JP2800901B2 - Nitrate adverse effects reduction method - Google Patents
Nitrate adverse effects reduction methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2800901B2 JP2800901B2 JP2016661A JP1666190A JP2800901B2 JP 2800901 B2 JP2800901 B2 JP 2800901B2 JP 2016661 A JP2016661 A JP 2016661A JP 1666190 A JP1666190 A JP 1666190A JP 2800901 B2 JP2800901 B2 JP 2800901B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nitrate
- feed
- adverse effects
- cysteine
- cattle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 21
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 108090000913 Nitrate Reductases Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010061951 Methemoglobin Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000030090 Acute Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000022555 Genital disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007976 Ketosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000006835 Lamins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010047294 Lamins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070863 Toxicity to various agents Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010876 biochemical test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004140 ketosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005053 lamin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000004396 mastitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は牛の飼養における飼料中の硝酸塩の有害作
用を軽減する方法に関するものである。The present invention relates to a method for reducing the harmful effects of nitrate in feed in cattle breeding.
牛の飼養において、飼料中の硝酸塩は通常第一胃内の
微生物により還元され、亜硝酸塩、ハイドロキシラミン
を経て、第一胃微生物の窒素源として利用され、最終的
に牛の栄養となる。しかし、この範囲を超える多量の硝
酸塩が摂取されると、硝酸塩は亜硝酸塩、ハイドロキシ
ラミンの段階で第一胃壁から吸収され、血液中のヘモグ
ロビンと結合してメトヘモグロビンを形成し、ヘモグロ
ビンの酸素運搬能力を奪い、酸素欠乏を起こし、いわゆ
る硝酸中毒を発症する。中毒症状を発症しない水準で
も、硝酸塩の摂取が多い場合、生殖器疾患、乳房炎、ケ
トン症などの疾患が多発する傾向がある。In cattle breeding, nitrate in feed is usually reduced by microorganisms in the rumen, is used as a nitrogen source for ruminal microorganisms through nitrite and hydroxylamine, and finally becomes cattle nutrition. However, when a large amount of nitrate is taken in excess of this range, nitrate is absorbed from the rumen wall at the stage of nitrite and hydroxylamine, and combines with hemoglobin in the blood to form methemoglobin, and oxygen transport of hemoglobin It loses capacity, causes oxygen deprivation, and develops so-called nitric acid poisoning. Even at levels that do not cause toxic symptoms, when nitrate intake is high, diseases such as genital diseases, mastitis, and ketosis tend to occur frequently.
これらの発生機序については不明な部分が多いが、牛
に対して慢性疾患を含めて何らかの有害作用をもたらす
飼料中の硝酸塩の水準は硝酸態窒素として摂取飼料全乾
物中0.1パーセント以上とされている。飼料中の硝酸塩
含量はこの水準を超える飼料が多く、牛は何らかの有害
作用を被りやすい状態におかれている。この硝酸塩の有
害作用を軽減する方法として、まず第一の飼料作物の施
肥等の肥培管理を適正に行い、硝酸塩含量の低い飼料を
生産することである。しかし、飼料の利用状況から硝酸
塩含量の多い飼料を給与せざるを得ない場合が多く、こ
の発明は、このような場合の酸塩含量の有害作用を軽減
するための方法である。飼料中の硝酸塩含量が高く、牛
に過剰に摂取された硝酸塩は第一胃内で第一胃微生物の
もつ硝酸塩還元酵素（ナイトレート・リグクターゼ）に
よって還元され、亜硝酸塩やハイドロキシラミンにな
り、これらが第一胃壁から吸収されて有害作用を起こす
が、硝酸塩還元酵素（ナイトレート・リグクターゼ）の
作用を抑える物質があり、これを牛に投与することによ
って、第一胃内での亜硝酸塩やハイドロキシラミンの生
成を抑え、血液中のメトヘモグロビンの生成を抑え、飼
料中の硝酸塩を過剰に摂取することによって起る有害作
用を抑えることができる。この硝酸塩還元酵素（ナイト
レート・リグクターゼ）の作用を抑える物質としてタン
グステン酸塩、二硫化ナトリウム、砒素酸塩などが有効
であることが報告されている。Although much is unknown about the mechanism of these outbreaks, the level of nitrate in feed that causes some adverse effects on cattle, including chronic illness, has been determined to be at least 0.1% of total dry matter ingested as nitrate nitrogen. I have. Many feeds have a nitrate content above this level, and cattle are vulnerable to some adverse effects. As a method for reducing the harmful effects of nitrate, first, fertilization management such as fertilization of the first feed crop is appropriately performed to produce a feed with a low nitrate content. However, in many cases, feeds having a high nitrate content must be supplied due to the utilization status of the feed, and the present invention is a method for reducing the adverse effect of the acid salt content in such a case. The nitrate content in the feed is high, and the nitrate that is excessively ingested by cattle is reduced in the rumen by nitrate reductase (nitrate liguctase) of ruminal microorganisms, resulting in nitrite and hydroxylamine. Is absorbed from the rumen wall and causes harmful effects. However, there are substances that suppress the action of nitrate reductase (nitrate ligutase), which can be administered to cattle to reduce nitrite and hydroxyl levels in the rumen. The production of lamin can be suppressed, the production of methemoglobin in the blood can be suppressed, and the adverse effects caused by excessive intake of nitrate in feed can be suppressed. It has been reported that tungstate, sodium disulfide, arsenate, and the like are effective as substances that suppress the action of nitrate reductase (nitrate ligectase).
