JP2834869B2 - Cardan joint assembly equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a cardan joint assembling apparatus used for a joint of a propeller shaft of an automobile, and more particularly, to a yoke for attaching a spider to a yoke. After the bearing is pressed into the bearing hole and the bearing is fitted to the spider shaft, in the step of caulking the bearing hole, the spider is positioned and held so that the bearing hole of the yoke and the spider shaft are coaxial. Regarding the structure.

[Prior Art] FIG. 20 shows an example of a propeller shaft of an automobile using a cardan joint. A cardan joint 4 in which a flange yoke 1 and a tube yoke 2 are connected by a spider 3, a sleeve yoke 5 and a tube A cardan joint 6 in which the yokes 2 are connected by a spider 3 is used, and the two tube yokes 2 and 2 are connected by a tube 7.

FIG. 21 shows an assembling structure of the flange yoke 1 and the spider 3. The flange yoke 1 is provided with bearing holes 9, 9 in the bifurcated yoke portions 8, 8, respectively. A unit 11 is provided.

The spider 3 is formed in a cross shape in which four shafts 12 protrude in all directions, and two shafts 12a, 12a located on a coaxial line are inserted into bearing holes 9, 9 of the yoke portions 8, 8, and a bearing 13, 13 is press-fitted into the bearing holes 9, 9 to fit the shafts 12 a, 12 a, and thereafter, a caulking portion 14 is formed around the opening end side of the bearing holes 9, 9,
By making 13 and 13 non-removable, flange flange yoke 1
Spider 3 is assembled.

The tube yoke 2, the sleeve yoke 5, and the spider 3 are also assembled by press-fitting the bearing and forming a caulked portion in the same manner as described above.

The bearing 13 is press-fitted into the bearing hole 9 of the yoke portion 8 by a press-fitting punch operated by a hydraulic cylinder of the assembling device so as to be tightly fitted thereto, and rotatably supports the shafts 12a, 12a of the spider 3. The rattling of the joint during transmission is prevented, and the caulking portion 14 is formed by pressing with a caulking punch operated by a hydraulic cylinder, thereby preventing the bearing 13 itself from coming off.

By the way, in the step of press-fitting the bearing into the bearing hole of the yoke, the bearing is pressed into the bearing hole and simultaneously fitted with the spider shaft.
It must be accurately positioned and held so that the bearing hole and the shaft are coaxial.

In addition, during press-fitting of the bearing, if the end face of the bearing is not accurately press-fitted to a position where it comes into contact with the end face of the shaft, the spider will rattle during power transmission.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Conventionally, as an assembling apparatus for press-fitting a bearing into a bearing hole of a yoke, for example, as proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 63-210419, a bearing is temporarily inserted in advance into a bearing hole of a yoke, and a spider is mounted on the bearing. The bearing is press-fitted by a press-fitting punch while the shaft end is temporarily supported, so the yoke, spider and bearing must be temporarily combined by hand, resulting in extremely poor work efficiency. Since the bearing is press-fitted by moving forward a fixed stroke separately from both sides, if the yoke or spider has dimensional variations, it may not be possible to accurately press-fit the bearing end face to the position where it comes into contact with the shaft end face. There is a problem of doing.

Therefore, the present invention can accurately position and maintain the spider so that the spider shaft is coaxial with the bearing hole of the yoke, and can improve the assembly efficiency by automating the bearing press-fitting, and can improve the bearing efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cardan joint assembling apparatus capable of accurately press-fitting a position where an end face abuts on an end face of a shaft.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention arranges a vertically moving member vertically above a yoke fixed at a fixed position in a state in which spiders are temporarily combined, and a yoke bearing is provided below the vertically moving member. A pair of holding members for supporting the two shafts of the spider not fitted in the holes from below are mounted to be openable and closable, and the center shaft, which is coaxially arranged with the yoke by the elevating member, is provided with descending elasticity. The spider is inserted into the bearing hole so as to be able to swing freely in the axial direction, and is held at the lower end of the center shaft with respect to the shaft not fitted in the bearing hole of the spider. A V-shaped notch is circumscribed, and a pair of spider guides for positioning and holding this shaft and a spider presser for elastically pressing the upper end surface of the spider are attached. From the center axis with the yoke. A holding mechanism that axis shape is obtained by employing the configuration in which the switch for detecting the rocking generation of the central axis.

