JP2805149B2 - How to keep horticultural crops fresh - Google Patents
How to keep horticultural crops freshInfo
- Publication number
- JP2805149B2 JP2805149B2 JP19864888A JP19864888A JP2805149B2 JP 2805149 B2 JP2805149 B2 JP 2805149B2 JP 19864888 A JP19864888 A JP 19864888A JP 19864888 A JP19864888 A JP 19864888A JP 2805149 B2 JP2805149 B2 JP 2805149B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor
- present
- horticultural crops
- horticultural
- keep
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は園芸作物の鮮度保持方法に関し、さらに詳し
くは園芸作物の追熟、老化及び変色を抑制するための鮮
度保持方法に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for maintaining freshness of horticultural crops, and more particularly to a method for maintaining freshness of horticultural crops for suppressing ripening, aging and discoloration.
（従来の技術） 園芸作物は貯蔵中にそれ自体からエチレン及びアセト
アルデヒドを発生し、その結果、生理障害を起こして、
その追熟、老化、変色等が早まることが知られている。Horticultural crops produce ethylene and acetaldehyde from themselves during storage, resulting in physiological disorders,
It is known that ripening, aging, discoloration and the like are accelerated.
これを防ぐために、園芸作物から発生する上記の各種
ガスを除去する方法が種々提案されている。その代表的
なものとして、これらのガスを活性炭によって物理的に
吸着する方法や過マンガン酸カリウムによって酸化分解
する方法を挙げることができる。しかしながら、前者の
方法では除去率に限界があり、他方、後者の方法には除
去速度が遅いという欠点がある。In order to prevent this, various methods have been proposed for removing the various gases generated from horticultural crops. Typical examples thereof include a method of physically adsorbing these gases with activated carbon and a method of oxidative decomposition with potassium permanganate. However, the former method has a limitation in the removal rate, while the latter method has a disadvantage that the removal rate is slow.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 本発明の目的は、園芸作物から発生するエチレン及び
アセトアルデヒドを効率よく除去して園芸作物の鮮度を
長期間にわたって保持する方法を提供することにある。
本発明者らは、この目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を行なっ
た結果、特定の半導体に紫外線を照射しながら、これに
エチレン及びアセトアルデヒドを接触させれば、これら
の化合物が迅速に効率よく分解されることを見出し、こ
の知見に基いて本発明を完成するに至った。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently removing ethylene and acetaldehyde generated from horticultural crops and maintaining the freshness of horticultural crops for a long period of time.
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve this object, and as a result, when irradiating a specific semiconductor with ultraviolet light and bringing it into contact with ethylene and acetaldehyde, these compounds are rapidly and efficiently decomposed. The present inventors have found that the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
（課題を解決するための手段） かくして本発明によれば、紫外線照射下にある0.5〜5
eVの禁止帯幅を有する半導体を担体に担持させて、これ
に、園芸作物の雰囲気気体を接触させることを特徴とす
る園芸作物の鮮度保持方法、及び0.5〜5eVの禁止帯幅を
有する半導体を担体に担持させて、これに、園芸作物の
雰囲気気体との接触状態において、紫外線を照射するこ
とを特徴とする園芸作物の鮮度保持方法が提供される。(Means for Solving the Problems) Thus, according to the present invention, 0.5 to 5 under ultraviolet irradiation
A semiconductor having a forbidden band width of eV is supported on a carrier, and a freshness maintaining method of a horticultural crop characterized by contacting the atmosphere gas of the horticultural crop with the carrier, and a semiconductor having a forbidden band width of 0.5 to 5 eV. A method for maintaining freshness of a horticultural crop, comprising irradiating a carrier with a UV ray in a contact state with an atmospheric gas of the horticultural crop.
本発明において用いられる0.5〜5eVの禁止帯幅を有す
る半導体の具体例としては、例えば酸化亜鉛、三酸化タ
ングステン、二酸化チタン、チタン酸ストロンチウム、
酸化第二鉄などの金属酸化物；例えば硫化亜鉛、硫化カ
ドミウム、硫化鉛、セレン化亜鉛、セレン化カドミウム
などの金属カルコゲナイド；例えばシリコン、ゲルマニ
ウムなどの第IV族元素；例えばガリウム−リン、ガリウ
ム−ヒ素、インジウム−リンなどのIII−Ｖ族化合物；
例えばポリアセチレン、ポリピロール、ポリチオフェ
ン、ポリアニリン、ポリビニルカルバゾールなどの有機
半導体を挙げることができるが、これらに限定されな
い。Specific examples of the semiconductor having a band gap of 0.5 to 5 eV used in the present invention include, for example, zinc oxide, tungsten trioxide, titanium dioxide, strontium titanate,
Metal oxides such as ferric oxide; metal chalcogenides such as zinc sulfide, cadmium sulfide, lead sulfide, zinc selenide, cadmium selenide; Group IV elements such as silicon and germanium; III-V compounds such as arsenic and indium-phosphorus;
Examples include, but are not limited to, organic semiconductors such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, and polyvinyl carbazole.