この発明は硝酸塩還元酵素（ナイトレート・リダクタ
ーゼ）の作用を抑える物質のうち天然物質であるシステ
インを牛に投与することにより硝酸塩還元酵素（ナイト
レート・リグクターゼ）の還元作用を抑え、飼料中硝酸
塩の有害作用を軽減する方法である。The present invention suppresses the reducing action of nitrate reductase (nitrate reductase) by administering cysteine, which is a natural substance among the substances that suppress the action of nitrate reductase (nitrate reductase), to cattle, thereby reducing nitrate in feed. It is a way to reduce adverse effects.
牛へのシステインの投与効果は次の飼養試験により確
認された。The effect of cysteine administration to cattle was confirmed by the following feeding test.
1.システインの投与試験 粗飼料分析の結果、硝酸態窒素として乾物中0.2パー
セント以上を含有するコーン・サイレージを給与する農
家に繋留されている乳牛20頭を用い、10頭ずつＡ区、Ｂ
区の２群に分け、Ａ区は対照区として供試乳牛にシステ
イを投与せず、Ｂ区は投与区として供試乳牛に一日一頭
あたり60グラムずつ30日間、システインの投与を行っ
た。投与開始後30日目にＡ区、Ｂ区との各供試乳牛の血
液生化学検査を行った。試験成績は表１に示す通り、シ
ステイン投与により明らかに血液中のメトヘモグロビン
含量が低下しいる。1. Cysteine administration test As a result of roughage analysis, using 20 dairy cows moored to a farm that feeds corn silage containing 0.2% or more of dry matter as nitrate nitrogen, 10 cows in each of A and B
The dairy cows were not administered cysteine as a control in the A group as a control group, and the dairy cows were administered cysteine in the B group as the administration group at a rate of 60 g per animal for 30 days. On day 30 after the start of the administration, blood biochemical tests were performed on the test dairy cows in section A and section B. As shown in the test results, as shown in Table 1, the methemoglobin content in blood was clearly reduced by the administration of cysteine.
この投与試験から硝酸塩を多く摂取している乳牛への
システインの投与は明らかに血液中のメトヘモグロビン
量を低下させることから、牛へのシステインの投与は硝
酸塩の過剰摂取による有害作用を軽減する効果が示され
ている。 Cysteine administration to dairy cows consuming high nitrate obviously reduces the amount of methemoglobin in the blood, indicating that administration of cysteine to cattle reduces the adverse effects of excessive nitrate intake. It is shown.
飼料中の硝酸塩の含量は草種、刈取り時期、部位、施
肥条件、天候など多くの要因により変動するので、投与
効果を上げるには、システインの投与量は給与する飼料
中の硝酸塩を検査し、その結果にもとずいて決定する必
要がある。従って、システインの投与量は飼料中の硝酸
塩含量を加味し、それぞれ牛に対し一日一頭あたり１グ
ラムから50グラムの範囲とする。システインは、第一胃
内でその内容物とよく混合し投与効果を高めるために、
飼料または水に混合して投与する。Since the content of nitrate in the feed fluctuates depending on many factors such as grass species, cutting time, site, fertilization conditions, weather, etc., to increase the effect of administration, the dose of cysteine should be determined by examining the nitrate in the feed to be fed, A decision must be made based on the results. Therefore, the dose of cysteine should be in the range of 1 to 50 grams per cow per day, taking into account the nitrate content of the feed. Cysteine is well mixed with its contents in the rumen to enhance the administration effect,
It is mixed with feed or water for administration.
この方法は天然物であるシステインを使用するため、
牛を飼養する農家において容易に行うことができるの
で、硝酸塩含量の高い飼料を使用せざるを得ない農家に
おける牛の急性あるいは慢性疾患の防止に役立ち、農家
の収益性の向上に寄与することができる。Because this method uses cysteine, which is a natural product,
It can be easily carried out by farmers who feed cattle, so it can help prevent acute or chronic diseases of cattle in farmers who have to use feed with high nitrate content and contribute to improving farmers' profitability. it can.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) A23K 1/16 A23K 1/18 ＢＩＯＳＩＳ（ＤＩＡＬＯＧ)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) A23K 1/16 A23K 1/18 BIOSIS (DIALOG)
Claims (1)
から500グラムの量を、単品であるいは飼料または水に
混合して投与し、牛の反芻胃内でのナイトレート・リダ
クターゼ（硝酸塩還元酵素）の活性を抑え、血液中のメ
トヘモグロビンを低下させることにより飼料中の硝酸塩
の有害作用を軽減する方法。Claims: 1. A cow is administered 1 to 500 grams per day of cysteine, alone or mixed with feed or water, to provide nitrate reductase (nitrate reductase) in the rumen of cattle. A) to reduce the adverse effects of nitrate in feed by reducing the activity of methemoglobin in the blood.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016661A JP2800901B2 (en) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-01-27 | Nitrate adverse effects reduction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016661A JP2800901B2 (en) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-01-27 | Nitrate adverse effects reduction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03224449A JPH03224449A (en) | 1991-10-03 |
| JP2800901B2 true JP2800901B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 |
Family
ID=11922520
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016661A Expired - Lifetime JP2800901B2 (en) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-01-27 | Nitrate adverse effects reduction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2800901B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3232193B2 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 2001-11-26 | 潤一 高橋 | Ruminant feeding composition and method for improving ruminant feed efficiency |
| KR20020062910A (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2002-07-31 | 옥임호 | Liver function ameliorant for animal feed additive |
-
1990
- 1990-01-27 JP JP2016661A patent/JP2800901B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03224449A (en) | 1991-10-03 |
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