JP2801869B2 - Dental parallel model forming equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a parallel model from a dental model reproduced by taking impressions before and after orthodontic treatment in the field of orthodontics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among oral models, a parallel model is
It is molded before and after orthodontic treatment, and is used to judge the effect of the treatment and to examine the subsequent treatment method.However, before and after or during the orthodontic treatment, an impression is taken from the patient's mouth and reproduced with gypsum This is a model in which a base is formed on each of the upper and lower dentition models, and the base between the bases of the upper and lower jaws is made parallel.

[0003] The shape of the base of the parallel model is standardized so that it is convenient for comparative observation of the model. As shown in the upper jaw parallel model 8 in FIG. The surfaces 862 and 862 are formed so as to form a truncated isosceles triangle with the rear edge side surface 83 of the base portion 8 as the base. The angle θ between the side edge side surface 862 and the rear edge side surface 83 is generally about 65 °. The lower jaw parallel model 9 is also shown in FIG. 5B, and the same shape as the upper jaw parallel model 8 is determined.
Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), the upper jaw model 8 and the lower jaw model 9 are in an occlusal state, and the basal planes 80 and 90 are parallel to each other, and the distance D between the basal planes 80 and 90 is usually 65 mm. I have.

[0004] In order to form parallel models from upper and lower jaw models, conventionally, a flat frame having the shape of the above-mentioned base portion is filled with gypsum slurry, and the teeth are put into the slurry. A simple method has been adopted in which the jaw side of the row model is pushed in so that the occlusal surface of the dentition and the bottom surface of the frame are adjusted to have a fixed distance, and the gypsum is hardened. In this case, as the occlusal plane, a plane formed by the middle incisal edge of the lower dentition model and the cusp crest of the left and right first molars is used.

[0005] On the other hand, a jaw model is also used in orthodontics, which is a model adjusted by relating the occlusal state of the dentition model to the facial skull, and is based on the measurement of the facial skull. Since the plane, the orbit plane, and the midline are reproduced in the model, there is an advantage that the displacement of the jaw and the tooth before and after the orthodontic treatment can be accurately determined. However, the jaw model requires complex measurement operations with a special jig to measure the facial skull and reproduce the measurement results on the model, and the molding operation is not efficient.
In general, a parallel model that can be easily formed from only a tooth model is used.

However, since there are individual differences in the size and shape of the dental model, various types of large and small molds are prepared, and when forming the parallel model, a mold that is larger than the dental model is selected. After forming the base part relatively large, the base part was ground and modified to a shape suitable for the dentition by grinding the side surfaces of the trailing edge and side edges.
Grinding of this side surface is performed using a special grinder (trimmer), and the above-mentioned side surfaces are perpendicular to the base surface of the base portion, and the side surfaces of both side edges are the above-mentioned fixed angle with respect to the trailing edge side surface. Since the front edge and the corners are re-formed, the grinding correction after casting the mold takes a lot of labor and labor, and also requires a large amount of plaster of the model material. was there.

[0007] Further, using the above-mentioned jig dedicated to the jaw model, a dental model is arranged between flat plates for realizing an occlusal plane and a basal plane based on measurement data, and the base is made of gypsum slurry. Although it is also possible to form a parallel model by forming it, this jig does not have a mold, so the base must be formed by ironing the slurry, and the above shape on the side of the base The dimensions cannot be determined. Therefore, it is necessary to form the base part into a large outline, and after the gypsum hardens, it is necessary to cut and finish the base part side surface with a trimmer.Moreover, gypsum contains many small and large bubbles in the gypsum As a result, air bubbles were exposed on the side of the gypsum ground, which required repair work.

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention can adjust the base surface and each side surface of the base of the parallel model to predetermined dimensions and shapes.
At the same time comprises a predetermined distance between the parallelism of the base plane, in which the grinding is corrected after mold molding and to provide a parallel model forming device that turn into simple.

[0009]

A parallel model forming apparatus according to the present invention comprises:
An apparatus for forming a parallel model by forming a base part on a gypsum dental model of the upper and lower jaws, and a reference plane plate on which the dentition of the upper dental model is placed and temporarily attached, and An upper base plate that is arranged in parallel and at a predetermined interval to form a gypsum base on the maxillary dentition model, and a gypsum on the lower jaw model that is arranged in parallel with and at a predetermined interval to the maxillary base plate And the lower base plate forming the base. The upper base plate and the lower base plate each have a fixed frame material that forms a rear edge side surface of the gypsum base portion, and are slidably fixed to the fixed frame material to form both side edge side surfaces of the gypsum base portion. And a pair of movable frame members facing left and right, and a mold frame for forming a base portion.

