JP2811564B2 - Measuring device for soot particles in automobile exhaust gas - Google Patents
Measuring device for soot particles in automobile exhaust gasInfo
- Publication number
- JP2811564B2 JP2811564B2 JP2014259A JP1425990A JP2811564B2 JP 2811564 B2 JP2811564 B2 JP 2811564B2 JP 2014259 A JP2014259 A JP 2014259A JP 1425990 A JP1425990 A JP 1425990A JP 2811564 B2 JP2811564 B2 JP 2811564B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- solenoid valve
- pipe
- branch pipe
- dilution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、自動車から排出される排ガスに含まれる煤
粒子を測定する測定装置に係り、特にディーゼルエンジ
ンの排ガスを希釈トンネルに導いて、希釈された排ガス
中の煤粒子を測定する自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装置
に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a measuring device for measuring soot particles contained in exhaust gas emitted from an automobile, and in particular, to diluting exhaust gas from a diesel engine to a dilution tunnel to dilute the exhaust gas. The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas for measuring soot particles in exhaust gas.
ディーゼル車においては、ディーゼルエンジンからの
排ガス中に大気汚染源であるCO,HC,NOx等が含まれ、こ
の量が法的規制を受けている。また、排ガス中には、パ
ーティキュレート（煤粒子）も含まれており、この煤粒
子は一般に有機溶媒に不可溶な物質でSOF（Soluble Org
anic Fraction）と称される煤の前段階的物質である白
煙あるいは青煙と、有機溶媒に不可溶な物質でdry soot
と称される煤粒子とに分解されることが知られている。
この煤粒子も有害であることから法的規制の対象の一つ
とされている。In a diesel vehicle, the exhaust gas from a diesel engine contains CO, HC, NOx, etc., which are air pollution sources, and this amount is subject to legal regulations. The exhaust gas also contains particulates (soot particles), which are generally insoluble in organic solvents and are SOF (Soluble Org).
white smoke or blue smoke, which is a pre-stage substance of soot called anic fractionation, and a dry soot that is insoluble in organic solvents.
It is known to be decomposed into soot particles.
These soot particles are also one of the targets of legal regulations because they are harmful.
そこでこの煤粒子がディーゼルエンジンからの排ガス
中にどの程度含まれているかを測定する必要があり、近
時、この種の測定装置として、第２図に示す自動車排ガ
ス中の煤粒子測定装置が採用されている。Therefore, it is necessary to measure how much the soot particles are contained in the exhaust gas from the diesel engine. Recently, a soot particle measuring device for automobile exhaust gas shown in FIG. 2 has been adopted as this type of measuring device. Have been.
同図において、１はディーゼルエンジンであり、実際
に道路を走行しているのと同様に制御（シュミレート）
されたとき排出される高温排ガスが、主排気管２を介し
て外部に排出されるようになっている。そして、この主
排気管２には、後述の第2CO2分析計９と共に周知のガス
トレース法を構成する第1CH2あるいはNOx分析計３が取
り付けられており、高温排ガス中に含まれるCO2あるい
はNOxの濃度を直接的に測定可能となっている。また、
前記主排気管２の管路には、分流装置４が設けられてい
て、主排気管２から排ガスの一部を第１分岐管５に分流
させ、ミニトンネル６に供給するようになっている。In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a diesel engine, which is controlled (simulated) in the same manner as actually driving on a road.
The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged when the exhaust gas is discharged is discharged to the outside via the main exhaust pipe 2. And this is the main exhaust pipe 2 is attached is a 1CH 2 or NOx analyzer 3 which constitutes the known gas tracing method together with the 2CO 2 analyzer 9 which will be described later, CO 2 or contained in the hot exhaust gas NOx concentration can be measured directly. Also,
In the main exhaust pipe 2, a flow dividing device 4 is provided, and a part of the exhaust gas is diverted from the main exhaust pipe 2 to the first branch pipe 5 and supplied to the mini-tunnel 6. .
このミニトンネル６は、排ガスを希釈する希釈トンネ
ルであって、上流端6aの空気導入口にエアフイルタ７が
設けられる一方、下流端6bには後述するCVS装置10が接
続されていて、エアフイルタ７を介して外部から導入さ
れる常温空気により、前記排ガスが希釈および冷却され
る構成となっている。また、前記ミニトンネル６の上流
側6a側には、混合用のオリフイス８が設けられる一方、
下流端6b側には第2CO2あるいはNOx分析計９が取り付け
られており、空気と十分に混合された希釈排ガス中のCO
2あるいはNOxの濃度を測定するようになっている。The mini-tunnel 6 is a dilution tunnel for diluting exhaust gas, and an air filter 7 is provided at an air inlet at an upstream end 6a, while a CVS device 10 described later is connected to a downstream end 6b. The exhaust gas is diluted and cooled by room temperature air introduced from the outside via the outside. On the upstream side 6a side of the mini-tunnel 6, an orifice 8 for mixing is provided.
A second CO 2 or NOx analyzer 9 is attached to the downstream end 6b side, and the CO in the diluted exhaust gas sufficiently mixed with air is installed.
2 or NOx concentration is measured.
