JP2842452B2 - Liquid spraying work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a liquid spraying work vehicle in which a liquid spraying tool is attached to a traveling body having driving wheels that can be driven.

[Conventional technology]

In the above-described liquid spraying work vehicle, conventionally, a hose reel that winds and houses a hose that supplies liquid to the liquid spraying device is attached to the traveling machine body, and a worker does not need to mount a spraying liquid supply device having a liquid tank and a liquid supply pump. By connecting a hose to a stationary spray liquid supply device installed at a specific location and feeding the hose from the hose reel, it is possible to spray the liquid away from the spray liquid supply device or to a wide range of locations. However, the hose reel was attached at a relatively high level.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Conventionally, since the installation level of the hose reel is high, the weight of the hose reel itself and the weight of the hose wound and accommodated by the hose reel increase the center of gravity of the entire work vehicle, resulting in poor stability. In particular, when the work vehicle is configured to run in the furrows of the cultivated crop house, it is easy to roll over when the ground width of the entire work vehicle needs to be relatively small.

An object of the present invention is to provide a sprayer capable of sufficiently spraying without installing a spraying supply device in a state in which the hose can be self-propelled so as to have good stability and hardly cause trouble in a hose,
In addition, the object is to make the structure relatively easy to obtain.

[Means for solving the problem]

In the liquid spraying work vehicle according to the present invention, in order to achieve the object, a hose reel that winds and houses a hose that supplies liquid to the liquid spraying device overlaps with the traveling wheel in a side view of the machine body. A transmission mechanism for transmitting power from the same motor to the traveling wheel and the hose reel in an arrangement having a portion, and attaching the hose reel to the traveling body in a state where the traveling wheel is relatively rotatable. A hose in which the peripheral speed of the hose reel portion corresponding to the hose portion located on the outermost side of the hose reel among the hoses wound and housed on the hose reel is substantially equal to the peripheral speed of the traveling wheel. Transmission means for adjusting the rotation speed of the reel is provided in the transmission mechanism.

 The operation and effects are as follows.

The rotation axis of the traveling wheel and the rotation axis of the hose reel may be arranged separately from each other, but it is more advantageous to arrange them coaxially.

(Operation)

By storing a long hose in the hose reel and connecting this hose to the stationary spray liquid supply device and extending it from the hose reel, the work vehicle can be moved to a location far away from the spray liquid supply device, , The spraying liquid from the spraying liquid supply device can be supplied to the liquid spraying device by a hose and sprayed as desired. As a result, even if the hose reel itself or the weight of the hose becomes large,
Due to the above arrangement of the hose reel and the traveling wheel, the center of gravity of the hose reel and the hose is located at a lower level than in the conventional case where the entire hose reel is located at a higher level than the traveling wheel, and the mounting of the hose reel and the hose is performed. Irrespective of this, the position of the center of gravity of the entire work vehicle is lower than before.

The output of the same motor is transmitted to the traveling wheel and the hose reel by a transmission mechanism, and the traveling wheel is also simplified while the driving structure is simplified as compared with the case where a dedicated motor is linked to each of the traveling wheel and the hose reel. The hose reel can also be driven. At this time, if the hose reel is driven at a constant speed simply by interlocking with the traveling wheel, for example, when winding the hose, the larger the hose storage capacity of the hose reel, the larger the hose winding diameter. As a result, the length of the hose wound up per unit time becomes longer. That is, the hose winding length accompanying the traveling of the machine body is longer than the traveling distance of the machine body, and an excessive tension may be applied to the hose. However, even if the winding diameter of the hose reel changes, the rotation speed of the hose reel is adjusted by the transmission means, and the length of the hose actually wound on the hose reel is almost the same as the machine travel distance. It can be wound up while avoiding the application of excessive tension. In other words, even if the hose capacity of the hose reel changes and the hose reel portion corresponding to the hose portion located on the outermost side of the hose reel among the stored hoses changes, the peripheral speed of the hose reel portion is changed to the running wheel. The peripheral speed of the hose is adjusted to be substantially the same as that of the hose reel, and the hose reel can be driven while avoiding troubles such as applying excessive tension to the hose.

