JP2877563B2 - Automatic load distribution device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic load distribution device installed in a hydroelectric power plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a hydroelectric power plant having a plurality of water turbines and generators, a load for distributing a comprehensive output command value set by a control station or a power plant to each unit efficiently and adjusting the load of each unit. Distribution devices may be installed. FIG. 4 shows an outline of the entire load distribution device when there are two water turbines and generators.

In FIG. 4, a load distribution circuit 10 efficiently distributes a given total output command value PO to each of the units (to minimize the flow rate of the turbine with respect to the generator output). This is a circuit for calculating output command values PO1 and PO2.
The output deviation calculating circuits 21 and 22 are connected to the load distribution circuit 10.
This is a circuit for calculating the output deviations PH1 and PH2 of each unit by subtracting the generator outputs PA1 and PA2 of each unit from the output command values P01 and P02 to each unit calculated in. Pulse generation circuit 3
Numerals 1 and 32 are circuits for outputting pulses having widths proportional to the output deviations PH1 and PH2 of the respective units calculated by the output deviation calculation circuits 21 and 22 as output control signals PC1 and PC2.

FIG. 5 shows a relationship characteristic (QT-PG characteristic) between a water turbine flow rate QT and a generator output PG. This QT-PG
As can be seen from the characteristics, the turbine flow rate QT and the generator output P
G is not proportional, and the variation ΔPG of the generator output with respect to the variation ΔQT of the water turbine flow QT changes according to the value of the water turbine flow QT. In addition, the characteristics of turbines / generators are different from each other. When there are two or more turbines / generators, even if the total sum of the generator output of each unit is the same, each unit depends on how it is distributed to each unit. The sum of the turbine flow will be different. Therefore, in order to use water resources efficiently, it is necessary to distribute the total output command value to each of the units such that the total turbine flow becomes minimum with respect to the given total generator output.

[0005] The load distribution circuit 10 in FIG. 4 is a circuit for distributing the total output command value PO as described above to the output command values PO1 and PO2 to the respective units so that the total turbine flow rate is minimized. FIG. 6 shows the conventional processing contents.

[0006] The minimum turbine flow rate detection unit 11 in FIG. 6 is based on a preset relationship between the generator output PG1 and the turbine flow QT1 and a relationship between the generator output PG2 and the turbine flow QT2. Total turbine flow Q against generator output PG0
This is to detect a combination of the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit such that T0 is minimized. That is, for all combinations in which the sum of the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit is equal to the total output command value Po, the generator output P
Calculate the turbine flow rates QT1 and QT2 of each unit for G1 and PG2 and the total turbine flow rate QT0 which is the sum thereof, select the minimum minimum total turbine flow rate Q2MIN among all the calculated total turbine flow rates QT0, and The generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of the unit are set as output command values PO1 and PO2 of each unit.

[0007]

As described above, in the conventional load distribution device, the characteristics of the relationship between the water turbine flow rate QT and the generator output PG are set in advance in the load distribution circuit, and the load distribution circuit is used to improve the efficiency. Although load distribution is performed, the turbine flow QT
In order to set the relationship characteristics between the turbine and the generator output PG, it is necessary to perform calculation using the relationship characteristics between the turbine flow rate and the turbine output of the turbine alone and the generator efficiency characteristics of the generator alone. However, the calculation has to be performed based on the data for each head of water, and a large amount of data consumes a lot of time. In particular, since the turbine and the generator are designed and manufactured separately, it is often impossible to obtain the characteristic data of both turbines at the same time. Becomes In such a case, the characteristics of the relationship between the turbine flow rate QT and the generator output PG are obtained by temporarily using the data of turbines and generators used in similar plants. Must be re-determined to obtain the normal turbine flow rate QT and the generator output PG, so that double work is required.

In the case of a partial update such as replacement of a turbine or a generator alone, although only one of the characteristics of the turbine or the generator changes, the characteristic data of the relationship between the turbine flow QT and the generator output PG. It is necessary to redo all the calculations of, and a lot of time is spent.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and reduces the time and effort required to obtain the relationship characteristics between the turbine flow rate QT and the generator output PG in advance, and changes the characteristic data of the turbine and the generator. The purpose is to be able to easily respond to

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided:
Relationship characteristics between turbine flow rates QT1 and QT2 of each unit and turbine outputs PT1 and PT2 and generator efficiency characteristics (turbine output PT1,
Memory units 1A to 1D for storing the relational characteristics between PT2 and the generator outputs PG1 and PG2), and an arithmetic unit 2A for calculating the relational characteristics between the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 and the turbine flow rates QT1 and QT2 from both the characteristics, 2B is provided.

[0011]

The memory units 1A to 1D and the arithmetic units 2A and 2B
If the characteristic data of the turbine and the generator are available, the automatic load distribution device can be immediately activated without having to determine in advance the relationship characteristics between the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit and the turbine flow rates QT1 and QT2. Is what you do.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Although the entirety of the present automatic load distribution device is similar to that of the conventional automatic load distribution device shown in FIG. 4, the contents of the load distribution circuit of the automatic load distribution device are largely different from those of the conventional load distribution circuit.

The load distribution circuit in the present automatic load distribution device is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes memory units 1A to 1D.
And operation units 2A and 2B. Memory unit 1A is 1
The memory unit 1B stores the relationship between the turbine flow rate QT1 of the unit and the turbine output PT1, and the memory unit 1B stores the generator efficiency characteristics of the unit 1 (the relationship between the turbine output PT1 of the unit 1 and the generator output PG1).
C stores the relationship between the turbine flow rate QT2 and the turbine output PT2 of Unit 2 and the memory unit 1D stores the generator efficiency characteristic of Unit 2 (the relationship between the turbine output PT2 of Unit 2 and the generator output PG2). is there.