前記CVS装置10は、バッグサンプリング等を行うため
の定容量採取装置（Constant Volume Sa−mpler）であ
って、連続的な吸入・排気により常時一定量の希釈排ガ
スがミニトンネル６内を流れるようにしてある。そし
て、下流端6b側に接続された第２分岐管11を介し煤粒子
測定器12に希釈排ガスの一部が供給可能とされている。The CVS device 10 is a constant-volume sampling device (Constant Volume Sa-mpler) for performing bag sampling and the like, so that a constant amount of diluted exhaust gas always flows through the mini-tunnel 6 by continuous suction and exhaust. It is. Then, a part of the diluted exhaust gas can be supplied to the soot particle measuring device 12 through the second branch pipe 11 connected to the downstream end 6b side.
この煤粒子測定器12は、粒子捕集フイルタを備えたも
ので、第２分岐管11の管路に第１電磁弁13と共に介設さ
れており、この第１電磁弁13がON作動したとき、導入さ
れる希釈排ガスの一部に含まれる煤粒子を捕集するよう
になっている。なお、この煤粒子測定器12の下流側管路
には、試料採取用ポンプＰが設けられると共に、流量計
14が介設されている。これにより、煤粒子の測定時に前
記第１電磁弁13をON作動して開弁し、前記ポンプＰを起
動した時点で、煤粒子測定器12を通過する希釈排ガスを
所定流量に立ち上げて、予め設定された測定時間内の煤
粒子捕集を適正に行えるようになっている。This soot particle measuring device 12 is provided with a particle collecting filter, is interposed in the pipeline of the second branch pipe 11 together with the first solenoid valve 13, and when the first solenoid valve 13 is turned ON. In addition, soot particles contained in a part of the diluted exhaust gas to be introduced are collected. In addition, a sampling pump P is provided in a downstream pipe line of the soot particle measuring device 12, and a flow meter is provided.
14 are interposed. Thereby, at the time of measuring soot particles, the first electromagnetic valve 13 is turned ON to open the valve, and when the pump P is started, the diluted exhaust gas passing through the soot particle measuring device 12 is raised to a predetermined flow rate, The soot particles can be collected properly within a preset measurement time.
次に、上記従来の煤粒子測定装置により、ディーゼル
エンジンを定常モードとした場合の煤粒子測定について
説明する。Next, a description will be given of the measurement of soot particles when the diesel engine is set to the steady mode by the above-described conventional soot particle measurement device.
まず、エンジン１を始動して例えば1500rpmで定速回
転させて、1/4負荷にシュミレートし定常モードに設定
する。これに伴ってCVS装置10を作動させる。また、第
１電磁弁13をON作動して開弁するに伴って試料採取ポン
プＰを運転し、ミニトンネル６より希釈排ガスを吸引す
るようにしておく。この状態でエンジン１から排出され
る高温排ガスは、主排気管２を介して殆どが外部に排出
されるが、一部は第１分岐管５に導かれミニトンネル６
側に供給される。First, the engine 1 is started and rotated at a constant speed of, for example, 1500 rpm to simulate a 1/4 load and set to a steady mode. The CVS device 10 is operated accordingly. Further, the sampling pump P is operated as the first solenoid valve 13 is turned on by opening the first solenoid valve 13, and the diluted exhaust gas is sucked from the mini tunnel 6. In this state, most of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 1 is discharged to the outside through the main exhaust pipe 2, but a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas is guided to the first branch pipe 5 and the mini-tunnel 6 is discharged.
Supplied to the side.
このミニトンネル６には希釈用空気が導入されている
ので、希釈された排ガスはCVS装置10側から排出され
る。このとき、希釈排ガスの一部が第２分岐管11に導か
れ、煤粒子測定器12を通過して外部に排出される。これ
に伴って、希釈排ガス中の煤粒子が煤粒子測定器12の粒
子捕集フイルタにより捕集される。この捕集は予め設定
された測定時間に基づいて行われ、終了時間に達すると
第１電磁弁13がOFF作動して閉弁し、試料採取用ポンプ
Ｐが停止することにより、第２分岐管11に導入される希
釈排ガスが遮断される。Since dilution air is introduced into the mini-tunnel 6, the diluted exhaust gas is discharged from the CVS device 10 side. At this time, a part of the diluted exhaust gas is guided to the second branch pipe 11, passes through the soot particle measuring device 12, and is discharged to the outside. Along with this, the soot particles in the diluted exhaust gas are collected by the particle collecting filter of the soot particle measuring device 12. This collection is performed based on a preset measurement time. When the end time is reached, the first solenoid valve 13 is turned off and closed, and the sampling pump P is stopped, so that the second branch pipe is stopped. The diluted exhaust gas introduced into 11 is shut off.
そして、測定時間内に捕集された煤粒子がサンプリン
グされ、この煤粒子の重量および濃度が測定される。そ
して、この測定値と、前記第１分析計３、第２分析計９
での各検出値から求められた排ガスの希釈度とからエン
ジン１により排出された直後の煤粒子の重量および濃度
が求められる。Then, the soot particles collected within the measurement time are sampled, and the weight and the concentration of the soot particles are measured. Then, this measured value is compared with the first analyzer 3 and the second analyzer 9.