[Action]

When the elevating member is moved down while the yoke, which is a combination of spiders, is fixed at a fixed position, the notch of the spider guide fits outside the two shafts of the spider that are not fitted in the bearing holes of the yoke. Then, the shaft is positioned in the planar axial direction, and the spider presser presses the upper end surface of the spider to level the shaft fitted in the bearing hole.

Next, the holding members on both sides move close to each other and close, and when approaching the lower part of the shaft, the elevating member rises a certain stroke, lift the shaft, and hold the shaft with the spider guide from above and below to the bearing hole. To make the shaft coaxial.

In this state, the press-fitting punch operates to simultaneously press-fit the bearings on both sides toward the bearing holes, and the bearings are fitted to the shafts, and the end faces of the bearings are brought into contact with the shafts that first contacted the shaft end faces. Since the pressing force of the press-in punch works directly,
The switch on the press-fitting punch side, where the center axis is tilted and pressed directly, is pressed, and the press-fitting punch is stopped.
The other press-fitting punch presses the other bearing into contact with the end of the shaft.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Description will be made based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire structure of the assembling apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. The assembling apparatus has a symmetrical structure on the left and right sides with respect to a chuck mechanism 31 located at the center. Therefore, a part on the right side is omitted.

1 and 2, a chuck mechanism 31 for holding the yoke 1 on a base 32 is provided, and a positioning mechanism for centering the spider 3 temporarily combined with the yoke 1 is provided immediately above the chuck mechanism 31. On both sides sandwiching the yoke 1 held by the chuck mechanism 31, the expanding claws 34, 34 located on both upper sides of the yoke portions 8, 8 and the coaxial center of the bearing holes 9, 9 of the yoke 1 are arranged. Press-fit punches 35, 35 that can move forward and backward in the axial direction in a shape, and caulking punches 36, 36 that move forward and backward in the axial direction while being fitted to the press-fit punch 35, are disposed, and the expanding claw 34,
34 is driven to expand by an expanding mechanism 37 provided behind the chuck mechanism 31.

As shown in FIG. 9 of FIG. 8, the chuck mechanism 31 includes an elevating cylinder 40 having a tapered surface 39 on the inner peripheral surface at the upper end in an outer cylinder 38 fixed to the base 32. A plurality of shafts 42 that house a cylindrical collet 41 that fits inside and that move up and down integrally with the elevating cylinder 40 through the lower part of the outer cylinder 38 are provided. The movable plate 43 externally fitted and the plate 44 fixed to the lower end of the shaft 42 are connected via a cylinder 45, and the shaft 42 is contracted between a stopper flange 46 provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion and the outer cylinder 38. The downward elasticity is urged by the spring 47 which is provided.

A plurality of pressing claws 48 are rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the upper end of the outer cylinder 38 so as to be able to move up and down about a pivot 49, and the pressing claws 48 and the movable plate 43 are connected via a connecting rod 50. .

FIG. 8 shows a state before the yoke 1 is fixed, in which the cylinder 45 extends and the movable plate 43 comes into contact with the stopper flange 46 at the raised position, and is pushed up by the raised movable plate 43 via the connecting rod 50. The presser claw 48 rotates upward, and further moves up and down the cylinder 40.
Is in the lowered position and the collet 41 is expanded, and the yoke 1 supplied on the collet 41
On the upper side, the anchor portion 11 is fitted into the collet 41.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which the yoke 1 is fixed, and when the cylinder 45 is contracted from the state shown in FIG. 8, the movable plate 43 is lowered and moved down, and each of the pressing claws 48 lowered through the connecting rod 50 is moved. Collet 41 with the flange 10
Press up and clamp.

The movable plate 43 is pressed by pressing the flange portion 10 with the holding claw 48.
When the downward movement of the cylinder stops, the shaft
The lifting cylinder 42 is raised by raising the collet 41, the collet 41 is reduced in diameter by the tapered surface 39, and the anchor portion 11 is chucked in the radial direction.