また、上記半導体にヒ素、リン、アルミニウム、ホウ
素、ナトリウム、ハロゲンなどの不純物をドープしたも
のも本発明に使用することができる。さらに、半導体の
表面に白金などを担持させることにより、触媒効果を高
めることも可能である。In addition, a semiconductor obtained by doping the semiconductor with impurities such as arsenic, phosphorus, aluminum, boron, sodium, and halogen can also be used in the present invention. Further, by carrying platinum or the like on the surface of the semiconductor, the catalytic effect can be enhanced.
これらの半導体のうち、効果の点からは２〜4eVの禁
止帯幅を有するものが好ましく、毒性及び入手の容易性
からは、三酸化タングステン、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛
などの金属酸化物及びこれらの混晶物が好ましい。Among these semiconductors, those having a band gap of 2 to 4 eV are preferable from the viewpoint of effect, and from the viewpoint of toxicity and availability, metal oxides such as tungsten trioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and the like are preferable. Mixed crystals are preferred.
本発明において半導体は、一種類単独で用いてもよい
が、混晶物などの形で二種類以上を併用することも可能
である。また、活性炭や酸性白土などの吸着性と併用す
ることもできる。In the present invention, one kind of semiconductor may be used alone, but two or more kinds of semiconductors may be used in the form of a mixed crystal. Further, it can be used in combination with the adsorptivity of activated carbon or acid clay.
本発明において、半導体の使用量は、特に限定され
ず、対象とする園芸作物の種類及び量、光源の種類及び
強度、半導体の種類等を考慮して選ばれる。In the present invention, the amount of semiconductor used is not particularly limited, and is selected in consideration of the type and amount of the target horticultural crop, the type and intensity of the light source, the type of semiconductor, and the like.
本発明において、半導体の使用形態は、半導体を不織
布、多孔質フィルム、活性炭、ゼオライト、ケイソウ土
などの担体に担持させる。これにより半導体粒子が固定
されて飛散しにくく、園芸作物の雰囲気気体との接触し
やすさに優れているため活性が高く、また、フィルター
としてそのまま使用できるなどの利点がある。In the present invention, the semiconductor is used by supporting the semiconductor on a carrier such as a nonwoven fabric, a porous film, activated carbon, zeolite, or diatomaceous earth. Thereby, there are advantages that the semiconductor particles are fixed and hardly scattered, and are excellent in contact with the atmospheric gas of horticultural crops, so that they have high activity and can be used as filters as they are.
本発明において、半導体の粒子径は小さい方が効果の
面からは好ましく、通常、１〜1,000mμのものが用いら
れるが、これ以上の大きさのものを用いることもでき
る。In the present invention, the smaller the particle diameter of the semiconductor is, the more preferable it is from the viewpoint of the effect. Usually, a particle diameter of 1 to 1,000 mμ is used, but a particle having a larger diameter can also be used.
本発明において用いられる紫外線は、波長が400nm以
下の紫外線、好ましくは400〜200nmの近紫外線である。
これらの紫外線は、超高圧水銀灯、キセノン灯、低圧水
銀灯を単独使用又は併用することにより発生させること
ができるが、放電管内に水銀と希ガス以外のガリウム、
タリウムなどの第三成分を共存させて目的に合致した波
長分布特性を有するように改良した光源を使用してもよ
い。もちろん、紫外線以外の光線、例えば可視光線を含
んでいてもよい。The ultraviolet light used in the present invention is ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less, preferably near ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 to 200 nm.
These ultraviolet rays can be generated by using an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, or a low-pressure mercury lamp alone or in combination, but gallium other than mercury and a rare gas in a discharge tube,
A light source modified so as to have a wavelength distribution characteristic suited to the purpose by coexisting a third component such as thallium may be used. Of course, light rays other than ultraviolet rays, for example, visible light rays may be included.