The weight and concentration of the soot particles immediately after being discharged by the engine 1 are obtained from the dilution degree of the exhaust gas obtained from each of the detected values in the above.
〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕 この種の測定装置は、大型のダイリューショントンネ
ルを要さず、簡便に煤粒子を測定できるものであるが、
常に測定誤差を生じるという不具合があった。すなわ
ち、ディーゼルエンジン１から排出される煤粒子の測定
に際しては、希釈排ガスを第２分岐管11に導いて煤粒子
測定器12を通過させた後、外部に排出するようになって
いる。従ってCVS装置10にて一定流量に調整されている
希釈排ガスは、測定毎に一部が放出されることとなり、
その希釈比が変化する。例えば、CVS装置10による設定
流量が3m3/minであるとき、煤粒子測定器12側に導かれ
る分流量を100/minに調整していると、希釈排ガスの
希釈比は3.3％程度変化するものであった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] This type of measurement device does not require a large-scale dilution tunnel and can easily measure soot particles.
There was a problem that a measurement error always occurred. That is, when measuring the soot particles discharged from the diesel engine 1, the diluted exhaust gas is guided to the second branch pipe 11, passed through the soot particle measuring device 12, and then discharged to the outside. Therefore, the diluted exhaust gas adjusted to a constant flow rate by the CVS device 10 will be partially released for each measurement,
The dilution ratio changes. For example, when the set flow rate by the CVS device 10 is 3 m 3 / min, if the partial flow rate guided to the soot particle measuring device 12 is adjusted to 100 / min, the dilution ratio of the diluted exhaust gas changes by about 3.3%. Was something.
このため、所定時間内に捕集され、サンプリングされ
た煤粒子の重量および濃度を測定した後、前述した如く
排ガス中の煤粒子を算出する場合、希釈比の変化分だけ
誤差が生じるので、煤粒子の測定値が不正確になるとい
う問題が残されていた。Therefore, when measuring the weight and concentration of soot particles collected and sampled within a predetermined time and then calculating the soot particles in the exhaust gas as described above, an error occurs due to the change in the dilution ratio. The problem of inaccurate particle measurements remains.
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたもので、簡単の
構成により、希釈トンネルを流れる希釈排ガスの希釈比
が煤粒子測定時に変化するのを防止して、自動車の排ガ
ス中に含まれる煤粒子の重量および濃度を高精度に測定
し得る自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装置を提供すること
を目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a simple configuration in which a dilution ratio of a diluted exhaust gas flowing through a dilution tunnel is prevented from changing at the time of measuring soot particles, and soot particles contained in exhaust gas of an automobile. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas, which can measure the weight and concentration of the soot with high accuracy.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、自動車排ガスの
排気管路に第１分析計を設けるとともに、前記排気管路
の前記第１分析計よりも下流に分流装置を設け、この分
流装置により分流された前記排ガスの一部を前記排気管
路に接続された第１分岐管を介して希釈トンネルに導
き、この希釈トンネルに導入される希釈用空気で希釈さ
れた希釈排ガスを吸引・排気する定容量採取装置を設け
て、希釈トンネル内の希釈排ガスの流量を一定に保ち、
さらにこの希釈排ガスの一部を分流させる第２分岐管を
希釈トンネルの下流端側に接続するとともに、この第２
分岐管に、前記希釈排ガスの一部が導かれて希釈排ガス
中に含まれる煤粒子を測定する煤粒子測定器、第１電磁
弁、試料採取用ポンプおよび流量計を上流側から順次設
ける一方、希釈トンネルの下流端側に第２分析計を設
け、前記第１分析計および第２分析計の各検出値から前
記排ガスの希釈度を求め、この希釈度と前記煤粒子測定
器での測定値とからエンジンにより排出された直後の排
ガス中に含まれる煤粒子を測定する自動車排ガス中の煤
粒子測定装置において、前記第２分岐管の前記流量計よ
りも下流側に第２電磁弁を設け、前記第２分岐管の前記
流量計および第２電磁弁間と希釈トンネルの下流端との
間にバイパス管を設け、このバイパス管に第３電磁弁を
設けるとともに、前記第２分岐管の前記試料採取用ポン
プおよび第１電磁弁間に空気導入管を接続し、さらにこ
の空気導入管の管口にエアフイルタを設けるとともに管
内に第４電磁弁を設けてなり、前記定容量採取装置を作
動させ、第２電磁弁および第４電磁弁をON作動して開弁
するとともに、第１電磁弁および第３電磁弁をOFF作動
して閉弁し、前記空気導入管と第２分岐管の管路とを連
通させた状態で、前記試料採取用ポンプを起動させ、エ
アフイルタから導入される空気を第２分岐管の前記流量
計を経て外部に排出させながら前記排ガスの一部を第１
分岐管を介して希釈トンネルに導く一方、煤粒子の測定
開始時には、第１電磁弁および第３電磁弁がON作動して
開弁するとともに、第２電磁弁および第４電磁弁がOFF
作動して閉弁し、前記試料採取用ポンプの起動下で前記
希釈トンネルから分流した希釈排ガスの一部が前記煤粒
子測定器、試料採取用ポンプ、流量計およびバイパス管
を経て、希釈トンネルの下流端に還流することを特徴と
している。In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a first analyzer in an exhaust line of automobile exhaust gas, and a diversion device provided downstream of the first analyzer in the exhaust line. A part of the discharged exhaust gas is led to a dilution tunnel through a first branch pipe connected to the exhaust pipe, and the diluted exhaust gas diluted with air for dilution introduced into the dilution tunnel is sucked and exhausted. Providing a capacity sampling device to keep the flow rate of the diluted exhaust gas in the dilution tunnel constant,
Further, a second branch pipe for diverting a part of the diluted exhaust gas is connected to the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel, and the second branch pipe is connected to the second branch pipe.
