JP2850624B2 - Message communication method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system in which a plurality of processes operating in parallel perform calculations by exchanging messages with each other (hereinafter referred to as a message exchange type multi-process system) by a single computer or The present invention relates to a method implemented on a computer system (hereinafter, simply referred to as a parallel computer) composed of a plurality of processor nodes that can operate in parallel and a communication network capable of mutually exchanging messages between the processors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The above-mentioned message exchange type multi-process
As an example of a programming language that describes a system,
Document "Implementation of a parallel object-oriented language in a distributed environment (computer software, Vol. 6, No.
1, pp. 17-29) "(hereinafter simply referred to as literature). In ABCL / M, processes that operate in parallel are called "objects". One object can have a plurality of pieces of information (hereinafter referred to as an object pointer) capable of specifying another object therein, and send a message to a corresponding object using the object pointer. Can be. The object that has received the message changes its own state according to the contents of the message, and performs calculations by sending the message to other objects. Therefore, an ABCL / M object can be modeled as a process 3 having one input port 1 and a plurality of output ports 2a, 2b, 2c as shown in FIG. Note that the output ports of a plurality of processes can be connected to the input ports of the processes. Also, there are two processes P _a and P _b,
When the output ports of the process P _a is coupled directly to the input port of the process P _b, if the process P _a sent multiple messages to P _b, reception order and the transmission order is consistent.

[0003] Now, a message exchange type multi-process
A typical example of the system is a pipeline process as shown in FIG. That is, 4a, 4 in FIG.
b, 4c, 4d, and 4e are n processes P ₁ , P ₂ , P
₃ ,. . . , P _n−1 , P _n and the i-th process P
_i (1 ≦ i <n), one of output ports 5a, 5b, 5
c and 5d are input ports 6 of the (i + 1) th process P _{i + 1}
a, 6b, 6c, 6d. That i-th process P _i performs some processing on the messages received from the i-1 th process P _i-1, it i
The calculation is performed by sending it to the (+1) th process P _{i + 1} . The process shown in FIG.
Although output ports other than a, 5b, 5c, and 5d can be provided, they are not directly related to the present invention, and thus are omitted in the drawing and the following description.

The structure of such a pipeline is not static, but usually changes dynamically as processing proceeds. That is, a process is newly generated and inserted in the middle of the pipeline of the process, or a process constituting the pipeline is often removed. The generation and insertion of processes are performed in ABCL / M as follows. That is, there are two processes P _i and P _{i + 1} which are adjacent elements of the pipeline, and the process P _i is a new process P _i between itself and the process P _{i + 1.}
When inserting _{i + 1/2} , first, Pi
generates a _{i + 1/2,} by sending a next object point to P _{i + 1} held by itself to P _{i + 1/2} as part of the message of the P _{i + 1/2} Informs the process to which the output port should be connected, and furthermore owns P
_Combine its output port to P _{i + 1/2} by changing the object point to _{i + 1} to the object point to P _{i + 1/2} .

On the other hand, the elimination of processes, that is, three processes P, which are adjacent elements of the pipeline,
_The process P _i is removed from _i−1 , P _i , P _{i + 1} and P _i−1
It is not easy to change the message sent by P _{i + 1} to accept it. This operation can be considered as an operation in which the process P _i short-circuits the input port and the output port. A simple method of realizing this operation is to send the message received from the input port in P _i to the output port as it is. That is. However, FIG.
The processes P ₂ , P ₃ ,. . . , P _n-1 perform a short circuit operation, although the message sent from P ₁ to P _n is not processed at all.
Processes P ₂ , P ₃ ,. . . , P _n-1 . Therefore, it takes a time proportional to the number n of processes to transfer a message, which causes a reduction in processing efficiency. Further, when these processes are running on different processor nodes of a parallel computer, the transfer of messages requires a processor processor proportional to the number n of processes.
Communication between nodes is required, and the processing efficiency is further reduced.

[0006] A similar problem exists in the change of the processor node that executes a process, that is, the method of implementing process migration. For example, FIG. 24 shows a simplified method of expressing processes executed on different processor nodes shown in the literature. 7a and 7b in the drawing is a processor nodes N ₁ and N _2. 8a is the processor node N
A process P ₁ being executed on _1, 8b and 8c
Is a process P ₂ and P ₃ running on the processor node N _2. The output port 9b of the process P ₂ is coupled to an input port of the process P _3, it is expressed separately from the process main input port of the process in the literature. That is, this figure 10a is an input port of the process P _3, the output port 9b of the process P ₂ is indicated an input port 10a of the process P _3. Incidentally, the process P ₃ can reference 10a that is an input port, and a pointer (hereinafter self input of port pointer) 11 for instructing an input port 10a for this purpose. Further, the output port 9a of the process P ₁ is also coupled to an input port of the process P _3, on the processor node N ₁ running process P ₁ in the literature, and instructs an input port of a process P ₃ a data structure (hereinafter referred to as pseudo input port) 10b disposed, indirectly process by instructing pseudo input port 10b of the process P ₃ from the output port 9a of the process P ₁ P
₃ indicates the input port 10a. In order to distinguish the input port from the pseudo input port, the input port 10
a and the pseudo input port 10b are connected to the flag 12a, respectively.
And 12b, and their values are L and R, respectively.