Therefore, the yoke 1 is simultaneously fixed in the axial direction and the radial direction, and the yoke 1 can be accurately fixed to the chuck mechanism 31 in a coaxial arrangement.

In the illustrated case, the flange yoke is fixed, but since the collet 41, the elevating cylinder 40, the outer cylinder 38, etc. are cylindrical, the sleeve yoke 5 can be similarly fixed.

The spider 3 is temporarily incorporated into the yoke 1 held by the chuck mechanism 31 by inserting a pair of shafts 12a, 12a positioned coaxially of the spider 3 into the bearing holes 9, 9. The yoke and spider centering positioning mechanism 33, which is located immediately above, holds the pair of shafts 12b, 12b of the spider 3 in a fixed position, thereby forming the bearing holes 9, 9 and the shafts 12a, 12a fitted thereto. Are positioned so as to be coaxial.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic structure of the centering positioning mechanism 33 and the expanding claws 34, 34. FIGS. 11 to 13 show a specific structure of the centering positioning mechanism 33. FIG.

11 to 13, a vertical support wall 51 is erected on the base table 32 behind the chuck mechanism 31.
A vertical outer cylinder 54 arranged coaxially with the chuck mechanism 31 is provided on an elevating member 53 that can move up and down along guides 52 provided on both sides of the front surface of the chuck 52, and the elevating member 53 is attached to the support wall 51. It is connected to the piston rod 56 of the attached cylinder 55, so that vertical movement is given.

The inner cylinder 57 loosely fitted inside the outer cylinder 54 has fulcrum shafts 58 and 58 protruding so as to be coaxial at the lower front-rear position.
59, the inner cylinder 57 is supported by the chuck mechanism 31.
From the state of the coaxial core, the fulcrum shafts 58 and 58 can swing left and right around the center.On both sides of the outer cylinder 54, the inner cylinder 57 is directed from both sides toward the axis by the pressure of the contracted disc spring 60. Press and hold mechanisms 61, 61 for pressing and applying a preload to the swing to hold the inner cylinder 57 coaxially with the chuck mechanism 31 are attached.

A central shaft 63 is supported by a sleeve 62 which is axially penetrated through the inside of the inner cylinder 57 and is rotatably held coaxially.The central shaft 63 is formed by a stopper 64 at the upper end and a sleeve 62. The downward elasticity is always urged by a spring 66 contracted between the adjusting shaft 65 screwed on the upper end.

A first small-diameter shaft 63a and a second small-diameter shaft 63b are protruded from a lower end of the center shaft 63 protruding from a lower portion of the outer cylinder 54, and extend below the lower end of the cylindrical 67 fixed to the first small-diameter shaft 63a. The spider guides 69, 69 each having a V-shape and a notch 68 are fixed at the front and rear positions so as to face each other, and when the outer cylinder 54 moves downward due to the extension of the cylinder 55, the two guides 69, 69 move in the front-back direction of the spider 3. Will be circumscribed from above on the shafts 12b, 12b located at.

The second small diameter shaft 63b is provided with an elastically urged spider presser 71 which is always lowered by a spring 70. When the outer cylinder 54 moves down, the spider presser 71 presses down the upper flat end surface of the spider 3 so that the spider 3 I try to adjust my posture.

Cylinders attached to the outer cylinder 54 can be moved back and forth along the horizontal guide 72 provided at the lower part of the outer cylinder 54 at positions before and after the two spider guides 69, 69 at the lower part of the outer cylinder 54. Spider holding members 74, 74 that move back and forth by 73, 73 are arranged.

The two holding members 74, 74 are opposed to each other back and forth with the spider 3 interposed therebetween. When the holding members 74, 74 are closed to each other at the lower position of the outer cylinder 54, the toes 74a, 74a provided at the lower part are positioned at the front and rear of the spider 3. 12
b, 12b will be supported.