本発明において、園芸作物の雰囲気気体を半導体に接
触させる方法は、特に限定されないが、園芸作物の容器
の内部に、直接、紫外線照射装置（担体に担持させた半
導体と紫外線光源をいう。以下同じ。）を設置してもよ
く、また、紫外線照射装置を備えた、開放式又は密閉式
の反応器に、園芸作物の雰囲気気体を、バッチ式又は連
続方式で導入する方法を採用してもよい。In the present invention, the method of bringing the atmospheric gas of the horticultural crop into contact with the semiconductor is not particularly limited, but an ultraviolet irradiation device (a semiconductor and an ultraviolet light source carried on a carrier. ) May be installed, or a method of introducing the atmosphere gas of the horticultural crop into an open or closed reactor equipped with an ultraviolet irradiation device in a batch or continuous manner. .
本発明の方法によれば、エチレン及びアセトアルデヒ
ドの分解が効率よく行なわれるので、本発明の鮮度保持
方法は、従来からの用途である園芸作物の輸送、貯蔵等
の流通過程のみに限定されることなく、一般家庭での冷
蔵庫内における園芸作物の保存期間延長にも応用するこ
とができる。According to the method of the present invention, since the decomposition of ethylene and acetaldehyde is performed efficiently, the freshness preserving method of the present invention is limited to only the distribution process of transporting and storing horticultural crops, which are conventional applications. Instead, it can be applied to extending the storage period of horticultural crops in refrigerators at ordinary homes.
（発明の効果） かくして本発明によれば、従来技術に比較して、園芸
作物が放出するエチレン及びアセトアルデヒドを、より
効率よく、より持続的に分解することができ、園芸作物
のより長期の保存が可能になる。(Effects of the Invention) Thus, according to the present invention, ethylene and acetaldehyde released from horticultural crops can be degraded more efficiently and more sustainably than in the prior art, and horticultural crops can be stored for a longer period of time. Becomes possible.
（実施例） 以下、本発明を参考例及び実施例により、さらに詳細
に説明する。なお、参考例及び実施例の中の部及び％は
特に断りのない限り、重量基準である。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference examples and examples. Parts and% in Reference Examples and Examples are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
実施例１、比較例１及び参考例１〜３ 第１表の参考例１〜３に示す粉末状の各種半導体0.4g
を、それぞれ別々の容量80mlのパイレックス製三角フラ
スコに投入し、容器内を約125ppmのエチレンを含む空気
で置換した後、シリコンゴム栓で密閉した。次に、三角
フラスコから20cmの距離に設置された超高圧水銀灯（照
度10mW/cm2、主波長365nm）を点灯し、容器内のエチレ
ン濃度の経時変化を、ガスクロマトグラフィーで追跡し
た。また、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液をガラス板上に
流延し、これが半乾燥状態のフィルムになったときに、
アナターゼ型の二酸化チタン（粒径21mμ）を散布し、
さらに設置して完全に乾燥させて得たポリビニルアルコ
ールフィルムを裁断して0.4gの半導体を含有する試料フ
ィルム0.9gを得、これについても同様の試験を行なった
（実施例１）。さらに、比較のために半導体を使用しな
い系についても実験番号１と同様の試験を行なった（比
較例１）。Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Examples 1 to 3 0.4 g of various powdery semiconductors shown in Reference Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1.
Were charged into separate Erlenmeyer flasks made of Pyrex having a capacity of 80 ml, and the inside of the vessel was replaced with air containing about 125 ppm of ethylene, and then sealed with a silicone rubber stopper. Next, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (illuminance: 10 mW / cm 2 , main wavelength: 365 nm) placed at a distance of 20 cm from the Erlenmeyer flask was turned on, and the change over time in the ethylene concentration in the container was tracked by gas chromatography. Also, when an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution was cast on a glass plate, and this became a semi-dry film,
Spray anatase type titanium dioxide (particle size 21mμ),
Further, the polyvinyl alcohol film obtained by setting and drying completely was cut to obtain 0.9 g of a sample film containing 0.4 g of a semiconductor, and the same test was carried out (Example 1). Further, for the purpose of comparison, a test similar to Experiment No. 1 was performed on a system without using a semiconductor (Comparative Example 1).
この結果を第１表に示す。 Table 1 shows the results.
また、上記二酸化チタンを投入した三角フラスコに空
気導入管及び排出管を付け、このフラスコに紫外線を照
射しながら、上記空気導入管及び排出管を通してエチレ
ンを含有する空気を循環させて上記と同様の試験を行な
ったときも、同様の結果が得られた。In addition, an air introduction tube and a discharge tube were attached to the Erlenmeyer flask charged with the titanium dioxide, and while irradiating the flask with ultraviolet rays, air containing ethylene was circulated through the air introduction tube and the discharge tube, and the same as above. Similar results were obtained when the test was performed.
これらの結果から、本発明の方法により、エチレンが
効率よく除去されていることが分かる。From these results, it can be seen that ethylene is efficiently removed by the method of the present invention.
