JP2836472B2 - Plastic waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention reduces the volume of plastic waste generated in home kitchens or small business establishments.
The present invention relates to a relatively small and easily usable plastic waste disposal apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastics are stable in daily use temperature ranges and are excellent in weather resistance and chemical resistance. Also, compared to metals and ceramics, they have a small bulk specific gravity and are lightweight, and can be easily molded even in complicated shapes.
For this reason, its usage is increasing. Therefore, the amount of waste plastic waste is increasing year by year.

[0003] The used plastic waste from homes is generally collected by local governments and buried in landfills or incinerated. However, the characteristics of the plastic at the time of use become a disadvantage at the time of disposal, and there are problems that the plastic does not decompose spontaneously even if left unattended, and that the collection efficiency is low and the cost is high. Furthermore, the amount of waste cannot keep up with the increasing amount of waste, and the landfill site is currently reaching its limit.

[0004] Accordingly, a campaign to recycle and use the collected plastic refuse, and an attempt to convert it to oil and use it as fuel have been started. Further, attempts have been made to reduce the volume of plastic waste by heating or mechanically compressing or crushing the waste, thereby simplifying storage or disposal. For example, there has been devised a device for dissolving and reducing the volume of foamed polystyrene by crushing frictional heat or heating to form a pellet, or a device for mechanically cutting a PET bottle to reduce its use. However, at present, all of these are large and expensive devices.

[0005]

The plastic volume reducing apparatus described above is of a large scale, and a small apparatus that can be used in a kitchen or the like of a general household is still under development. Further, among the currently used devices, those having a configuration in which plastic waste is heated and dissolved to reduce the volume have a risk of generating toxic gas in the heating process. In addition, the mechanically crushed apparatus cannot be scaled down for home use as it is because the apparatus is large and the noise during processing is large.

[0006] The present invention solves the problems of the conventional plastic waste treatment apparatus, and in particular, provides a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of performing efficient compression processing by eliminating clogging of plastic waste in the compression step. Its primary purpose is to realize it. It is a second object of the present invention to realize a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of performing an efficient compression process by accurately detecting the end point of heating in relation to the first object. It is a third object of the present invention to realize a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of performing efficient compression processing by detecting a failure at an early stage. It is a fourth object of the present invention to realize a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of performing efficient compression processing by shortening the cooling time.

[0007]

The first object of the present invention for achieving the first object is to provide a storage container for storing plastic refuse and a volume for changing the volume of the storage container by using air pressure. Variable means, a heating means for heating plastic dust having a hot air outlet and a hot air suction port opened in the storage container, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heating means, and a compression pressure by the operation of the volume variable means. If the compression pressure detected by the pressure detection unit does not reach a predetermined value or more after a predetermined time has elapsed, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure and then increased again. Device.

In order to achieve a second object, a second means of the present invention is the same as the first means of the present invention, except that a first temperature detecting portion provided near the hot air outlet and a hot air suction device are provided. Add a second temperature detection unit provided near the mouth, after the first temperature detection unit has detected a predetermined temperature, the detection temperature of the first temperature detection unit and the detection temperature of the second temperature detection unit When the state where the difference is less than a predetermined value continues for a predetermined time or more, a plastic refuse treatment apparatus in which the pressure variable means starts operating.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the temperature detected by the first temperature detecting section and the temperature detected by the second temperature detecting section are different from each other. If the difference from the temperature is equal to or more than a predetermined value for a predetermined time or more, the plastic refuse treatment apparatus further includes a configuration in which it is determined that the blower fan constituting the heating means has failed.

A fourth means of the present invention for achieving the fourth object has an opening which is large enough to prevent access to the heating means and the storage container which constitute the above means. Is opened when a predetermined temperature is reached at the time of cooling after completion of pressurization by the volume varying means.

[0011]

According to the first means of the present invention, when the pressure detecting section does not detect the predetermined pressure even after the predetermined time has elapsed, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure and then increased again, so that the pressure is efficiently increased. It functions as a plastic waste disposal device that can be compressed. That is, it removes plastic dust clogged between the storage container and the variable volume means.

[0012] The second means of the present invention is that the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting portion provided in the hot air outlet and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting portion provided in the hot air suction port is a predetermined temperature. A plastic refuse treatment apparatus that determines the end of heating when the state where the temperature is less than or equal to a predetermined time or more and ends the compression process, and enables efficient compression by accurately determining the end of heating. It acts as.

[0013] The third means of the present invention is to heat a point in time when the temperature difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting section and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting section is equal to or more than a predetermined value for a predetermined time. This is a plastic refuse treatment apparatus that acts to judge that the blower fan constituting the means is out of order and draws the user's attention.

