JP2829243B2 - Construction method of retaining wall - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a retaining wall using a formwork that facilitates the construction of a concrete retaining wall.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a concrete retaining wall is constructed by embedding a vertical bar in advance when constructing a concrete foundation, and binding a reinforcing bar constituting the retaining wall to a vertical bar protruding on the concrete foundation by wire binding or the like. Connected by means,
Surround this rebar with panels such as wooden boards, connect and fix each panel with separator bolts, then put ready-mixed concrete into the panels, remove the panels after the concrete has hardened, stack the concrete blocks, or In the case of a building, a method of placing a truss reinforcing bar on the back surface of a concrete plate, connecting the truss reinforcing bar to a building structure with metal, and placing concrete is performed. Also,
When a decorative material such as a stone is stretched on the surface of a concrete retaining wall, a method in which a mason stretches one by one by a dry method or a wet method is general.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional method, it takes a lot of time and labor to form a reinforcing bar provided on a concrete foundation and to attach and detach a panel, and the construction period becomes long. Also, the construction method using a concrete block has an advantage that construction is easy and the construction period is short, but there is a problem that it is not suitable for construction of a large retaining wall. Furthermore, the method using large concrete panels (up to a maximum height of 5 m) requires the use of a trailer for transportation, which increases the transportation cost, and in the case where a trailer cannot be inserted, or requires a large crane for construction. There are problems such as.

[0004] In the case of civil engineering, there is no structure. Therefore, it is necessary to form a frame and hold the panel by using a flat concrete panel. Furthermore, a method of stretching a decorative material such as a stone one by one on the surface of the concrete retaining wall has a problem that it is extremely troublesome and the cost is greatly increased.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional concrete retaining wall construction method.
An object of the present invention is to provide a construction method using a relatively small construction formwork to provide self-supporting feet and facilitate construction.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a lower plate of a lower end of a vertical plate which is provided with an appropriate decoration on its surface and has a truss-like, horseshoe-shaped, H-shaped or the like on its back. And at least one (for example, one from the center of the lower rear surface of the vertical plate or one from each side of the lower rear surface of the vertical plate), the retaining wall forming form having a shape provided to face backward, Based on a plurality of retaining wall construction formwork with at least one foot facing rearward from the lower surface of the lower end of the vertical board with appropriate decoration and truss-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, H-shaped, etc. The reinforcing bar was placed on concrete, and the reinforcing bars rising from the foundation were positioned between the legs to form a reinforcing bar above the legs. After fixing the panel with the separator bolt, put ready-mixed concrete between the vertical plate and the panel To adopt a method of applying a concrete retaining wall Te.

A method of constructing a concrete retaining wall upward by repeating a method of constructing a retaining wall in the same manner on a retaining wall constructed by the above method, or a method of appropriately decorating a surface. Truss, horseshoe,
A plurality of retaining wall construction forms provided with at least one foot directed rearward from the lower surface of the lower end of a vertical board provided with a locking device such as an H-shaped member are placed on a foundation concrete, and are started from the foundation. Position the rebar between each foot and configure the rebar above it,
Further, a method of constructing a concrete retaining wall by locating a lower portion of the panel behind each foot, fixing the vertical plate and the panel with separator bolts, and then putting fresh concrete between the vertical plate and the panel, A method of constructing a concrete retaining wall upward by repeating a method of constructing a retaining wall in the same manner on a retaining wall constructed by this method is also adopted.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a first embodiment of a retaining wall forming form, in which a plurality of decorative materials 1 made of stone or the like are driven into the front surface, and a truss-shaped locking device 2 is mounted on the back surface. A structure in which one foot 4 is provided integrally from both ends of the lower surface of the lower end of the vertical board 3 fixed by embedding a part thereof toward the back is integrally formed of concrete. In addition, instead of using a decorative material as described above, there is a case where decoration is performed with an appropriate uneven pattern or the like. The mold of Example 1 is hereinafter referred to as mold A.

The locking device 2 has a truss shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and a plurality of horseshoe-shaped products formed by bending an iron bar as shown in FIG. Various shapes can be used, such as those in which the H-shaped steel cut into short pieces is embedded. Further, at the time of construction, in order to fix the separator bolt to the formwork A, a plurality of inserts 15 having female threads are embedded in the rear side of the vertical plate 3 of the formwork A as shown in FIGS. Further, when fixing a panel or the like to the rear end surface of each foot 4, a plurality of inserts 16 having female threads for screwing fixing bolts may be embedded.

A method for constructing a retaining wall using the above-described formwork A will be described below. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 4 (I), a concrete foundation 7 is constructed on a target ground 6. On this occasion,
A plurality of reinforcing bars 8 are embedded at predetermined intervals for each mold.
The rebar may be relatively short and low, or quite high.