〔The invention's effect〕

With a hose reel, it can be sprayed sufficiently over a wide area without a spray liquid supply device, but it can run relatively quickly while making it difficult to roll over due to its low center of gravity, making it possible to work safely and efficiently .

Both the running wheel and the hose reel can be driven easily with a simple drive structure using the same motor as a power source, and can be obtained at a relatively low cost. For that reason, the speed of the hose reel is adjusted by the transmission means, and the hose can be used advantageously so that troubles such as applying excessive tension to the hose from the plane of the machine running and the hose reel driving hardly occur. .

The concentricity of the rotating shafts of the running wheel and the hose reel can further increase the hose accommodation capacity of the hose reel, and at the same time lower the center of gravity.

〔Example〕

 Next, examples will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, spray is sprayed on the front of a traveling body having one idle front wheel (1), a pair of left and right driven rear wheels (2) and (2), a steering handle (3), and the like. A boom (4) is attached, and a hose reel (5) is attached to a rear part of the traveling machine body to constitute a control device. This control device is mainly used for spraying a chemical solution on cultivated crops in a house, and a hose connected to a stationary chemical solution supply device (6) installed at an appropriate place such as outside the house as shown in FIG. The spraying boom (4) ejects the chemical supplied from the chemical supply device (6) via the hose (7) from the plurality of spray nozzles (4a) while feeding or winding and storing the (7). It is configured to automatically reciprocate in the furrow while moving, and is configured in detail as follows.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, an electric traveling motor (M ₁ ) is mounted on a rear frame portion (8a) of a body frame (8), and the traveling motor (M ₁ ) is connected to a transmission chain. (9), intermediate transmission shaft (10), traveling clutch (1
1) and the transmission chain (12) to transmit the rotational power to the rear axle (13) to drive the left and right rear wheels (2), (2) forward or backward, so that the body Is capable of self-running on both the forward and reverse sides, and the forward / reverse switching of the traveling motor (M ₁ ) is possible.

The hose reel (5) overlaps with the rear wheel (2) in the side view of the fuselage so that the center of gravity of the hose reel itself and the storage hose are positioned as low as possible. The left and right rear wheels (2), (2) are concentric with the rotation axis of the rear wheel (2) so that the hose storage capacity can be increased while preventing the overall length and width from becoming large. It is arranged and attached to the rear axle (13) so as to be relatively rotatable. A pair of rollers (14) for driving the hose reel (5) is mounted on the intermediate transmission shaft (10) via a rotary support shaft (15) and a mounting frame (16). ), A pair of reel drive rollers (14), (1) is urged by a spring (17) swingingly rotating the mounting frame (16) around the axis of the intermediate transmission shaft (10).
4) are separately urged against the peripheral portions of the left and right side walls of the hose reel (5) so as to be frictionally transmittable, and the rotating power of the intermediate transmission shaft (10) is rotated by a transmission mechanism (E). by configured to transmit (15), it is to enable the driving of the hose reel according to the traveling motor (M ₁₎ (5). The one-way clutch (18) that transmits only one of the forward rotation power and the reverse rotation power of the rotation shaft (15) to the reel drive roller (14) is connected to the reel drive roller (14) and the rotation shaft (1).
By providing it between 5), the travel motor (M ₁ ) drives the hose reel (5) only during reverse travel.

That is, by fixing the hose (7) to an appropriate place such as the ground on the running start side of the ridge, tension is generated in the hose (7) by the forward movement of the fuselage, and the hose reel (5)
In the forward movement, the hose reel (5) is freely rotated in the feeding rotation direction, and the hose (7) wound and housed is drawn out from the guide wheel (19) to the rear of the fuselage to advance the ridge. On the ground. At the time of reverse, the running motor (M ₁ ) drives the hose reel (5) in the winding rotation direction opposite to that at the time of forward movement, so that the hose (7) extended at the time of forward movement of the hose reel (5) is lifted from the ground. Pull it up and take up and house it.