In the branch pipe, a part of the diluted exhaust gas is introduced, and a soot particle measuring device for measuring soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas, a first solenoid valve, a sampling pump and a flow meter are sequentially provided from the upstream side, A second analyzer is provided on the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel, and the degree of dilution of the exhaust gas is obtained from each detection value of the first analyzer and the second analyzer, and the degree of dilution and the value measured by the soot particle meter are measured. In a soot particle measurement device for automobile exhaust gas that measures soot particles contained in exhaust gas immediately after being exhausted by an engine, a second solenoid valve is provided downstream of the flow meter of the second branch pipe, A bypass pipe is provided between the flow meter and the second solenoid valve of the second branch pipe and the downstream end of the dilution tunnel, and a third solenoid valve is provided in the bypass pipe, and the sample of the second branch pipe is provided. Sampling pump and first solenoid valve An air filter is provided at the mouth of the air introduction pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided in the pipe. The constant volume sampling device is operated to operate the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve. Is turned on to open the valve, and the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are turned off to close the valve, so that the air introduction pipe and the second branch pipe communicate with each other. The collection pump is started, and a part of the exhaust gas is discharged to the first while discharging air introduced from the air filter through the flow meter of the second branch pipe to the outside.
On the other hand, when the measurement of soot particles is started, the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are turned on and opened, and the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are turned off.
Actuated and closed, a part of the diluted exhaust gas diverted from the dilution tunnel under the activation of the sampling pump was passed through the soot particle measuring device, the sampling pump, the flow meter and the bypass pipe, and the It is characterized by reflux to the downstream end.
上記構成により、煤粒子を測定するに際しては、自動
車のエンジンから排出される直後の排気管路の排ガス
が、第１分岐管を介し希釈トンネルに導かれる。そし
て、希釈用空気で希釈されるが、この希釈排ガスは定容
量採取装置によって流量が一定に保たれる。そして、こ
の希釈排ガスの一部が第２分岐管を介し煤粒子測定器に
導かれ、希釈排ガス中の煤粒子が捕集され、かつその重
量および濃度が測定される。このとき、煤粒子測定器を
通過する希釈排ガスは、第２分岐管からバイパス管を介
して前記希釈トンネルの下流側に還流されてゆく。よっ
て、煤粒子の測定時に希釈トンネルから分流されても再
び戻されるので、希釈トンネル内の希釈排ガスの流量や
希釈比に変化が生じない。With the above configuration, when measuring the soot particles, the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe immediately after being discharged from the engine of the automobile is guided to the dilution tunnel via the first branch pipe. Then, the diluted exhaust gas is diluted with the dilution air, and the flow rate of the diluted exhaust gas is kept constant by the constant volume sampling device. Then, a part of the diluted exhaust gas is guided to the soot particle measuring device via the second branch pipe, soot particles in the diluted exhaust gas are collected, and the weight and concentration thereof are measured. At this time, the diluted exhaust gas passing through the soot particle measuring device is returned from the second branch pipe to the downstream side of the dilution tunnel via the bypass pipe. Therefore, even when the soot particles are measured, they are returned again even if they are separated from the dilution tunnel, so that there is no change in the flow rate or dilution ratio of the diluted exhaust gas in the dilution tunnel.
一方、排気管路に第１分析計を設け、希釈トンネルの
下流端側に第２分析計を設け、第１分析計および第２分
析計の各検出値から排ガスの希釈度を求めることができ
る。On the other hand, a first analyzer is provided in the exhaust line, and a second analyzer is provided on the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel, and the dilution degree of the exhaust gas can be obtained from each detection value of the first analyzer and the second analyzer. .
したがって、この希釈度と前記煤粒子測定器での測定
値に基づき、エンジンから排出された直後の排ガスに含
まれる煤粒子の重量および濃度を誤差なく求めることが
できるものである。Therefore, the weight and concentration of the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas immediately after being discharged from the engine can be obtained without error based on the dilution degree and the value measured by the soot particle measuring device.
また、希釈排ガスに含まれる煤粒子の捕集は４つの電
磁弁の切換時に開始されるが、この切換前に既に試料採
取用ポンプを起動させているので、試料採取用ポンプを
起動させてから希釈排ガスを導入する場合に生じるよう
な応答遅れによる流量変化の問題は生じない。Also, the collection of soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas is started when the four solenoid valves are switched, but since the sampling pump has already been started before this switching, the sampling pump is started. There is no problem of a change in flow rate due to a response delay that occurs when introducing diluted exhaust gas.