Direct switches 75, 75 are provided on the upper side of the outer cylinder 54 at positions on both sides of the sleeve 62 to detect, through the sleeve 62, the swing of the central shaft 63 generated about the fulcrum shafts 58, 58.
Pressing members 77, 77 for elastically sandwiching the projecting piece 76 fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve 62 from both sides and positioning and holding the sleeve 62 in the rotational direction are arranged. Since the direct switches 75 are used for controlling the press-fit punches 35, the operation thereof will be described later.

14 to 16 show an operation process of a main part in the centering positioning mechanism 33. As shown in FIG. 14, the spider holding members 74, 74 are expanded in a state where the outer cylinder 54 waits at the raised position as shown in FIG. , The spider guides 69, 69 and the spider presser 71 are holding members 74, 74.
The spider 3 temporarily installed in the yoke 1 which is at the lower limit position with respect to
The shafts 12a on both sides are supported by the lower surfaces of the bearing holes 9, 9.

Next, when the outer cylinder 54 moves downward due to the extension of the cylinder 55,
As shown in Fig. 15, the spider guides 69, 69
And the spider presser 71 presses the upper surface of the spider 3 and the expanded holding members 74, 74 are slightly lower than the lower surfaces of the shafts 12b, 12b on which the toes 74a, 74a are located forward and backward. Position, the cylinders 73, 73 operate in this state,
The two holding members 74, 74 are closed close to each other and sandwich the shafts 12b, 12b from both ends in the axial direction.

In the above state, when the outer cylinder 54 rises by a predetermined stroke due to the operation of the cylinder 55, as shown in FIG. 16, the two holding members 74, 74 which have been integrally raised have the toes 74a, 74a engaged with the shafts 12b, 12b. Lifting, the spider 3 is pulled up with the shafts 12b, 12b sandwiched by the spider guides 69, 69 from above and below, and the horizontal shafts 12a, 1
2a is made coaxial with the bearing holes 9 and 9.

At this time, the spider 3 is driven by the shafts 12b, 12b
Are notches 68, 68 of the holding members 74, 74 and the spider guides 69, 69.
And the upper flat surface of the spider 3 is pressed by the spider retainer 71.
The axes of the shafts 12a and 12a are horizontal, and the shafts are accurately aligned with the bearing holes 9 and 9 of the yoke 1 by lifting by the holding members 74 and 74.

Expanding claws 34 arranged on both upper sides of the chuck mechanism 31;
As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 10, the expansion pressure detector 80, 34 is provided by a rotation expansion portion 78 provided behind the chuck mechanism 31 and an expansion mechanism 37 including moving members 79, 79 on both sides thereof. The expansion operation is performed via 80.

1 to 7 show a specific structure of the expansions 34, 34 and the expansion machine 37. The expansion claws 34, 34 are provided at the lower end of the swing arm 81 at the upper end of the yoke portion 8. Is formed by providing a toe 82 which engages with the toe.

As shown in FIG. 4, a movable member 84 is mounted so as to be movable in the axial direction near the rear end of a bearing sleeve 83 that supports the above-described caulking punch 36 so as to be movable in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the rear end of the swing arm 81 is mounted on a pivot 85 so that the swing arm 81 can swing up and down about the pivot 85, and a spring 86 is attached to the movable member 84 as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, the cylinder biases the elasticity of movement in the direction in which the toes 82 and 82 approach each other.

Further, the swing arm 81 urges upward elasticity of rotation by a spring 87, and is pushed up to a lowered position by a cylinder 88 disposed at a fixed portion.

Therefore, when the expanding claws 34, 34 are pushed down to the lower position by the cylinder 88, the toe 82 can be engaged with the upper end ear of the yoke portion 8, and when the pushing down by the cylinder 88 is released, the toe 82 becomes It will move up and disengage.

The expansion mechanism 37 is mounted on a horizontal guide shaft 89 fixedly disposed behind the centering positioning mechanism 33 so that the rotation expansion part 78 and the moving members 79 on both sides thereof can be axially movable. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, a worm wheel is mounted on a cylindrical cam 90 externally fitted to the guide shaft 89 so as to freely rotate and move in the axial direction, as shown in FIGS. The cylindrical cam is fixed so that the worm wheel 91 is covered.
A worm 93 meshing with the worm wheel 91 is mounted in a case 92 externally fitted to the 90, and the worm 93 is driven by a servo motor 94 fixed to the outside of the case 92 so that the cylindrical cam 90 is rotated. ing.