Next, a plurality of molds A are placed on the foundation 7 as shown in FIG. 4 (II). At this time, each foot 4 is inserted between each group of reinforcing bars 8. As shown in FIG. 5, another reinforcing bar 9 is connected to a reinforcing bar 8 projecting to the side of each leg 4 by binding with a wire or the like, and a horizontal bar 10 or the like is connected to the reinforcing bars 8, 9 with a wire. Fix with. A panel 11 is attached to the rear end of each foot 4.
Apply the lower ends of the. In the case shown in the figure, the fixing bolts 18 inserted into the plurality of holes provided at the lower end of the panel 11 are screwed into the female screws of the insert 16 and fixed. However, when the panel 11 is thick and rigid, it is not necessarily fixed with bolts. No need. Further, after a plurality of separator bolts 12 connecting the vertical plate 3 and the panel 11 are screwed into the female screw of the insert 15 and fixed, the fresh concrete 13 is put between the vertical plate 3 and the panel 11 to retain the retaining wall. At this time, the panel is also fixed to the side of the form A at the end so that concrete does not leak from the side.

After the concrete retaining wall B is constructed as described above, the same construction is repeated on the concrete concrete retaining wall B as shown in FIG. Build wall B high.

As described above, in addition to the method of assembling the vertical reinforcing bars 8 and 9 and the horizontal bars 10 at the time of construction and forming the retaining wall B sequentially upward, as shown in FIG. ,
There is also a method of connecting a cage-shaped reinforcing bar C formed in advance on the reinforcing bar 8 and constructing a concrete retaining wall B while adding the basket-shaped reinforcing bar C in the same process as in FIGS. According to this method, since the cage type reinforcing bar B is produced in a factory in advance, the time required for assembling the reinforcing bar on the site is omitted, so that the construction period is shortened.

FIG. 8 shows that the panel 11 is erected at an appropriate distance from the rear end of each foot 4, and the vertical plate 3 and the panel 11 are connected to each other by a plurality of separator bolts 12.
1 is a predetermined distance between the vertical plate 3 and the panel 11
In the same manner as in each of the above examples, a reinforcing bar is configured as a retaining wall B, but these are the same as those in each of the above examples, and thus the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted. In this method, a retaining wall having a width larger than the length of the foot 4 of the form A can be formed.

In each of the above embodiments, a panel is required, and it is necessary to remove the panel after construction. However, the following method does not require a panel. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 , a pair of molds A are placed back to back on a wide base 7 and bolts 25 are respectively attached to the inserts 16 of the opposing feet 4 of each mold A.
Is fixed, and a turnbuckle 26 is screwed into a reverse screw provided at an opposing portion of each of the bolts 25 to adjust the distance between the two molds A. As in the example, this is a construction method in which a reinforcing bar is appropriately configured and concrete is cast. With this method, a retaining wall having a width that is at least twice as large as that of the formwork A can be constructed, and no panel is required.

In the case of FIG. 10, a plurality of decorative materials 1 made of stone or the like are driven into the surface, and a truss-shaped locking device 2 is fixed on the back surface by embedding a part of the truss-like locking device 2 to form a flat plate 30 made of concrete. A plurality of inserts 31 having female threads are embedded near the upper end of the flat board 30, and a plurality of insertion holes 32 are provided at the lower end.

The fixing bolts 33 inserted into the insertion holes 32 of the flat board 30 as described above are screwed into the respective inserts 16 of the respective molds A, and the mold A and the flat board 30 are fixed integrally to form a channel. A bolt 25 is screwed into each of the opposed inserts 15 and 31, and a turnbuckle 26 is screwed into a reverse screw provided at an opposing portion of each of the bolts 25.
The distance between the mold A and the flat board 30 is adjusted, and the form A and the flat board 3 are adjusted.
After connecting the basket type reinforcing bar C to the reinforcing bar 8 during the period of 0, or constructing a reinforcing bar as shown in FIG. 8 or the like, the method of pouring concrete and forming a concrete retaining wall is repeated. This method does not require panels.

Further, in the method of FIG. 11, the plane board 3
0 is set up at an appropriate distance from the rear end of the foot 4, and the flat plate 30 and the vertical plate 3 of the form A are connected to a plurality of separator bolts 1.
2 and thereafter, a method of constructing the retaining wall by the same construction method as in FIG. 8 is shown.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a second embodiment of a retaining wall forming form, except that one foot 4 is provided integrally from the middle portion of the lower surface of the lower surface of the vertical plate 3 toward the rear. Has the same structure as that of the first embodiment. This is designated as a construction form D. A method for constructing a retaining wall using the above-described formwork D will be described below. That is, first, figure
14, the construction of the concrete foundation 7 to ground 6 purposes as FIG. At this time, a plurality of reinforcing bars 8 are embedded as in the other examples.