[0007] Now FIG. 25 is a process P ₃ showed a state when moving to the processor node N ₃ 7c from the state of FIG. 24. In FIG. 24, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. Process P ₃ in the figure has moved to the processor node N _3, the new input port 10c of the process P ₃ along with it is generated to the processor node N _3, the value of the flag 12c has a L . The input port 10a of the P ₃ on the processor node N ₃ in FIG. 25 becomes a pseudo input port by the value of the flag 12a is R, instructs the input port 10c. Now, the output port 9b of the process P ₂ has instructed the previous exactly該疑similar input port 10a. On the other hand, the processor nodes N ₁ lies on the pseudo input port 10b and instructs the pseudo input port 10a residing on previously exactly processor node N _2, the message processor nodes to be sent from the process P ₁ to the process P ₃ so that the through the N _2. Therefore, if a process moves a processor node n times, a message transfer to the processor will require a number of processor-node communications proportional to n, resulting in a significant reduction in processing efficiency. Become.

[0008]

As described above, in the prior art, even after a process short-circuits its input port and output port, message transfer via the process is performed. The shortcoming operation of a large number of processes connected in a line causes a low processing efficiency, and when these processes are executed on different processor nodes, a significant reduction in the processing efficiency occurs. there were. Also, when a process moves a processor node, the message transfer to the process is performed via the processor node that was executing the process before the movement. However, there is also a problem that the processing efficiency is significantly reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is recognized by a process which has sent a message to a process whether or not the process has performed a short circuit operation. When a process that is in a short-circuit state is found, a message is sent directly to the process to which the output port of the process is connected. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to perform message communication in a fixed time regardless of the number of processes. Further, when a message is transferred from a process existing on another processor node to a process in a short-circuit state, by notifying the short-circuit state to the processor node,
A processor executing the short-circuited process;
The purpose is to transfer messages without going through nodes. Further, when a process moves a processor node, it sends a message to the process node by temporarily creating a short-circuited process on the processor node that was executing the process before the move. It is also intended to allow a process to send a message to a processor node directly after the move.

[0010]

A message communication method according to the first invention is a system in which a plurality of processes operating in parallel perform calculations by exchanging messages with each other (hereinafter referred to as a message exchange type multi-process system). In the above, when the output port of the process and the input port of another process are connected, the input port sets the presence / absence of a short circuit of the process having the input port as an identifier, and the process having the input port becomes short-circuited. When the input port of the process connected to the output port of the process is designated, the output port knows that a short circuit has occurred in the process of the input port from the identifier of the connected input port. Sends a message to the input port of the process specified by the input port without passing through the process where the error occurred In which was to so that.

A message communication method according to a second aspect of the present invention provides a computer system (hereinafter simply referred to as a parallel communication system) comprising a plurality of processor nodes operable in parallel and a communication network for mutually exchanging messages between the processor nodes. (1) When a message is transmitted to a process executing on a different processor node, the processor node on the message sending side receives the message. Holding the input port of the receiving process and indicating the port provided on the transmitting processor node as a pseudo input port to indicate the input port of the process on the processor node on the transmitting side; When a process on the receiving processor node is short-circuited, The processor node, upon receiving a message transmitted by a process on the transmitting processor node, sends the short-circuit state process to the transmitting processor node based on the source information included in the message. A short-circuit notification message including information indicating an input port coupled to the output port is transmitted. (3) The pseudo input port is transmitted after receiving the short-circuit notification message and before receiving the short-circuit notification message. A confirmation requesting confirmation that all messages have been received by the shorted process indicated by the shorted process
A message exchange step of sending a message to the short-circuit destination process via the short-circuit state process, and confirming the message by receiving a reply message to the confirmation message; and from receiving the short-circuit notification message to completing the confirmation operation. Suspending the sending of the message, and transmitting the message to the short-circuit destination process without passing through the short-circuit state process on the receiving processor node after the confirmation operation is completed.

According to a third aspect, in the message communication method according to the second aspect, when a process executed on the receiving processor node moves to another processor node, the process is executed on the processor node before the movement. A temporary short-circuited process is generated, and after the confirmation operation is completed, a message is transmitted from the process on the transmitting processor node to the process on the moved processor node without passing through the processor node before moving. It is something to do.

[0013]

In the message communication method according to the first aspect of the present invention, when a process is short-circuited, the identifier of the input port of the process indicates that the process is short-circuited, and the identifier of the input port of the process is connected to the output port of the process. The process that sends a message to the process indicates that the process to which the message is to be sent is short-circuited by the identifier and that the input port of the process to be coupled is known. Is connected to the input port connected to the output port of the process in the short-circuited state without passing through the process that has become the short-circuited state, and transmits the message.