[0010] In the parallel model forming apparatus, a first columnar spacer for locking the maxillary base plate is vertically provided on a reference plane plate, and a second columnar spacer for locking the maxillary base plate is vertically provided on a lower base plate. Have been.

[0011] The reference plane plate is for temporarily fixing the teeth of the upper dentition model to the plane in an abutting state. In the present invention, the plane of the reference plane plate conforms to the occlusal plane described above. And is easily handled. The maxillary base plate is arranged to face the reference plane plate at a constant interval, and forms the base of the maxillary dentition model. When the maxillary base plate is placed on the jaw side of the dental model, a plaster base is formed between the jaw side of the dental model and the mold of the maxillary base plate. The base surface of the formed base portion and the plane of the reference flat plate can be adjusted to be parallel and at a constant distance.

The mandibular base plate forms the base of the mandibular dentition model and is arranged parallel to the plate surface of the maxillary base plate at a predetermined interval. With the upper dentition model fixed to the maxillary base plate, the dentition of the lower dentition model was temporarily attached to the dentition of the upper dentition model in an occlusal state. , A gypsum base is formed between the form of the lower base plate and the lid of the mandibular dentition model. As a result, the base surface on the lower jaw side and the base surface on the upper jaw side are parallel and at a predetermined interval, and a parallel model is formed.

[0013] The molds provided on the upper base plate and the lower base plate, respectively, are filled with gypsum slurry to form a base on the chin side of the dental model of the upper and lower jaws. , And a pair of left and right movable frame members. Therefore, when the plaster slurry of the model material is injected or filled inside the mold, and the jaw side of the dental model is arranged to be pressed into the plaster slurry, after hardening, it is integrated with the lid side of the dental model. A base portion is formed by a flat surface of the base plate, and a side surface of the base portion is formed by a side surface of each corresponding frame member. It is preferable that the pair of left and right movable frame members can be slid left and right with respect to the side surface of the fixed frame member and fixed.

Since the pair of left and right movable frame members can be slid left and right with respect to the fixed frame member, the adjustment of the movement of the movable frame members facilitates adjustment of the length between both side edges of the base portion. According to the size of the dental arch model formed as a result, the base portion can be easily made to have the most suitable size and shape only by molding with the mold, and the subsequent grinding correction of the base portion can be simplified.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a parallel model forming apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the parallel model forming apparatus comprises a reference flat plate 1, an upper base plate 2, and a lower base plate 3.
And three independent members.

The reference plane plate 1 has a reference plane 10, and a center line 18 engraved on the reference plane 10, that is, a median line 18
Is a flat plate with a symmetrical outer shape. Then, first columnar spacers 5a are vertically provided at the four corners of the periphery. This reference plane 10 is used as an occlusal plane.

The maxillary base plate 2 has substantially the same outer shape as the reference flat plate 1, and has a form frame 6, which will be described later, on a surface facing the reference flat plate 1.
And the inner plate surface 20 of the formwork 6 is a flat surface for forming the upper base surface of the upper jaw. Engagement small holes 50 are formed at the four corners of the periphery of the maxillary base plate 2, respectively.

The mandibular base plate 3 has substantially the same outer shape as the reference flat plate 1, and similarly, second columnar spacers 5b are respectively provided at four corners of the peripheral edge thereof, as shown in FIG. A mold 6 similar to the maxillary base plate 2 is provided on the side facing the maxillary base plate 2, and a flat surface 30 for forming a mandibular basal surface inside the form frame 6.

The first columnar spacer 5a of the reference plane plate 1 and the second columnar spacer 5b of the lower jaw base plate 3 are arranged at the positions corresponding to the engaging small holes 50 of the upper maxillary base plate 2, and The spacers 5a and 5b are large-diameter columnar portions 51a and 51b.
And a small-diameter engagement projection 53 and a step 52 at the end thereof. When each engagement projection 53 is inserted into the engagement small hole 50 of the maxillary base plate 2, the step 52 becomes the engagement small hole. 50 outer edge plate surfaces 23
, And can be engaged.

