JP2829251B2 - Wave dissipation structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wave elimination structure, and more particularly to a wave elimination structure which is installed on a shore portion of a ship channel to reduce splashes and noise caused by breaking of a traveling wave.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a fear that waves may break off by hitting the coast, generating loud noises and splashing droplets around the surroundings, which may affect the environment of neighboring residents. There is an urgent need for measures to counter the waves that hit the department.

[0003] Such environmental problems are particularly remarkable in the coastal area of the route on which ships travel. In other words, in the coastal area of such a ship channel, the waves (traveling waves) of the navigating ship frequently rush, so that noise and splashes due to breaking waves are generated to an extent that cannot be ignored. It often affects the environment of residents living in neighboring private houses.

[0004] On the other hand, as a countermeasure against the waves hitting the coast, there have conventionally been proposed, for example, a method of constructing a seawall on the coast, a method of inserting a deformed block, and a method of forming a sandy beach.

[0005]

However, according to the above-mentioned conventional solution, the method of constructing a revetment increases the cost and makes the water surface of the sea or river invisible, so that there is a problem in the landscape. In addition, the reflected waves from the revetment may affect the moving ship. In addition, although the cost can be suppressed by the method of introducing the irregularly shaped blocks, there is a risk of harming the scenery, and the waves are broken or broken, so that the problems of noise and splash cannot be solved yet. Furthermore, the method of creating a sandy beach requires a large-scale site, which limits the location conditions, and it is not easy to maintain the sandy beach while preventing erosion due to waves and tides.

In recent years, as a countermeasure against the decrease of sandy beaches, a method of protecting the entire seawall with a deformed block has been often used. However, according to such a method, a wave runs up on the deformed block. However, there is a problem that a large amount of droplets are sprayed behind the revetment to cause salt damage.

On the other hand, as a method of compensating for the drawbacks of the conventional solution as described above and taking into account the hydrophilicity, a gentle slope is formed by, for example, concrete with a predetermined width sandwiching the shoreline. The so-called gentle slope revetment is in the limelight, but it is difficult to reduce the sound of breaking waves to such an extent that it can be ignored even with such a gentle slope revetment.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and has a simple structure.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave-dissipating structure that can efficiently and effectively reduce noise and splashes generated when waves breaking on a coastal area breaks, and can easily improve the environment of nearby residents. It is.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and the gist of the invention is to provide a gently inclined surface formed along a shoreline with a predetermined width sandwiching the shoreline. The base member is formed on the gentle slope so as to extend at a predetermined width along the shoreline, and includes a base member having irregularities on its surface, and an artificial seaweed planted on the base member. In the wave-breaking structure.

Further, in the wave breaking structure according to the present invention, the artificial seaweed is disposed such that at least a top end portion thereof is located above a water surface at an upper end portion in the inclination direction of the gentle slope, and It is preferable that the lower surface of the inclined surface be disposed so that at least a part thereof is located below the water surface.

In the above description, the water surface refers to a water surface such as a sea surface in a stationary state where no waves are generated, that is, an imaginary water surface when defining a shoreline in contact with land.

Further, in the wave-absorbing structure of the present invention, the base member is constituted by laying a large number of unit blocks along the shoreline with a predetermined width, and the artificial seaweed is provided on each of the unit blocks. It is preferable to plant.

Further, in the wave-absorbing structure of the present invention, the unit block may be formed in a frame shape such as a square shape or a cross shape having an opening hole formed inward.

The wave breaking structure according to the present invention can also be configured such that the artificial seaweed planted on the base member is erected on a net-like body.

Further, the wave-absorbing structure of the present invention can be constructed by arranging a large number of self-supporting and elastic pillars on the artificial seaweed planted on the base member.

[0016]

According to the wave-dissipating structure of the present invention, the waves rushing to the coast gradually attenuate the energy when passing through the wave-dissipating structure without generating a large breaking wave, and thereby the droplets and The generation of loud noises can be avoided, the waves do not run up to the coast, and reflected waves are hardly generated.

[0017] That is, the surfing waves are converted into vortex energy by the irregularities of the base member formed on the gentle slope, and the artificial seaweed planted on the base member generates a very large amount of waves. They generate small vortices, which efficiently dissipate the energy of the waves.

When the artificial seaweed is completely submerged in the water without the top end of the gentle slope being located above the water surface even at the upper end in the direction of inclination, the artificial seaweed may be wave-like. It may not be possible to completely capture the energy, and when the artificial seaweed is not located below the water surface at the lower end of the gentle slope in the direction of inclination, but is entirely exposed on the water surface, Because waves may break ahead of the artificial seaweed, in order to more efficiently wave-dissipate the artificial seaweed, at least at the top end of the gentle slope, It is arranged so as to be located above the water surface, and is arranged so that at least a part thereof is located below the water surface at the lower end in the direction of inclination of the gentle slope.

Further, if the base member is constructed by laying a large number of unit blocks along the shoreline with a predetermined width, and the artificial seaweed is planted in each of the unit blocks, By laying each unit block in which artificial seaweed has been planted in advance, a wave-dissipating structure integrated with a gentle slope can be easily formed.