参考例４、比較例２ エチレンに代えてアセトアルデヒドを用いるほかは参
考例１または比較例１と同様の試験を二酸化チタンにつ
いて行なった。結果を第２表に示す。 Reference Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 The same test as in Reference Example 1 or Comparative Example 1 was performed on titanium dioxide except that acetaldehyde was used instead of ethylene. The results are shown in Table 2.
第２表の結果から、紫外線照射下にある酸化チタンに
接触することにより、アセトアルデヒドが効率よく除去
されていることが分かる。 From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that acetaldehyde was efficiently removed by contact with titanium oxide under ultraviolet irradiation.
実施例２ 50gのアナターゼ型二酸化チタンを担持させた120gの
ポリビニルアルコールフィルムと薄赤色のプラム20個と
を、殺菌灯（照度3mW/cm2、主波長254nm）及び空気循環
用のファンを備えた密閉型の容器（内容積30cm×25cm×
37cm）を恒温室内に載置した。殺菌灯を点灯したのち、
10日間のプラムの外観の変化の観察を行なった。Example 2 120 g of polyvinyl alcohol film carrying 50 g of anatase type titanium dioxide and 20 light red plums were equipped with a germicidal lamp (illuminance: 3 mW / cm 2 , main wavelength: 254 nm) and a fan for air circulation. Closed container (Internal volume 30cm × 25cm ×
37 cm) was placed in a thermostatic chamber. After turning on the germicidal lamp,
Changes in the appearance of plums were observed for 10 days.
又、比較のために、アナターゼ型二酸化チタンを担持
させたポリビニルアルコールフィルムを置かないほかは
同様の試験を行なった。For comparison, the same test was conducted except that a polyvinyl alcohol film supporting anatase-type titanium dioxide was not placed.
二酸化チタンを担持させたポリビニルアルコールを置
かなかった場合は、プラムがすべて褐色に変色し、20個
のうち、15個は形状が崩れていた。これに対して、二酸
化チタンを担持させたポリビニルアルコールフィルムを
置き、殺菌灯を点灯した場合では、プラムの薄赤色が実
験開始時に比べてやや濃くなっているほかは、いずれの
プラムも形状に変化はなかった。When polyvinyl alcohol carrying titanium dioxide was not placed, all of the plums turned brown and 15 of the 20 plums lost their shape. In contrast, when a polyvinyl alcohol film carrying titanium dioxide was placed and the germicidal lamp was turned on, all the plums changed shape except that the light red color of the plum was slightly darker than at the start of the experiment. There was no.
以上の結果から、本発明の方法によるときは、園芸作
物の鮮度を長期間保持できることが分る。From the above results, it can be seen that the freshness of the horticultural crop can be maintained for a long time by the method of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−99835（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−39257（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−252244（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) A23B 7/015────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-99835 (JP, A) JP-A-55-39257 (JP, A) JP-A-1-252244 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) A23B 7/015
Claims (2)
有する半導体を担体に担持させて、これに園芸作物の雰
囲気気体を接触させることを特徴とする園芸作物の鮮度
保持方法。1. A method for preserving freshness of a horticultural crop, wherein a semiconductor having a band gap of 0.5 to 5 eV under ultraviolet irradiation is supported on a carrier, and an atmosphere gas of the horticultural crop is brought into contact with the semiconductor.
に担持させて、これに園芸作物の雰囲気気体との接触状
態において、紫外線を照射することを特徴とする園芸作
物の鮮度保持方法。2. A method for maintaining freshness of a horticultural crop, comprising: supporting a semiconductor having a band gap of 0.5 to 5 eV on a carrier, and irradiating the semiconductor with ultraviolet rays in a state of contact with the atmospheric gas of the horticultural crop. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19864888A JP2805149B2 (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | How to keep horticultural crops fresh |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19864888A JP2805149B2 (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | How to keep horticultural crops fresh |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15015397A Division JP2890356B2 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 1997-05-23 | How to keep horticultural crops fresh |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0249539A JPH0249539A (en) | 1990-02-19 |
| JP2805149B2 true JP2805149B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=16394709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19864888A Expired - Fee Related JP2805149B2 (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | How to keep horticultural crops fresh |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2805149B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5539257A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Removing method of malodor |
| JPS6199835A (en) * | 1984-10-22 | 1986-05-17 | Shimadzu Corp | Waveform correction device for vibration testing machine |
| JPH01252244A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | Freshness-keeping method, apparatus therefor and method for controlling growth of plant |
-
1988
- 1988-08-09 JP JP19864888A patent/JP2805149B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0249539A (en) | 1990-02-19 |
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