JP2815212B2 - Manufacturing method of healthy seedling cultivation material - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention mainly relates to a material for growing healthy seedlings produced from wood vinegar obtained by a charcoal kiln method and a method for producing the same. A seedling cultivation material for promoting the germination, rooting, and growth of useful plants, or for promoting the appearance and the activation of substrates such as leaves by direct spraying on the leaves of plants. It relates to a manufacturing method.

[Prior art] The usefulness of wood vinegar obtained by cooling flue gas at the time of charcoal generation has been handed down for many years, and various technologies using this wood vinegar have been developed and studied in recent years. . And, in the agricultural field where the deterioration of soil due to chemical fertilizers becomes a problem, a material containing wood vinegar as a main component has been proposed as a plant growth promotion or growth preservation material.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-102165 discloses a germination and root-promoting agent for useful plants containing wood vinegar as an active ingredient, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-9030 discloses a cool damage inhibitor for rice using wood vinegar as an active ingredient. However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-87710 discloses a rice seedling deterioration inhibitor containing wood vinegar as an active ingredient.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned conventional technology has the following problems.

In other words, when using normal wood vinegar as it is,
In some cases, the growth of the plants is hindered by removing a few plants.

Therefore, the present inventor considered that there are some components of the wood vinegar that promote the growth of plants and those that inhibit the growth, and conducted the following experiment.

First, the wood vinegar was separated into the following five groups according to the 5-fractionation method at the Forestry Research Institute, Forestry Agency.

(1) Base component methylamine, dimethylamine, pyridine (2) Phenol group component 2-methoxy-4-cresol, O-, MP-cresol, 2,4-3, 5-xylenol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-propyl phenol, 4-vinyl phenol, guaiacol cresol, 4-vinyl guaiacol, 4-propyl guaiacol, syringol, methyl syringol, ethyl syringol, catechol, (3) carbonyl group component formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, furfural, methyl Furfural, 5-hydroquinmethylfurfural. (4) Neutral components Methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, alkyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, xylol, cumol, thymol. (5) Acid component acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, crotonic acid, formic acid, isocaproic acid, caproic acid, tiglic acid, enanthic acid. The effects of the liquids separated into the five groups as described above were determined for eight kinds of vegetables: bekana, lettuce, shungiku, cucumber, green onion, tomato, honeywort, and eggplant.

Table 1 shows the test results for bekana, lettuce, shungiku, and cucumber, and Table 2 shows the test results for leek, tomato, honeywort, and eggplant. As a test method, a germination test using a 0.1% solution of each component in a urethane bed for hydroponics and a germination test by a laboratory experiment using a petri dish were conducted.

As is clear from the results of the above experiment, in both Tables 1 and 2, there is a remarkable difference between the standard section and the other sections.
In particular, in the case of the carbonyl group classification, the germination results were extremely poor in any of the vegetables, which proved to be a factor for inhibiting germination. For other categories, it is difficult to make a quick judgement, but generally the acidic components show good results.

For this reason, experiments as shown in the following Tables 3 and 4 were further performed. This experiment was carried out in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask filled with a 0.1% culture solution of each component.

From these results, there was no decisive difference as to which component except for the carbonyl group was effective for plants, but it was possible to judge that the effect of the acidic component was generally good as in the test described above. .

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. A process of carbonizing wood to generate a carbonized gas; (C) collecting the carbonized gas at 90 ° C. to 150 ° C. from the carbonized gas generated and cooling and liquefying it to obtain a crude wood vinegar solution; A step of purifying the crude wood vinegar solution by passing it through a filtration layer of zeolite, charcoal or the like; The wood vinegar solution obtained in the step (c) is oxidized in an oxidation polymerization tank, and wood tar, unsaturated impurities and the like contained in the wood vinegar solution are oxidatively polymerized and solidified, separated and purified wood vinegar solution as a main component. The carbonyl group component, wood tar, and methyl alcohol are removed from the healthy seedling growing material obtained by the step of obtaining a healthy seedling growing material, i.e., crude wood vinegar obtained from carbonized gas generated when carbonizing woody material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a healthy seedling cultivation material containing purified wood vinegar as a main component and to provide a safe and effective means for promoting the growth of plants, especially useful plants.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In this embodiment, the wood vinegar is produced in a charcoal production process, that is, in a charcoal kiln system, but is not limited to this. However, in view of cost and other points, it can be said that obtaining wood vinegar during charcoal production is the best means.

a. First, it is desirable to use broadleaf trees such as beech, oak, oak, oak, shirakaba and mountain cherry blossoms in selecting raw wood. In the case of conifers, the oil and fat content is high in the wood vinegar solution and adheres to hair roots and the like in the soil, and thus is not suitable as a healthy seedling growing material.

b. Carbonize the selected log in a charcoal kiln.

c. Install a thermometer near the smoke outlet of the charcoal kiln to collect smoke at 90-150 ° C. This is to prevent the incorporation of a carbonyl compound having a low boiling point below 90 ° C. or a generally harmful methyl alcohol. If the temperature is higher than 150 ° C., wood tar which inhibits the function as a healthy seedling growing material is mixed.