[0014] In the message communication method according to claim 2,
When a process on the receiving processor node is short-circuited and receives a message from a process on the transmitting processor node, the receiving processor node uses the information of the source of the message to short-circuit. A short-circuit notification message including information indicating an input port of the process coupled to the output port of the process in the state is transmitted to the transmitting processor node. The pseudo-input port of the transmitting processor node that has received the short-circuit notification message knows the input port of the short-circuit process to be coupled by the short-circuit notification message, and before receiving the message with the short-circuit process. Message exchange was performed to confirm that all the transmitted messages were received by the short-destination process, and the messages held after the completion of the confirmation operation became short-circuited on the receiving processor node. A message is transmitted to the short-circuit destination process without passing through the process.

In the message communication method according to claim 3,
When a process executing on the receiving processor node moves to another processor node, a pseudo input port indicating an input port generated on the processor node after the movement to the processor node before the movement. To create a temporary short-circuited process by short-circuiting the input port on the processor node before the move and the pseudo input port, and the short-circuited input port receives a message from the transmitting processor node. In this case, a short-circuit notification message is sent to the transmitting processor node, the message is exchanged for confirmation, and finally the message is sent to the transmitting processor node, in exactly the same manner as the operation according to claim 2 of the present invention. Processor before moving from process
Send a message to the process on the moved processor node without passing through the node.

[0016]

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a message communication method according to claim 1 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as method 1) will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the first stage of the short circuit operation in the method 1. 13a in FIG, 13b, 13c is a process P _1, P _2, P ₃ which is coupled to a pipeline, the input port of the output port P ₂ of the process P _1, the output port of the process P ₂ is the input port of the P _3, are respectively coupled. That is, the output port 1 of the process P ₁
4a has instructed the input port 15a of the process P _2, and the output port 14b of the process P ₂ process P
₃ indicates the input port 15b. Input port 15a and 15b of the process P ₂ and P _3, as well as instructs the main body 13b and 13c of the respective processes, the value of the short-circuit flag 16a and 16b are each identifier, an N indicating a non-short-circuit state ing. Further, the process P ₂ and P ₃ are held self input port pointer 17a and 17b for instructing each of the input ports 15a and 15b. Hereinafter, the identifier will be referred to as a short-circuit flag and described.

Next, FIG. 2 shows the second stage of the short-circuit operation in the method 1, and the process 13 shown in FIG.
b, i.e. the process P ₂ is shows a state after the short-circuit operating the output port 14b as a target. Short flag for the input port 15a of the process P ₂ in FIG. 1
6a changes to a value S indicating a short-circuit state, and 15a indicates a process P ₃ which is a short-circuit destination input port.
Of the input port 15b. This kind of state change made is to process P ₂ has performed a short operation in the following procedure. That is, to know the input pointer 15a of the process P ₂ from the value of the self input port pointer 17a, as well as changes to the value S indicating that a short circuit flag 16a short-circuit condition, the input port 15a
Is converted to the value of the output port 14b specified by the short circuit operation.

Next, FIG. 3 shows the final stage of the short-circuit operation in the method 1, and the process 13 shown in FIG.
a, or process P ₁ is a diagram illustrating a state after sending some messages from the output port 14a. Output port 14a of the process P ₁ in FIG.
It is changed to indicate the input port of the process P ₃ a short destination input port. This kind of state change is performed, the process P ₁ is a message sent from the output port 14a, because made in the following procedure. That is, when the short-circuit flag 16a of the input port 15a designated by the output port 14a is a value S indicating a short-circuit state, the value of the output port 14a is changed to the value of the input port 15a.
The change in value, the message 14a is sent to the process P ₃ to the input port 15b to instruct new instructs.
As a result, the input port of the output port and the process P ₃ of the process P ₁ is coupled directly to the process P ₁ that is performed thereafter
The message sent to the process P ₃ from the output port,
It is performed without passing through the process P _2. Note that a large number of processes P ₂ , P ₃ ,. . . , P _n-1 perform the short-circuit operation, the output port of the process P _{1 and} the input port of the process P _n shown in FIG. Obviously, they will be directly linked.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Next, a first embodiment of a message communication method (hereinafter referred to as method 2) according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows the first stage of the short-circuit operation in the method 2. 18a in FIG, 18b, 18c is a process P _1, P _2, P ₃ which is coupled to a pipeline, the output port of the process P ₁ is the input port of the P _2,
Output port of the process P ₂ is the input port of the P _3, are respectively coupled. The process P ₁ is the processor
Executes on the node 19a i.e. N _1, also P ₂ and P
₃ is executed on a different processor node 19b i.e. N ₂ and N _1. Therefore, the output port 20a of the process P ₁ instructs the pseudo input port 21a of the process P ₂ residing on the processor node N _1,該疑similar input port 21a to the process P ₂ residing on processor node N ₂ The input port 21b is designated. Output port 20b of the process P ₂ also instructs the input port 21c of the process P ₃ residing on processor node N _2. The value of the flag 22a of the pseudo input port 21a is a value R indicating that the port is a pseudo input port.
And the flag 22b of the input ports 21b and 21c.
And 22c are values L indicating that they are input ports. In addition, the short-circuit flags 23a, 23b, 23c of these pseudo input ports 21a and the input ports 21b and 21c.
Are N indicating a non-short circuit state. Furthermore, the process P ₂ and P ₃ are held self input port pointer 24a and 24b for instructing each of the input ports 21b and 21c.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the second stage of the short circuit operation in the scheme 2, and the process 18 shown in FIG.
b, i.e. the process P ₂ is shows a state after the short-circuit operating the output port 20b as a target. An input port 21b of the process P ₂ in the figure, changes to a value S indicating that the short-circuit flag 23b is short-circuited state,
Also 21b is indicated an input port 21c of the process P ₃ a short destination input port. This kind of state change made is to process P ₂ has performed a short operation in the following procedure. That is, to know the input port 21b of the process P ₂ in the same manner as method 1 from the value of the self input port pointer 24a, as well as changes to the value S indicating that the is the short flag 23b is short-circuited state, short-circuits the input port 21b The value is changed to the value of the output port 20b specified by the operation.