以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明に係る自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装
置の全体構成図である。なお、第１図において、第２図
に対応する同一部分には同一符号を付して重複説明を省
略する。FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an apparatus for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same portions as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
この自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装置は、第１図に示
すように、第２分岐管11にバイパス管15を接続しミニト
ンネル６から分流された希釈排ガスの一部をミニトンネ
ル６に還流させる構成となっている。As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas connects a bypass pipe 15 to a second branch pipe 11 and recirculates a part of the diluted exhaust gas diverted from the mini tunnel 6 to the mini tunnel 6. It has a configuration.
すなわち、煤粒子測定器12を設けた第２分岐管11の管
端側にバイパス管15を分岐接続し、このバイパス管15の
管端を前記ミニトンネル６の下流端6bに接続している。
そして、第２分岐管11の管路に第２電磁弁16を設けると
共に、バイパス管15の管路には第３電磁弁17を介設して
いる。That is, the bypass pipe 15 is branched and connected to the pipe end side of the second branch pipe 11 provided with the soot particle measuring device 12, and the pipe end of the bypass pipe 15 is connected to the downstream end 6 b of the mini-tunnel 6.
A second solenoid valve 16 is provided in the pipe of the second branch pipe 11, and a third solenoid valve 17 is provided in the pipe of the bypass pipe 15.
なお、本例においては、第２分岐管11に空気導入管18
を接続して、大気を導入するようになっており、この空
気導入管18の管口にエアフイルタ19を設けると共に、管
路には、圧力調整用のニードル弁20および第４電磁弁21
が設けられている。In this example, the air introduction pipe 18 is connected to the second branch pipe 11.
And an air filter 19 is provided at the mouth of the air introduction pipe 18, and a needle valve 20 for pressure adjustment and a fourth solenoid valve 21 are provided in the pipeline.
Is provided.
しかして、煤粒子の測定開始時には、第１電磁弁13お
よび第３電磁弁17がON作動して開弁し、第２電磁弁16お
よび第４電磁弁21がOFF作動して閉弁する一方、測定終
了時には第１電磁弁13および第３電磁弁17がOFF作動し
て閉弁し、第２電磁弁16および第４電磁弁21がON作動し
て開弁するようになっている。When the measurement of soot particles is started, the first solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 17 are turned on to open, and the second solenoid valve 16 and the fourth solenoid valve 21 are turned off and closed. At the end of the measurement, the first solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 17 are turned off and closed, and the second solenoid valve 16 and the fourth solenoid valve 21 are turned on and opened.
次に、上記煤粒子測定装置により、ディーゼルエンジ
ンを定常モードにした場合の煤粒子測定について説明す
る。Next, the measurement of soot particles when the diesel engine is set to the steady mode by the above-described soot particle measurement device will be described.
まず、エンジン１を始動し1500rpmで定速回転させ
て、1/4負荷にシュミレートし、定常モードに設定す
る。このとき、第１分岐計３によりエンジン１から排出
された直後の高温排ガスに含まれるCO2あるいはNOxが測
定される。First, the engine 1 is started and rotated at a constant speed of 1500 rpm to simulate a 1/4 load and set to a steady mode. At this time, CO 2 or NOx contained in the high-temperature exhaust gas immediately after being discharged from the engine 1 is measured by the first branch meter 3.
つぎに、CVS装置10を作動させる。続いて、第２電磁
弁16および第４電磁弁21をON作動して開弁する一方、第
１電磁弁13および第３電磁弁17をOFF作動して閉弁す
る。これに伴って試料採取ポンプＰを起動し、エアフイ
ルタ19から導入される空気をニードル弁20を介し所定圧
に調圧した後、流量計14を経て外部に排出させる。この
状態においてエンジン１からの高温排ガスは、殆どが外
部に排出されるが、分流装置４により分流された一部が
ミニトンネル６に導かれる。そしてこのミニトンネル６
内において希釈用空気に混合されると、この希釈排ガス
は下流端6bからCVS装置10を経て外部に排出される。こ
のとき、第２分析計９により希釈排ガス中のCO2あるい
はNOx濃度が測定される。Next, the CVS device 10 is operated. Subsequently, the second solenoid valve 16 and the fourth solenoid valve 21 are turned on to open, while the first solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 17 are turned off and closed. Along with this, the sampling pump P is started, the air introduced from the air filter 19 is adjusted to a predetermined pressure through the needle valve 20, and then discharged outside through the flow meter 14. In this state, most of the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine 1 is discharged to the outside, but a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas divided by the flow dividing device 4 is guided to the mini-tunnel 6. And this mini tunnel 6
When mixed with the dilution air inside, the diluted exhaust gas is discharged from the downstream end 6b to the outside via the CVS device 10. At this time, the CO 2 or NOx concentration in the diluted exhaust gas is measured by the second analyzer 9.