To collect smoke, measure the temperature at the smoke outlet, for example, if the smoke temperature is 90
When the temperature reaches ℃, a hood with a smoke exhaust duct is installed in the smoke exhaust port, and the smoke is guided to the duct and liquefied by natural cooling to obtain a crude wood vinegar solution. In addition, it is desirable to install a thermometer as described above for measuring the temperature of flue gas, but judging from the state of smoke, it is easy to know that the smoke has become 90 ° C to 150 ° C as a rule of thumb, The collection of smoke exhaust may be performed by such a rule of thumb.

d. The crude wood vinegar solution obtained above is passed through a filtration layer of charcoal, zeolite or the like to remove impurities and obtain a first purified wood vinegar solution.

e. Put the crude wood vinegar solution obtained in the above step into the oxidation polymerization tank,
It is oxidized by blowing air for 6 months. In this step, wood tar and unsaturated impurities in the solution are precipitated as a tar-based chemically stable substance by oxidative polymerization.

f. The solution from which the precipitate was removed in step e.
Impurities generated during oxidative polymerization are completely removed by passing through a filtration tank of zeolite or the like to obtain a second purified wood vinegar solution.

The results of a component analysis of the final purified wood vinegar by the Forestry Research Institute, Forestry Agency are as follows.

Phenolic component (9.86% of total) 2-methoxy-4-7-cresol P-, M-cresol, unknown substance Carbonyl component (1.98% of total) Furfural Neutral component (2.56% of total) Cyclothene, acetone Acidic component Acetic acid, propionic acid, pteric acid, crotonic acid, 2-pentenoic acid As can be seen from the results of the analysis, a small amount of furfural, a carbonyl component, remains in the final purified wood vinegar solution. Attempting to completely remove it not only increases the cost but also removes other active ingredients in the solution.

However, it was found from the following experiment that such a residual amount of furfural did not become a hindrance to the growth of plants.

In the experiments in Table 5 below, each vegetable was sowed using a urethane mat for raising seedlings, and 20 plants were sown, and the germination status was examined.

As a conclusion of the above germination test, cucumber, Chinese cabbage,
With respect to Komatsuna and cabbage, overwhelmingly good results are observed when the material for growing healthy seedlings (purified wood vinegar) according to the present invention is used. Other Kokabu, eggplant, and shungiku are judged to have no advantage.

Table 6 below shows the results of a growth test using the purified wood vinegar solution according to the present invention.

In this test, refined wood vinegar adsorbed on pulverized coal was used by irrigating the soil and the application rate was 0.1% liquid equivalent.

From the results of the test, it is clear that the effects of cucumber, melon, tomato, and the like are exhibited.

Table 7 below shows the results of the tomato yield test.

The study shows a 23.4% increase in revenue.

In the above embodiment, the material for cultivating healthy seedlings according to the present invention was mainly used by irrigating the soil, but it is needless to say that the material may be directly sprayed on cultivated plants.

By direct application, the leaf surface of the plant, in particular, has a growing effect of increasing the color and luster and obtaining a satisfactory appearance as a whole.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention can expect healthy growth of plants even when irrigated into the soil or directly sprayed on the plants themselves. Provided is a seedling cultivation material having extremely excellent effects on germination, rooting and growth promotion of agricultural plants without contamination.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (1) a. A process of carbonizing wood to generate a carbonized gas; (C) collecting the carbonized gas at 90 ° C. to 150 ° C. from the carbonized gas generated and cooling and liquefying it to obtain a crude wood vinegar solution; A step of purifying the crude wood vinegar solution by passing it through a filtration layer of zeolite, charcoal or the like; The wood vinegar solution obtained in the step (c) is oxidized in an oxidation polymerization tank, and wood tar, unsaturated impurities and the like contained in the wood vinegar solution are oxidatively polymerized and solidified, separated and purified wood vinegar solution as a main component. A method for producing a healthy seedling cultivation material comprising the above steps.