JP2839140B2 - Garbage collection system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for temporarily storing garbage discharged from a household in a refuse storage container via a charging pipe and sucking the stored garbage, for example, by a refuse collection vehicle equipped with a refuse collection device. The present invention relates to a garbage collection system for collecting garbage in a garbage collection room by using a device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, households collect garbage from households by disposing of garbage at a designated place on a collection day, and workers collect the garbage in a garbage truck.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, a large amount of workers are required because the collection operation is troublesome, and on the day of garbage collection, garbage is placed on a designated place such as on a road. As a result, the aesthetic appearance of the town was impaired, and garbage was scattered on the street when collected, which was unsanitary.

In a multi-family house or the like, a refuse storage room is provided on the lowest floor of the garbage, and refuse introduced through a chute from an input port provided on each floor is stored in the refuse storage room. Some are provided to collect garbage into the garbage truck by means of a screw or the like, but when collecting garbage from the discharge port of the garbage storage room into the garbage collection vehicle, Since the garbage comes into contact with the outside air, there is a bad smell around, and garbage juice and garbage are scattered around, which is unsanitary. In addition, the above-mentioned discharging means makes the device large.

The present invention provides a refuse collection system that automates the refuse collection work, reduces the number of workers required for the refuse collection work, and enables the refuse collection work to be performed sanitarily, quickly, and easily. .

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refuse collection system, wherein an input pipe having an input port is connected via a first opening / closing valve, and an intake pipe for taking in outside air into the refuse collection system is provided with a second opening / closing pipe. A transport pipe connected via a valve and serving as a transport path for transporting the dust stored therein, at least one dust storage container connected via a third on-off valve,
A dust collection vehicle equipped with a dust storage chamber connectable to the transport pipe and a suction device for reducing the pressure in the dust storage container, wherein the dust storage container has an internal pressure detection for detecting an internal pressure of the dust storage container. A device is provided, and an open / close detection device for detecting an open / closed state of the first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the third on-off valve is provided. On the other hand, the refuse collection vehicle extends from the refuse storage container. A control device that can be connected through a signal line and a docking station is mounted, and the control device controls the operation of the suction device, and based on each detection result of the internal pressure detection device and the opening / closing detection device, a first opening / closing valve, The opening and closing of the second on-off valve and the third on-off valve are controlled, and the control device sucks and transports the dust in the dust storage container to the dust collection vehicle.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the dust collection system, the dust storage container is provided with a level sensor for detecting dust stored in the dust storage container. It is configured to continue or end the suction transport of the refuse based on the above.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a schematic configuration of a refuse collection system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a description will be given of a case where the refuse collection system is provided in an apartment house A. FIG.

The refuse collection system temporarily stores garbage discharged from the home in a trash storage container 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as a container), and collects the stored garbage by a suction device 31 provided in a garbage collection vehicle 30. Garbage storage room 33 of car 30
It is configured to be housed in

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of containers 10 are connected to each other at the lowest floor of the apartment house A, and the first container 10a, the second container 10b, and the third container 10 are arranged from the left side in the figure.
c, and the fourth container 10d.

As shown in FIG. 2, an opening 11 is formed in the top surface of the first container 10a, and a chute (input pipe) 1 which is vertically arranged over each floor of the building is formed in the opening 11.
The lower end of 2 is connected continuously. The chute 12 is provided with input ports 12a for each floor.

The opening 11 is provided with a first opening / closing valve 13 for opening and closing the opening 11, and the first opening / closing valve 13 is opened and closed by the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 15. In the vicinity of the first on-off valve 13, limit switches LSc1 and LSo1 for detecting opening and closing of the first on-off valve 13 are provided. The limit switch LSc1 detects a closed state of the first on-off valve 13, The limit switch LSo1 detects the open state of the first on-off valve 13.