[0014] A fourth means of the present invention is a plastic waste functioning to shorten a cooling time by opening an opening provided in a heating means and a storage container during a cooling step after completion of pressurization. It is a processing device.

[0015]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the first means of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes an airtight main body container. Reference numeral 2 denotes a storage container provided in the main container 1 for storing plastic refuse, and is provided with volume changing means for changing the internal volume. The volume variable means is an air pump 3
And an airtight balloon-shaped bag 5 which is expanded and contracted by the drive of the air pump 3, and a dish-shaped bottom plate 4 provided in the storage container 2 having the balloon-shaped bag 5 attached to the lower part. . Reference numeral 6 denotes a heating means for heating the plastic refuse stored in the storage container 2, which is provided on the upper portion of the main container 1 so as to be openable and closable, and also serves as a lid of the main container 1. The heating means 6 has a pressure-type sirocco-type blower fan 6a and a heater 6b. Is circulated in the storage container 2. Reference numeral 7 denotes a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature inside the storage container 2, and reference numeral 8 denotes a pressure detection unit for detecting the pressure inside the storage container 2.
The arrows in the figure indicate the hot air circulation paths.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The heating means 6 also serving as the lid is opened, the plastic waste is stored in the storage container 2, the heating means 6 is closed, and a switch (not shown) is turned on. When the switch is turned on, energization of the blower fan 6a and the heater 6b constituting the heating means 6 is started. The temperature detection unit 7 includes the blower fan 6a
And the temperature of the hot air from the heater 6b. In this embodiment, this temperature is controlled to 130 ° C.

That is, most of the plastic waste generated in the kitchen at home is made of general-purpose plastics such as polystyrene according to the investigation by the inventors. That is, it is a container used for packaging trays and foods. Such general-purpose plastic dust softens and shrinks when heated with hot air of about 130 ° C., and is significantly reduced in volume.

The hot air controlled to about 130 ° C. is supplied to the hot air outlet 6 c and the hot air suction port 6
By d, the inside of the storage container 2 is circulated along a path shown by an arrow in the figure. When the plastic waste stored in the storage container 2 is heated in this way, the operation of the volume changing means is started. That is, the air pump 3 is driven to blow air into the balloon-shaped bag 5 to expand the volume of the balloon-shaped bag 5 and lift the bottom plate 4 upward. In this way, the plastic waste stored in the storage container 2 is compressed and pressurized. The pressure detector 8 detects the compression pressure at this time, and in this embodiment, the compression pressure is set to 0.27 to 0.33 kg / cm ² . Under this condition, compression can be performed most efficiently.

In this embodiment, the state in which the compression pressure detected by the pressure detector 8 during the compression is less than 0.27 kg / cm ² continues for 10 minutes, that is, the pressure equal to or less than the predetermined value is maintained for a predetermined time or more. When the detection is continued, the volume variable means is driven to once reduce the pressure to the atmospheric pressure. That is, the position of the bottom plate 4 is temporarily lowered to the state.
By doing so, if, for example, plastic dust is caught on the sliding portion between the bottom plate 4 and the storage container 2, the plastic is removed and stored in the storage container 2. In this way, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure and then compressed again under the condition of 0.27 to 0.33 kg / cm ² .

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the bottom plate 4 may not be able to reach the predetermined pressure due to a case where elongated plastic dust such as chopsticks is clogged between the storage container 2 and the bottom plate 4 or the bottom plate 4 may be damaged for some reason. Even if the temperature rises inclining, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure and then re-pressurized, thereby realizing a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of efficiently reducing the volume.

(Embodiment 2) Next, an embodiment of the second means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same members as those of the above-described embodiment are given the same numbers as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Reference numeral 9 denotes a first temperature detector that detects the temperature of the hot air outlet 6c, and reference numeral 10 denotes a second temperature detector that detects the temperature of the hot air suction port 6d.