The case 92 is held by a guide 95 provided between the case 92 and the base 32 so as to be movable in the axial direction in a non-rotating state, and allows the cylindrical cam 90 to move in the axial direction.

The moving members 79 on both sides are connected to a cylindrical portion 96 externally fitted to the guide shaft 89 so as to be freely movable in the axial direction, and a cylindrical portion 97 externally fitted to the bearing 83 is continuously provided. A cam plate 98 is fixed to an end surface corresponding to the cylindrical cam 90, and an expanding pressure detector 80 is provided between a protrusion 99 provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 97 and the intermediate receiving portion 100 of the swing arm 81. Is provided. Note that the movable member 84 is provided integrally with a cylindrical slide portion 103 that is fitted to the guide shaft 89, and the guide shaft 89 guides the axial movement.

As shown in FIG. 7, two sets of inclined surfaces 1 are formed in a range of 360 ° on both end surfaces of the cylindrical cam 90 and the cam surfaces of both side cam plates 98, 98.
01 and 102 are provided so as to correspond to each other, and both inclined surfaces 101 and 102 are provided.
When the cylindrical cam 90 is rotated in a state where 102 abuts each other,
The moving members 79 and 79 on both sides move in mutually opposite axial directions,
The two moving members 79, 79 move the expanding claws 34, 34 in the expanding direction of the yoke portions 8, 8 via the expanding pressure detectors 80, 80.

The expanding pressure detectors 80, 80, for example, use a load cell, receive a compressive force when the moving members 79, 79 move the expanding claws 34, 34 in the expanding direction, and electrically detect the expanding force. I do.

The two expanding pressure detectors 80, 80 are electrically connected to the servo motor 94 of the rotary expanding unit 78, and when both the detectors 80 and 80 detect the set pressure, the motor 94 of the rotary expanding unit 78 is turned on. It is designed to stop.

With the spider 3 of the yoke 1 fixed by the chuck mechanism 31 positioned and held by the centering positioning mechanism 33, when the bearings 13 are press-fitted into the bearing holes 9, 9, the yoke part 8,
In order to hold the spreader 8 wide, the spreader pawls 34, 34 in which the pawl 82 rises at the forward position are rotated downward by pushing up the cylinder 88, and the toes 82, 82 are moved to the upper ends of the yoke parts 8, 8. Engage with ears.

At this time, the forward force applied by the spring 86 or the cylinder to the movable member 84 is transmitted to the movable members 79, 79 via the swing arm 81, the expanded pressure detection determination 80, and the protrusion 99, and the both-side movable members 79, 79 cam plates 98, 98 sandwich the cylindrical cam 90 from both sides.

In this state, the servo motor 94 of the rotation expanding portion receiver 78 is started to rotate the cylindrical cam 90, and the cylindrical cam 90 is moved by the action of the inclined surfaces 101 and 102 of the cam plates 98, 98 to move the moving members 79, 79 on both sides. Are moved away from each other.

The movement of both moving members 79, 79 is performed by the protrusion 99 and the expanding pressure detector.
The force is transmitted to the swing arm 81 via 80, and the two expanding claws 34, 34 move in the expanding direction, and the toes 82, 82 expand the yoke portions 8, 8 on both sides.

At this time, a compressive force acts on the two expanding pressure detectors 80, 80, and electrically detects the expanding force.
If there is a variation in the distribution dimension from the yoke axis, the resistance generated for expanding the two yoke portions 8 is different on both sides of the rotary expansion portion 78, so that the cylindrical cam 90 is expanded. The rotation expanding portion 78 that rotates in the direction moves along the guide shaft 89 to the smaller resistance so that the expansion resistance on both sides is balanced.

Therefore, the same expanding force acts on both yokes 8, 8 even if the distribution dimensions vary.

When both of the expanding pressure detectors 80 and 80 detect a preset pressure, the servomotor 94 of the rotary expanding portion 78 is stopped, and the two yoke portions 8 are set to a predetermined expanded holding state.