An intake port 16 is formed at a slightly lower portion of the side wall of the first container 10a. The intake port 16 has an intake pipe 17.
Are connected to each other, and the distal end of the intake pipe 17 is provided so that outside air can be supplied into the first container 10a. The intake pipe 17 is provided with a second on-off valve 18 for opening and closing the intake pipe 17, and the second on-off valve 18 is opened and closed by the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 20. In the vicinity of the second on-off valve 18, limit switches LSc2 and LSo2 for detecting opening and closing of the second on-off valve 18 are provided, and the limit switch LSc2 detects a closed state of the second on-off valve 18,
The limit switch LSo2 detects the open state of the second on-off valve 18.

The number of times the second on-off valve 18 is opened is counted by a counter provided in the control device 50 described later. This counter may count the number of times the second on-off valve 18 is closed.

An outlet 2 is provided at a lower portion of the side wall of the first container 10a.
The discharge port 21 is connected to a transport pipe 23 via a connecting member 22 formed in a funnel shape. A third opening / closing valve 25 for opening and closing the transportation pipe 23 is provided in the transportation pipe 23 near the discharge port 21, and the third opening / closing valve 25 is opened / closed by the expansion / contraction of the air cylinder 26.

In the vicinity of the third on-off valve 25, limit switches LSc3, LSc for detecting the opening and closing of the third on-off valve 25 are provided.
So3 is provided, the limit switch LSc3 detects the closed state of the third on-off valve 25, and the limit switch LSo3 detects the open state of the third on-off valve 25.

Further, the first container 10a is provided with a pressure gauge VS for measuring the pressure in the first container 10a, and a level sensor LV for detecting the storage level of dust in the first container 10a. ing. The level sensor LV may be any sensor that can detect dust, such as a proximity switch or a photoelectric switch.

The other second to fourth containers 10b to 10d have the same structure as the first container 10a.
The transport pipes 23 respectively connected to the fourth containers 10a to 10d join to form the docking station 2 shown in FIG.
7. The distal end of the transport pipe 23 located at the docking station 27 is detachably connected to the distal end of a suction hose 32 provided on the garbage truck 30 by a coupling 28 as shown in FIG.

A branch end of an air hose 19 shown by a broken line in the figure is connected to each of the air cylinders 15, 20 and 26 via a solenoid valve, and the joined end of the air hose 19 extends to a docking station 27. An air hose 34 extending from an air source provided on the garbage truck 30 is detachably connected via a coupling 35.

The solenoid valves are switched by exciting their solenoids, thereby causing the air cylinders to expand and contract to open and close the first to third on-off valves 13, 18, and 25.

The air source may be provided on the dust container 10 side. In this case, although the signal cable for the control device 50 is provided, the coupling 35 and the air hose 34 become unnecessary.

Each of the first to fourth containers 10 of the dust storage container 10
From a to 10d, each of the limit switches LSc1 to LSc
o3, a signal detected by each detector such as the level sensor LV is sent to a control device 50 described later, or a signal output from the control device 50 is sent to each solenoid SOLc1 to SOLo3.
A signal cable 29 for electrical or optical transmission to the docking station 27 extends through the control signal switching unit 24 to the signal cable 2.
9 is detachably connected via a connector 37 to a similar signal cable 36 extended from the refuse collection vehicle 30 provided with the control device 50. The control signal switching unit 24 includes the containers 10a to 10d of the dust storage container 10 and the control device 50.
The connection is sequentially switched from the first container 10a to the fourth container 10d.

The refuse collection vehicle 30 has a suction device 31 and a refuse storage chamber 33 for storing refuse sucked by the suction device 31.

As shown in FIG. 4, a suction device 31 is mounted on a front portion of the vehicle frame 41, and a dust storage chamber 33 communicating with the suction device 31 is mounted on a rear portion of the vehicle frame 41.

The refuse storage chamber 33 is configured to be detachable from the suction device 31, and the lower rear portion thereof is pivotally supported by the vehicle frame 41. A base end of a suction hose 32 is connected to a front part of the dust storage chamber 33, and a tip of the suction hose 32 is hung down to a rear part of the dust storage chamber.

