JP2851742B2 - Gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells - Google Patents
Gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cellsInfo
- Publication number
- JP2851742B2 JP2851742B2 JP4043010A JP4301092A JP2851742B2 JP 2851742 B2 JP2851742 B2 JP 2851742B2 JP 4043010 A JP4043010 A JP 4043010A JP 4301092 A JP4301092 A JP 4301092A JP 2851742 B2 JP2851742 B2 JP 2851742B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas diffusion
- polymer electrolyte
- diffusion electrode
- electrolyte fuel
- catalyst layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高分子電解質型燃料電
池に用いるガス拡散電極に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode used for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の高分子電解質型燃料電池のガス拡
散電極では、たとえばスリニバサン(Ｓ．Ｓrinivasa
n)、マンコ(Ｄ．Ｊ．Ｍanko)、コッホ(Ｈ．Ｋoch)、エ
ナイエトゥラー(Ｍ．Ａ．Ｅnayetullah)およびアプレビ
ー(Ａ．Ｊ．Ａppleby)、ジャーナル・オブ・パワー・ソ
ース(Ｊ．Ｐower Ｓource)、２９(１９９０)３６７〜
３８７に示されるように、高分子電解質膜２０３の両側
のガス拡散電極２０２は、図５のように、高分子電解質
膜と逆側の面も平面状になっている。また、一般の燃料
電池のガス拡散電極の従来例でも、たとえば特公平２−
２０７４５７号公報に示されるように、ガス拡散電極の
触媒層には、溝などの加工は施されていない。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional gas diffusion electrode of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, for example, Srinivasa (S. Srinivasa) is used.
n), DJ Manko, H. Koch, MA Enaetullah and A.J. Appleby, Journal of Power Source (J. Power Source) , 29 (1990) 367-
As shown in 387, the gas diffusion electrodes 202 on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane 203 also have a plane surface opposite to the polymer electrolyte membrane as shown in FIG. Also, in the conventional example of the gas diffusion electrode of a general fuel cell, for example,
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 207457, the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode is not processed with grooves or the like.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の高分子電解質型
燃料電池のガス拡散電極の触媒層２０１は、図５のよう
な構造であったので、反応ガスの流通性が悪く、出力電
流密度を大きく取れないという問題があった。Since the catalyst layer 201 of the gas diffusion electrode of the conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell has a structure as shown in FIG. 5, the flow of the reaction gas is poor and the output current density is low. There was a problem that it could not be taken large.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】この課題を解決するた
め、本発明は高分子電解質膜、その上に形成されたガス
拡散電極触媒層及び該触媒層上に形成されたガス拡散電
極を有してなり、高分子電解質膜とは逆側に溝構造を該
触媒層に設けたことを特長とする高分子電解質型燃料電
池用ガス拡散電極を提供する。To solve this problem, the present invention comprises a polymer electrolyte membrane, a gas diffusion electrode catalyst layer formed thereon, and a gas diffusion electrode formed on the catalyst layer. A gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, characterized in that a groove structure is provided in the catalyst layer on the side opposite to the polymer electrolyte membrane.
【０００５】図１は本発明の電極の一具体例であって、
高分子電解質膜１０３、Ｖ字型の溝を網目状に配した構
造をもつガス拡散電極の触媒層１０１と、触媒を担持し
ていないガス拡散電極１０２から成る。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the electrode of the present invention.
It comprises a polymer electrolyte membrane 103, a catalyst layer 101 of a gas diffusion electrode having a structure in which V-shaped grooves are arranged in a mesh pattern, and a gas diffusion electrode 102 not carrying a catalyst.
【０００６】図２(a)は本発明の一具体例の断面図を示
す。３００は高分子電解質膜であり、３０１はＶ字型の
溝構造をもつガス拡散電極の触媒層である。３０３はガ
ス拡散電極の触媒無担持層である。図２(b)は本発明の
他の具体例であって、３０２は台形型の溝構造をもつガ
ス拡散電極の触媒層である。図２(c)は本発明の別の具
体例である。図２(d)は本発明の更に別の具体例であ
る。膜構造の断面は、上記以外のどのような形状であっ
てもよく、三角形、Ｕ字形、正方形、長方形なども採用
できる。FIG. 2A is a sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 300 denotes a polymer electrolyte membrane, and 301 denotes a catalyst layer of a gas diffusion electrode having a V-shaped groove structure. Reference numeral 303 denotes a catalyst-unsupported layer of the gas diffusion electrode. FIG. 2B shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 302 denotes a catalyst layer of a gas diffusion electrode having a trapezoidal groove structure. FIG. 2C shows another specific example of the present invention. FIG. 2D shows still another embodiment of the present invention. The cross section of the film structure may be any shape other than the above, and may be a triangle, a U-shape, a square, a rectangle, or the like.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】このような構造になっているので、ガス拡散電
極の触媒層の中で高分子電解質膜の近傍に存在する高反
応領域への反応ガスの供給が図２のようにＶ字型または
台形型の側面からも行なわれる。これにより、従来例の
図４のガス拡散電極に比べ、高反応領域への反応ガスの
供給能力が増えるので、反応ガスの拡散律速により制限
される限界電流密度を増大させることに対し有効に働
く。With such a structure, the supply of the reaction gas to the high reaction region existing in the vicinity of the polymer electrolyte membrane in the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode is performed in a V-shape or as shown in FIG. This is also done from the side of the trapezoid. As a result, the ability to supply the reaction gas to the high reaction region is increased as compared with the conventional gas diffusion electrode shown in FIG. 4, so that it effectively works to increase the limit current density limited by the diffusion control of the reaction gas. .