Thus, the reference plane plate 1 and the maxillary base plate 2
Means the reference plane 10 via the first columnar spacer 5a.
And the maxillary basal plane 20 can be connected so as to be parallel (see FIGS. 3B and 4A). In addition, the lower base plate 3
The maxillary base plate 2 can be connected to the maxillary base plate 2 via the second columnar spacer 5b so that the lower base surface 30 and the upper base surface 20 are parallel (see FIG. 4C).

The length of the columnar portion 51b of the second columnar spacer 5b determines the distance D between the base surfaces 80 and 90 of the parallel model.
Normally, the length of the columnar portion 51a of the first columnar spacer 5a determines the distance d (FIG. 5C) between the reference plane 10 and the base surface 80 of the upper jaw model. The length of the columnar portion 51a is the second
Of the columnar portion 51b of the columnar spacer 5b.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the form frame 6 of the maxillary base plate 2 is cross-sectionally formed on the rear side of the plate surface 20 of the maxillary base plate 2 from side to side. A rectangular fixed frame member 61 is fixed, and a pair of left and right movable frame members 62 a and 62 b are slidably disposed in front of the front side surface 60 of the fixed frame member 61 in a direction parallel to the front side surface 60. The bottom surfaces 621 of the movable frame members 62a and 62b are in sliding contact with the plate surface 20 of the maxillary base plate 2, and the side surfaces 630 of the bases 63 and 63 provided integrally with the movable frame members 62a and 62b are on the front side surface 60 of the fixed frame member 61. Is in sliding contact.

The base 6 of the left and right movable frame members 62a, 62b
Bolts 7, 7 protrude from the fixing frame members 3, 63.
On both sides of the fixed frame member 61, left and right long holes 71, 71 penetrating the bolts 7, 7 are provided. The movable frame members 62a and 62b can be fixed at appropriate positions. Movable frame members 62a, 62b
The angle between the side surface 620 of the fixed frame member 61 and the front side surface 60 of the fixed frame member 61 is usually 65 °. Left and right movable frame members 62
Since a and 62b are replaceable, movable frames 62a and 62b having different angles between the side surface 620 and the front side surface 60 of the fixed frame 61 can be prepared, and this angle can be changed as appropriate. .

The plaster slurry 4 is poured into the inside of the form 6 to form a base. In this case, the plate surface 20 of the maxillary base plate 2 forms the base surface 80 of the parallel model 8, and the fixing frame 61
The front side surface 60 forms a rear edge side surface 860, and the movable frame member 6
The side surfaces 620 of 2a and 62b form side edge side surfaces 862 and 862. Since the left and right movable frame members 62a and 62b can be adjusted to move in the left and right directions, the distance or the distance between the side edge side surfaces 862 and 862 of the parallel model is most suitable for the dimension and shape of the tooth model. The width can be adjusted. Fixed frame member 6 for movable frame members 62a and 62b
At one end, truncated surfaces 622 and 622 are formed.

The form 6 of the mandibular base plate 3 is configured in the same manner as the form 6 of the maxillary base plate 2. However, in the case of forming a tweed model among parallel models, the angle between the side surface 620 and the front side surface 60 of the fixed frame member 61 is determined by using the upper base plate 2.
This angle can be changed to 55 ° in the mandibular base plate 3 instead of 65 °.

In the present embodiment, the shape of the notch 69 formed at the center of the mold frame 6 is arc-shaped in the maxillary base plate 2, whereas the shape of the notch portion 69 formed in the lower jaw plate 3 is arc-shaped. The difference is that the notch is angular. The shape of these notches 69 corresponds to the shape of the concave inner surface 87 of the upper jaw parallel model 8 and the shape of the substantially planar inner surface 97 of the lower jaw parallel model 9.

The reference plane plate 1, the maxillary base plate 2 and the mandibular base plate 3 are formed of a transparent glass plate or a transparent synthetic resin plate such as acrylic resin or polycarbonate resin. Since the slurry 4 can be seen through, it is convenient for a parallel model forming operation. Among the synthetic resin plates, an acrylic resin plate is particularly excellent because it has good workability, has a large surface hardness, and is hardly damaged.