Next, FIG. 6 shows the third stage of the short-circuit operation in the scheme 2, and the process 18 shown in FIG.
a, or process P ₁ is a diagram illustrating a state after sending some messages from the output port 20a. In the figure 25 is a message P ₁ is delivered, is being transferred from the processor node N ₁ to the processor node N _2. The message 25 is provided with a flag (hereinafter referred to as a message type flag) 25a indicating the type of the message, and its value is NM indicating that the message is a normal message. Further, the message 25 includes a pseudo input port pointer 25b pointing to the pseudo input port 21a related to the destination process in the source processor node.

Next, FIG. 7 shows the fourth stage of the short circuit operation in the method 2, and the message 25 shown in FIG.
But shows the condition after being received in the processor node N _2. In the figure 26 is a short notification message, it is being transferred from the processor node N ₂ to the processor node N _1. The value of the message type flag 26a of the short-circuit notification message 26 is SM indicating that the message is a short-circuit notification message, and the short-circuit notification message 26 includes a short-circuit destination input port pointer 26b indicating the short-circuit destination input port 21c. include. The sending of such a message has been performed, the processor node N ₂ that received the message 25, because the following processing is performed. That is, when the value of the short-circuit flag of the input port of the destination of the normal message such that the value of the message type flag is NM is S, the processor node transfers the message to the short-circuit destination port designated by the input port. I do. At the same time, a short-circuit notification message including the short-circuit destination input port pointer is transmitted to the transmission source of the message using the pseudo input port pointer of the message, but when the input port indicates the short-circuit destination input port, the short-circuit notification message is transmitted. The shorted input port pointer points to the input port of the shorted process. Accordingly, the input because the port 21b shorting flags is the S, processor node message 25 sent from the N ₁ is transferred to the input port 21c, and short destination input port to the pseudo input port 21a on processor node N ₁ Short-circuit notification message 26 including pointer 26b
Is sent. The above-described processing each time a message is sent to the input port 21b from the processor node N _1, it is repeatedly executed.

[0023] Next Figure 8 is shows a fifth stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short notification message 26 illustrated in FIG. 7, showing a state after being received in the processor node N ₁ Things. Short confirmation request message 27 in the figure is being transferred from the processor node N ₁ to the processor node N _2. The value of the message type flag 27a of the short-circuit confirmation request message 27 is a CM indicating that the message is a short-circuit confirmation request message.
A pseudo input port pointer 27b pointing to “a” and a short circuit destination input port pointer 27c pointing to the short circuit destination input port 21c are included. On the other hand, short-circuit flag 23 of the pseudo input port 21a residing on processor node N ₁
a changes to the value W indicating the short-circuit confirmation waiting state, and the short-circuit destination input port pointer 28 is set in the pseudo input port 21a.
And a queue 29 for holding a message to be transmitted via the pseudo input port 21a after sending the short-circuit confirmation request message and before receiving a short-circuit confirmation response message described later. Transmission of this short-circuit confirmation request message 27 and pseudo input port 2
The state change of 1a is caused by the short-circuit notification message 2
This is because the following processing has been performed in the processor node N1 that has received _No. 6. That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit notification message in which the value of the message type flag is SM, the processor node sets the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port, which is the destination, to W indicating a short-circuit confirmation waiting state.
The short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit notification message is recorded in the pseudo input port, and the pseudo input port is received before the short-circuit acknowledgment message described later is received in the pseudo input port. Create a queue to hold the messages that are about to be sent out. Further, for the input port indicated by the pseudo input port,
A short-circuit confirmation request message including the pseudo-input port pointer indicating the pseudo-input port and the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit notification message is transmitted.