The operation unit 2A for the first unit and the operation unit 2B for the second unit include a relationship characteristic between the turbine flow QT1 and the turbine output PT1 of the first unit, a generator efficiency characteristic of the first unit, and a turbine flow QT1 of the second unit and the turbine. From the relation characteristics of the output PT2 and the generator efficiency characteristics of the second unit, the generator output PG1 of the first unit and the turbine flow rate QT1
The relationship characteristics between the generator output PG2 of the second unit and the water turbine flow rate QT2 are calculated. The minimum turbine flow rate detection unit 11
As before, the generator output PG1 of the first unit and the turbine flow rate QT1
Characteristics of the generator, generator output PG2 of Unit 2 and turbine flow QT2
From the relation characteristics of the above, the generator output P G of each unit is such that the total turbine flow rate Q T0 becomes minimum with respect to the total generator output P G0.
1. Detect the combination of PG2. That is, for all combinations in which the sum of the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit is equal to the total output command value Po, the turbine flow rates QT1 and QT2 of each unit and the sum of the turbine outputs QT1 and QT2 with respect to the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit Is calculated, and the minimum total turbine flow Q2MIN which is the smallest of all the calculated total turbine flows QT0 is calculated.
Is selected, and the generator outputs PG1 and PG2 of each unit at that time are set as output command values PO1 and PO2 to each unit.

FIG. 2 shows the operation unit 1 of the first unit shown in FIG.
It is explanatory drawing of A.

As shown in the figure, first, the turbine output PTX at the time of the generator output PGX is calculated from the generator efficiency characteristics, and then, the current effective head HX is calculated based on the relationship characteristic between the turbine flow rate QT and the turbine output P. A water turbine flow rate QTX with respect to the water turbine output PTX in the case of H1 in the example is calculated. The above processing,
For each head HX (H1, H2, H3, H4 in the example), the turbine output from the no-load state of the generator output PG1 to the rated load is performed in accordance with a constant step load, so that the turbine flow for the generator output PG1 for each head HX The characteristic data of QT1 can be calculated.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the arithmetic unit 1A.

As shown in the figure, first, no load is applied to the PGX,
The effective head HX is set to the minimum head H1, the turbine output PTX with respect to the generator output PGX is calculated from the generator efficiency characteristics, and then the turbine flow with respect to the calculated turbine output PTX is calculated from the relationship between the turbine flow QT1 and the turbine output PT1. Calculate QTX. Thus, the turbine flow rate QTX with respect to the generator output PGX at the time of the minimum head H1 is calculated, and the head H1, the generator output PGX, and the turbine output QTX at that time are stored. Furthermore, by calculating the turbine output QTX for each generator output PGX when the generator output PGX is increased to the rated output in increments of αMW, the relationship between the generator output PG1 at the time of the minimum head drop H1 and the turbine flow QT1 is calculated. Characteristics are obtained. Next, the same calculation is performed for the case where the head H is increased to the maximum head H4 in increments of β (m), and the relationship between the generator output PG1 and the water turbine flow rate QT1 at each head HX is obtained.

The arithmetic unit 1B of the second unit shown in FIG.
Similarly, the relationship between the generator output PG2 and the water turbine flow rate QT2 is obtained. In this embodiment, the case where the number of turbines and generators is two has been described. However, even when the number of turbines and generators is three or more, similar processing is performed by storing the characteristic data of each company and the generator. be able to.

[0020]

By using the automatic load distribution device of the present invention, the relation characteristic data of the turbine flow rate and the turbine output of each unit and the generator efficiency characteristic data of each unit are stored in the load distribution device, and each unit is automatically stored. The following effects can be obtained by calculating the relationship characteristics between the turbine flow rate and the generator output.

(1) It is not necessary to calculate the relationship between the flow rate of the turbine and the output of the generator prior to shipment, which can reduce the labor required for shipping processing.

(2) Even if either the relation characteristic data of the turbine flow rate and the turbine output or the generator efficiency characteristic is not available, the provisional characteristic data is used, and if the distribution function is confirmed, the characteristic data can be obtained. It is only necessary to replace the characteristic data at the time when the data can be obtained, and it is not necessary to calculate the relationship between the turbine flow rate and the generator output again, and the process can proceed regardless of the presence or absence of the characteristic data.

(3) Conventionally, the turbine stores the characteristic data of the relation between the turbine flow rate and the generator output obtained by synthesizing the characteristic data of the generator. Therefore, even if one characteristic data is changed, the other characteristic data is stored. In the present invention, only the change and confirmation of one of the characteristic data need be performed, while the entire change including and confirmation is required, so that the on-site adjustment time can be significantly reduced.

(4) In particular, in the case of replacement of a single turbine, etc., it is only necessary to change the updated characteristic data of the equipment, and the relation characteristic data between the turbine flow rate and the generator output is automatically calculated. Therefore, it is not necessary to measure the relationship between the turbine flow rate and the generator output for each head at all points at the site, and both the design time of the characteristic data of the turbine flow rate and the generator output and the verification test time at the site are greatly reduced. Can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a load distribution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a calculation unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process in a calculation unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing the whole of a conventional apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship characteristic between a turbine flow rate and a generator output.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional load distribution circuit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A to 1D memory unit 2A, 2B arithmetic unit 10 load distribution circuit

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A total output command value for a plurality of turbines / generators of a hydroelectric power plant based on each unit output command value calculated from a relational characteristic between a generator output of each unit and a flow rate of a turbine by a load distribution circuit. In the automatic distribution device for distributing the power, a memory unit for storing the relation characteristics between the turbine flow rate and the turbine output of each unit and the generator efficiency characteristics, and the calculation for calculating the relation characteristic between the generator output and the turbine flow rate of each unit from both characteristics And an automatic load distribution device.