The operation of the embodiment will be described below. In this embodiment, the end point of the heating step can be accurately detected. That is, the point in time when the temperature difference between the hot air blow-out temperature detected by the first temperature detection unit 9 and the hot air suction temperature detected by the second temperature detection unit 10 is less than a predetermined time continues for a predetermined time or more is dried. It is determined to be the end time. The fact that the difference between the detection temperature 9 of the first temperature detection unit and the detection temperature of the second temperature detection unit 10 has reached a value less than a predetermined value means that the temperature of the surface of the plastic garbage stored in the storage container 2 And when the temperature at the bottom becomes the same. In other words, this indicates that the drying of the plastic waste has progressed to some extent.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first temperature detector 9
Has detected 130 ° C. for the first time, the first temperature detector 9
The difference between the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting unit 10 and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting unit 10 is 3
When the state where the temperature is lower than ° C. continues for 15 minutes, the air pump 3 constituting the volume changing means is driven to start pressurization.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the end of drying of the plastic waste can be accurately detected, so that the compression processing can be efficiently performed. In the present embodiment, the predetermined value of the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting means 9 and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting means 10 is 3 deg, and the predetermined time is 15 minutes. You don't have to stick to time. That is, it may be more appropriate to change this condition depending on the size of the storage container 2 and the amount of plastic waste to be put into the storage container 2.

Embodiment 3 Next, an embodiment of the third means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control means of this embodiment. The configuration of the present embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. In the present embodiment, the control as shown in FIG. 3 is executed.

When the user turns on the switch after storing the plastic waste in the storage container 2, the control device executes step 3 through steps 1 and 2. In step 3, the fan 6a and the heater 6b are turned on to prepare for the heating step. Then step 4
Then, it is determined whether or not it is in the heating step. Meaning it absolute value of the difference between the detected temperature theta ₂ of the detected temperature theta ₁ and the second temperature sensing means 10 of the first temperature detecting means 9 is detecting whether at least 10 deg. If the result of this check is YES, step 5
Proceed to steps 6 and 7. In step 5,
It is checked whether or not the time of 20 minutes has elapsed from the time of the check in step 4. Once this way the 20 minute time has elapsed, still when the absolute value of the difference between the detected temperature theta ₂ of the detected temperature theta ₁ and the second temperature sensing means 10 of the first temperature detecting means 9 is not less than 10deg Goes to step 6 to display that the blower fan 6a is out of order, and at the same time, switch off the heater 6b, blower fan 6a and air pump 3 in step 7.

That is, the detected temperature θ of the first temperature detecting means 9
_If the absolute value of the difference between the _first temperature detection means 10 and the detected temperature θ _{2 of} the second temperature detection means 10 is not less than 10 deg for 20 minutes, it means that the circulation of the hot air generated by the heating means 6 is obstructed. That is. That is, plastic dust or the like is clogged in the blower fan 6a or the like. Steps 4 to 7 are steps for detecting this abnormal state.

If the check result of step 4 is NO
In this case, the process proceeds to the heating step described in each of the above embodiments. In step 8, it is checked whether the detected temperature θ1 of the _first temperature detecting section 9 has reached 130 ° C., and if it has reached 130 ° C. or more, the process proceeds to step 9 to turn off the heater 6b, Step 10
In the detected temperature theta ₁ of the first temperature detecting means 9 if the absolute value of the difference between the detected temperature theta ₂ of the second temperature sensing means 10 is continued state continuously for at least 15 minutes within 3deg Checking. If the result of this check is NO, steps 4 to 10 are repeated again. Thus, the drying of the plastic refuse stored in the storage container 2 proceeds, and the temperature of the surface portion and the temperature of the bottom portion become substantially the same, and the result of the check in step 10 is Y
If it becomes ES, it enters into the pressurization / cooling process from step 11 on. That is, in step 11, a predetermined pressure is applied, and in step 12, the heater 6 during this pressurizing period is applied.
b and an instruction to stop the blower fan 6a. Subsequently, at step 14, this pressurized state is maintained for a predetermined time.
When the predetermined time has elapsed, the process proceeds to steps 14 and 15 to enter the cooling process. In step 14, the blower fan 6
is turned on, and in step 15, this state is continued for a predetermined time to perform cooling standby.

When all the steps have been completed in this way, the process proceeds to step 16, where all the powers are turned off and the process ends.

[0031] The present embodiment as described above, the difference between the detected temperature theta ₂ of the detected temperature theta ₁ and the second temperature detecting section 10 of the first temperature detection unit 9 at a stage before entering the heating process is given A plastic waste disposal device that can perform efficient compression processing by checking whether the state of being equal to or more than the value has continued for a predetermined time or more and displaying early that the blower fan has failed. It has been realized.