Next, placed in a row a plurality of mold D on the basis 7, to position the reinforcing bars 8 between each foot 4 of each mold D adjacent to the plan view of FIG. 14. Then, as shown in FIG. 15 , a reinforcing bar 9 is bound and fixed with a wire or the like on a reinforcing bar 8 between each leg 4 of each adjacent formwork D, and a horizontal bar 10 and the like are bound to the reinforcing bars 8 and 9 by wire binding or the like. Fix by the means. Also, the lower ends of the panel 11 are applied to the rear ends of the feet 4, and the fixing bolts 18 inserted into the plurality of holes provided at the lower end of the panel 11 are screwed into the female screws of the insert 16 to erect the panel 11. Plural separator bolts 1 connecting vertical plate 3 and panel 11
2 is screwed into the female screw of the insert 15 and fixed, and then the fresh concrete 13 is put between the vertical plate 3 and the panel 11 to form the retaining wall B. Also fix the panel so that concrete does not leak from the sides.

In the case of this example, as in the example of FIG.
If 1 is thick and rigid, it is not always necessary to fix it with bolts. As described above, after applying a concrete retaining wall B, the concrete retaining wall B upward by repeatedly applying the same construction further over the concrete retaining wall B of the construction already shown in FIG. 16 Build high.

[0023] In addition to the methods continue to form sequentially upper retaining walls B assembles longitudinal reinforcing bars 8, 9 and lateral stripes 10 during construction as described above, the vertical streak 21 and the spiral muscle 22 as shown in FIG. 17 the cage-type reinforcement C a preformed ligated onto rebar 8, FIG. 1
There is also a method of applying the concrete retaining wall B while replenishing the該篭type rebar C in the same step as 4 to 15. According to this method, since the cage type reinforcing bar B is produced in a factory in advance, the time required for assembling the reinforcing bar on the site is omitted, so that the construction period is shortened. In addition, FIG.
Or it can be carried out similar method as in FIG. 11.

[0024]

According to the present invention, since the formwork is formed into an L-shape with the vertical plate and one or two feet as described above, the formwork can be made self-supporting. It is easy to construct on a clear civil engineering site. In addition, since it is lighter than a conventional concrete panel and does not require a large crane or a transportation vehicle during construction, construction is easy and safe, and transportation costs can be reduced. In addition, by using this formwork, the number of thin panels such as wooden boards used is significantly reduced, and the construction efficiency at the site is improved, leading to a reduction in the construction period. Embedding decorative materials on the surface of the vertical board or embossing the pattern, etc., makes the appearance very good, and eliminates the troublesome work of embedding stones and the like at the site, leading to cost reduction. The formwork is firmly fixed by concrete that is provided between the feet with the thin feet integrally provided on the vertical board, and there is an effect that a thick and extremely stable retaining wall can be constructed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a mold according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the above.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged side view showing each example of a locking device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a construction order.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of the constructed retaining wall.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a retaining wall extending upward.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal side view of an embodiment using a cage type reinforcing bar.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the embodiment in which the mold and the panel are separated.

FIG. 9 is a vertical side view of the embodiment in which the molds are opposed to each other.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an embodiment using a mold and a flat board.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the embodiment in which the mold and the flat board are separated.

FIG. 12 is a side view of the mold of the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of the retaining wall using the above.

FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional side view of the constructed retaining wall.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a retaining wall extending upward.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an embodiment using a cage type reinforcing bar.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cosmetic material 2 Locking device 3 Vertical board 4 Feet 6 Ground 7 Foundation 8 Reinforcing bar 9 Reinforcing bar 10 Horizontal bar 11 Panel 12 Separator bolt 13 Ready-mixed concrete 21 Vertical bar 22 Spiral bar A Retaining wall forming form C Basket-type rebar D Retaining wall Construction formwork

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 29/02 309

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of holding members having at least one foot provided rearward from the lower surface of the lower end of a vertical plate having a surface provided with a suitable decoration and a truss-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, or H-shaped locking device provided on a back surface. A formwork for wall construction is placed on the foundation concrete, and a reinforcing bar raised from the foundation is positioned between each foot to form a reinforcing bar thereabove. Further, a lower end of a panel is provided at a rear end of each foot. And fixing the vertical wall and the panel with separator bolts, and then adding fresh concrete between the vertical wall and the panel to construct a concrete retaining wall. 2. A concrete retaining wall is constructed upward by repeating a method of constructing a retaining wall in a similar manner on a retaining wall constructed by the method according to claim 1. The construction method of the retaining wall. 3. A plurality of holding members having at least one foot directed rearward from the lower surface of the lower end of a vertical plate having an appropriate decoration on the surface and a truss-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or H-shaped locking device on the back. The formwork for wall construction is placed on the foundation concrete, the reinforcing bars raised from the foundation are positioned between the legs, the reinforcing bars are formed above the legs, and the lower portion of the panel is positioned behind the legs. A method for constructing a retaining wall, comprising fixing the vertical plate and the panel with separator bolts, and then adding fresh concrete between the vertical plate and the panel to construct a concrete retaining wall. 4. A concrete retaining wall is constructed upward by repeating a method of constructing a retaining wall in the same manner on a retaining wall constructed by the method according to claim 3. The construction method of the retaining wall.