The winding drive of the hose reel (5) by the traveling motor (M ₁ ) is performed so that the peripheral speed at the location where the hose winding diameter of the hose reel (5) is minimum and the peripheral speed of the rear wheel (2) are the same or almost the same. The transmission ratio is set so as to be performed in the same state. Irrespective of this transmission ratio setting, even when the hose winding diameter of the hose reel (5) becomes larger than the minimum diameter, the hose winding length per unit time and the machine running distance are the same or almost the same. The transmission mechanism (E) includes a friction transmission device having friction transmission disks (20a) and (20b) for synchronously driving the hose reel (5) and the rear wheel (2). That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a rotary shaft (1
Transmission gear (22) that meshes with passive gear (21) attached to 5)
Are mounted on the intermediate transmission shaft (10) so as to be relatively rotatable, and a pair of friction transmission disks (20a) and (20b) located separately on both sides of the transmission gear (22) are integrally rotated with the intermediate transmission shaft (10). It is movably mounted, and one of the transmission disks (20a) and the transmission gear (22) is pressed against the other transmission disk (20b) by a spring (23) so as to be applied by the intermediate transmission shaft (10). The rotational power of (20a) and (20b) is frictionally transmitted to the transmission gear (22). In other words, if an error occurs between the winding length of the hose and the travel distance, a slip occurs between the transmission disks (20a) and (20b) and the transmission gear (22) due to the tension generated in the hose (7) due to the error. Occurs, and the rotation speed of the hose reel (5) becomes a speed at which the hose winding length and the machine running distance are almost the same. This allows the transmission disk (20
a) and (20b) are transmission means for adjusting the rotation speed of the hose reel (5), and the speed is adjusted as follows. That is, the accommodation amount of the hose (7) wound and housed on the hose reel (5) changes, and the hose reel part corresponding to the hose part located on the outermost side of the hose reel among the housed hoses (7) changes. Even if the position changes, the speed is adjusted so that the peripheral speed at the hose reel portion becomes substantially the same as the peripheral speed of the rear wheel (2).

The support member (24) of the guide wheel (19) is attached to a transverse feed shaft (25) attached to the rear frame portion (8a), and the transverse feed shaft (25) is connected to the rear axle (13) by a transmission chain (26). )
When the traverse feed shaft (25) rotates, the traverse feed shaft (2) is rotated.
5) Feeding action by spiral groove (25a) and support member (24)
The guide rail (27) guides the support member (24) while contacting the roller (24a) attached thereto and preventing the support member (24) from rotating together with the transverse feed shaft (25). The guide wheel (19) is configured to reciprocate in the left-right direction of the vehicle body as the (24) reciprocates in the left-right direction of the vehicle body with the forward-backward movement of the vehicle body. That is, when the hose reel (5) winds and stores the hose (7), the guide wheel (19) is connected to the hose (7) so that the hose winding volume of the hose reel (5) is uniform in the axial direction.
Is guided in the direction of the rotation axis of the hose reel (5).

Counter for detecting the forward travel distance of the aircraft (28)
Is attached to the support member (24) so as to be detected on the basis of the hose feeding length of the hose reel (5), and a distance detecting means (29) is attached to the counter (28) as shown in FIG.
The control means (30) is linked to the control means (30), and a start switch (31), a return setting switch (32), a distance storage means (33), and a driving means (34)
Are linked to each other so that the aircraft can automatically reciprocate.

That is, the detection object (not shown) provided at a specific location of the guide wheel (19) is moved to the counter (28) by the rotation of the guide wheel (19) accompanying the hose extension. Each time it reaches the opposite detection position, it is configured to detect that the hose reel (5) has extended the unit hose length and to transmit a pulse signal each time. The distance detecting means (29) measures the number of pulse transmissions of the counter (28), calculates the total length of the hose delivery based on the measurement transmission circuit and the unit hose length, and forward travels based on the calculated total delivery length. It is configured to detect the distance. After turning on the start switch (31) to start forward running, turn setting switch (32)
When the switch is turned on, the distance storage means (33) automatically inputs and stores the detected forward traveling distance detected by the distance detecting means (29) at the time of operating the switch as the traveling distance for turning. It is. When the turn is set in this manner, the distance detecting means (2
When the forward travel distance detected by 9) reaches the turn travel distance stored in the distance storage means (33), the control means (30) replaces the forward travel signal with the drive signal (34).
To automatically switch the traveling motor (M ₁ ) from forward drive to reverse drive.