After the press-fitting of the bearing 13 and the machining of the caulking portion 14, the rotation expanding portion 78 is rotated by the
Since the 90 returns to the starting position, the moving members 79, 79 on both sides and the
34, 34 move inward, and when the cylinder 88 contracts, the toe
82, 82 are lifted and disengaged from the yoke portions 8, 8, and the yoke 1 can be removed from the chuck mechanism 31.

Next, FIGS. 17 to 19 show the operation sequence of the press-fitting punch 35 and the caulking punch 36, and FIGS. 3 to 5 show the specific structure of the same.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bearing sleeve 83 is horizontally supported by a support member 104 fixed on the base table 32, and the caulking punch 36 can be moved in the axial direction cylindrically by the sleeve 83. The press-fitting punch 35 is accommodated in the caulking punch 36 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the caulking punch 36 and the press-fitting punch 35 are coaxially arranged with the bearing hole 9 of the yoke 1 fixed by the chuck mechanism 31. Has become.

A high-pressure cylinder for caulking at the rear end of the caulking punch 36
105 is connected to the piston rod 106 of this cylinder 105.
The low-pressure cylinder 107 is connected to the rear end of the cylinder, and the forward movement until the caulking punch 36, which stops at the retreat position in FIG. 4 abuts the yoke portion 8, as shown in FIG.
The forward movement of the crimping is performed by the high-pressure cylinder 105.

The press-fit punch 35 is a spring 10 built into the caulking punch 36.
8, the rearward movement elasticity is urged against the caulking punch 36, and the rear end side of the press-fitting punch 35 protrudes rearward through the piston rod 106 of the high-pressure cylinder 105, and the load cell 109 is provided at the rear end. Fine feed mechanism 110
And the press-fit cylinder 111 are connected.

The fine feed mechanism 110 is, as shown in FIG.
A movable base 113 is installed on a guide rail 112 installed on the movable base 113, and support walls 114, 11 erected at both front and rear ends of the movable base 113 are provided.
The cylindrical cam 118 that supports the rod 116 so as to be movable in the axial direction with 5 and that is rotatably fitted to the rod 116 between the head 117 provided at the tip of the rod 116 and the rear support wall 115.
And cam plates 119, 1 fixed to the head 117 and the rear support wall 115.
20 and are installed.

The rod 116 is elastically urged rearward by a spring 121 so that the cylindrical cam 118 and the cam plates 119 and 120 are always in pressure contact with each other, and the rod 116 is inserted into the load cell 109 held on the tip side of the head 117 after the press-fit punch 35. The edges are in contact.

The press-fitting cylinder 111 has a piston rod 122 connected to the rear end face of the rear support wall 115, and moves the entire fine feed mechanism 110 back and forth by a distance set by the sensors 123 and 124,
The press-fit punch 35 is moved forward and backward.

The cylindrical cam 118 and the cam plates 119 and 120 of the minute feed mechanism 110
Has a structure similar to that of the rotary expanding portion 78 of the expanding claws 34, 34 described above, and is stopped at the forward position by the press-fitting cylinder 111, and is rotated by a motor through a worm wheel and a worm. When the cam 118 is rotated, the rod 116 moves forward, and the press-fit punch 35 is slightly advanced through the load cell 109.

The press-fitting punch 35 advances a fixed stroke from the retreat position shown in FIG. 4 by the operation of the press-fitting cylinder 111, and press-fits the bearing 13, which has been supplied in advance between the yoke portion 8, toward the bearing hole 9. However, before the bearing 13 is completely fitted to the shaft 12a, for example, the stroke is set so that the forward movement stops before about 0.5 mm, and the remaining amount of fitting is compensated for by the minute feed mechanism 110. Become.

The fine feed mechanism 110 is started by detecting the swing of the sleeve 62 by the direct switches 75, 75 of the centering positioning mechanism 34 described above.