この後、測定開始時間になると、第１電磁弁13および
第３電磁弁17がON作動して開弁する一方、第２電磁弁16
および第４電磁弁21がOFF作動して閉弁する。これによ
り、第１分岐管５とバイパス管15とが連通し、空気導入
管18および第２分岐管11の管端側は遮断される。する
と、試料採取用ポンプＰの吸引により希釈排ガスの一部
が第２分岐管11に導かれ、煤粒子測定器12、流量計14お
よびバイパス管15を経て、ミニトンネル６の下流端６側
に還流する。そして、この希釈排ガスが煤粒子測定器12
を通過するとき、希釈排ガスに含まれる煤粒子が粒子捕
集フイルタにて捕集される。Thereafter, when the measurement start time comes, the first solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 17 are turned on and opened, while the second solenoid valve 16 is opened.
And the fourth solenoid valve 21 is turned off and closed. Thereby, the first branch pipe 5 and the bypass pipe 15 communicate with each other, and the air introduction pipe 18 and the pipe end side of the second branch pipe 11 are shut off. Then, a part of the diluted exhaust gas is guided to the second branch pipe 11 by suction of the sampling pump P, passes through the soot particle measuring device 12, the flow meter 14, and the bypass pipe 15 to the downstream end 6 side of the mini tunnel 6. Reflux. The diluted exhaust gas is used as a soot particle
, The soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas are collected by the particle collection filter.
この捕集は予め設定された測定時間、つまり前記電磁
弁13,16,17,21の切換時に開始されるが、試料採取用ポ
ンプＰが常時運転している状態において、第２分岐管11
がミニトンネル６に連通した時点で開始される。よっ
て、試料採取用ポンプＰを起動させてから希釈排ガスを
導入する場合に生じるような応答遅れによる流量変化の
問題は生じない。This collection is started for a preset measurement time, that is, when the electromagnetic valves 13, 16, 17, 21 are switched. However, when the sampling pump P is constantly operating, the second branch pipe 11
Is started when the communication with the mini tunnel 6 occurs. Therefore, there is no problem of a flow rate change due to a response delay which occurs when the diluted exhaust gas is introduced after the sampling pump P is started.
この後、予め設定された測定終了時間に達すると、第
１電磁弁13および第３電磁弁17が、OFF作動して閉弁す
る一方、第２電磁弁16および第４電磁弁21が開弁する同
時切り換えが行われる。これにより、第２分岐管11から
バイパス管15を介してミニトンネル６に還流していた希
釈排ガスの流通が遮断される。これに伴って前記空気導
入管18と第２分岐管11の管路とが連通するので、吸入さ
れる空気が外部に排出されることとなり、次の測定に際
しての待機状態に保たれる。Thereafter, when a preset measurement end time is reached, the first solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 17 are turned off and closed, while the second solenoid valve 16 and the fourth solenoid valve 21 are opened. Simultaneous switching is performed. As a result, the flow of the diluted exhaust gas flowing from the second branch pipe 11 to the mini tunnel 6 via the bypass pipe 15 is cut off. Accordingly, the air introduction pipe 18 and the pipe of the second branch pipe 11 communicate with each other, so that the sucked air is discharged to the outside, and the standby state for the next measurement is maintained.
ところで、上記のように煤粒子測定器12によって捕集
された煤粒子は、所定の測定時間分がサンプリングされ
て、その重量と濃度とが測定される。そして、この測定
値からエンジン１より排出される高温排ガス中の煤粒子
が正確に求められる。Meanwhile, the soot particles collected by the soot particle measuring device 12 as described above are sampled for a predetermined measurement time, and the weight and the concentration are measured. Then, the soot particles in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 1 are accurately obtained from the measured values.
すなわち、第１分析計３および第２分析計９で求めら
れたCO2あるいはNOxの各検出値から排ガスの希釈度が求
められ、これと前記煤粒子測定器12での測定値とから主
排気管２を流れる排ガス中の煤粒子が適正に求められ
る。またこの際、第２分岐管11に導かれた希釈排ガスは
外部に排出されず、ミニトンネル６内に戻されているの
で、希釈排ガスの希釈比に変化が生じないから、測定誤
差の問題は殆どなくなるものである。That is, the degree of dilution of the exhaust gas is obtained from each of the detected values of CO 2 or NOx obtained by the first analyzer 3 and the second analyzer 9, and the main exhaust gas is measured from this and the value measured by the soot particle measuring device 12. Soot particles in the exhaust gas flowing through the pipe 2 are properly determined. At this time, since the diluted exhaust gas guided to the second branch pipe 11 is not discharged to the outside but is returned to the mini-tunnel 6, there is no change in the dilution ratio of the diluted exhaust gas. It is almost gone.