As shown in FIG. 1, a support member (35) for the front wheel (1)
Is attached to the front frame portion (8b) of the body frame (8) so as to rotate about the body axis (Y) vertically displaced from the front wheel axis (X) to the body front side, and a supporting member. Electric steering servo motor (M ₂ ) linked to (35) via transmission chain (36) and clutch device (37)
By rotating the support member (35), the front wheel (1) can be swung and steered around the axis (Y) or the front wheel (1) can be attached to the body by the front wheel axis ( Switching operation between a forward mounting state in which X) is located on the rear side of the fuselage with respect to the shaft center (Y), and a reverse mounting state in which the front wheel shaft center (X) is located on the forward side of the body with respect to the shaft center (Y). It is configured to do so. A transmission flexibility of the support member in a stopped state of the steering motor (M ₂₎ (35) is allowed to 2-5゜Wo freely rotating are provided in the clutch device (37). That is,
The center axis (Y) of the front wheel (1) is freely set within the range of 2 to 5 °.
In caster-type wheel where swings around, and airframe by configured to wheel steering where the steering operation by the steering motor (M _2), the operation of the steering motor (M ₂₎ , And the front wheel (1) as a steered wheel is caster-type in both forward and backward movements.

A battery case (38) for accommodating a battery (B) as a power source for the motors (M ₁ ) and (M ₂ ) is supported by a support frame portion of a body frame (8) via a rotary mounting shaft (39). (8c), the battery case (38) is rotated with respect to the support frame (8c) of the mounting shaft (39) by the battery case (38).
The battery case (38) is formed in a rectangular annular shape as shown in FIG. 2 so as to surround and protect the rear wheel (2) and the lower portion of the hose reel (5) by being configured to be able to swing around. A pair of left and right frame parts (40a), (40b) of the guard frame (40) connected to the
Is also used as a pair of left and right contact sensors for detecting the position of the fuselage in the lateral direction with respect to the ridge. That is, a roller is attached to the front end side of the frame portions (40a) and (40b) via the battery case (38) to form a front working portion (40f) that comes into contact with the ridge side surface at the time of forward movement. A roller is attached to the rear end side of (40a) and (40b) to form a post-acting part (40r) that comes into contact with the ridge side surface when moving backward, and the aircraft is set to the left or right with respect to the ridge. When the position shifts beyond the position, one of the front working portions (40f) or one of the rear working portions (40r) comes into contact with the ridge side surface, and the frame (40) is moved by the battery case ( 38) and swing around the axis (Z),
Normal position (N) shown in FIG. 3 where the frame portions (40a) and (40b) are located when they do not contact the ridge (A).
From the normal position (N) to the position inside the fuselage,
When the aircraft is restored to the setting position of the furrow, the front working part (40f)
Also, the contact of the rear working portion (40r) with the ridge side surface is released, and the frame (40) swings and recovers due to the urging action of the battery (B) due to its own weight, and the frame portions (40a) and (40)
By restoring b) to the normal position (N), the position of the body relative to the ridge can be determined by knowing the swing angles and swing directions of the frame portions (40a) and (40b). Then, a potentiometer (P ₁ ) is linked to the rear end side of the mounting shaft (39), and the potentiometer (P ₁ )
Thus, the detection results of the frame portions (40a) and (40b) are extracted as electric signals.