A guide arm 4 is provided on the upper surface of the refuse storage chamber 33.
The base end of the suction arm 32 is pivotally supported, and the guide arm 42 is rotatable in the horizontal direction. A middle part of the suction hose 32 is gripped by a grip 43 provided at the distal end of the guide arm 42. Therefore, by rotating the guide arm 42 with a suction hose turning cylinder (not shown), the suction hose 32 can move its distal end portion in the width direction of the vehicle. Can be connected.

The air sucked by the suction device 31 passes through the suction hose 32, the refuse storage chamber 33, and the suction device 31 and is exhausted from the exhaust hole 31a.
The garbage bag sucked from is stored in the trash storage chamber 33.

A tail gate 45 is provided at the rear opening of the dust storage chamber 33 so as to be openable and closable by an opening / closing cylinder 46, and a securing cylinder (not shown) for securing the tail gate 42 in a closed state is provided. .

A dump cylinder 47 is provided at the bottom of the dust storage chamber 33, and the dump cylinder 47 is configured to be tiltable about a pivot 48.

The refuse collection vehicle 30 is equipped with a control device 50 (see FIG. 5) composed of a microcomputer and the like to be described later.

The refuse collection vehicle 30 has an operation switch section 39a.
And a control panel 39 including a display section 39b. The control panel 39 may be provided on the driver's seat side.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the refuse collection system configured as described above.

The control device 50 is mounted on the garbage truck 30 and is connected to the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d via the docking station 27. The docking station 27 is provided with a control signal switching unit 24.

The control signal switching unit 24 receives a switching signal output from the control device 50 through its switching output terminal 24b.
The connection of the signal cables between the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d and the control device 50 is sequentially switched based on the switching signal.

Confirmation signal input terminal 24 of switching unit 24
From a, a confirmation signal indicating the switching state is output to the control device 50. That is, the first to fourth containers 10a to 10a
d includes limit switches LSc1 to LSc as described above.
o3, a pressure gauge VS, a level sensor LV, and the like are provided, and each detection signal detected by the container connected by the control signal switching unit 24 is input to the control device 50.

SOLc1, SOLo1, SOLc2, S
OLo2, SOLc3 and SOLo3 are air cylinders 1
The solenoids for switching the solenoid valves for extending and retracting the solenoid valves 5, 20, and 26 are used to excite the solenoids SOLc1 to SOLo3 based on an output signal from the control device 50 to switch the solenoid valves, thereby switching the solenoid valves. The second on-off valve 18 and the third on-off valve 25 are opened and closed. Specifically, when the solenoid SOLc1 is excited, the first opening / closing valve 13 is closed, and when the solenoid SOLc1 is excited, the first opening / closing valve 13 is opened, and the other SOLc2, SOLo2, SOLc3, and SO1 are opened.
Lo3 is similarly performed.

Further, the control device 50 sends each of the first to fourth
Solenoids SOLc1-SOLo of containers 10a-10d
In addition to 3, a signal is output to a dust collection vehicle actuator 51 provided in the dust collection vehicle 30 and a display unit 39 b of the control panel 39.

The refuse collection vehicle actuator 51 includes:
There are a suction hose turning cylinder, a dump cylinder 47, a tail gate opening / closing cylinder 46, a tail gate locking cylinder, and the like.

The display 39b displays the pressure of the suction device 31, the pressure in the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d for performing the suction operation,
An indicator lamp indicating the operation state of each of the limit switches LSc1 to LSo3, an end lamp indicating the end of work, and the like are provided.

The control device 50 receives a detection signal and an operation signal from a dust collection vehicle detection device 52 provided on the dust collection vehicle 30 and an operation switch 39a of the control panel 39.

The garbage collection vehicle detection device 52 is provided with a limit switch, a sensor, and the like for detecting the rotational position of the suction hose 32, closing the tailgate, locking the tailgate, and releasing the tailgate lock.