なお、上記煤粒子の測定は、ディーゼルエンジン１か
らの排ガスを測定する場合について説明したが、ディー
ゼル車に限らずガソリン車、例えば自動２輪車を含む各
種自動車からの排ガス中の煤粒子を測定する場合も同様
である。The measurement of soot particles has been described for the case of measuring exhaust gas from the diesel engine 1. However, the measurement of soot particles in exhaust gas from not only diesel vehicles but also gasoline vehicles, for example, various vehicles including motorcycles, is performed. The same applies to the case where
以上説明したように本発明に係る自動車排ガス中の煤
粒子測定装置によれば、エンジンから排出された排気管
路の排ガスを分流装置により分流し、分流された前記排
ガスの一部を希釈トンネル内で希釈用空気により希釈
し、その希釈排ガスの一部を希釈トンネルから第２分岐
管を介して煤粒子測定器に導き、希釈排ガス中に含まれ
る煤粒子を測定するとともに、煤粒子測定器を通過する
前記希釈排ガスの一部をバイパス管を介して、希釈トン
ネルの下流端に還流させるようになっている。従って、
簡単な構成により希釈トンネル内を流れる希釈排ガスの
希釈比が煤粒子測定時においても変動しないから煤粒子
の重量および濃度が正確に測定される。そして、本発明
では、排気管路に第１分析計を設け、希釈トンネルの下
流端側に第２分析計を設け、第１分析計および第２分析
計の各検出値から求められた前記排ガスの希釈度と煤粒
子測定器での測定値に基づき煤粒子の重量および濃度を
求めているので、エンジンから排出された直後の排気管
路を流れる排ガス中に含まれる煤粒子を誤差なく高精度
に測定することができる。As described above, according to the apparatus for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas according to the present invention, the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe discharged from the engine is divided by the flow dividing device, and a part of the divided exhaust gas is supplied to the inside of the dilution tunnel. Diluted with the dilution air in, and a part of the diluted exhaust gas is led from the dilution tunnel to the soot particle measuring device via the second branch pipe, and the soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas are measured. A part of the diluted exhaust gas passing therethrough is returned to the downstream end of the dilution tunnel via a bypass pipe. Therefore,
With a simple configuration, the dilution ratio of the diluted exhaust gas flowing in the dilution tunnel does not fluctuate even when measuring the soot particles, so that the weight and concentration of the soot particles can be accurately measured. In the present invention, a first analyzer is provided in the exhaust pipe, a second analyzer is provided on the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel, and the exhaust gas obtained from each detection value of the first analyzer and the second analyzer is provided. The weight and concentration of the soot particles are determined based on the dilution degree of the soot and the values measured by the soot particle measuring device, so that the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe immediately after being discharged from the engine can be determined with high accuracy. Can be measured.
また、本発明では、希釈排ガスに含まれる煤粒子の捕
集は４つの電磁弁の切換時に開始されるが、この切換時
に既に試料採取用ポンプを起動させているので、試料採
取ポンプを起動させてから希釈排ガスを導入する場合に
生じるような応答遅れによる流量変化の問題は生じな
い。In the present invention, the collection of soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas is started when the four solenoid valves are switched. Since the sampling pump has already been started at the time of the switching, the sampling pump is started. The problem of a change in flow rate due to a response delay that occurs when introducing diluted exhaust gas afterwards is not caused.
第１図は本発明に係る自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装置
を示す全体構成図、第２図は従来例の全体構成図であ
る。 １……ディーゼルエンジン、２……主排気管（排気管
路）、３……第１分析計、４……分流装置、５……第１
分岐管、６……希釈トンネル（ミニトンネル）、6b……
希釈トンネルの下流端、９……第２分析計、10……定容
量採取装置（CVS装置）、11……第２分岐管、12……煤
粒子測定器、13……第１電磁弁、14……流量計、15……
バイパス管、16……第２電磁弁、17……第３電磁弁、18
……空気導入管、19……エアフイルタ、21……第４電磁
弁、Ｐ……試料採取用ポンプ。FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an apparatus for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional example. 1 ... Diesel engine, 2 ... Main exhaust pipe (exhaust pipe), 3 ... First analyzer, 4 ... Diversion device, 5 ... First
Branch pipe, 6 ... Dilution tunnel (mini tunnel), 6b ...
Downstream end of dilution tunnel, 9 second analyzer, 10 constant volume sampling device (CVS device), 11 second branch pipe, 12 soot particle analyzer, 13 first solenoid valve, 14 …… Flow meter, 15 ……
Bypass pipe, 16 second solenoid valve, 17 third solenoid valve, 18
... air introduction pipe, 19 ... air filter, 21 ... fourth solenoid valve, P ... pump for sampling.
