JP2829140B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavator suitable for excavating a tunnel having a long distance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When excavating a tunnel having a long distance, a pier is usually dug every 1 km or 2 km, and a shield excavator is put into the ground for each pier, and one shield excavator is used. It excavates a short distance from a pit to an adjacent pit.

However, when excavating a submarine tunnel or the like, it is necessary to excavate only from both ends because a stand cannot be provided on the way, so that the distance excavated by one shield excavator becomes very long.

A bit is protruded from the rotary cutter rotating in front of the shield machine as a blade for excavating earth and sand. However, if the bit is worn over a long distance, the bit is worn. There is a need to.

Conventionally, when exchanging bits during excavation, a frozen agent is injected into a face with a chemical injection tube to freeze the face, and then the front face of the rotary cutter is dug by hand and dug in front of the rotary cutter. A person was out and changing bits.

[0006]

However, when a face is frozen and a bit is replaced as in the prior art, it takes about three months to freeze the face, so that there is a disadvantage that the work period is wasted. Was.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine in which the above disadvantages are improved and the bits can be easily replaced in a short time.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a shield excavator comprising: a rotary cutter rotating on the front surface of a drilling cylinder; spokes radially provided on the rotary cutter; and a spoke protruding from the front surface of the rotary cutter. A bit detachably mounted, a hole drilled along the back surface of the spoke, a lid removably mounted on the back surface of the hole, and a fixed bulkhead fixed to the excavation barrel behind the rotary cutter. ,
A cutter moving jack for moving the rotary cutter back and forth, a hole drilled in the fixed bulkhead corresponding to the position of the spoke, and a lid detachably attached to the back of the hole. A rotating cutter that rotates on the front surface of the excavating cylinder, a spoke radially provided on the rotating cutter, a bit protruding from the front surface of the rotating cutter and detachably attached to the spoke, A hole drilled along the back surface, a lid removably attached to the back surface of the hole, a fixed bulkhead fixed to the excavation barrel behind the rotary cutter, and a front surface of the fixed bulkhead and a front surface of the cutter. A movable bulkhead movable back and forth between the rear surface, a bulkhead moving jack for moving the movable bulkhead back and forth, and a position corresponding to the position of the spoke. Is characterized in that it comprises a hole bored in the movable bulkhead, a lid removably attached to the back of the hole, the Te.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotary cutter is retracted to just before the fixed bulkhead, the cover of the hole of the fixed bulkhead and the cover of the spoke hole of the rotary cutter are removed, and a hand is passed through each hole. Can be replaced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the rotary cutter is rotated at a fixed position, and the earth and sand between the rotary cutter and the movable bulkhead is discharged by circulating water, and the movable bulkhead is pressed against the back of the rotary cutter. A person enters the space between the fixed bulkhead and the movable bulkhead, removes the lid of the hole of the movable bulkhead and the lid of the spoke hole of the rotating cutter,
Bits can be exchanged by passing through each hole.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotary cutter 2 is provided on a front surface of a drilling cylinder 1, and earth and sand are excavated on a front surface of the rotary cutter 2. A number of bits 3 are protruded as cutting blades. A fixed bulkhead 4 is fixed inside the excavation barrel 1 behind the rotary cutter 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a digging jack, 6 denotes a mud pipe, and a plurality of cutter moving jacks 7 (only one is shown in FIG. 1) are mounted on the back of the fixed bulkhead 4. The rotary cutter 2 is moved between the position shown in FIG.
Can be moved.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the rotary cutter 2 as viewed from the II direction in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of the fixed bulkhead 4 as viewed from the III direction in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line IV. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a cutter slit 10 is provided between both sides of the spoke 8 and the face plate 9 of the rotary cutter 2. The aforementioned bit 3 is detachably mounted by screws. When the rotary cutter 2 rotates and the bit 3 excavates the face soil,
The earth and sand excavated by the bit 3 is the cutter slit 10
Through the rotary cutter 2.

A hole 11 is formed along the back surface of the spoke 8 provided radially on the rotary cutter 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, a lid 12 is detachably attached to the back surface of the hole 1 by screws 13 so as to cover the back surface of the hole 11.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed bulkhead 4 is provided with holes 14 of the same radiation angle and substantially the same length, corresponding to the spokes 8 of the rotary cutter 2 shown in FIG. . In the hole 14, as shown in FIG.
5 is attached, and a lid 16 is detachably attached to the back of the hole 14 by a screw 17. Although not shown, the fixed bulkhead 4 has
There are manholes for people to enter and exit for inspection and repair.

In the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rotary cutter 2 is rotated while excavation is stopped, so that the rotary cutter 2 and the fixed bulkhead 4 are connected to each other. The sediment in between is discharged to the rear of the fixed bulkhead 4. In this case, if you are excavating with an earth pressure shield,
The mud is diluted and added from the liquid supply pipe 6 ′, discharged from the drain pipe 6, circulates water, discharges sediment, and excavates with the mud pressurizing shield. Discharge earth and sand.

After the earth and sand between the rotary cutter 2 and the fixed bulkhead 4 is discharged to the rear of the fixed bulkhead 4, FIG.
The position of the spoke 8 of the rotary cutter 2 is adjusted to the position of the hole 14 of the fixed bulkhead 4 as shown in FIG. Press In this state, the rear side of the spoke 8 comes into close contact with the seal 15 as shown in FIG.

In the state shown in FIG. 6, the lid 16 is removed from the rear of the fixed bulkhead 4 and a hand is put into the hole 14.
By removing, the bit 3 can be replaced by extending the hand forward from the hole 11, and the bit 3 can be easily replaced with a new one in a short time without freezing the face.