The operation switch section 39a includes a start switch and a stop switch of the suction device 31, and the first to third on-off valves 1
3, 18, 25 open / close switches and the first to third switches
An automatic / manual changeover switch for the on-off valves 13, 18, 25 is provided.

The automatic / manual changeover switch is appropriately switched to an automatic side or a manual side to switch the first to first positions.
The opening / closing operation of the third opening / closing valves 13, 18, 25 can be appropriately switched to automatic or manual operation by each opening / closing switch.

Next, the operation of the refuse disposal system will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

First, in steps S1 and S2, the garbage truck 3
0 is stopped near the docking station 27, and the suction hose 32, the signal cable 36, and the air hose 34 of the garbage truck 30 are connected to the transport pipe 23, the signal cable 29, and the air hose 19 arranged at the docking station 27.
Through the couplings 28 and 35 and the connector 37.

Next, in steps S3 and S4, when the automatic / manual changeover switch is set to the automatic side and the start switch of the suction device 31 provided on the control panel 39 is turned on, the suction device 31 operates and the control signal is switched. Unit 2
4, initialization is performed, and the control device 50
a.

In step S5, when the switching of the control signal switching unit 24 is confirmed, the first on-off valve 13 is closed to close the opening 11 in step S6, and at the same time, counting is performed by a counter built in the control device 50. The number n of times of opening of the second on-off valve 18 is initialized to zero.

Thereafter, the third on-off valve 25 is opened in step S7, and the suction hose 32 and the transport pipe 23 are moved by the suction device 31.
Then, the air in the first container 10a is sucked through the first container 10a, and the inside of the first container 10a is depressurized and evacuated (step S).
8).

In step S9, when the pressure value in the first container 10a reaches a preset value (about -2500 mmH ₂ O), the second on-off valve 18 is opened in step S10, and the outside air is released from the first container 10a. The refuse in the first container 10a is sucked through the transport pipe 23 of the refuse collection vehicle 30 and the suction hose 32 (Step S12). At this time, the counter counts the number of times the second on-off valve 18 is opened in step S11.

In steps S13 and S14, when the pressure value reaches the upper limit (atmospheric pressure) or when the suction time has elapsed, the second on-off valve 18 is closed. The suction time is measured by a timer provided in the control device 50.

In step S15, the level sensor LV
ON, that is, whether the dust in the first container 10a is detected,
Alternatively, if the number n of times of opening the second on-off valve 18 counted by the counter provided in the control device 50 is not the set number,
Returning to step S8, the inside of the first container 10a is depressurized and the suction operation is repeated.

This suction operation is repeated to repeat step S15.
When the level sensor LV is turned off or the number of times of opening the second on-off valve 18 reaches the set number of times, the third on-off valve 25 is closed and the first on-off valve 13 is opened again in step S16 (step S17), and the shoot 12 Garbage thrown into the first container 10
a.

In step S18, it is confirmed whether or not the container number is final. If not, a switching signal is output from the control device 50 to the control signal switching unit 24, and the control signal switching unit 24 transmits the next second container 10b. And the control device 50 are switched to be connected.

As a result, the control device 50 includes the second container 1
The signals from the respective detectors provided in Ob are input, and the output signals from the control device 50 are output to the respective actuators provided in the second container 10b (Steps S19 and S20).

When this switching is confirmed in step S21, the first opening / closing valve 13 of the second container 10b is closed and the third opening / closing valve 25 is opened, and the same operation as the operation of the above-described first container 10a is performed. Is repeated until the final fourth container 10d is completed. When the suction operation of the final fourth container 10d is completed (step S22), an end lamp is displayed on the display unit 39b of the control panel 39, and the process ends. Thereafter, the suction hose 32, the signal cable 36, and the air hose 34 are detached from the docking station 27 (Step S).
23).