Claims (1)
けるとともに、前記排気管路の前記第１分析計よりも下
流に分流装置を設け、この分流装置により分流された前
記排ガスの一部を前記排気管路に接続された第１分岐管
を介して希釈トンネルに導き、この希釈トンネルに導入
される希釈用空気で希釈された希釈排ガスを吸引・排気
する定容量採取装置を設けて、希釈トンネル内の希釈排
ガスの流量を一定に保ち、さらにこの希釈排ガスの一部
を分流させる第２分岐管を希釈トンネルの下流端側に接
続するとともに、この第２分岐管に、前記希釈排ガスの
一部が導かれて希釈排ガス中に含まれる煤粒子を測定す
る煤粒子測定器、第１電磁弁、試料採取用ポンプおよび
流量計を上流側から順次設ける一方、希釈トンネルの下
流端側に第２分析計を設け、前記第１分析計および第２
分析計の各検出値から前記排ガスの希釈度を求め、この
希釈度と前記煤粒子測定器での測定値とからエンジンに
より排出された直後の排ガス中に含まれる煤粒子を測定
する自動車排ガス中の煤粒子測定装置において、前記第
２分岐管の前記流量計よりも下流側に第２電磁弁を設
け、前記第２分岐管の前記流量計および第２電磁弁間と
希釈トンネルの下流端との間にバイパス管を設け、この
バイパス管に第３電磁弁を設けるとともに、前記第２分
岐管の前記試料採取用ポンプおよび第１電磁弁間に空気
導入管を接続し、さらにこの空気導入管の管口にエアフ
イルタを設けるとともに管内に第４電磁弁を設けてな
り、前記定容量採取装置を作動させ、第２電磁弁および
第４電磁弁をON作動して開弁するとともに、第１電磁弁
および第３電磁弁をOFF作動して閉弁し、前記空気導入
管と第２分岐管の管路とを連通させた状態で、前記試料
採取用ポンプを起動させ、エアフイルタから導入される
空気を第２分岐管の前記流量計を経て外部に排出させな
がら前記排ガスの一部を第１分岐管を介して希釈トンネ
ルに導く一方、煤粒子の測定開始時には、第１電磁弁お
よび第３電磁弁がON作動して開弁するとともに、第２電
磁弁および第４電磁弁がOFF作動して閉弁し、前記試料
採取用ポンプの起動下で前記希釈トンネルから分流した
希釈排ガスの一部が前記煤粒子測定器、試料採取用ポン
プ、流量計およびバイパス管を経て、希釈トンネルの下
流端に還流することを特徴とする自動車排ガス中の煤粒
子測定装置。A first analyzer is provided in an exhaust line of automobile exhaust gas, and a flow dividing device is provided in the exhaust line downstream of the first analyzer. A constant-volume sampling device for guiding the section to a dilution tunnel through a first branch pipe connected to the exhaust pipe, and sucking and exhausting diluted exhaust gas diluted with dilution air introduced into the dilution tunnel. A second branch pipe for keeping a flow rate of the diluted exhaust gas in the dilution tunnel constant and further diverting a part of the diluted exhaust gas is connected to the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel, and the diluted exhaust gas is connected to the second branch pipe. A soot particle measuring device for measuring the soot particles contained in the diluted exhaust gas, a part of which is introduced, a first solenoid valve, a sampling pump and a flow meter are sequentially provided from the upstream side, and at the downstream end side of the dilution tunnel. Second analysis The provided, the first analyzer and the second
The degree of dilution of the exhaust gas is determined from each detection value of the analyzer, and the dilution degree and the value measured by the soot particle measuring device are used to measure the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas immediately after being exhausted by the engine. In the soot particle measuring device, a second solenoid valve is provided on the second branch pipe downstream of the flow meter, and the second branch pipe is provided between the flow meter and the second solenoid valve and the downstream end of the dilution tunnel. A third solenoid valve is provided in the bypass pipe, and an air introduction pipe is connected between the sampling pump and the first solenoid valve of the second branch pipe. An air filter is provided at the pipe opening of the pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided in the pipe. The constant volume sampling device is operated, the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are turned on to open, and the first solenoid valve is opened. Turn off the valve and the 3rd solenoid valve In the state where the valve is moved and the valve is closed, and the air introduction pipe and the pipe of the second branch pipe are communicated with each other, the sampling pump is started, and the air introduced from the air filter is flowed through the second branch pipe at the flow rate. While a part of the exhaust gas is guided to the dilution tunnel through the first branch pipe while being discharged to the outside through the meter, when the measurement of soot particles is started, the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are turned ON to open. At the same time, the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are turned off and closed, and a part of the diluted exhaust gas diverted from the dilution tunnel under the activation of the sampling pump is used for the soot particle measuring device and the sampling. A device for measuring soot particles in automobile exhaust gas, wherein the gas is returned to a downstream end of a dilution tunnel through a pump for use, a flow meter, and a bypass pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014259A JP2811564B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Measuring device for soot particles in automobile exhaust gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014259A JP2811564B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Measuring device for soot particles in automobile exhaust gas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03218436A JPH03218436A (en) | 1991-09-26 |
| JP2811564B2 true JP2811564B2 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
Family
ID=11856095
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014259A Expired - Fee Related JP2811564B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Measuring device for soot particles in automobile exhaust gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4404947A1 (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-24 | Pierburg Gmbh | Measuring system for internal combustion engine exhaust particles (soot) |
| JP3285313B2 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2002-05-27 | 日野自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas measurement device |
| JP5492001B2 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2014-05-14 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | Exhaust gas analysis system |
| JP5912981B2 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2016-04-27 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | Exhaust gas dilution device and PM measurement system |
| DE102020102120A1 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-20 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Method for controlling a sensor device |
| KR102198319B1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-01-05 | 국방과학연구소 | A Movable Evaluation Device of Outdoor Aerosols |
| CN119269136B (en) * | 2024-12-06 | 2025-02-25 | 中汽研华诚认证(天津)有限公司 | Method for testing pollution purification capability in whole vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS56102448U (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-08-11 |
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| JPH03218436A (en) | 1991-09-26 |
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