[0024] Next Figure 9 is an illustration of the sixth stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short confirmation request message 27 shown in FIG. 8 shows a state after being received in the processor node N ₂ It is a thing. Are becoming short acknowledgment message 30 in the figure is transferred from the processor node N ₂ to the processor node N _1, the message type flag of the short acknowledgment message has a RM. The transfer of the short acknowledgment message 30 has been performed, the processor node N ₂ that received the short check request message 27, because the following processing is performed. That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit confirmation request message in which the value of the message type flag is CM, the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message indicates an input that is the destination of the short-circuit confirmation request message. A check is made to see if the port or pseudo input port is indicated, that is, whether the short-circuit destination input port pointer is equal to the destination. If the short-circuit destination input port pointer is not equal to the destination, the short-circuit confirmation request message is transferred to the short-circuit destination input port indicated by the destination input port or the pseudo input port. On the other hand, if the short-circuit destination input port pointer is equal to the destination, the short-circuit confirmation response message is transmitted to the transmission source of the short-circuit confirmation request message using the pseudo input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message. In FIG. 9, the short-circuit destination input port pointer 27c included in the short-circuit confirmation request message 27 is the destination input port 21b.
Is not equal to the input port 21b, but is equal to the input port 21c specified by the input port 21b.
Is transferred to the input port 21c via the input port 21b, and as a result, the short-circuit confirmation response message 30 is sent to the pseudo input port 21a indicated by the pseudo input port pointer 27b included in the short-circuit confirmation request message 27.

[0025] Next Figure 10 is shows the final stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short acknowledgment message 30 shown in FIG. 9, showing a state after being received in the processor node N ₁ Things. In the figure, the value of the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port 21a changes to N indicating a non-short-circuit state, and the pseudo input port 21a indicates the input port 21c which is the short-circuit destination input port. This state change is performed, the processor node N ₁ which has received the short acknowledgment message 27, because the following processing is performed. That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit confirmation response message in which the value of the message type flag is RM, the processor node uses the short-circuit destination input port pointer stored in the pseudo input port that is the destination of the short-circuit confirmation response message, and The pseudo input port directly designates the short-circuit destination input port, the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port is set to N indicating a non-short state, and all the messages held in the queue of the pseudo input port are short-circuit destinations. Send to input port. As a result, messages sent from the process P ₁ to the process P ₃ is a be performed without passing through the process P _2.

Embodiment 3 FIG. Next, a second embodiment of the message communication method (hereinafter referred to as method 2) according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 11 shows the first stage of the short-circuit operation in the method 2. 31a in FIG, 31b, 31c is a process P _1, P _2, P ₃ which is coupled to a pipeline, the input port of the output port P ₂ of the process P _1, the output port of the process P ₂ is to the input port of the P _3,
Each is joined. Processes P ₁ , P ₂ , P
₃ are different processor nodes 32a, 32
b, 32c, ie, the processor nodes N ₁ , N ₂ ,
Running on N _3. Therefore, the output port 33a of the process P ₁ instructs the pseudo input port 34a of the process P ₂ residing on the processor node N _1,該疑similar input port 34a to the process P ₂ residing on processor node N ₂ The input port 34b is designated. Output port 33b of the process P ₂ also instructs the pseudo input port 34c of the process P ₃ residing on processor node N _2,該疑similar input port 34c is according to the process P ₃ residing on processor node N ₃ It points to the input port 34d. The values of the flags 35a and 35c of these pseudo input ports 34a and 34c are values R indicating that they are pseudo input ports, and the values of the flags 35b and 35d of the input ports 34b and 34d are input ports. L. In addition, these pseudo input ports 34a and 34c and input ports 34b and 3
The values of the 4d short-circuit flags 36a, 36c, 36b, and 34d are all N indicating a non-short-circuit state. Further, the process P
₂ and P ₃ are held self input port pointer 37a and 37b for instructing each of the input ports 34b and 34d.

Next, FIG. 12 shows the second stage of the short-circuit operation in the scheme 2, and the process 3 shown in FIG.
1b, i.e. a process P ₂ is shows a state after the short-circuit operating the output port 33b as a target. An input port 34b of the process P ₂ in the figure, process P ₃ that changes to a value S indicating that the short-circuit flag 36b is short-circuited state and 34b are shorted destination entry port
Of the pseudo input port 34c. This kind of state change made is to process P ₂ has performed a short operation in the following procedure. That is, to know the input port 34b of the process P ₂ in the same manner as method 1 from the value of the self input port pointer 34a, the short flag 36b
Is changed to a value S indicating a short-circuit state,
Output port 3 whose input port 34b is designated by a short circuit operation
Change to the value of 3b.

Next, FIG. 13 shows the third stage of the short-circuit operation in the method 2, and the process 3 shown in FIG.
1a, that is, the process P ₁ has its output port 33a
Shows the state after some message has been sent from. In the figure 38 is a message P ₁ is delivered, is being transferred from the processor node N ₁ to the processor node N _2. The message 38 includes
A flag 38a indicating a message type (hereinafter, referred to as a message type flag) is attached, and its value is NM indicating that the message is a normal message. Further, the message 38 includes a pseudo input port pointer 38b that points to the pseudo input port 34a related to the transmission destination process in the transmission source processor node.