Further, if the unit block is formed in a frame shape such as a square shape or a cross shape with an opening hole formed inward, the unevenness can be achieved while reducing the weight of the unit block. Can easily be formed on a gentle slope.

And, as the artificial seaweed to be planted on the base member, one formed by standing and fixing a net-like body is used.
The waves passing through the mesh are successively attenuated by the mesh, so that the energy of the waves can be effectively dissipated for a long period of time without generating large breaking waves.

Further, if an artificial seaweed planted on the base member is formed by erecting a large number of self-supporting and elastic pillars, the pillars can apply wave energy to one surface thereof. When the wave is received, the wave is allowed to pass through while slowly oscillating and relaxing the speed of the wave, thereby effectively dissipating the energy of the wave for a long period of time without generating a large breaking wave.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a wave-breaking structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed on a coastal section 12 of a marine route 11 through which ships frequently pass.
It is provided in order to prevent a wave (a running wave) generated when the ship passes through the passage 11 from breaking on the shore 12 and generating a large amount of droplets and loud noise.

The wave-dissipating structure 10 of this embodiment includes a gently inclined surface 13 formed along a shoreline, which is a line where the water surface such as the sea surface and the land contacts the land, with a predetermined width sandwiching the shoreline. The base member 14 is formed on the gently inclined surface 13 so as to extend at a predetermined width along the base member, and the artificial seaweed 15 planted on the base member 14.

The gentle slope 13 is formed as a top end face of a gentle slope revetment 16 constructed, for example, by casting underwater concrete, and its slope and width are determined by the magnitude of the tides and waves of the sea surface of the channel. It is designed as appropriate in consideration of the situation such as the surroundings or the nearby landscape.

The base member 14 formed on the gently inclined surface 13 has a planar shape as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D. This is provided by laying a large number of frame-shaped unit blocks 18 each having a height of about 30 cm, for example, each 2 m in length and width, and having a surface formed by the opening holes 17 in each unit block 18. Will have irregularities. In this embodiment, the base member 14 is formed by laying a large number of unit blocks 18. However, the base member in the present invention is not limited to this.
When constructing the gentle slope revetment 16, unevenness may be formed on the top end face of the revetment 16, and part or all of the gentle slope 13 may be directly used as the base member 14. In addition, the width of the base member 14 formed along the shoreline is also appropriately designed in consideration of the situation such as the ebb and flow of the sea surface of the sea route 11 and the size of the waves, the nearby landscape, and the gradient of the gentle slope 13. Things.

Further, the artificial seaweed 15 to be planted on the base member 14 is, for example, pre-planted in each unit block 18 constituting the base member 14 and installed on the gentle slope 13 together with each unit block 18. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, at the upper end in the direction of inclination of the gentle inclined surface 13 of the artificial seaweed 15 that is continuously provided, at least the top end or the whole is disposed so as to be located above the water surface. At the lower end in the direction of inclination of the gently inclined surface 13 of the artificial seaweed 15 connected in series, part or all of the artificial seaweed 15 is disposed so as to be located below the water surface. Thus, the effect of reducing the breaking of the waves by the waves is more effectively exhibited. In this embodiment, the artificial seaweed 15 is preliminarily planted in each unit block 18 and disposed on the gentle slope 13. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. After forming the base member 14 by laying the artificial seaweed 15, the artificial seaweed 15 is planted directly on the base member 14, or directly on the gentle slope 13 when part or all of the gentle slope 13 is used as the base member 14. It can also be installed and arranged.

Here, the artificial seaweed 15 used in this embodiment is
Various known seaweeds can be used as the artificial seaweed 15, for example, as shown in FIGS.
No. 89, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-318492, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-108
It is preferable to use the artificial seaweed disclosed in 666 or the like. That is, the block body 2 as the unit block 18
And the mesh body 21 ((a) and the Japanese Patent Application No.
And an upstanding net member 23 (() which is formed by looping a self-supporting net material having a large gap, which is fixed to the base member 22 with the curved portion facing upward, and which is formed in a loop shape. b) and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-318491),
A plurality of self-supporting and elastic strip-shaped pillars 25 or loop-shaped pillars 26 fixed to the base member 24
(See (c) and (d) and Japanese Patent Application No. 6-108666)
Etc. can be used. The blocks 20, 22, 24 provided with the nets 21, 23, the pillars 25, 26 and the like described in the specification of the above application can be used as they are as the unit block 18 according to this embodiment. it can.

In the wave-breaking structure 10 of this embodiment, each unit block 18 is formed, for example, by a gentle slope 13
By directly laying it on the top, it is possible to easily install the large-area wave-breaking structure 10 while improving the construction speed. That is, each unit block 18 has a certain size, and can be easily manufactured at a factory or transported by truck, etc., and a plurality of unit block bodies 18 are mounted on a work base or work boat near the site. It is possible to assemble them into a sufficiently large one by connecting them as appropriate, or to plant artificial seaweeds 15. By submerging the assembled unit block body 18 using, for example, a crane or the like, waves and The base member 14 does not cause partial separation due to the flow. Further, each unit block body 18 can be freely manufactured to a required size and height which is easy to transport and work by, for example, reinforced concrete and the like, and an opening hole 17 is formed inward to reduce the weight. By assembling them into an arbitrary size by combining them, it is possible to sufficiently follow even if there is some unevenness on the gentle slope 13 which is the installation ground. This gentle slope 13 can be protected from scouring even if it is made up of a member that is likely to be scoured instead of the gentle slope revetment 16 made of steel.