After replacing the bit 3 and closing the holes 11 and 14 with the lids 12 and 16, the rotary cutter 2 is advanced by the cutter moving jack 7 as shown in FIG.
By excavating the excavation barrel 1 with the excavation jack 5 while rotating, excavation can be continued.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view of one embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, in which a rotary cutter 2 is provided on a front surface of an excavating cylinder 1, and earth and sand are excavated on a front surface of the rotary cutter 2. A number of bits 3 are protruded as cutting blades. A fixed bulkhead 4 is fixed to the inside of the excavating barrel 1 spaced behind the rotary cutter 2, and a movable bulkhead 18 is provided between the rotary cutter 2 and the fixed bulkhead 4. The movable bulkhead 18 can be moved back and forth between the front surface of the fixed bulkhead 4 and the rotary cutter 2 by the bulkhead moving jack 19.

The rotary cutter 2 is provided with radial spokes 8 as in FIG. 2, and a cutter slit 10 is provided between both sides of the spoke 8 and the face plate 9 of the rotary cutter 2 as shown in FIG. Have been. The above-mentioned bit 3 is detachably attached to the spoke 8 by projecting from the front surface of the rotary cutter 2 by a screw. When the rotary cutter 2 rotates and the bit 3 excavates the earth and sand of the face, the bit 3 The excavated earth and sand passes through the cutter slit 10 and enters between the rear surface of the rotary cutter 2 and the front surface of the movable bulkhead 18. A hole 11 is drilled along the back surface of the spoke 8 provided radially on the rotary cutter 2, and a lid 12 is detachably attached to the back surface of the hole 11 by a screw 13. Is to be closed.

The movable bulkhead 18 is provided with a hole 20 (see FIG. 8) having the same radiation angle and substantially the same length so as to correspond to the spoke 8 of the rotary cutter 2. A seal 21 is mounted in the middle of the hole 20, and a lid 22 is detachably attached to the back of the hole 20 by screws 23.

The fixed bulkhead 4 behind the movable bulkhead 18 is provided with a manhole 24 through which a person enters and exits for inspection and repair as in the prior art.

In the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the movable bulkhead 18 is retracted and the rear surface of the movable bulkhead 18 is pressed against the front surface of the fixed bulkhead 4. When the rotary cutter 2 is rotated to excavate the earth and sand of the face, the earth and sand excavated by the bit 3 passes between the rotary cutter 2 and the movable bulkhead 18 through the cutter slit 10. To replace the bit 3, the rotary cutter 2 is rotated at a fixed position, and the earth and sand between the rotary cutter 2 and the movable bulkhead 18 is discharged to the rear of the movable bulkhead 18 and the fixed bulkhead 4. In this case, if you are excavating with an earth pressure shield, circulate water while diluting and adding mud, and discharge earth and sand,
If drilling is performed with a mud pressurized shield, the mud is circulated to discharge earth and sand.

After the earth and sand between the rotary cutter 2 and the movable bulkhead 18 is discharged to the rear of the fixed bulkhead 4, the position of the spoke 8 of the rotary cutter 2 is changed to the position of the movable bulkhead 18.
The movable bulkhead 18 is moved forward by the bulkhead moving jack 19 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the front surface of the movable bulkhead 18 is pressed against the back surface of the rotary cutter 2. In this state, the rear portion of the side surface of the spoke 8 comes into close contact with the seal 21 as shown in FIG.

In the state shown in FIG. 10, a person enters between the fixed bulkhead 4 and the movable bulkhead 18 through the manhole 24 of the fixed bulkhead 4, and
By removing the lid 22 from behind, putting a hand in the hole 20 and further removing the lid 12, the hand can be extended forward from the hole 11 to replace the bit 3.

After replacing the bit 3 and closing the holes 11 and 20 with the lids 12 and 22, the movable bulkhead 18 is retracted by the bulkhead moving jack 19 as shown in FIG. You can continue digging.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotary cutter is retracted, and the second aspect of the present invention is advanced by moving the movable bulkhead, so that the cutting face is not frozen and the time is shorter than that after the rotary cutter. Can easily change bits and excavate long tunnels.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of one embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the rotary cutter as viewed from a direction II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the fixed bulkhead as viewed from a direction III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a state different from FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view of one embodiment of the invention of claim 2;

8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a state different from FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Digging barrel 2 Rotating cutter 3 Bit 4 Fixed bulkhead 7 Cutter moving jack 8 Spoke 11 hole 12 Lid 14 Hole 16 Lid 18 Movable bulkhead 19 Bulkhead moving jack 20 Hole 22 Lid

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiaki Uehara 13-Showa-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside the Nagoya Plant of Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Ishikawa Shima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagoya Plant (56) References JP-A-3-202593 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary cutter rotating on the front surface of a digging cylinder,
A spoke radially provided on the rotary cutter, a bit protruding from the front surface of the rotary cutter and removably attached to the spoke, a hole drilled along the back surface of the spoke, and a removable hole on the back surface of the hole. A fixed bulkhead fixed to the excavation barrel behind the rotary cutter, a cutter moving jack for moving the rotary cutter back and forth, and a punched hole in the fixed bulkhead corresponding to the position of the spoke. A shield excavator comprising: a hole provided; and a lid detachably attached to a back surface of the hole. 2. A rotary cutter rotating on a front surface of a digging barrel,
A spoke radially provided on the rotary cutter, a bit protruding from the front surface of the rotary cutter and removably attached to the spoke, a hole drilled along the back surface of the spoke, and a removable hole on the back surface of the hole. A fixed bulkhead fixed to the excavation barrel behind the rotary cutter; a movable bulkhead movable back and forth between a front surface of the fixed bulkhead and a rear surface of the cutter; A bulkhead moving jack for moving the bulkhead back and forth, a hole formed in the movable bulkhead corresponding to the position of the spoke, and a lid detachably attached to the back of the hole. Features a shield machine.