[0029] Next Figure 14 is shows a fourth stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, but the message 38 shown in FIG. 13, showing a state after being received in the processor node N ₂ is there. Referring to FIG.
It is being transferred from the processor node N ₂ to the processor node N _3, but the pseudo input port pointer 3
8b has been modified to indicate the pseudo input port 34c that relayed the message. Meanwhile 39 is a short notification message, it is being transferred from the processor node N ₂ to the processor node N _1. The value of the message type flag 39a of the short-circuit notification message 39 is SM indicating that the message is a short-circuit notification message, and the short-circuit notification message 39 includes a short-circuit destination input port pointer 39b indicating the short-circuit destination input port 34d. include. The sending of such a message has been performed, the processor node N ₂ that received the message 38, because the following processing is performed. That is,
The processor node has a message type flag value of NM.
When the value of the short-circuit flag of the input port of the destination of the normal message is S, the message is transferred to the short-circuit destination input port designated by the input port. At the same time, using the pseudo input port pointer of the message,
A short-circuit notification message including the short-circuit destination input port pointer is transmitted to the transmission source of the message. When the input port indicates a pseudo input port, the value of the pseudo input port is used as the short-circuit destination input port pointer. . Therefore,
Since short flag for the input port 34b is a S, a message 38 sent from the processor node N _1, via the input port 34b and the pseudo input port 34c on the processor node N _2, processor node N ₃ It is transferred to the input port 34d of the upper, and the short circuit destination input port to the pseudo input port 34a on processor node N ₁
A short-circuit notification message 39 including the pointer 39b is transmitted. The above-described processing each time a message is sent to the input port 34b from the processor node N _1, it is repeatedly executed.

[0030] Next Fig. 15 shows a fifth stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short notification message 39 illustrated in FIG. 14, showing a state after being received in the processor node N ₁ Things. Short confirmation request message 40 in the figure is being transferred from the processor node N ₁ to the processor node N _2. The value of the message type flag 40a of the short-circuit confirmation request message 40 is
CM indicating a short-circuit confirmation request message,
Also, the short-circuit confirmation request message 40 includes a pseudo input port pointer 40b indicating the pseudo input port 34a,
A short-circuit destination input port that indicates the short-circuit destination input port 34d
The pointer 40c is included. On the other hand, short-circuit flag 36a of the pseudo input port 34a residing on processor node N ₁ is changed to a value W indicating a short confirmation wait state, and a short circuit destination input port pointer 41 in the pseudo input port 34a is held At the same time, a queue 42 for holding a message to be transmitted via the pseudo input port 34a after receiving the short-circuit confirmation request message and before receiving the short-circuit confirmation response message described later is generated. Transmission of the short-circuit check request message 40, and the state change of the pseudo input port 34a is performed, the processor node N ₁ that received the short notification message 39, because the following processing is performed. That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit notification message in which the value of the message type flag is SM, the processor node changes the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port, which is the destination, to W indicating a short-circuit confirmation wait state, and A short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit notification message, and a message to be transmitted through the pseudo input port until a short-circuit acknowledgment message described later is received in the pseudo input port. Create a queue that holds.
Further, a short-circuit confirmation request message including a pseudo-input port pointer indicating the pseudo-input port and a short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit notification message is transmitted to the input port indicated by the pseudo input port. I do.

[0031] Next Figure 16 is shows a sixth stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short confirmation request message 40 shown in FIG. 15 shows a state after being received in the processor node N ₂ It is a thing. Short confirmation request message 40 in the figure is being transferred from the processor node N ₂ to the processor node N _3. The transfer of the short-circuit confirmation request message 40 is performed by the processor node N that has received the short-circuit confirmation request message 40.
_This is because the following processing was performed in ₂ . That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit confirmation request message in which the value of the message type flag is CM, the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message indicates an input that is the destination of the short-circuit confirmation request message. A check is made to see if the port or pseudo input port is indicated, that is, whether the short-circuit destination input port pointer is equal to the destination. If the short-circuit destination input port pointer is not equal to the destination, the short-circuit confirmation request message is transferred to the short-circuit destination input port indicated by the destination input port or the pseudo input port. In FIG. 16, since the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message 40 is not equal to the destination input port 34b and is not equal to the pseudo input port 34c designated by the input port, the short-circuit confirmation request message Numeral 40 is transferred to the input port 34d designated by the pseudo input port 34c via the input port 34b and the pseudo input port 34c.

[0032] Next Figure 17 is shows a seventh stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short confirmation request message 40 shown in FIG. 16 shows a state after being received in the processor node N ₃ It is a thing. Are becoming short acknowledgment message 43 in the figure is transferred from the processor node N ₃ to the processor node N _1, the message type flag of the short acknowledgment message has a RM. The transfer of the short acknowledgment message 43 has been performed, the processor node N ₃ that received the short check request message 40, because the following processing is performed. That is, as described above, when the processor node receives the short-circuit confirmation request message in which the value of the message type flag is CM, the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message is set to the short-circuit confirmation request message. It is checked whether the input port or the pseudo input port which is the destination is indicated, that is, whether the short-circuit destination input port pointer is equal to the destination.
If the short-circuit destination input port pointer is equal to the destination, the short-circuit confirmation response message is transmitted to the transmission source of the short-circuit confirmation request message using the pseudo input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message. In FIG. 17, since the short-circuit destination input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message 40 is equal to the destination input port 34d, the short-circuit confirmation response message 43 includes the pseudo input port pointer included in the short-circuit confirmation request message 40. It is sent to the designated pseudo input port 34a.