That is, when the press-fitting punches 35, 35 on both sides advance toward each other, and the bearings 13, 13 are pressed into the bearing holes 9, 9 on both sides of the yoke 1, a pressing force is applied to the spider 3 in which the bearings 13, 13 are fitted. Of the bearings 13 and 13 with respect to the shafts 12a and 12a is displaced. Therefore, on the side where the end face of the bearing 13 first contacts the end face of the shaft 12a, the pushing force of the press-fitting punch 35 is directly applied to the spider 3. At this time, the balance between the pushing forces acting on the spider 3 on both sides is lost, so that the centering positioning mechanism
The spider 3 held by 33 swings about a fulcrum shaft 58, thereby causing the sleeve 62 inclined about the fulcrum shaft 58.
However, the user presses the direct switch 75 located on the press-fitting punch side to which the pressing force has been directly transmitted.

The direct switch 75 pressed by the sleeve 62 stops the press-fitting movement of the fine feed mechanism 110 located on the same side, and the other fine feed mechanism 110 continues to press-fit the bearing, and when the bearing comes into contact with the end face of the shaft. Since the pressing forces on both sides acting on the spider 3 are equal and balanced, the spider 3 returns to the original position, the outer cylinder 54 returns to the vertical position, and the direct switch
Release the 75 press.

In this way, after the direct switches 75, 75 are pressed, when the fitting conditions of the bearings 13, 13 with the shafts 12a, 12a on both sides become equal, the micro feed mechanisms 110, 110 on both sides are operated, and the bearing 13 , 13 are press-fitted so as to be completely fitted to the shafts 12a, 12a.

The fine feed mechanism 110 presses the bearing 13 pressed into a predetermined position of the bearing hole 9 by the rotation of the cylindrical cam 118 to form a press-fit punch.
It is further advanced slightly by 35 and press-fitted to a complete fitting position where the end face of the bearing 13 contacts the end face of the shaft 12a.

At the time of minute press-fitting by the minute feed mechanism 110, the pressure acting on the load cell 109 increases when the end surface of the bearing 13 comes into contact with the end surface of the shaft 12a, so that the complete fitting of the bearing 13 to the shaft 12a is electrically performed. Thus, the load cell 109 stops the micro feed mechanism 110 when it detects the complete engagement.

Between the support member 104 and the caulking high-pressure cylinder 105 in the middle of the caulking punch 36, a press-fitting punch 35 in which the bearing 13 is completely press-fitted, and a detection mechanism 125 for detecting a relative position of the caulking punch 36 whose tip abuts the yoke 1. A caulking amount adjusting member 126 operated by the detection mechanism 125 is provided to change the caulking movement amount of the caulking punch 36 in accordance with the relative position detection value, so that even if the yoke 1 and the spider 3 have dimensional variations, they are optimal. So that it can be caulked.

The assembling apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above. Next, an assembling method will be described.

With the shafts 12a, 12a of the spider 3 inserted in the bearing holes 9, 9 of the yoke 1 fixed in place by the chuck mechanism 31,
First, the expanding pawls 34, 34 expand and hold the yoke portions 8, 8 on both sides, and the centering positioning mechanism 33 is operated, so that the spider 3
Are held by the front and rear shafts 12b, 12b, and the shafts 12a, 12a on both sides are positioned so as to be coaxial with the bearing holes 9, 9.

Bearings 13, 13 are supplied by chute or the like at positions facing the bearing holes 9, 9 on both sides of the yoke 1.

