JP2841664B2 - Diagnosis device for soil etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an apparatus used in fields such as agriculture, horticulture, and forestry, for diagnosing conditions of soil, crops, trace components, and the like.

(Prior Art) lime as nutrients to the soil and crops body in (CaO), magnesia (MgO), potassium (K ₂ O), boron (B), phosphoric acid (P
₂ O ₅ ), nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N) and the like. These components are quantitatively analyzed, for example, at an agricultural test site using three types of analyzers: an atomic absorption photometer, a flame photometer, and a spectrophotometer.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, the above measurement results are merely displayed on a display device or printed by a printer. The data are compared to determine the excess or deficiency of soil components.
However, it takes time to diagnose the excess or deficiency state from the quantitative result of the soil component, and it is difficult to know immediately.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a diagnostic apparatus capable of measuring soil or a crop as a sample and outputting optimum conditions of various soil components for growing various crops.

(Means for Solving the Problems) FIG. 1 shows the device of the present invention.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a quantitative analysis unit for analyzing a predetermined component of a sample such as soil or a crop body, 4 denotes a database holding optimal values and analysis conditions of a predetermined component such as soil or a crop body, and 6 denotes a quantitative analysis unit 2 Is a diagnostic unit for comparing the analysis value obtained by the above with the retained value of the database 4 to determine the type and amount of fertilizer to be added to the soil.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the quantitative analysis unit 2 in FIG. The quantitative analysis unit 2 includes, for example, an optical system including a light source 14 and a detection unit (spectroscope and photodetector) 16 and a sample introduction unit 10a including a flow cell for absorption measurement and a burner head for atomic absorption measurement or flame light measurement. .10b and sample introduction section 10a.1
And a switching means 12 for switching between the flow cell 0b and the burner head and setting the flow cell in the optical path of the optical system.

(Operation) FIG. 3 shows an example of the operation.

When the analysis is started and the type of the sample soil or crop and the component to be analyzed are input (step S1), the pretreatment method corresponding to the component in the database is called, and the quantitative analysis is performed accordingly. The pre-processing of the unit 2 is performed. When the pre-processing is completed, the analysis method most suitable for the component is selected, the quantitative analysis unit 2 is prepared to perform the analysis (step S2), and the measurement is performed (step S3).
When the measurement is completed, the concentration of the analytical component in the sample is obtained by calculation (step S4), compared with the optimal value of the analytical component in the database, and diagnosis is performed (step S5).
Specific treatment is instructed based on the diagnosis result (step S6). The indicated treatments include both on the soil and on the crop.

(Embodiment) FIG. 4 shows an embodiment.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a hollow cathode lamp as a light source, which is provided with the number of component elements to be analyzed, and the hollow cathode lamp 20 of the selected analysis component is set in a predetermined state. Numeral 34 denotes an entrance slit of the spectroscope.On the optical path from which the light from the hollow cathode lamp 20 reaches the entrance slit 34, a flow cell 22 as a sample introduction part and a burner head are provided.
24 are provided. 27 is a sprayer for the burner head 24, and a fuel gas such as acetylene which has passed through a valve 26a;
An auxiliary gas such as air that has passed through the valve 26b is supplied to the atomizer 27, and the sample solution is sucked up from the capillary 28 and sprayed by the auxiliary gas to become fine particles.

The flow cell 22 and the burner head 24 are mounted on a support 30. A rack provided on the support 30 and a gear driven by a switching motor 32 mesh with each other, and the switching motor
The rotation of 32 causes the flow cell 22 or the burner head 24 to be installed in the optical path from the hollow cathode lamp 20 to the entrance slit 34.

38 is the diffraction grating of the spectroscope, 42 is the exit slit of the spectrometer,
36 and 40 are mirrors in the spectroscope. Reference numeral 44 denotes a light detector which detects light from the exit slit 42 of the spectroscope. The spectroscope including the diffraction grating 38 and the light detector 44 constitute the detection unit 16 shown in FIG.

48 is a lamp current control device for controlling the lamp current of the hollow cathode lamp 20, 50 is a gas flow control device for controlling the flow rates of fuel gas and auxiliary gas supplied to the burner head 24, and 52 is a driving motor for switching 32. A burner head / flow cell selection device that selects the flow cell 22 and the burner head 24 and installs it in the optical path, 54 is a signal processing circuit that converts the detection signal of the photodetector 44 into a digital signal, and 56 is a slit of the spectroscope slits 34 and 42 A slit width adjusting device 58 for adjusting the slit width and a wavelength driving device 58 for rotating the diffraction grating 38 are provided.
Reference numeral 46 denotes a CPU, which controls a lamp current control device 48, a gas flow control device 50, a burner head / flow cell selection device 52, a slit width adjustment device 56, and a wavelength driving device 58 to control the quantitative analysis unit. I have.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a memory device constituting a database, which holds analysis conditions and optimum concentrations of soil components. Memory device
The sample pretreatment and analysis method are determined according to the analysis conditions held in 60. Reference numeral 62 denotes an output device including a CRT and a printer. The CPU 46 also receives a detection signal from the signal processing circuit 54, performs a function of performing a diagnosis for determining the amount of excess or deficiency of the soil component by comparing with the data of the database of the memory device 60, and outputs the diagnosis result by the output device 62. Let it. Therefore, the CPU 46 also realizes the function of the diagnosis unit 6 in FIG.

 The operation of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a rough process of the entire diagnostic apparatus.