As shown in FIG. 6, the potentiometer (P ₁ ) is linked to a steering control means (42) via a steering angle setting means (41), and the steering control means (42) is connected to the driving means. (34) and control means (30), and
As shown in the figure, the front wheel potentiometer (P ₂ ) linked to the upper end side of the support member (35) so as to detect the steering angle and the mounting state of the front wheel (1) based on the rotation angle of the support member (35). ) Is linked to a steering control means (42) to enable automatic steering control so that the aircraft travels along the ridge angle both forward and backward.

That is, the steering control means (42) automatically gives the drive means (34) a predetermined motor operation based on the information on the traveling direction from the control means (30) and the feedback information from the front wheel potentiometer (P ₂ ). by outputting a use signal, the steering motor (M ₂₎ is switched before the wheel (1) into the forward mounting state during forward, the backward steering motor (M ₂₎ is the front wheel (1) at the time of reverse The steering motor (M ₂ ) is automatically operated so as to switch to the mounting state. Then, before the reverse time, the steering angle setting means (41) is configured to automatically set the control target steering angle based on the information from the potentiometer (P _1), the steering control means (42) Automatically outputs a predetermined motor operation signal to the driving means (34) based on information from the steering angle setting means (41) and the potentiometer (P ₂ ), whereby the steering angle setting means (41) The steering motor (M ₂ ) is set to a steering state in which the target steering angle set by the controller and the steering angle detected by the front wheel potentiometer (P ₂ ) are the same or almost the same.
Is configured to automatically operate the steering motor (M ₂ ) so as to steer the front wheel (1).

In both forward and backward movements, the front wheel (1), which becomes the steering wheel, becomes a caster-type wheel, and the front working portion (40f) is located ahead of the rear wheel (2). Since the rear working portion (40r) is located behind the rear wheel (2), consideration is given to preventing the rear wheel (2) from rolling over due to climbing on the ridge side surface. That is,
When the fuselage turns left or right with respect to the furrow, and approaches the ridge side surface, the front working portion (40f) moves forward and the rear working portion (40r) moves backward before the rear wheel (2). Due to the contact reaction force and the caster function, the front wheel (1) slightly swings in a steering state in a direction opposite to the ridge side, and the rear wheel (2) The aircraft is configured to return to the center of the furrow before riding on the furrow side.

The battery case (38) is formed so that the battery (B) is stored in a low-level portion between the front wheel (1) and the rear wheel (2). In other words, while the battery (B) is installed, the center of gravity of the entire body is positioned at a relatively low level, so that the position of the center of gravity due to the weight of the battery is suppressed from rising, and consideration is given to stable running so that it will not fall down sideways. I have.

As shown in FIG. 1, the boom (4) is attached to the attachment shaft (39) so as to rotate integrally with the attachment shaft (39) so that the chemical spraying condition on the cultivated crop is hardly changed irrespective of the right and left inclination of the traveling machine body. Is considered. In other words, the battery (B) becomes a weight acting on the boom (4), and swings around the axis (Z) with respect to the traveling body even when the traveling body is tilted left and right, so that the boom (4) is vertically moved. It is configured to maintain the posture.

The center of gravity of the entire work implement is arranged and set between the front wheel (1) and the rear wheel (2) at a position closer to the rear axle center than the front axle center (X). That is, when operating the steering wheel (3) to tilt the aircraft around the rear axle so that the front wheels (1) float above the ground and perform the aircraft turning operation, the front end of the aircraft is relatively easily lifted. Care has been taken to make it possible.

One of the pair of clutch bars (43) and (43) shown in FIG. 2 is used to operate the traveling clutch (11) to switch the left and right rear wheels (2) and (2) to the idle state. And the other clutch lever (43) is connected to the clutch device (3
7) Cut the front wheel (1) around the axis (Y)
This is for switching to a caster type that swings freely over 60mm.

