organic photoconductive photoreceptor, 21 is a charger, 22 is an exposure optical system, 23 is a developing device,
24 is a transfer unit, 25 is a cleaning unit, 25A is a cleaning blade, 26 is a fixing unit, and 30 is a recording material.

First, the surface of the organic photoconductive photoconductor 10 is charged to a uniform potential by the charger 21.

The surface of the uniformly charged organic photoconductive photoreceptor 10 is imagewise exposed by the exposure optical system 22 to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface.

This electrostatic latent image is developed by the developing device 23 to form a toner image corresponding to the electrostatic latent image.

The toner image obtained by the development is transferred to the recording material 30 by the transfer device 24.

The toner image transferred onto the recording material 30 is fixed by a heat roller by the fixing device 26 to form a fixed image.

On the other hand, the toner remaining on the organic photoconductive photoreceptor 10 without being transferred is scraped off by the cleaning blade 25 in the cleaning device 25 and removed.

The surface of the cleaned organic photoconductive photoconductor 10 is
The toner is uniformly charged again by the charger 21 and used for forming the next image.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be specifically described together with comparative examples. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments. In the following description, “parts” means “parts by weight” unless otherwise specified.

<Production of Photoreceptor> Photoreceptor A Aluminium was deposited on a conductive support made of polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 100 μm, and vinyl chloride was deposited on the conductive support.
Vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer "S-lec MF-
10 ”(manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), an intermediate layer having a thickness of about 0.1 μm was provided under a vacuum atmosphere of 2 × 10 ^{−4 to} 3 × 10 ⁻⁴ Torr.
4,10-Dibromoanthanthrone “Monolith Red 2Y” (CINo.59300, manufactured by ICI), a polycyclic quinone compound, is heated at 350 ° C. for 3 minutes to evaporate and adhere to the intermediate layer The carrier generating layer having a thickness of about 0.5 μ was formed by deposition.

On the other hand, 11.25 g of a hydrazone compound represented by the following structural formula (a), 0.028 g of picryl chloride, and 15 g of polycarbonate "Panlite L-1250" (manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Limited) are mixed in 100 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane. The obtained solution is applied on the carrier generating layer by a doctor blade and dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 1 hour to a thickness of about 12 μm.
To form an organic photoconductive photoreceptor having a function-separated type photosensitive layer. This is called "Photoconductor A"
And

Photoconductor B In the production of the photoconductor A, the hydrazone-based compound represented by the structural formula (a) was changed to 11.25 g of a styryl-based compound represented by the following structural formula (b), and picryl chloride was replaced with tetrabromoacetic anhydride 0.11 g. In the same way except for changing to g, a carrier generation layer with a thickness of about 0.5μ and a carrier transport layer with a thickness of about 12μ were formed, and an organic photoconductive photoreceptor with a function-separated type photosensitive layer was manufactured. did. This is designated as "Photoconductor B".

<Production of Resin for Toner> Resin A (for the present invention) Using 72 parts of styrene, 10 parts of methyl methacrylate, 14 parts of butyl acrylate, 4 parts of monoacryloyloxyethyl succinate, and 0.5 part of zinc oxide, It has a bimodal molecular weight distribution and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 170,00
0, a metal ion crosslinked styrene resin having a number average molecular weight Mn of 9,000 and a softening point of 130 ° C. was produced. This is called "resin A"
And

Resin B (for the present invention) Using 82 parts of styrene, 14 parts of butyl acrylate, 4 parts of monoacryloyloxyethyl isophthalate, and 0.6 part of magnesium oxide, has a molecular weight distribution of two peaks, and has a weight average molecular weight. Mw is 186,000, number average molecular weight Mn is 1
A metal ion crosslinked styrenic resin having a softening point of 132 ° C. was produced at 000. This is designated as “resin B”.

Resin C (Comparative) A styrene resin having a softening point of 128 ° C. and not cross-linked by metal ions was produced in the same manner except that zinc oxide was not used in the production of resin A. This is called "Resin C"
And

<Manufacture of Toner> Toner 1 (for the present invention) Resin A: 100 parts Polypropylene wax: 5 parts "Viscole 660P" (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries) Carbon black: 10 parts "Mogal L" (manufactured by Cabot) The above materials are mixed and melt-kneaded by a heating roll,
After cooling, the mixture was coarsely pulverized, further finely pulverized by a jet mill, and classified by an air classifier to obtain a powder having an average particle size of 11.0 μm.

For 100 parts of this powder, 0.2 parts of hydrophobic titanium oxide fine particles “T-805” (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), 0.4 parts of hydrophobic silica fine particles “R-812” (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), and zinc stearate 0.1 part of powder (manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) was added thereto, and the mixture was mixed by a turbular mixer for 10 minutes to produce a toner. This is referred to as “toner 1”.