[0033] Next Figure 18 is shows the final stage of the shorting operation in mode 2, short acknowledgment message 43 shown in FIG. 17, showing a state after being received in the processor node N ₁ Things. In the figure, the value of the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port 34a is N indicating a non-short-circuit state.
And the pseudo input port 34a indicates the input port 34d which is the short-circuit destination input port. This state change is performed, the processor node N ₁ which has received the short acknowledgment message 40, because the following processing is performed. That is, when the processor node receives a short-circuit confirmation response message in which the value of the message type flag is RM, the processor node uses the short-circuit destination input port pointer stored in the pseudo input port that is the destination of the short-circuit confirmation response message, and The pseudo input port directly designates the short-circuit destination input port, the short-circuit flag of the pseudo input port is set to N indicating a non-short state, and all the messages held in the queue of the pseudo input port are short-circuit destinations. Send to input port. As a result, the process P ₁
Messages sent to the process P ₃ from the processor
So that the performed without passing through the node N _2.

Embodiment 4 FIG. Next, an embodiment of a message communication method according to claim 3 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as method 3) will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 19 shows a representation in Scheme 3 of the processes executed on the different processor nodes shown in FIG. 44a and 44b in the figure is a processor nodes N ₁ and N _2. Moreover, 45a is a process P ₁ running on the processor node N _1, 45b and 45c is a process P ₂ and P ₃ running on the processor node N _2. Output port of the process P ₁ is coupled to an input port of the process P _3, the output port 46a of the process P ₁ pseudo input port 47a, also the pseudo input port 47a input port 47
b, respectively. Further, the output port of the process P ₂ is also coupled to an input port of the process P _3, the output port 46b is the input port 47 of the process P ₂
b. Note that the short-circuit flag 48a and the short-circuit flag 48b of the pseudo input port 47a and the input port 47b are
Are N indicating a non-short circuit state, the value of the flag 49a of the pseudo input port 47a is R, and the value of the flag 49b of the input port 47b is L. Also,
Process P ₃ holds the self input port pointer 50 for indicating its input port 47b.

FIG. 20 shows a state when the process P ₃ has moved from the state of FIG. 19 to the processor node N ₃ 44c. Process P ₃ in the figure are moved to the processor node N _3, a new input port 47c of the process P ₃ along with it is generated to the processor node N _3, the value of the flag 49c L, also short flag The value of 48c is N. Further, on the processor node N ₂ pseudo input port 47d for instructing the input port 47c is newly generated, the flag 49d
Is R, and the value of the short-circuit flag 48d is N. Further, the input port 47b of the P ₃ on the processor node N ₂ in FIG. 19, with the value of the short-circuit flag 48b is changed to S, it changes to indicate a pseudo input port 47d that is newly generated I have. That input port 47b relays the messages sent to the process P _3, can be considered as the input port of the pseudo-process in the short-circuit state. Now, the output port 46b of the process P ₂ has instructed the previous exactly the input port 47b, the value of the short-circuit flag 48b is the S, the output port 46b, an input port 47b, and the relationship of the pseudo input port 47d Is the output port 14a in FIG.
It is equal to the relationship between the input port 15a and the input port 15b. Although instructs the input port 47b of the pseudo input port 47a residing on processor node N ₁ also resides on previously exactly processor node N _2, the value of the short-circuit flag 48b is S. That is, the relation between the pseudo input port 47a, the input port 47b, the pseudo input port 47d, and the input port 47c is completely the same as the relation between the pseudo input port 34a, the input port 34b, the pseudo input port 34c, and the input port 34d in FIG. The same is true.

Therefore, when a message is sent from the process P ₂ to the process P ₃ in FIG. 20, the processing shown in the description of FIG. 3 is performed, and as shown in FIG.
Output port 46b of the process P ₂ is pseudo input port 47
It changes to indicate d. On the other hand, when sending a message to process P ₃ from the process P ₁ in FIG. 20, FIG. 13, 14, 15, 16, processing shown in the description of FIGS. 17 and 18 are performed, shown in FIG. 21 as such, the input port 47c directly on the processor node N ₃ from the pseudo input port 47a on the processor node N ₁ becomes to be instructed, the message sent from the process P ₁ to the process P _3, the processor nodes It becomes to be performed without passing through the N _2.

[0037]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
In the message communication method according to the above, the process of setting whether or not the short-circuit state is set to the identifier in the input port of the process, and transmitting the message to the input port related to the process in the short-circuit state, sets its own output port to the input port Has been changed to indicate the short-circuit input port indicated by
There is an effect that message communication can be performed without passing through a short-circuited process.