In the use of the parallel model forming apparatus, its working procedure will be described below with reference to a schematic cross-sectional view on the midline of the apparatus shown in FIGS. First, upper and lower dentition models 8 ', 9' formed by taking an impression from the oral cavity of the patient.
3A, the tooth crest of the dentition 81 is placed on the reference plane 1 of the reference plane plate 1 as shown in FIG.
0 and temporarily fixed with an appropriate adhesive. At this time, the midline of the maxillary dentition model 8 ′ is made to coincide with the midline 18 of the reference plane plate 1, and the rear end of the maxillary dentition model 8 ′ is set to the rear edge reference line 16 (FIG. ) Adjust the position of the maxillary dentition model 8 'so that it is slightly forward.

As shown in FIG. 3 (C), the reference projection 1 and the maxillary base plate 2 are connected to the engaging projections 53 at the tips of the columnar spacers 5a of the reference flat plate 1 by the corresponding engaging holes of the maxillary base plate 2. 50
And fit. Next, in a state where the reference plane plate 1 and the maxillary base plate 2 are connected, the movable frame members 61, 61 are adjusted so as to have an appropriate gap on both sides of the jaw of the maxillary dentition model 8 ', and the thumb screw 72 is formed. The movable frame members 61, 61
Is fixed to the fixing frame member 61.

Prior to the above operation, a reference rod (not shown) having the same length as the columnar spacer 5a is taken into consideration from the appearance of the upper and lower jaw dentition models 8 'and 9' in consideration of the balance of the molded parallel model. ) Is used to determine the thickness of the maxillary and mandibular bases and compared to the length of the reference bar. When connecting the reference plane plate 1 and the maxillary base plate 2, it was determined based on the reference rod.
So that the thickness of the upper jaw base portion, four columnar spacers 5
a washer (not shown) is required for the engagement protrusion 53 at the tip of
And fitted on top by number of sheets may also be made as necessary to adjust the distance between the reference plane plate 1 and the upper base plate 2.

Once the maxillary base plate 2 is once removed from the reference flat plate 1, as shown in FIG. 3 (C), the mold 6 is filled with an appropriate amount of the kneaded and defoamed gypsum slurry 4, and then, as shown in FIG. (A)
As shown in FIG. 3, the outer surface of the jaw of the upper dentition model 8 ′ on the reference plane plate 1 is pushed into the plaster slurry 4 while
And the upper base plate 2 again, and the surface of the gypsum slurry 4 around the upper dentition model 8 'is formed into a predetermined shape with a spatula or a fingertip. This operation is performed using the columnar spacer 5.
This is performed by utilizing the gap between the reference plane plate 1 and the maxillary base plate 2 between “a”. Thereafter, the gypsum slurry 4 is held at least until it becomes a semi-hard state. This holding time is one hour after kneading at room temperature.
In a short time of about 0 to 15 minutes, the gypsum will not be deformed even if the operation is shifted to the next operation, if it becomes a semi-hard state.

Next, only the reference plane plate 1 is separated from the maxillary dentition model 8 ′ in the form 6 of the maxillary base plate 2, and FIG.
As shown in (A), the dentition 91 of the lower dentition model 9 'is temporarily attached and fixed to the dentition 81 of the upper dentition model 8' with the adhesive in the occlusal state while being attached to the upper base plate 2. Here, the lower jaw base plate 3 is fitted to the upper maxillary base plate 2, and the engaging projection 53 at the tip of the second columnar spacer 5b of the lower jaw base plate 3 is fitted to the corresponding engaging hole 50 of the maxillary base plate 2. The width of the movable frame members 62a and 62b of the mold frame 6 of the lower jaw base plate 3 is adjusted with respect to the lower dentition model 9 'by combining the movable frame members 62a and 62b.
Is fixed to the fixing frame member 61 with the thumb screw 72.

Once the mandibular base plate 3 is once removed, the mold 6 of the mandibular base plate 3 is filled with the gypsum slurry 4 again, and as shown in FIG. The base plate 3 is connected, and the jaw side of the mandibular dentition model 9 ′ is gypsum slurry 4.
The surface of the plaster slurry 4 around the lower dentition model 9 'and the space inside the jaw is formed into a predetermined shape with a spatula or a fingertip. In this state, the gypsum slurry 4 is held until it becomes a hardened state that can be released from the mold 6.