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
る。高分子電解質膜としてナフィオン(Ｎafion)１１７
〔デュポン(Ｄu Ｐont社製）〕を用い、Ｖ字型の溝を網
目状に配したガス拡散電極の触媒層及び触媒をガス拡散
電極の触媒無担持層を図２（ｃ）のように接合した。こ
の接合体の片側から常圧の水素ガス(供給速度１００cc
m)を他方から常圧の酸素ガス(供給速度５０ccm)を供給
し、高分子電解質型燃料電池のＩ−Ｖ特性を測定した。
結果を図３に示す。図４(a)に示した従来の構造の比較
例に比べ、本発明の実施例では、短絡時の電流密度が約
３０％向上し、最大出力密度も約１０％向上した。なお
実施例及び比較例のガス拡散電極の諸条件を表１に示
す。The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples. Nafion 117 as a polymer electrolyte membrane
Using [DuPont (manufactured by Du Pont)], the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode having V-shaped grooves arranged in a mesh pattern and the catalyst-free layer of the gas diffusion electrode are joined as shown in FIG. 2 (c). did. Hydrogen gas at normal pressure (supply speed 100 cc)
m) was supplied with oxygen gas at normal pressure (supply rate 50 ccm) from the other side, and the IV characteristics of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell were measured.
The results are shown in FIG. Compared with the comparative example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4A, in the embodiment of the present invention, the current density at the time of short circuit was improved by about 30%, and the maximum output density was also improved by about 10%. Table 1 shows various conditions of the gas diffusion electrodes of the examples and the comparative examples.
【０００９】[0009]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上のような構成であるから、
ガス拡散電極の触媒層へのガス供給を促進させるので、
反応ガスの拡散律速により制限される限界電流密度を増
大させることにより、最大出力密度を向上させる効果が
あるので、高分子電解質型燃料電池のガス拡散電極とし
て利用すると効果的である。Since the present invention has the above-described configuration,
Since it promotes gas supply to the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrode,
Increasing the limit current density, which is limited by the diffusion control of the reaction gas, has the effect of improving the maximum output density. Therefore, it is effective to use it as a gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図１】 本発明のガス拡散電極の斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas diffusion electrode of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の高分子電解質型燃料電池用ガス拡散
電極を含む接合体の断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a joined body including a gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention.
【図３】 高分子電解質型燃料電池の本発明の実施例及
び比較例による電流−電圧特性を示す。FIG. 3 shows current-voltage characteristics of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
【図４】 従来の高分子電解質型燃料電池用ガス拡散電
極を含む接合体である。FIG. 4 is a conventional assembly including a gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図５】 従来のガス拡散電極の斜視図。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional gas diffusion electrode.
１０１、２０１、３０１、３０２、３０４: ガス拡散
電極触媒層。 １０２、２０２、３０３: ガス拡散電極の触媒無担持
層。 １０３、２０３、３００: 高分子電解質膜。101, 201, 301, 302, 304: gas diffusion electrode catalyst layers. 102, 202, 303: catalyst-unsupported layers of gas diffusion electrodes. 103, 203, 300: polymer electrolyte membrane.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−128467（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−167752（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−87472（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) H01M 4/86 - 4/98 H01M 8/00 - 8/24──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-61-128467 (JP, A) JP-A-3-1677752 (JP, A) JP-A-2-87472 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) H01M 4/86-4/98 H01M 8/00-8/24
Claims (1)
ス拡散電極触媒層及び該触媒層上に形成されたガス拡散
電極を有してなり、高分子電解質膜とは逆側に溝構造を
該触媒層に設けたことを特徴とする高分子電解質型燃料
電池用ガス拡散電極。1. A polymer electrolyte membrane comprising: a gas diffusion electrode catalyst layer formed thereon; and a gas diffusion electrode formed on the catalyst layer. A groove structure is formed on the opposite side of the polymer electrolyte membrane. A gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4043010A JP2851742B2 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4043010A JP2851742B2 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05242894A JPH05242894A (en) | 1993-09-21 |
| JP2851742B2 true JP2851742B2 (en) | 1999-01-27 |
Family
ID=12652020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4043010A Expired - Lifetime JP2851742B2 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2851742B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002100372A (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-05 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Gas diffusion electrode for fuel cell and method of manufacturing the same |
| WO2005117177A1 (en) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-12-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| JP2006139922A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-06-01 | Hideichiro Hirai | Power generating unit and solid polymer fuel cell |
| JP2007103241A (en) * | 2005-10-06 | 2007-04-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Fuel cell |
| JP4918249B2 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2012-04-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Solid polymer electrolyte membrane electrode assembly |
| WO2010092281A1 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-19 | Stmicroelectronics (Tours) Sas | Fuel cell with cathode water removal |
| US9793555B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 | 2017-10-17 | Panasonic Corporation | Membrane electrode assembly with gas diffusion layers having a rib porosity and method of manufacturing the same, as well as fuel cell |
| JP5708923B2 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2015-04-30 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell and fuel cell |
| JP2013137885A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel battery and method of manufacturing gas diffusion layer of fuel battery |
-
1992
- 1992-02-28 JP JP4043010A patent/JP2851742B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05242894A (en) | 1993-09-21 |
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