According to the wave-absorbing structure 10 of this embodiment, waves such as a sailing wave that hits the shore 12 when passing through the wave-absorbing structure 10 are formed on the gentle slope 13. Due to the unevenness of the member 14, the energy of the wave is converted into eddy energy, and furthermore, a large number of small eddies are generated by the artificial seaweed 15 planted on the base member 14, whereby the energy of the wave is efficiently dissipated. As a result, the energy is gradually attenuated without generating large breaking waves, whereby it is possible to avoid generation of a large amount of droplets and loud noise.

[0031]

As described above, the wave-absorbing structure of the present invention has a gently inclined surface formed along the shoreline and having a predetermined width sandwiching the shoreline, and a surface formed on the gently inclined surface. And the artificial seaweed planted on this base member, the waves that hit the coastal area, when passing through this wave-dissipating structure, the unevenness of the base member formed on the gentle slope As a result, the energy of the waves is converted into eddy energy, and the artificial seaweed planted on the base member generates a very large number of small eddies to efficiently dissipate the energy of the waves. Therefore, according to the wave-dissipating structure of the present invention, despite the simple structure, the noise and splashes generated when the waves hitting the shore breaks can be efficiently and effectively reduced, and the environment of neighboring residents can be reduced. Improvement can be easily achieved.

In particular, the artificial seaweed is arranged so that at least the top end of the gentle slope is located above the water surface at the upper end in the direction of inclination, and at least the lower end of the gentle slope in the direction of inclination is located above the water surface. If it is arranged so that a part thereof is located below the water surface, the wave can be more efficiently eliminated.

Further, the base member is constructed by laying a large number of unit blocks along a shoreline with a predetermined width, and
In addition, if artificial seaweed is planted in each unit block, a wave-dissipating structure integrated with a gentle slope can be easily formed by laying each unit block in which artificial seaweed has been planted in advance. Can be.

Further, if the unit block is formed into a frame shape such as a square shape or a cross shape having an opening hole formed inward,
The base member having the unevenness can be easily formed on the gentle slope while reducing the weight of the unit block.

If an artificial seaweed planted on a base member is used by standing and fixing a net, waves passing through the net are sequentially attenuated by the net, whereby Wave energy can be effectively dissipated for a long period of time without generating large breaking waves.

If an artificial seaweed planted on the base member is formed by erecting a large number of self-supporting and elastic pillars, the pillars receive wave energy on one surface thereof. In this case, the wave can be slowly swung to allow the wave to pass while relaxing the speed of the wave, thereby effectively dissipating the energy of the wave for a long period of time without generating large breaking waves.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a wave canceling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A to 2D are plan views illustrating a planar shape of a unit block for forming a base member constituting a wave-absorbing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 3A to 3D are perspective views illustrating a unit block in which artificial seaweed constituting a wave-dissipating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is planted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wave-dissipation structure 11 Navigational route 12 Coastal part 13 Gentle slope 14 Base member 15 Artificial seaweed 16 Gentle slope revetment 17 Opening hole 18 Unit block 21, 23 Netlike body 25, 26 Column

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Hayashi 2-3-3 Kandaji-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Obayashi Corporation Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Norihiko Sakata 4- 1-4 Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Naniwasuji Nakagawa Building 7.8F Hirose Giken Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Minoru Minato 225 Yodohoncho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture Inside Keihan Concrete Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Makoto Otaguro Kako, Hyogo Prefecture 877 Komiya, Harima-cho, Gunma Daiwabo Polytech Co., Ltd. Harima Research Laboratories (56) References JP-A-3-172408 (JP, A) JP-A-6-146231 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated ( Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02B 3/14 302 E02B 3/12

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gently sloped surface formed along a shoreline with a predetermined width sandwiching the shoreline, and the gently sloped surface formed to extend at a predetermined width along the shoreline, and the surface thereof is formed. A wave-dissipating structure comprising a base member having irregularities thereon and an artificial seaweed planted on the base member. 2. The artificial seaweed is disposed such that at least a top end portion thereof is located above a water surface at an upper end portion in the inclination direction of the gentle slope, and a lower end portion in the inclination direction of the gentle slope surface. The wave-absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the wave-breaking structure is disposed below the water surface. 3. The base member is configured by laying a large number of unit blocks along the shoreline with a predetermined width, and the artificial seaweed is planted in each of the unit blocks. The wave-absorbing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The wave-eliminating structure according to claim 3, wherein the unit block is formed of a frame having a square shape, a square shape, or the like, in which an opening hole is formed inward. . 5. The artificial seaweed planted on the base member,
The wave-damping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the net-like body is configured to be erected and fixed. 6. The artificial seaweed planted on the base member,
The wave-absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a large number of self-supporting and elastic pillars are provided.