Next, the press-fitting punches 35 on both sides are
The bearings 13, 13 are press-fitted into the bearing holes 9, 9, and the bearing 13 is securely fitted to the shaft 12a up to a position where its end face contacts the end face of the shaft 12a. (See FIG. 17) Subsequently, when the caulking punches 36, 36 advance at a low pressure by the operation of the cylinder 107 for low pressure, and stop with their tips abutting on the end surface of the yoke portion 8, the press-fit punch 35 and the caulking punch 36
Is detected by the detection mechanism 125, the caulking amount adjusting member 126 is operated based on the detected value, and the caulking amount is set in accordance with the dimension from the outer end surface of the bearing 13 to the outer end surface of the yoke 8. (See Fig. 18) Next, the swaging punches 36, 36 are operated by the operation of the high-pressure cylinder 105.
Is advanced at a high pressure, and the tip enters the bearing hole 9 to form a caulking portion 14 around the bearing hole 9. Since the swaging movement amount of the swaging punch 36 is set by the swaging adjusting member 126, the swaging portion 14 in an amount necessary to prevent the bearing 13 from being pulled out can be formed accurately. (See Fig. 19) When caulking is completed, press-fit punch 35 and caulking punch 36
Is retracted, the expanding claws 34, 34 release the expansion of the yoke portions 8, 8, the centering positioning mechanism 34 releases the holding of the spider 3, and the yoke 1 is removed from the chuck mechanism 31. The attachment of the spider 3 is completed.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a pair of holding members are attached to the lower part of the elevating member so as to be openable and closable, and the lower end of the center shaft supported by the elevating member is attached to the shaft not fitted to the spider bearing. A pair of circumscribed spider guides and a spider retainer that elastically presses the upper end surface of the spider are attached,
The spider is lifted by holding the shaft from above and below with the spider guide and the holding member, and the bearing hole of the yoke and the shaft of the spider are made coaxial, so that the center of the bearing hole of the yoke and the shaft of the spider are automatically aligned. In addition, the process of press-fitting the bearing into the bearing hole of the yoke can be completely automated, and the efficiency of the assembly of the cardan joint can be greatly improved.

In addition, since the occurrence of swing of the central shaft is detected by a switch, it is possible to control the press-fitting punch by detecting the state in which the bearing end face is in contact with the shaft end face during press-fitting of the bearing by the press-fitting punch. Therefore, it is possible to reliably press-fit the bearing in a state where the end face thereof is in contact with the end face of the shaft by absorbing the variation in the spider shaft length, and the spider can be assembled without rattling during power transmission.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a front view showing the entire assembling apparatus, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of the same main part, FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the same main part, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the rear press-fitting cylinder portion, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow VI-VI in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the cam surfaces of the cylindrical cam and the cam plate, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the mechanism, FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the same yoke fixed state, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic structure of a centering positioning mechanism and an expanding mechanism,
11 is a cross-sectional plan view of the centering positioning mechanism, FIG. 12 is a front view of a cutaway of the same part, FIG. 13 is a side view of the same longitudinal section, and FIGS.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing the operation process of the centering positioning mechanism, FIG. 17 to FIG. 19 are process diagrams showing the press-fitting and caulking process of the bearing in an enlarged manner, FIG. 20 is a front view of the propeller shaft, FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the cardan joint in the same. 1 ... yoke, 3 ... spider, 8 ... yoke part, 9 ... bearing hole, 10 ... flange part, 12 ... shaft, 13 ... bearing, 14 ... caulking part, 21 ... chuck mechanism, 32 Base base, 33 Centering positioning mechanism, 34 Expansion claw, 35 Press-fit punch, 36 Crimping punch, 37 Expansion mechanism, 69 Spider guide, 71 Spider presser , 74 …… Spider holding member.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cardan in which two shafts located on the same axis of a spider are respectively fitted into bearing holes of a yoke, and bearings press-fitted into the bearing holes are fitted to ends of the shafts to attach the spider to the yoke. In a joint assembling apparatus, a vertically moving elevating member is disposed immediately above a yoke fixed at a fixed position in a state in which spiders are temporarily combined, and a spider not fitted in a bearing hole of the yoke is provided below the elevating member. A pair of holding members for supporting the two shafts from below are mounted so as to be openable and closable, and the central shaft, which is coaxially arranged with the yoke by the elevating member, is moved up and down by a downward elasticity and a bearing hole. The shaft of the spider that fits into the shaft is held so that it can swing freely in the axial direction, and a V-shaped notch circumscribes the lower end of the center shaft with respect to a shaft that is not fitted in the bearing hole of the spider. , A pair of positioning and holding this shaft A holding mechanism for attaching a spider guide and a spider retainer that elastically presses an upper end surface of the spider, and pressing the center axis from both sides in the swing direction to the elevating member so that the center axis is coaxial with the yoke; And a switch for detecting the occurrence of swing of the central shaft.