The forward / reverse switch (44) shown in FIG. 6 drives the traveling motor (M ₁ ) by manual operation to drive the rear wheel (2) forward or backward. The first safety switch (45) is for detecting the contact of the front bumper (46) with the obstacle and automatically switching the forward movement of the aircraft to the reverse in accordance with the detection of the contact. The second safety switch (47) is for detecting contact with an obstacle at the rear of the body, and automatically stopping backward movement of the body in accordance with the detection of the contact. The display lamp (48) indicates the operation of the automatic control by the control means (30) by lighting or blinking. The changeover switch (49) switches the connection of the steering angle setting means (41) to the spare input terminal (50) so as to operate based on the input signal from now on. This is for connecting an ultrasonic detection device that detects the distance between both lateral ridge side surfaces by ultrasonic waves and detects the position of the body with respect to the ridges based on the detection result. The spray changeover switch (51) switches the electromagnetic spray valve (52) to a pair of spraying operation systems of the driving means (34) by manual operation, and reciprocating spraying to perform chemical spraying in both forward and backward movements, and reverse movement. In this case, the return spraying in which the chemical solution is sprayed only at the time is selected. The fluid pressure switch (53) detects the supply fluid pressure to the boom (4) between the hose reel (5) and the boom (4), and when the supply fluid pressure becomes lower than the set pressure, the traveling by the automatic control is automatically performed. It is to stop. The battery voltage judging means (54) disables running by automatic control when the voltage of the battery (B) drops to the set voltage.

(Another embodiment)

FIGS. 7 to 9 show another embodiment structure, in which only a part of the hose reel (5) overlaps with the left and right wheels (2) and (2) when viewed from the side of the fuselage. In this arrangement, the hose reel (5) is arranged between the wheels. 9 has the running width (W) of the running wheel (2) equal to the tread (W) of FIG. 8, and the hose reel (5) has one running wheel (2). It is installed inside.

The traveling wheel overlapping the hose reel (5) in the lateral direction of the machine body may be implemented as a non-drive type.

The present invention can also be applied to a working vehicle that uses various liquids such as irrigation water in addition to a chemical liquid for spraying. Therefore, the spraying boom (4) is generically referred to as a liquid sprayer (4).

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the liquid spraying work vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the entire control device, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the entire control device, and FIG. Rear view of the sensor,
Fig. 4 is a transmission system diagram, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the use of a control device, Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a control system, and Figs. 7 to 9 are schematic diagrams showing another embodiment of a hose reel arrangement. is there. (2) ... running wheels, (5) ... hose reel,
(7) Hose, (M1) Motor, (20a, 20b) Transmission means, (18)
…… One-way clutch.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid spraying work vehicle comprising a traveling body having driving wheels (2) movably and a liquid sprayer (4) attached thereto, wherein a hose (7) for supplying a liquid to the liquid sprayer (4). In a state where the hose reel (5) that winds and accommodates the vehicle has a hose reel portion overlapping the traveling wheel (2) when viewed from the side of the machine body, and is rotatable relative to the traveling wheel (2). The hose reel (5) is attached to the traveling body, and a transmission mechanism for transmitting power from the same motor (M1) to the traveling wheel (2) and the hose reel (5) is provided. The hose speed is set so that the peripheral speed of the hose reel portion corresponding to the hose portion located on the outermost side of the hose reel among the hoses 7 wound and accommodated is substantially equal to the peripheral speed of the traveling wheel (2). Transmission means (20) for adjusting the rotation speed of the
a) and (20b) are liquid spraying work vehicles provided with the transmission mechanism. 2. A one-way clutch (1), wherein said motor (M1) is a motor capable of switching between forward and reverse rotation, and transmits only a rotating force in one rotation direction of said motor (M1) to a hose reel (5).
8. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said transmission mechanism is provided, and said transmission means (20a) and (20b) are configured to adjust a rotation speed of the hose reel (5) on a hose winding side. Liquid spraying work vehicle. 3. The liquid spraying work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hose reel portion is the whole of the hose reel (5). 4. The traveling wheel (2) is provided on the left and right sides of the traveling body, and the hose reel portion is located between the left and right traveling wheels (2). Liquid spraying vehicle according to the item. 5. The hose according to claim 1, wherein said traveling wheel and said hose reel are concentrically located.
Liquid spraying vehicle according to the item.