The maximum amount of adsorbed water of the toner 1 was 0.25% by weight.

Toner 2 (for the present invention) A toner was produced in the same manner as in the production of Toner 1, except that resin A was changed to resin B. This is referred to as “toner 2”. The maximum amount of adsorbed water of the toner 2 is 0.30
% By weight.

Toner 3 (for comparison) A toner was produced in the same manner as in the production of Toner 1, except that the resin A was changed to the resin C. This is referred to as “toner 3”. The maximum adsorbed water content of this toner 3 is 0.45
% By weight.

<Preparation of Developer> Each of the toners 1 to 3 and a coating carrier obtained by providing a coating layer made of a fluororesin on the surface of spherical ferrite particles “F-150” (manufactured by Nippon Iron Powder Co., Ltd.) By mixing, developers 1 to 3 having a toner concentration of 4% by weight were prepared.

Example 1 An electrophotographic copying machine "U-Bix1550" equipped with photoconductor A and equipped with a cleaning blade (manufactured by Konica Corporation)
Using the modified machine and the developer 1, the temperature is 33 ° C and the relative humidity is 80.
%, The electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive member A is developed with the toner 1 in an environment of high temperature and high humidity, and the toner image is transferred to a recording material made of plain paper, and then remains on the photosensitive member A. While the removed toner is removed by the cleaning blade, the actual transfer test for forming the fixed image by fixing the toner transferred to the recording material by the heat roller fixing device is continuously performed 30,000 times. The presence or absence of occurrence was evaluated.

Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 Evaluations were made in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive member and the developer were changed as shown in Table 1 below, and a real-image test was performed.

 The above results are shown in Table 1 below.

As can be understood from the results in Table 1, according to Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, the cleaning property is good,
In addition, no image deletion occurs.

On the other hand, according to Comparative Example 1, the toner resin
Since it is a styrene-based resin that is not crosslinked by metal ions, the toner has a high water-absorbing property, is inferior in cleaning performance, and is liable to cause image deletion.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, in an image forming method using an organic photoconductive photoconductor in which an organic photoconductive substance is dispersed and contained in a binder resin made of polycarbonate, the organic photoconductive substance is contained in a toner. The resin is a styrene-based resin obtained from a monomer containing a monomer having a hydrophilic functional group, wherein a polyvalent metal ion is coordinated to the hydrophilic functional group to form an ionic cross-linking metal ion It is a cross-linked styrene-based resin, and the hydrophilic functional group is sealed by a polyvalent metal ion, so that the toner has a low water absorption property. As a result, even in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the amount of water adsorbed on the toner is small, and the physical adhesion to the organic photoconductive photoreceptor due to the water is reduced, and therefore, the cleaning by the cleaning blade becomes easy. Moreover, since the amount of water adsorbed on the toner filmed on the surface of the organic photoconductive photoreceptor is small and the decrease in surface resistance due to the water is suppressed,
An image can be formed without causing image deletion.

In addition, since the maximum amount of adsorbed water of the toner is less than 0.4% by weight, the water adsorbability of the toner is sufficiently small, no cleaning failure occurs, and an image without image deletion can be stably formed many times. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 4 are schematic cross-sectional views each showing a specific configuration example of an organic photoconductive photoreceptor, and FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an image forming apparatus that can be used for carrying out the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Conductive support, 2 ... Carrier generation layer 3 ... Carrier transport layer 4, ... Photosensitive layer 5 ... Intermediate layer 6 ... Layer containing carrier transport material as a main component 7 ... Carrier generation material, 10 Organic photoconductive photoreceptor 21 Charger 22 Exposure optical system 23 Developing device 24 Transfer device 25 Cleaning device 25A Cleaning blade 26 Fixing device 30 … Recording material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-217368 (JP, A) JP-A-63-217360 (JP, A) JP-A-61-110155 (JP, A) JP-A-61-110 284771 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G03G 9/087

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An electrostatic latent image formed on an organic photoconductive photoconductor in which an organic photoconductive substance is dispersed and contained in a binder resin made of polycarbonate is developed with toner.
After transferring the toner image to a recording material, an image forming method including a step of removing a toner remaining on the organic photoconductive photoreceptor with a cleaning blade, wherein the toner includes a monomer having a hydrophilic functional group. A styrene-based resin obtained from a monomer containing a metal ion-crosslinked styrene-based resin in which a polyvalent metal ion is coordinated to a hydrophilic functional group to form an ion-crosslinked bond, An image forming method, wherein a toner having an adsorbed water amount of less than 0.4% by weight is used.