(Embodiment 4) Next, an embodiment of the fourth means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. About the same member as the said Example, the following description is abbreviate | omitted using the same number. In the present embodiment, the heating unit 11 also serving as the lid of the main body 1 has a slit 13 on the surface of the lid and a slit 14 at the connection with the storage container 2. The slits 13 and 14 are openings having such a size that they cannot be easily accessed. Reference numeral 12 denotes a slide shutter control unit that controls opening and closing of the slits 13 and 14.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. In this embodiment, while the slide shutter control unit 12 is executing the heating process, the slit 13 and the slit 14 are controlled to be closed. In this state, the heating step and the compression step are performed as described in the above embodiments. When the compression stroke by the operation of the volume changing means is completed, the cooling fan enters the cooling stroke of operating the blower fan 6a and cooling the inside of the storage container 2 until the temperature detector 7 detects a temperature lower than 60 ° C. In this cooling step, the slide shutter control unit 12 operates again to open the slits 13 and 14. The blower fan 6a is operated with the slits 13 and 14 opened. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the heat radiation of the storage container 2 and the heating unit 11 is effectively advanced, and the cooling time can be shortened.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cooling of the apparatus can be performed effectively, and the cooling time can be shortened. At this time, the openings of the slits 13 and 14 are so large that they cannot be accessed, and there is no danger of accidental burns.

[0035]

The first means of the present invention is a storage container for storing plastic waste, a volume variable means for changing the volume of the storage container by using air pressure, and a hot air blowing opening in the storage container. A heating unit for heating plastic waste having an outlet and a hot air suction port, a temperature detection unit for detecting a temperature of the heating unit, and a pressure detection unit for detecting a compression pressure by an operation of the volume variable unit, wherein the pressure detection If the compression pressure detected by the section does not reach the predetermined value or more even after the predetermined time has elapsed, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure, and then the pressure is increased again. The present invention realizes a plastic refuse treatment apparatus capable of performing various compression treatments.

Further, the second means of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first means of the present invention, further comprises a first temperature detecting portion provided near the hot air outlet, and a first temperature detecting portion provided near the hot air suction port. A second temperature detector, wherein after the first temperature detector detects a predetermined temperature, a difference between a detected temperature of the first temperature detector and a detected temperature of the second temperature detector is less than a predetermined value. As a configuration in which the pressure variable means starts operating when the state continues for a predetermined time or more, in particular, a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of accurately detecting the end time of heating and performing efficient compression processing is realized. It is.

[0037] The third means of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second means of the present invention, further comprises the step of setting the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting section and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting section to a predetermined value. If the above condition continues for a predetermined time or more, the plastic refuse treatment device that can perform an efficient compression process by detecting a failure early so as to determine that the blower fan constituting the heating means has failed. Is realized.

In the fourth means of the present invention, in particular, the storage container has an opening having a size that is inaccessible, and this opening reaches a predetermined temperature at the time of cooling after completion of pressurization by the variable volume means. As a configuration in which the openings are made at the time of the completion, the present invention realizes a plastic waste treatment apparatus capable of shortening the cooling time and performing efficient compression processing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a plastic waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the first means of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a plastic waste treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the plastic waste treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a plastic waste treatment apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body container 2 Storage container 3 Air pump 4 Bottom plate 5 Balloon-shaped bag 6 Heating means 6a Blower fan 6b Heater 6c Hot air outlet 6d Hot air suction port 7 Temperature detector 8 Pressure detector 9 First temperature detector 10 Second Temperature detection unit 11 Heating unit 12 Slide shutter control unit 13 Slit 14 Slit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-104526 (JP, A) JP-A-4-327848 (JP, A) JP-A-1-127323 (JP, A) JP-A-59-1982 39521 (JP, A) JP-A-3-30918 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B29B 7/00-17/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage container for storing plastic waste, a volume changing means for changing the volume of the storage container using air pressure, and a plastic waste having a hot air outlet and a hot air suction port opened in the storage container. Heating means for heating the heating means, a temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the heating means, and a pressure detecting unit for detecting the compression pressure by the operation of the volume variable means, the compression pressure detected by the pressure detecting unit is a predetermined time If the pressure does not reach the predetermined value or more even after elapse, the pressure is once reduced to the atmospheric pressure and then increased again. A first temperature detecting section provided near the hot air outlet; and a second temperature detecting section provided near the hot air suction port, wherein the first temperature detecting section detects a predetermined temperature. After doing
The pressure variable means starts operating when a state in which the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting section and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting section is less than a predetermined value has continued for a predetermined time or more. Plastic waste treatment equipment. 3. When the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature detecting section and the detected temperature of the second temperature detecting section is equal to or more than a predetermined value for a predetermined time or more, the blowing fan constituting the heating means is provided. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is determined to be a failure. 4. The heating means and the storage container have an opening of a size that is inaccessible, and this opening is opened when a predetermined temperature is reached at the time of cooling after completion of pressurization by the volume changing means. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein