JP2865620B2 - Fuel pellet manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for producing fuel pellets from raw dust using raw dust as a raw material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An enormous amount of dust is generated nationwide. Raw dust can be incinerated and discarded. However, since raw dust has a very high moisture content, it consumes considerable heat energy for incineration. This has increased the cost of disposing of raw dust.

[0003] In addition to raw dust, a huge amount of waste paper is generated nationwide. Recovered paper is separated from other waste at a waste treatment plant. Methods for separating waste paper from industrial waste have already been developed. There is also a strong need for a technique for effectively using waste paper separated by this method. Recovered paper is made up of countless fibers and is therefore excellent in absorbing water. For this reason, the waste paper can be mixed with the raw dust to adjust the moisture content of the raw dust. If the fresh dust whose moisture content is adjusted by adding waste paper can be formed into pellets, it can be incinerated without consuming heat energy or with a very small amount of heat energy.

[0004] However, a mixture of fresh dust and used paper cannot be easily pelletized. In order to form pellets and granulate, it is necessary to add a considerable amount of a binder. Adding a binder increases the cost of disposing of the dust. There is also a disadvantage that the binder damages the incinerator. No matter how good the disposal cost is, it is not practical. Therefore, it is extremely important to use no binder or to reduce the amount of the binder in order to form a fuel pellet by mixing fresh dust and waste paper into a pellet.

[0005] Further, in order to mix and granulate raw dust and waste paper, it is necessary to crush the waste paper and raw waste. As a method for crushing waste paper, a hammer crusher or a pin mill crusher that mechanically taps and crushes waste paper is used.

The crushing method using these crushers can crush pure paper, but cannot efficiently crush waste paper having a plastic or aluminum foil laminated on the surface. Broken or broken paper generated in a paper mill or the like can be crushed by this method because it is pure paper. However, paper separated as industrial waste includes not only pure paper but also paper having various surfaces laminated on the surface. For example,
The paper used for the huge amount of paper packs and paper diapers,
Plastic is mixed.

For example, when paper mixed with plastic is crushed by a pin mill type crusher, the mixed plastic is melted by heat generation, and a screen for selecting the crushed paper is clogged, resulting in an efficiency problem. It cannot be crushed well. For this reason, there is a drawback that waste paper, which is waste containing various materials, cannot be efficiently crushed.

[0008] This disadvantage can be solved by crushing the used paper using a shredder that cuts the paper into small pieces with a blade. Since the shredder cuts the paper with a blade, the shredder can crush small waste paper laminated with plastic or metal foil. However, waste paper crushed by this method has a drawback that it is difficult to granulate thereafter. This is because the pulp fibers do not protrude to the surface, so that the pulp fibers cannot be entangled and granulated.

[0009] Further, a technology for converting waste paper pulp using waste paper as a raw material has already been developed. This method uses a kneader to process broken paper or waste paper generated in a paper mill into waste paper pulp. Further, there is a method using a pulper or a refiner. However, according to these methods, waste paper of industrial waste in which various types are mixed cannot be efficiently converted into pulp fiber at low cost. It is important how waste paper generated as industrial waste can be crushed and granulated at low cost.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been developed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an important object of the present invention is to provide a raw material having a high moisture content and a foreign material such as plastic. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing fuel pellets that can be easily burned by using waste paper in which materials are mixed.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing fuel pellets using raw dust as a raw material. The waste paper 1 is supplied to a grinding gap 6 between a rotating member 5 rotating inside the cylinder 4 and the grinding dust 4 is ground by the grinding cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5 to turn the waste paper 2 into cotton. The rotating member 5 is convex
Use the one with the ridges 9 and 33 and use the ridges 9 and 33
A narrow paper gap is provided between the inner surface of the grinding cylinder 4
The waste paper and the waste paper are crushed in the gaps
Cotton. Waste 1 made by entangled fibers of waste paper 2
Is granulated into pellets.

Further, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing fuel pellets using raw dust as a raw material, the method comprising the steps of: a grinding cylinder 4 and a rotating member 5 rotating inside the grinding cylinder 4; The used paper 2 is supplied to the crushing gap 6 of the above, and the used paper 2 is crushed by the crushing cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5 to be made into cotton. The rotating member 5 has a ridge 9, 33,
Between the inner surface of the grinding cylinder 4 by the ridges 9 and 33
A narrow paper-cotton gap is provided.
Become The crushed fresh dust 1 is added to the waste paper 2 that has been made into cotton wool, and the moisture of the fresh dust 1 is absorbed into the waste paper 2 to reduce the moisture content of the fresh dust 1 and to entangle the fibers of the waste paper 2. The raw dust is granulated into pellets.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a method for producing fuel pellets using raw dust as a raw material, waste paper 2 and raw dust 1 are converted into cotton and pulverized by separate devices. The apparatus for converting the waste paper 2 into a cotton wool and crushing the raw dust 1 has a grinding gap 6 between the grinding cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5. Rotating member 5
Use the ridges 9 and 33 for the ridges 9 and 33 .
Therefore, a narrow gap between the inner surface of the grinding cylinder 4 and the paper
The paper dusting gap is used to grind raw dust and waste paper. Apparatus for Kamiwata the waste paper 2 Kamiwata the old paper 2 in Kamiwata of clearance. The device for pulverizing the raw dust 1 pulverizes the raw dust in the paper-making gap . Paper 2 which is paper ischikauia in Kamiwata of clearance, Kamiwata Kasuki
The raw dust 1 pulverized in between is added, and the fibers of the waste paper 2 are entangled to granulate the raw dust 1 into a pellet.

[0014]

The fuel pellets are used to grind waste paper into paper as described below, and entangle the fibers of the recycled waste paper to form fresh dust. The used paper that has been made into paper cotton not only granulates raw dust, but also absorbs water contained in the raw dust to adjust the moisture content.
The used paper is supplied to a grinding gap between the rotating member and the grinding cylinder and is ground. The milled waste paper is turned into cotton and turned into fibrous form. Fresh dust is pulverized together with waste paper, or added to waste paper pulverized separately from waste paper and granulated into pellets.

Since the countless pulp fibers protrude from the outer periphery of the used paper, the pulp fibers are entangled and granulated. The method of granulating by entanglement of pulp fibers can efficiently granulate waste paper converted into cotton without using a binder or using a small amount of a binder.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a method for producing fuel pellets for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify a method for producing fuel pellets as follows.

Further, in this specification, in order to easily understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members described in the embodiments will be referred to as “claims” and “ In the column of “Means of the above”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, fuel pellets produced by using raw dust and waste paper produced by the method of the present invention are obtained by separately grinding and granulating raw dust 1 and waste paper 2, Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the raw dust 1 and the waste paper 2 are manufactured by grinding together and granulating them. The same grinder can be used for the granulator and the grinder for grinding the raw dust 1 and the waste paper 2 separately or together.

The amount of waste paper added to the garbage is adjusted to an optimum value in consideration of the moisture content of the garbage. As the raw dust, dewatered by pressing with a filter press or dewatering by centrifugal dewatering can be used. The amount of waste paper added is increased as the moisture content of the raw dust increases, and the moisture content of the fuel pellets is kept within a certain range. Furthermore, the amount of waste paper added differs between the case where waste paper is added and the fuel pellets formed into pellets are further dried, and the case where the fuel pellet is used as it is without drying. Fuel pellets to be dried after being formed into pellets can reduce the amount of waste paper added even if the moisture content of the raw dust is high. This is because moisture is removed in the drying step. Furthermore, the amount of waste paper added
It is also possible to reduce the amount by adding an auxiliary material such as coal powder to the fuel pellets. Fuel pellets with added combustion aids
This is because even if the moisture content is high, it is easy to burn.

In consideration of the above, the amount of waste paper added to fresh dust is adjusted to an optimum value. The amount of waste paper added to the raw dust is, for example, 30 to 100 parts by weight of the raw dust.
300 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 150 parts by weight.

Fresh dust and waste paper are ground by the mill shown in the sectional view of FIG. 3 and the plan view of FIG. This attritor supplies waste paper and raw dust alone, or supplies waste paper and raw dust together,
Used paper is made into cotton wool, and raw dust is crushed and ground. This grinder can grind | pulverize the waste paper which the plastics, such as a polyethylene, or the metal foils, such as aluminum, are laminated, or the non-laminated paper can be made into cotton. The attritor of this figure is provided with attrition means 3 for turning waste paper into paper cotton and pulverizing raw dust.

The grinding means 3 includes a grinding cylinder 4 and a rotating member 5. The grinding cylinder 4 has a cylindrical shape and has a grinding opening 7 for grinding used paper and fresh dust and discharging the waste paper from the lower end. The grinding opening 7 has a columnar shape, and has a large number of narrow grooves 8 provided on the inner surface of the inner surface thereof, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. The narrow groove 8 is preferably designed to have a width of about 5 mm and a depth of about 3 mm. However, the narrow groove 8
Can have a width of 1 to 15 mm and a depth of 1 to 10 mm, for example. In the grinding cylinder 4 shown in FIG. 3, the narrow groove 8 is made gradually shallower toward the lower end as shown in the enlarged sectional view on the right, and the narrow groove 8B provided at the lower end of the grinding opening 7 is narrowed. Groove 8 is not extended.

However, as shown in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. 5, the narrow groove 8 can be extended at its lower end to the narrow ring slit 6B. A device that extends the narrow groove 8 to the narrow ring slit 6B can increase the amount of waste paper and fresh dust crushed by the narrow groove 8. Narrow groove 8 up to narrow ring slit 6B
In order to extend the length and reduce the amount of waste paper and fresh dust, the width of the narrow ring slit 6B is reduced. In the device shown in FIG. 5, the groove is made shallow at the lower end of the narrow groove 8, but the depth may be the same up to the lower end. However, the narrow groove 8 having the same depth up to the lower end is designed to be shallow.

The rotating member 5 is disposed coaxially with the cylindrical grinding cylinder 4 in a posture perpendicular to the grinding opening 7 of the grinding cylinder 4. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a plan view, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the rotating member 5. The rotating member 5 shown in these figures guides the supplied waste paper and fresh dust into the guide groove 10 and discharges it along the guide groove 10 while grinding it with the forced drawing ridge 9.

The rotating member 5 grinds the supplied waste paper and fresh dust while dropping it down. The rotating member 5 has four forced retraction ridges 9 extending in the radial direction, and a guide groove 10 is provided between the forced retraction ridges 9. Guide groove 10
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, the upper part is formed as a storage pocket and the lower part is formed as shallow so that the supplied waste paper and fresh dust can be smoothly guided and efficiently crushed.
In order to make the guide groove 10 deeper in the upper part, the rotating member 5 has a conical shape as a whole and is provided with a forced pulling ridge 9 on the outer periphery. The rotating member 5 of this shape forms a guide groove 10 between the forced retraction ridges 9 that is deeper at the upper part and gradually becomes shallower toward the lower part. The guide groove 10 is provided with a storage pocket 10A at an upper portion, and a lower end thereof is connected to a narrow ring slit 6B having a small width as shown in an enlarged sectional view of FIG.

Waste paper and fresh dust dropped into the storage pocket of the guide groove 10 are forcibly drawn in by the rotation of the rotating member 5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the forced retraction ridges 9 are inclined with respect to the downward gradient in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating member 5. Rotating member 5 shown in FIG.
Rotates left as shown by the arrow to grind waste paper and fresh dust.

The angle of inclination of the forced retraction ridge 9 with respect to the rotation axis determines the state of the used paper or fresh dust falling from the forced retraction ridge 9. When the inclination angle is large, the action of drawing in waste paper and fresh dust becomes stronger. Conversely, when the inclination angle is small, the action of drawing in waste paper and fresh dust is reduced. The inclination angle formed by the forced retraction ridge 9 with the rotating shaft 12 of the rotating member 5 is preferably 1
It is designed in the range of 0 to 60 degrees, more preferably 12 to 50 degrees.

The outer peripheral surface 9A of the forced retraction ridge 9 approaches the inner surface of the grinding opening 7 of the grinding cylinder 4, and paper is formed between the inner surface of the grinding opening 7 and the outer peripheral surface 9A of the forced retraction ridge 9. Cotton gap 6
Form A. Waste paper and fresh dust supplied to the storage pocket 10A of the guide groove 10 are crushed and made into cotton when passing through the papermaking gap 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B. When the raw dust is supplied together with the waste paper, the waste paper is turned into paper cotton and the raw dust is crushed. Waste paper and fresh dust supplied to the guide groove 10 are ground while being transferred from the guide groove 10 to the papermaking gap 6A and from the papermaking gap 6A to the guide groove 10, and are gradually transferred downward. After being transferred to the lower part of the guide groove 10, it passes through a narrow ring slit 6 </ b> B provided at the lower end of the grinding gap 6, is further ground when passing, and is discharged from the grinding gap 6. The interval between the paper-wasting gap 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B is preferably 0.3 to 3 so that used paper and fresh dust can be efficiently and sufficiently ground.
It is set in the range of 2.5 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 2.0 mm. The optimum interval between the paper-wasting gap 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B varies depending on the type of used paper and fresh dust and the required degree of attrition. For example, a crusher for converting a telephone directory into paper wool and grinding it, and crushing raw dust, requires a gap between the paper wool clearance 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B to be about 1.0 to 1.0 mm.
The crusher for converting a laminated paper such as a milk pack into a cotton sheet is set to 2.0 mm, and the crusher is set to 0.7 to 2.0 mm.

The rotating member 5 has a rotating shaft 12 fixed at the center. The rotating shaft 12 is connected to the base 11 via a bearing 13.
It is supported vertically. A sprocket 14 is fixed to a lower end of the rotating shaft 12. The sprocket 14 is connected to a sprocket 17 of a motor 16 via a timing belt 15. The motor 16 is a speed change motor and adjusts the rotation speed of the rotating member 5 to an ideal rotation speed. The ideal rotation speed of the rotating member 5 varies depending on the radius of the rotating member 5. When the outer diameter of the rotating member 5 is 360 mmφ, the ideal rotation speed of the rotating member 5 is about 450 rpm.
However, the rotation speed of the rotating member 5 is set to 250 to 600 rpm.
By setting the range, various kinds of waste paper and fresh dust can be ground.

Further, the grinding machine shown in FIG.
The discharge vanes 18 are disposed below the bottom. Discharge blade 18
Is fixed to the upper surface of the disk 19. The discharge blade 18 is rotated by a disk 19. The discharge blade 18 extends in the radial direction from the rotation shaft 12 of the rotation member 5 and is curved in a direction to retract with respect to the rotation direction as shown in FIG. The discharge blade 18 rotates at a high speed to accelerate the waste paper and fresh dust made into paper from the grinding gap 6 in the circumferential direction, and vigorously from a discharge port opened tangentially below the grinding cylinder 4. Discharge.

In the above-described grinding machine, the forcedly drawn ridges 9 and the guide grooves 10 are provided on the surface of the rotating member 5. The attritor is
As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 7 and the plan view of FIG. 8, the forcible drawing ridge 9 and the guide groove 10 are inserted into the grinding opening 7 of the grinding cylinder 4.
Can also be provided. The milling machine shown in these figures is different from the apparatus shown in FIGS.
Into the grinding cylinder 4 and the guide groove 10
Are provided. The narrow groove 8 is provided to extend in the axial direction of the rotating member 5 as in the device shown in FIGS.
The width, depth, and structure of the lower end of the narrow groove 8 can be designed in the same manner as the apparatus shown in FIGS.

In the grinding machine shown in FIG. 7, when the rotating member 5 is rotated, the supplied waste paper and fresh dust are ground by the forced retraction ridges 9 while falling. The forced retraction ridges 9 of the grinding cylinder 4 are provided to extend in the radial direction on the inner surface of the grinding opening 7, and the guide grooves 1 are provided between the forced retraction ridges 9.
0 is provided. The guide groove 10 guides the supplied waste paper and fresh dust smoothly, so that it can be efficiently milled.
As shown in FIG. 7, the upper part is formed deep and the lower part is formed shallow. In order to make the guide groove 10 deeper upward, the grinding cylinder 4 is provided with a forced drawing ridge 9 projecting from the inner surface of the grinding opening 7 so that the overall shape of the grinding opening 7 is formed in a conical shape whose inner diameter increases upward. The grinding cylinder 4 of this shape has a guide groove 10 formed between the forced retraction ridges 9 that is deeper upward and gradually becomes shallower downward. The lower end of the guide groove 10 is a narrow ring slit 6B having a small width, as shown in an enlarged sectional view of FIG.

Used paper and fresh dust dropped into the guide groove 10
It is forcibly pulled in by the rotation of the rotating member 5. Therefore, the forced retraction ridge 9 of the grinding cylinder 4 is inclined downward in the direction of rotation of the rotating member 5 as shown in FIG. The rotating member 5 shown in FIG. 8 rotates to the left as shown by the arrow to grind used paper and fresh dust.

The inclination angle of the forced retraction ridge 9 with respect to the rotation axis 12 is designed in the same manner as in the apparatus shown in FIGS.

The inner peripheral surface 9B of the forced retraction ridge 9 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating member 5, and a gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating member 5 and the inner peripheral surface 9B of the forced retraction ridge 9 is formed. 6A. Waste paper and fresh dust supplied to the guide groove 10 are crushed and crushed when passing through the paper-wasting gap 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B. Waste paper and fresh dust supplied to the guide groove 10 are ground while being transferred from the guide groove 10 to the papermaking gap 6A and from the papermaking gap 6A to the guide groove 10, and are gradually transferred downward. After being transferred to the lower part of the guide groove 10, it passes through a narrow ring slit 6 </ b> B provided at the lower end of the grinding gap 6, is further ground when passing, and is discharged from the grinding gap 6. The spacing between the papermaking gap 6A and the narrow ring slit 6B is designed in the same manner as in the apparatus shown in FIGS.

The grinding cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5 can cool the grinding cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5 to lower the grinding temperature. The apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 7 is provided with a cooling cavity 20 in the rotating member 5 and the grinding cylinder 4. Cooling water is circulated through the cavity 20.

In order to circulate the cooling water through the cavity 20, the rotary member 5 has a rotary joint 22 connected to the lower end of the rotary shaft 12. The cavity 20 of the rotating member 5 has a circulation path 21 opened at the center of the rotating shaft 12.
Through a rotary joint 22.
The rotating shaft 12 has a built-in double-tube circulation path 21. The double pipe of the rotating shaft 12 is connected to the inflow side and the discharge side of the cavity 20. The circulation path 21 of the double pipe is connected via a rotary joint 22 to a cooling water inflow path and a cooling water inflow path. Cavity 20 of grinding cylinder 4
Are connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling water. The cold water supplied from the cooling water inflow passage circulates through the rotating member 5 and the cavity 20 of the grinding cylinder 4 to cool the rotating member 5 and the grinding cylinder 4.

Further, in the grinding machines shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the grinding cylinder 4 is arranged vertically. The vertical milling cylinder can supply waste paper and fresh dust to the milling gap most efficiently. However, it goes without saying that the grinding cylinder can be arranged slightly inclined from the vertical position. Therefore, in the present specification, the expression that the grinding cylinder is vertically disposed includes a state in which the grinding cylinder is disposed substantially vertically.

Further, the attritor shown in FIGS. 3 and 7
Although the forced retraction ridge 9 is provided on either the grinding cylinder 4 or the rotating member 5, the forced retraction ridge 9 may be provided on both surfaces of the grinding cylinder 4 and the rotating member 5. Although not shown, the grinding machine provided with a plurality of forced retraction ridges on the surfaces of the grinding cylinder and the rotating member is a guide groove provided between the plurality of forced retraction ridges instead of providing a narrow groove. Used paper and garbage are stored, and waste paper and garbage are collected in the grinding gap between the outer peripheral surface of the forced ridge provided on the rotating member and the inner peripheral surface of the forced ridge provided on the grinding cylinder. Discharge while crushing.

Further, the used paper and fresh dust can be ground by the grinder shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. The attritor shown in these figures includes a supply means 23 for waste paper and fresh dust, and a triturator 3.

The supply means 23 includes a supply cylinder 24,
A screw shaft 25 and a motor 26 for rotating the screw shaft 25 are provided.

The grinding means 3 comprises a grinding cylinder 4, a rotating member 5 rotatably provided in a grinding opening 7 of the grinding cylinder 4, and a movable table 27 on which the rotating member 5 is rotatably mounted.
And a position control means 28 for moving the moving table 27.

The supply cylinder 24 is disposed horizontally, the grinding cylinder 4 is connected to the discharge side thereof, and the supply cylinder 24 and the grinding cylinder 4 are connected in series. The supply cylinder 24 is machined into a cylindrical shape having two screw shafts 25 therein. The inner surface of the supply cylinder 24 is machined to an inner diameter approaching the outer peripheral edge of the fin 29 of the screw shaft 25.

The supply cylinder 24 has an upper surface opened,
A synthetic resin supply hopper 30 is connected to the opening.
The supply hopper 30 is connected between the two screw shafts 25 so as to supply waste paper and fresh dust onto the two screw shafts 25. The two screw shafts 25 are rotatably disposed inside the supply cylinder 24.
The two screw shafts 25 are rotated in opposite directions by a motor 26, and feed the waste paper and fresh dust supplied to the supply hopper 30 to the grinding cylinder 4. A screw fin 29 is provided on the surface of the screw shaft 25.
The fins 29 have spiral shapes with mutually opposite pitches. With the fins 29 engaged with each other, the two screw shafts 25 are rotated, and the used paper and fresh dust from the supply hopper 30 are transferred to the grinding cylinder 4.

The two screw shafts 25 crush or cut the waste paper or fresh dust at the meshing portion of the fins 29 and efficiently feed it to the grinding gap 6 by pressure. Used paper and fresh dust of various shapes put into the supply hopper 30 are processed into a shape that can be efficiently rubbed in the grinding gap 6 and transferred.

The minimum gap between the fins 29 at the meshing portion is usually adjusted to 10 mm or less, preferably, to a range of 5 mm or less from the contact state. More preferably,
The minimum spacing of the fins 29 is adjusted to be approximately equal to or less than the maximum spacing of the grinding gap 6.

The two screw shafts 25 have fixed upper ends to gears 31 which are engaged with each other and rotated in opposite directions. One screw shaft 25 is connected to a motor 26, and both screw shafts 25 are rotationally driven by a gear 31. However, although not shown, it is also possible to drive the two screw shafts by separately connecting motors.

The supply means 23 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
Although one screw shaft 25 is built in, supply means having one or three or more screw shafts can also be used. Further, in the milling machine shown in the figure, the supply cylinder 24 is disposed vertically, but may be disposed horizontally or inclined. The vertical supply cylinder 24 can take in waste paper and fresh dust from the supply hopper 30 connected to the side surface, take it between the fins 29 and send it to the grinding gap 6 in such a manner as to scrape off the side surface.

The vertical supply cylinder 24 connects the supply hopper 30 to the side. The bottom surface of the supply hopper 30
It is inclined downhill toward the supply cylinder 24.
The used paper and fresh dust fed into the supply hopper 30 is pressed against the side surface of the screw shaft 25 by its own weight, and the screw shaft 25 scrapes the used paper and fresh dust from the side surface to form the grinding gap 6.
To supply. The force with which the used paper and the fresh dust are pressed against the side surface of the screw shaft 25 can be adjusted by the gradient with respect to the bottom surface of the supply hopper 30. When the bottom surface of the supply hopper 30 approaches vertically, the force with which waste paper and fresh dust are pressed against the screw shaft 4 increases, and conversely, when the bottom surface of the supply hopper 30 approaches horizontal, the pressing force decreases. The inclination angle of the bottom surface of the supply hopper 30 with respect to the horizontal plane is 0 to 80 degrees, preferably 45 to 70 degrees.
Adjusted to a range of degrees.

The grinding cylinder 4 crushes the used paper to form paper while grinding, and crushes the raw dust. The grinding cylinder 4 has a grinding opening 7. The grinding opening 7 is formed in a tapered shape whose cross-sectional area increases toward the opening end. The grinding opening 7 having this shape has a feature that waste paper and fresh dust can be efficiently ground to form a cotton wool, and the heat generation state can be adjusted by the water content of the supplied waste paper and fresh dust.

FIG. 11 shows the cross-sectional shape of the grinding opening 7. As shown in this figure, the grinding opening 7 is provided with a plurality of grooves 32. The groove 32 is provided on the inner surface of the grinding opening 7 so as to extend in the axial direction. The groove 32 is provided with the grinding opening 7.
5 to 50 articles are provided on the inner surface. The depth and width of the groove 32 are designed in the range of 1 to 10 mm . As shown in FIG. 11, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 32 may be a semicircular cross-sectional shape, or a square or trapezoidal shape (not shown). Thus, the grinding opening 7 provided with the groove 32 can reduce the slip of waste paper and fresh dust, and can efficiently grind.

The rotating member 5 is disposed coaxially with the grinding opening 7 of the grinding cylinder 4. Rotating member 5 is shown in FIG.
1 and FIG. The rotating member 5 shown in these figures has four ridges 33 extending on the surface in the axial direction. The ridge 33 crushes and grinds used paper and fresh dust sent into the grinding gap 6, and forcibly discharges the ground matter. The ridge 33 is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the rotating member 5 as shown in FIG. The inclination angle θ adjusts the state of discharge of the used paper and fresh dust. If the inclination angle θ is large, the ground paper and fresh dust that have been ground are quickly discharged. For this reason, the ability to grind waste paper and fresh dust increases. On the contrary, when the inclination angle θ is small, the passage time of the waste paper and the fresh dust in the grinding gap 6 becomes long. For this reason, the used paper and fresh dust can be sufficiently ground to be converted into paper cotton.

The inclined ridge 33 rotates the rotating member 5 to forcibly discharge waste paper and fresh dust from the grinding gap 6. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 12, the inclination direction of the ridge 33 is designed to forcibly discharge waste paper and fresh dust from the grinding gap 6 when the rotating member 5 rotates.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the cross section of the ridge 33.
It is shown in FIG. The ridge 33 shown in FIG.
A and the rear side surface 33B have different slopes, the front side surface 33A is a gently rising slope, and the rear side surface 33B is the front side surface 33B.
It has a steep descending surface than A.

The front side surface 33A has a curved surface with a gradually increasing gradient. Preferably, the front side 33A of the ridge is provided.
Has a curved surface curved with a predetermined radius of curvature. Ridge 3
The length L of the inclined portion of the front side surface 33 </ b> A is adjusted to an optimum value in consideration of the height H of the ridge 33. The height H of the ridge 33 gradually decreases toward the tip of the rotating member 7, but is designed to be 3 to 40 mm at the highest portion.

The rotating member 5 is driven to rotate by a motor 16 separate from the screw shaft 25. The rotating member 5 and the screw shaft 25 are connected in a straight line. Rotating member 5
Are supported by a movable table 27 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The rotating member 5 is moved in the axial direction by the moving table 27. Therefore, the rotating member 5 is supported by the moving table 27.

The movable table 27 is movably set on the base 11. The moving table 27 is slidably mounted in a dovetail groove (not shown) provided in the base 11. The dovetail groove is provided to extend in the axial direction of the rotating member 5 and the screw shaft 25. The moving table 27 is moved in the axial direction by the position control means 28. When the rotating member 5 is inserted into the grinding cylinder 4 by the moving table 27, the grinding gap 6 becomes narrow. Conversely, when the rotating member 5 is pulled out of the grinding cylinder 4 by the moving table 27, the grinding gap 6 becomes wider.

The stop position of the movable table 27 is adjusted to a position where the used paper and fresh dust can be crushed into an optimum state and turned into a cotton wool.
When the grinding gap 6 is narrowed, waste paper and fresh dust can be ground into a finer state and made into cotton. Further, the calorific value also increases.
For this reason, in the process of grinding used paper and fresh dust to form cotton wool, the moisture of the fresh dust can be reduced by vaporization. When the grinding gap 6 is widened, the rotating torque of the rotating member 7 is reduced, and a large amount of waste paper and fresh dust can be ground and made into cotton.

The waste paper and fresh dust made into paper by the attritor are shown in FIG.
The granulation is performed by a granulator 34 shown in FIG. Granulator 3 shown in this figure
No. 4 arrange | positions the trommel 35 with a slight downward gradient with respect to a horizontal surface. The trommel 35 is rotatably supported and connected to a motor (not shown) to rotate.

The granulator 34 supplies granulated waste paper and pulverized raw dust to one end of the rotating trommel 35 and granulates them together. Waste paper that has been made into cotton is supplied to trommel after being rehydrated with fresh dust. In other words, the raw dust and the waste paper converted into the cotton are supplied to the trommel while the moisture of the raw dust is absorbed by the waste paper converted into the cotton. The used paper and fresh dust supplied into the trommel 35 are rotated and granulated inside the trommel 35.
In other words, the waste paper and fresh dust are rolled and rolled inside the trommel 35, are entangled with fibers, are granulated, and are discharged as fuel pellets. The average particle size of the granulated fuel pellets can be adjusted by the rotation speed, diameter, total length, inclination angle, etc. of the trommel 35. The average particle size of the fuel pellets is preferably set in a range of 1 to 10 mm. The granulator 34 having this structure can quickly and efficiently granulate waste paper and fresh dust made of paper cotton.

Since the waste paper 1 and the fresh dust 1 that have been made into cotton are granulated by tangling pulp fibers, it is not always necessary to mix a binder. However, a binder can be mixed with waste paper and fresh dust, and the fuel pellets can be more firmly solidified with the binder. Furthermore, a combustible material such as powdered coal or waste oil may be added to waste paper and fresh dust to make it easier to burn. In addition, a neutralizing agent such as slaked lime can be added to the fuel pellets obtained by grinding and granulating waste paper and fresh dust containing a vinyl chloride resin.

The method for producing fuel pellets of the present invention does not specify a method and an apparatus for granulating waste paper and fresh dust that have been made into cotton by a crusher as described above. Recycled waste paper and crushed raw dust can be made into fuel pellets using all granulators currently in use or to be developed.
For example, as shown in a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 15, waste paper and fresh dust made into paper are supplied into a cylinder 36, and this is pushed out from a through hole 37 at a lower end by a piston or a roller, and is pushed out from the through hole 37. Waste paper and fresh dust can be cut with a knife 38 and granulated into pellets. This method makes it easy to move by adding fresh dust to waste paper,
Granulation can be performed more efficiently. Fuel pellets granulated by this method can reduce bulk specific gravity by tightly binding fresh dust and waste paper.

[0063]

EXAMPLES Example 1 100 parts by weight of fresh dust having a water content of 80 wt%, and waste paper 1
And 100 parts by weight together are fed to the attritor shown in FIGS. The raw dust supplied to the attritor is pulverized, and the waste paper is turned into cotton and discharged. The raw dust passing through the attritor has moisture adsorbed on the waste paper that has been made into cotton wool, and a part of the moisture is removed by being vaporized by frictional heat generated during the attrition. The crushed raw dust and the waste paper that has been made into cotton are mixed with each other and discharged from the attritor.

A mixture of waste paper converted into cotton and pulverized raw dust discharged from the attritor is supplied to one end of a trommel 35 shown in FIG. A fuel pellet having a particle size of about 5 mm is obtained. The fuel pellets produced by this method had a moisture content of about 30 wt%. When the fuel pellets were supplied to the combustion furnace, they burned well without being forcibly burned with heavy oil or the like.

Example 2 Fuel pellets were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that raw dust and waste paper were separately ground using the mills shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Fuel pellets produced by this method also have a moisture content of about 3
It was 0 wt% and burned well.

Example 3 Fuel pellets were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that waste oil was sprayed when granulating with Trommel 35. The amount of waste oil added was about 5 wt%. The fuel pellets produced by this method burned well, no better than the fuel pellets of Example 1.

[Example 4] Using fresh dust which was squeezed to adjust the water content to 70 wt%,
Further, except that 5 wt% of pulverized coal is added to waste paper and raw dust to be supplied to the attritor and that the granulator shown in FIG. 15 is used.
Fuel pellets were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
The fuel pellets produced by this method burned well without being forcibly burned with heavy oil or the like.

[0068]

According to the method for producing fuel pellets of the present invention, raw dust having a high moisture content can be discarded simply and easily and effectively utilized as a flammable fuel. That is, the method of producing fuel pellets of the present invention is to add waste paper made into paper flint to crushed raw dust to adsorb moisture, and to entangle the fibers of waste paper made into paper flint, and to mix raw dust and waste paper. Is solidified and formed into flammable pellets. Waste paper made of paper cotton has a property of easily absorbing moisture, easily entangled with fibers, and more easily burned. In the present invention, waste paper processed in this state is added to pulverized raw dust, and raw dust that is very difficult to burn as it is is adjusted in moisture content, processed into a form that is easily combustible, and formed into fuel pellets. . For this reason, the method for producing fuel pellets of the present invention realizes an extremely excellent feature when a huge amount of raw dust discarded at a huge cost can be effectively used as a fuel.