Menu1 is the first menu, and either analysis or end is selected (step S11). When the analysis menu is selected, whether to perform a new analysis in Menu2,
Either simulation or reprocessing is selected (step S11).

When a new or a simulation is selected, an analysis target of any of soil, crops, and trace components is selected in Menu 3 (step S12). Thereafter, when an analyst name or the like is input (step S13), a file name is automatically generated, and the diagnostic apparatus body is prepared according to the measurement component.
Analysis is performed (steps S14 and S15). The cycle from steps S14 to S16 represents the analysis of each component,
Later, the components are analyzed in the order shown in FIG.

When a simulation is selected in step S11, data is automatically generated instead of performing an actual analysis.

When analysis of all scheduled components is completed, data processing and printing are performed in step S19 (step S1).
9). In the data processing and printing steps, an output based on the diagnosis result is made as shown in FIG.

When reprocessing is selected in step S11 and any of soil, crops, or trace components is selected in Menu 3 (step S17), the process waits for a file number to be input (step S18), and the data of the file is returned. Is output (step S19).

 When data processing and printing are completed, the process returns to Menu1.

 FIG. 6 shows the procedure of the analysis.

When a soil is selected in Menu 3 in step S12, analysis is performed in the order of lime, magnesia, potassium, phosphoric acid, and nitrate nitrogen (steps S20 to S24). Even if a crop is selected in Mene3, analysis is performed in the order of lime, magnesia, potassium, phosphoric acid, and nitrate nitrogen (steps S25 to S29). When a trace component is selected in Menu3, boron is analyzed (Step S3
0). It is not necessary to carry out all of these analytical components, and it is possible to appropriately omit them and set so as to proceed to the next step.

FIG. 7 shows in detail the analysis procedure of each component shown in FIG.

When analysis of a predetermined component is started, standard solution concentration data of the component is displayed (step S31). If the stop key is pressed before the measurement is started, the analysis of the component is stopped, and the process shifts to the analysis of the next component.

If the concentration of the standard solution is appropriate, the standard solution and the diagnostic device main body are prepared, and measurement is started (steps S32 and S3).
3). In the measurement, when the blank measurement is selected, the blank measurement is executed (steps S34 and S35), and when the standard solution measurement is selected, the standard solution measurement is executed (step S3).
7) When the standard solution measurement is performed a set number of times (n times) (step S38), a calibration curve is created from the blank measurement result and the standard solution measurement result (step S39). If the calibration curve is not correct, blank measurement and standard solution measurement for creating a calibration curve are repeated (step S4).
0). Calibration curve is printed or not printed (Step S
41, 42), and then proceed to measurement of unknown samples.

When the measurement of an unknown sample corresponds to the first analysis, the number of unknown samples is input (steps S43 and S44), and blank measurement and unknown sample measurement are performed (steps 45 to 47). If the measured value is normal, the process proceeds to the measurement of the next component.

If the standard solution concentration is not appropriate in step S32, the number of standard solutions is input (step S49), and the concentration value is input (step S50). Then, the measurement is performed in accordance with the newly input standard solution.

If it is determined in step S34 that the standard solution concentration is not appropriate, the process returns to step S31 to resume the display of the standard solution concentration data (step S36).

FIG. 8 shows a data processing / printing processing procedure in FIG.

Data processing calculates constant volume, sample volume, dilution rate, dry soil rate (soil), dry matter rate (crop, trace components), measured solution concentration, actual sample concentration (soil, crop, trace components), etc. And compared to the database. When the coefficient change is selected in step S51, the coefficient to be subjected to data processing is changed and data processing is sequentially performed (steps S52 and S53). When printing is selected, the data processing result is printed for each element or each sample (step S51). Steps S54, 55, S56). When the end is selected, the process returns to the first Menu1.

(Effect of the Invention) Since the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention has a self-diagnosis function, there is no need for an operator to perform literature search, etc., and immediately after analyzing a sample such as soil, the optimum conditions of soil for growing crops are immediately obtained. You can know the means of conversion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a quantitative analysis unit in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the present invention, and FIG. Figure,
5 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of one embodiment, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the analysis procedure in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the analysis procedure of each component in FIG. 6 in detail. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the data processing / printing operation in FIG. 2 Quantitative analysis unit, 4 Database, 6 Diagnostic unit, 8 Output unit, 10a, 10b Sample introduction unit, 12 Switching means, 14 Light source, 16 Detection unit 20 Hollow cathode lamp, 22 Flow cell, 24 Burner head, 32 Switching motor, 38 Diffraction grating, 44 Photodetector, 46 CPU, 52 Selection of burner head flow cell Device, 54 ... signal processing circuit, 60 ... memory device, 62
... Output device.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A quantitative analysis unit for analyzing a predetermined component of a sample composed of soil or a crop body, a database holding optimum values and analysis conditions of the predetermined component, and a value analyzed by the quantitative analysis unit. A diagnostic device comprising: a diagnostic unit that determines the type and amount of a fertilizer to be added to soil by comparing the value held in the database with an output unit that outputs a result of the diagnostic unit. 2. The quantitative analysis unit includes an optical system including a light source, a spectroscope, and a photodetector, a flow cell for absorption measurement and a burner head for atomic absorption measurement or flame light measurement as a sample introduction unit, and the flow cell. 2. The diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a switching unit that switches between a burner head and a burner head and installs the burner head in an optical path of the optical system.