In the message communication method according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the short-circuit state input port receives a message transmitted from another processor node,
The short-circuit state input port sends a short-circuit notification message to the pseudo-input port that is the source of the message and changes the source pseudo-input port so that it directly indicates the short-circuit destination input port. Even when a process in a state and a process located before and after the process in the short-circuit state are both on different processor nodes, message communication is performed without passing through the processor node in which the process in the short-circuit state exists. There is an effect that can be.

In the message communication method according to a third aspect of the present invention, when a process moves from one processor node to another, a short-circuited process is temporarily stored on the processor node that was executing the process before the movement. , The message is communicated using the message communication method according to claim 2 of the present invention, so that there is an effect that message communication can be performed without passing through the processor node before moving.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first stage of a short-circuit operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second stage of the short-circuit operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the final stage of the short-circuit operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a first stage of a short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a second stage of the short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a third stage of the short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a fourth stage of the short-circuit operation in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows a fifth stage of the short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a sixth stage of the short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows the final stage of the short-circuit operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a first stage of a short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 shows a second stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 shows a third stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows a fourth stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows a fifth stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 shows a sixth stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 shows a seventh stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 shows the final stage of the short-circuit operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 shows the first stage of the process transfer processing according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a second stage of the process transfer processing according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 shows the final stage of the process moving process according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a model of a process for performing message communication.

FIG. 23 is a conceptual diagram showing a relationship between processes for performing pipeline processing.

FIG. 24 shows a first stage of the process transfer processing in the conventional method.

FIG. 25 shows a second stage of the process transfer processing in the conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols]

10a, 10c Input port in conventional method 10b Pseudo input port in conventional method 15a, 15b Input port 16a, 16b in method 1 Short-circuit flag 21a in method 1 Pseudo input port 21b, 21c in the first embodiment of method 2 Input ports 23a, 23b, 23c in the first embodiment Short-circuit flag in the first embodiment of the method 2 26 Short-circuit notification message in the first embodiment of the method 2 27 Short-circuit confirmation request in the first embodiment of the method 2 Message 30 Short-circuit acknowledgment message 34a, 34c in the first embodiment of system 2 Pseudo input port 34b, 34d in the second embodiment of system 2 Input ports 36a, 36b, 36c in the second embodiment of system 2 36d Short-circuit flag 3 in the second embodiment of method 2 Short-circuit notification message in the second embodiment of method 2 40 Short-circuit confirmation request message in the second embodiment of method 2 43 Short-circuit confirmation response message 47b, 47c in the second embodiment of method 2 Input port 47a in method 3 47d Pseudo input port 48a, 48b, 48c, 48d in method 3 Short-circuit flag in method 3.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G06F 9/46 G06F 13/00 G06F 15/16 G06F 15/163-15/173 G06T 1/20 H04L 12/24 H04L 12 / 26 H04L 12/437 H04L 12/56 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] In a system in which a plurality of processes operating in parallel perform a calculation by exchanging messages with each other (hereinafter referred to as a message exchange type multi-process system), an output port of a process is connected to an input port of another process. The input port sets the identifier of the short-circuit of the process having the input port to the identifier, and sets the identifier of the process coupled to the output port of the process when the process having the input port is short-circuited. The input port is designated, and the output port knows from the identifier of the connected input port that a short circuit has occurred in the process of the input port, and the process designated by the input port without passing through the process in which the short circuit occurred. A message communication method, comprising: transmitting a message to an input port of a personal computer. 2. A message to be calculated on a computer system (hereinafter simply referred to as a parallel computer) comprising a plurality of processor nodes operable in parallel and a communication network for exchanging messages between the processor nodes. In a switched multi-process system: (1) When sending a message to a process running on a different processor node, the processor node on the sending side of the message sends the message to the process on the receiving processor node. Holding the input port of the receiving process and indicating a port provided on the transmitting processor node as a pseudo input port to indicate the input port; (2) on the receiving processor node When a process becomes short-circuited, the receiving processor node will An input port coupled to an output port of the short-circuited process to a transmitting processor node based on source information included in the message when a message transmitted by a process on the server node is received. (3) After receiving the short-circuit notification message, the pseudo-input port indicates that all messages transmitted before receiving the short-circuit notification message indicate a short-circuit state process. To request confirmation that it has been received by the target process
A message exchange step of sending a message to the short-circuit destination process via the short-circuit state process, and confirming the message by receiving a reply message to the confirmation message; and from receiving the short-circuit notification message to completing the confirmation operation. Suspending the sending of the message, and transmitting the message to the short-circuit destination process without passing through the short-circuit state process on the receiving processor node after the confirmation operation is completed. . 3. When a process running on a receiving processor node moves to another processor node, a temporary short-circuited process is generated on the processor node before moving, and the confirmation is performed. 3. The message communication method according to claim 2, wherein after the operation is completed, the message is transmitted from the process on the transmitting processor node to the process on the post-migration processor node without passing through the pre-migration processor node. .