Further, according to the method for producing fuel pellets of the present invention, waste paper or raw dust is supplied between the rotating member and the grinding cylinder, and the waste paper is turned into paper cotton and the raw dust is crushed. Various kinds of waste paper laminated with plastic or metal foil can be efficiently used to make cotton, and various kinds of raw dust can be supplied and pulverized efficiently. In this state, the used paper and the crushed raw dust are entangled with the fiberized cotton to reduce the amount of the binder used or to eliminate the use of the binder to produce the used paper and the raw dust. There is a feature that can be granulated. If a binder such as plastic is used to granulate waste paper and fresh dust, the production cost increases. Also, when used as a fuel, the binder is also burned together, which can adversely affect the furnace. The method of the present invention is characterized in that fuel pellets that easily burn waste paper and fresh dust can be obtained with less such adverse effects and with a small or no binder addition amount.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a method for granulating fuel pellets by separately grinding raw dust and waste paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a method for granulating fuel pellets by grinding raw dust and waste paper together according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a crusher for fresh dust and waste paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged plan view of the attritor shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a portion where a rotating member and a narrow groove face in a grinder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rotating member of the grinding machine shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a grinder showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged plan view of the attritor shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a grinder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the attritor shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view of a grinding opening of the grinding machine shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a side view of the rotating member shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of a ridge shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a granulator for granulating waste paper and fresh dust made into cotton by the attritor.

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing another granulator for granulating used paper and fresh dust.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fresh dust 2 ... Waste paper 3 ... Grinding means 4 ... Grinding cylinder 5 ... Rotating member 6 ... Grinding gap 6A ... Paper cottoning gap 6B ...
Narrow ring slit 7 ... Grinding opening 8 ... Narrow groove 9 ... Forced drawing ridge 9A ... Outer peripheral surface 9B ...
Inner peripheral surface 10 Guide groove 10A Storage pocket 11 Base 12 Rotating shaft 13 Bearing 14 Sprocket 15 Timing belt 16 Motor 17 Sprocket 18 Discharge blade 19 Disk 20 Cavity 21 Circulation path DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 22 ... Rotary joint 23 ... Supply means 24 ... Supply cylinder 25 ... Screw shaft 26 ... Motor 27 ... Transfer stand 28 ... Position control means 29 ... Fin 30 ... Supply hopper 31 ... Gear 32 ... Groove 33 ... Protrusion 33A ... Front side 33B
... Rear side 34 ... Granulator 35 ... Trommel 36 ... Cylinder 37 ... Through hole 38 ... Cutter

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] (1) grinding the raw dust (1) to make the waste paper (2) into cotton;
The fibers of waste paper (2) made into paper cotton are entangled to form pellets.
Fuel pellet manufacturing method using raw dust
The raw dust (1) and waste paper (2), the grinding cylinder (4) and the rotating member (5)
Together with the milling gap (6) between
The waste paper is made into cotton wool, and the rotating member (5) has a convex
Uses Articles (9) and (33) provided in multiple rows on the surface
And the inner peripheral surface of the ridges (9) and (33) and the inside of the grinding cylinder (4).
Form a gap between the paper and the surface, and rotate the rotating member (5).
To allow the raw dust and waste paper to pass through the gap
A method for producing fuel pellets, comprising crushing . 2. Used paper made from waste paper (2) and converted into paper cotton
In the method for producing fuel pellets in which (2) is added to fresh dust (1) and granulated into pellets, waste paper (2) is mixed between a grinding cylinder (4) and a rotating member (5).
It is supplied to the milling gap (6) to be turned into cotton, and the rotating member (5) is provided with a convex inclined with respect to the rotation axis.
Uses Articles (9) and (33) provided in multiple rows on the surface
And the inner peripheral surface of the ridges (9) and (33) and the inside of the grinding cylinder (4).
Form a gap between the paper and the surface, and rotate the rotating member (5).
By passing the used paper through the gap
The waste paper (2) that has been crushed and made into cotton is added to the crushed raw dust (1), and the waste paper (2) absorbs the moisture of the raw dust (1) to make the raw dust (1). A method for producing fuel pellets using raw dust as a raw material, wherein the moisture is reduced and the fibers of the waste paper (2) are entangled to granulate the raw dust (1) into pellets. 3. A grinding cylinder for recycling waste paper (2) and fresh dust (1).
It is separately supplied to a separate device for grinding in the grinding gap (6) between (4) and the rotating member (5), and into the waste paper (2) that has been made into cotton in the grinding gap (6), Add the raw dust (1) crushed in the grinding gap (6),
3. The method for producing fuel pellets from raw dust according to claim 2, wherein the raw dust (1) is granulated into pellets by entanglement of fibers of the waste paper (2).