Here, at the time of the above-mentioned dust suction, the garbage bag D stored in the containers 10a to 10d is
Since the 0a~10d have been made in a vacuum (about -2500mmH ₂ O about), the garbage bags D also made in the container 10 a to 10 d and the pressure air inlet into the container 10 a to 10 d 16
When the outside air is rapidly aspirated from the garbage bag D, a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the garbage bag D, and the garbage bag D is compressed by the pressure difference via the transport pipe 23 and the suction hose 32 while the garbage bag D is compressed.
3 and the air that has flowed into the containers 10a to 10d
A swirling airflow is generated in the transport pipe 23 while rotating in the containers 10a to 10d.

In this example, a system in which four dust storage containers are connected to the apartment house A has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any number of dust storage containers may be used. In addition, as a form of garbage collection that makes a general household symmetric, if a garbage storage container is buried in the ground of the garbage collection place and garbage is thrown in from the input port located on the ground, the garbage can be seen The beauty of the town is maintained without any problem, and the space on the ground can be used effectively.

[0059]

As described above, according to the refuse collection system of the first aspect of the present invention, the control device of the refuse collection vehicle controls the first device based on the detection results of the internal pressure detection device and the open / close detection device. By controlling the opening and closing of the on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the third on-off valve, and sucking and transporting the refuse in the refuse storage container to the refuse collection vehicle, the worker connects the refuse storage chamber side to the transport pipe side. After that, the garbage can be collected automatically by the control device. This makes it possible to quickly and easily perform the garbage collection work, reduce the number of workers required for the garbage collection work, and save labor.

Further, the control device is mounted on a refuse collection vehicle,
Since this control device can be connected to the signal line extending from the dust storage container through a docking station, there is no need to separately provide a control device on the dust storage device side, and the system configuration can be simplified, Maintenance·
Inspection can also be performed easily.

Further, since the once-entered garbage does not come into contact with the outside air in the storage state, the garbage can be discarded at any time without causing a bad odor around the system.
Moreover, since the garbage is not exposed to the public, it is suitable for aesthetics, hygiene and age.

According to the dust collection system of the second aspect, the dust storage container is provided with the level sensor for detecting the amount of dust stored in the dust storage container, so that the amount of dust in the dust storage container can be reduced. Since it is possible to accurately grasp, and based on this, the suction and transport of the refuse is continued or terminated by the control device, it is possible to control the system without leaving the refuse and without waste.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration in which a refuse collection system according to the present invention is installed in an apartment house.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a dust storage container side.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a configuration of a refuse collection vehicle side.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a refuse collection vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the refuse collection system.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the refuse collection system.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the refuse collection system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 dust storage container 12 chute (input pipe) 13 first on-off valve 17 intake pipe 18 second on-off valve 23 transport pipe 24 control signal switching unit 25 third on-off valve 27 docking station 30 refuse collection vehicle 31 suction device 33 refuse storage chamber 50 Control device LSc1-LSo3 Limit switch SOLc1-SOLo3 Solenoid VS Pressure gauge VL Level sensor

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B65F 5/00 101 B65F 3/00 B65F 3/14 B65F 5/00 B65G 53/24

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An input pipe having an input port is connected via a first opening / closing valve, and an intake pipe for taking in outside air is connected via a second opening / closing valve, and refuse stored therein. At least one dust storage container connected to a transport pipe serving as a transport path for transporting the dust via a third on-off valve, a dust storage chamber connectable to the transport pipe, and suction for reducing the pressure in the dust storage container And a dust collection vehicle having a device, wherein the dust storage container is provided with an internal pressure detecting device for detecting an internal pressure of the dust storage container, and the first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the third on-off valve While an open / close detection device for detecting the open / closed state of the valve is provided, the dust collection vehicle has a signal line extending from the dust storage container and a docking stay.
Connectable control device is mounted through Deployment, the controller is configured to operate controlling said suction device, a first on the basis of the detection result of the pressure detection device and the opening and closing detecting device
The on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the third on-off valve are configured to be opened and closed, and the control device sucks and transports the refuse in the refuse storage container to the refuse collection vehicle. Garbage collection system.