After the gypsum slurry 4 has completely hardened, the maxillary base plate 2
And the mandibular base plate 3 are separated, the thumb screws 72, 72 fixing the movable frame members 62a, 62b are loosened, and the model is released from the mold frame 6. In this case, there is an advantage that the mold can be released simply by expanding the movable frame members 62a, 62b right and left. Thereafter, the plaster 41 at the front part of each tooth model 8 ', 9' is cut off and ground to form parallel models 8, 9.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, usually, the tip side surface 86 of the maxillary dentition model 8 is trimmed by a trimmer.
1 is processed into an angular surface, and the tip side surface 961 of the mandibular dentition model 9 is processed into an arcuate surface, so that the upper model and the lower jaw of the parallel model can be easily distinguished. In addition, the trailing edge side surface 960 and the like are also finished by trimming the protrusion with a trimmer, and finally, the entire parallel model is immersed in a soap solution to prevent powdering and dirt on the gypsum surface, and soaping is performed. And upper and lower jaw dental model 8 ',
9 'gives parallel models 8, 9 with defined bases.

[0036]

According to the dental parallel model forming apparatus of the present invention, the reference plane plate for determining the reference plane of the parallel model and the upper and lower jaw base plates for determining the base surfaces of the upper and lower jaws are arranged in parallel and at predetermined intervals. It is easy to make the basal planes of the upper and lower jaws parallel to the specified distance, and the upper and lower jaw base plates are provided with a frame having a pair of movable frame members. The base that is most suitable for the external shape can be formed, and the plaster of the model material for forming the base is minimal, and the grinding of the rear and side edges of the parallel model can be simplified, and its cutting This is effective in reducing the material and processing man-hour required for forming the parallel model and reducing the manufacturing cost, such as reducing the amount.

After the upper base is formed by the maxillary base plate, the work can be sequentially performed even when the gypsum slurry is in a semi-hard state, and the upper and lower teeth are formed when the lower base is formed. The row model can be quickly performed while it is fixed to the maxillary base plate, and after the lower jaw base is formed, the base frame is formed only by loosening the movable frame material of the upper and lower jaw base plates. The mold can be easily removed from the mold, and the time required for molding the base can be significantly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a maxillary base plate, a reference plane plate, and a mandibular base plate used in the practice of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the maxillary base plate (A) and a cross-sectional view at the position indicated by arrows XX (B).

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view on the median line showing a working procedure in the use of the parallel model forming apparatus. FIG. 3 (A) shows a state in which an upper dentition model is temporarily attached to a reference plane plate, and FIG. Shows a state where the reference plane plate and the maxillary base plate are combined, and (C) shows a state where the mold of the maxillary base plate is filled with gypsum slurry.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view on the device midline showing the working procedure as in FIG. 3, wherein (A) shows the upper maxillary base plate and the reference plane plate connected to each other, and the maxillary dentition model is pushed into gypsum slurry. (B) shows a state in which a lower dentition model is temporarily attached to an upper dentition model, and (C) shows a state in which an upper base plate and a lower base plate are combined, and the lower dentition model is pushed into gypsum slurry. Each state is shown.

FIG. 5 is a plan view (A, B) of the formed parallel model on the dentition side and a side view (C) of the parallel model in an occlusal state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 reference plane plate 10 reference plane 2 maxillary base plate 3 lower jaw base plate 4 gypsum slurry 5a first columnar spacer 5b second columnar spacer 6 formwork 61 fixed frame material 62 movable frame material 8 maxillary parallel model 80 base bottom 83 upper jaw Base of parallel model 9 Lower jaw parallel model 90 Base plane 93 Base of lower jaw parallel model

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A device for forming a parallel model by forming a base portion on a plaster dental model of the upper and lower jaws, and a reference plane plate on which the dental rows of the dental model on the upper jaw are placed and temporarily attached,
An upper base plate which is arranged parallel to the reference plane plate and at a predetermined interval to form a gypsum base on a dental model on the upper side, and a lower jaw parallel to the upper base plate and arranged at a predetermined interval. A mandibular base plate forming a gypsum base in the row model, and the upper and lower jaw baseplates have a fixed frame material forming a rear edge side surface of the gypsum base, and the fixed frame material A pair of left and right movable frame members which are slidably disposed with respect to each other and form both side surfaces of the gypsum base portion, and a formwork for forming the base portion, each of which is provided with a parallel model. Molding equipment. 2. A first flat plate for locking an upper base plate to a reference flat plate.
The parallel model forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the columnar spacer is vertically provided, and a second columnar spacer for locking the upper basement plate is vertically provided on the lower base plate.