JP2880474B2 - Automatic grafting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic grafting apparatus for grafting a scion to a stock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grafting is a method in which a part of a plant (spike) is joined to another plant (stock) to obtain a plant having desired properties, thereby regulating the vigor and promoting flowering. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of results and improve the quality. An example of an automatic grafting apparatus that automatically performs the grafting process as described above is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-31038. In this automatic grafting apparatus, as shown in FIG. 18 of the above publication, the stem of the scion is cut into a wedge shape, a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of the stock, and the stem of the scion is replaced with the stem of the stock. The hole on the upper end face of the section is configured to be grafted.

[0003]

As described above, when a hole is made in the upper end surface of a rootstock of a rootstock, the diameter of this hole is smaller than the diameter of the rootstock of the rootstock, and the hole itself is very small. In the automatic grafting device described above, the stem of the scion is joined to a small hole in the upper end surface of the stem of the rootstock. On the other hand, the stem of the rootstock and the stem of the scion are often in a state in which the orientation is uneven and soft and easily change the direction. It is often difficult to join the stems of the rootstock and the stem of the scion. Further, in a rootstock that may be called a small seedling, it is actually difficult to make a small hole in a very narrow area called an upper end face of a thin stem portion of the rootstock.

[0004] In the above-mentioned automatic grafting device, when drilling a hole in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, all the roots of the rootstock remain, so that the rootstock of the rootstock grows after the grafting process. In some cases, the growth of the cotyledon of the rootstock may hinder the growth of the scion. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic grafting apparatus so that the growth of a stock of a rootstock is not hindered by the growth of cotyledons so that a rootstock and a scion can be successfully joined.

[0005]

[1]

Rootstock holding means for holding a rootstock at a predetermined position, rootstock cutting means for cutting a joint corresponding to the rootstock held at a predetermined position by the rootstock holding means into a predetermined bonding shape, and ears for holding the scion The tree holding means and the scion holding means for holding the scion are moved to the rootstock side, which is held at a predetermined position by the stock holding means and the part corresponding to the joint is cut into the predetermined joint shape, to form a predetermined joint shape. An operating means for operating the scion holding means so as to join the cut-equivalent joint part and the scion joint part to each other at a predetermined position is provided.

[2] In the configuration of the above item [1], there is provided a stock sensor for detecting a stock at a predetermined position before the stock cutting means and the operating means are operated.

[0007]

[Action]

[I] As in the automatic grafting device described in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-31038, when a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, a portion to which the stem of a scion can be joined. Is only a small part called the hole mentioned above. On the other hand, according to the features of the first aspect, the joints corresponding to the rootstock are cut into a predetermined joint shape, and the joints corresponding to the rootstock cut into the predetermined joint shape and the joints corresponding to the scions. Joined. In this case, by cutting diagonally the joint equivalent to the rootstock,
The part that can be joined at the part corresponding to the joint of the scion can be made larger than the small part called the hole. As a result, the joint between the stock and the scion is not affected without being affected by the condition of the stem of the stock and the stalk of the scion, which tend to change direction and are soft and easy to change. Without fail.

[0008] In the case of a configuration in which a portion corresponding to a rootstock is cut into a predetermined bonding shape as in the characteristic of the first aspect, an object to be cut is a very narrow area called an upper end face of a root portion of the rootstock. Rather, a relatively wide range, that is, the entire stem of the rootstock (the part corresponding to the joint) is to be cut. As a result, the portion corresponding to the rootstock can be reliably cut into a predetermined bonding shape without being affected by the condition of the root portion of the rootstock, which is likely to be uneven and soft and easily change direction. can do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when cutting a part corresponding to a rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, a part (or all) of the rootstock is cut off. Since it is less likely that the cotyledon grows, there is no situation in which the growth of the stock of the rootstock hinders the growth of the scion.

[II] When a portion corresponding to a rootstock at a predetermined position is cut into a predetermined bonding shape, the rootstock is transported from the aforementioned predetermined position to another position, and at this another position, the rootstock and the ear It is conceivable to join the tree. However, with this configuration, the posture of the rootstock may change due to vibration during transport from the above-mentioned predetermined position to another position, so that the rootstock and the scion are joined at the above-mentioned another position. At this time, it may happen that the joining cannot be performed properly.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a state where the stock is held at a predetermined position by the stock holding means, a part corresponding to the stock is cut into a predetermined joining shape, and the position corresponding to this predetermined position is cut. The scion is joined to the rootstock. After cutting the portion corresponding to the joining at the predetermined position in this way, by performing joining with the scion at this predetermined position without moving the rootstock from the predetermined position, the posture of the rootstock due to vibration during transport or the like can be changed. Since there is no change, there is no occurrence of a situation in which the stock and the scion, which have been cut into a predetermined joint shape at the joint-corresponding portion, cannot be joined properly.

[III] According to the feature of the second aspect, similar to the case of the first aspect, the “action” described in the above [I] and [II] is provided, and in addition, the following “action” is provided. "Is provided. According to the feature of claim 2, before the joint corresponding to the rootstock is cut into a predetermined joint shape and before the rootstock and the scion are joined, the presence or absence of the rootstock at the predetermined position is detected by the rootstock sensor. Is done. By providing the presence / absence sensor for detecting the presence / absence of a rootstock at a predetermined position in this way, it is easy to operate the rootstock cutting means and the operation means even when there is no rootstock at the predetermined position. Can be avoided.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion can be joined by cutting the portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined joint shape and performing the grafting process. The portion can be made large, and the object of cutting can be a relatively wide range of the entire stem portion of the rootstock (corresponding to the joint). Thereby, the predetermined joint shape of the joint equivalent to the rootstock can be obtained without being affected by the condition of the stem portion of the rootstock and the stem portion of the scion that is soft and easily changed in direction. Cutting and joining of the stock and the scion can be performed without any trouble, and the failure rate of the grafting process in the automatic grafting device can be suppressed. At a predetermined position, a portion corresponding to the rootstock is cut into a predetermined bonding shape, and by configuring so that the scion is bonded to the rootstock located at the predetermined position, the corresponding portion of the rootstock has a predetermined bonding shape. Since a state in which the scion cannot be successfully joined to the cut rootstock can be avoided beforehand, the failure rate of grafting processing in the automatic grafting apparatus can be suppressed. According to the feature of claim 1, when cutting a part corresponding to a rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, it can be configured to cut off the rootstock cotyledon (part or all), so that the rootstock cotyledon can be cut off. It was possible to prevent a situation in which the growth of the scion is hindered by the growth, and it was possible to improve the survival rate of the automatic grafting device.

According to the features of the second aspect, similar to the first aspect, the "effect of the invention" of the first aspect is provided, and in addition to this, the following "effect of the invention" is provided. . By providing a stock sensor as in the features of claim 2,
Since it is possible to easily avoid a situation in which the rootstock cutting means and the operating means are operated even when there is no rootstock at the predetermined position, the failure rate of the grafting process in the automatic grafting device can be reduced. It could be further suppressed.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a joining means 6 for holding and joining a stock A and a scion B individually is provided, and a stock that is cultivated in a flower pot 11 and is arranged horizontally on a mounting table 12. A (a tip of the stock A is roughly cut off as necessary) to prevent the tip of the stock A from being damaged.
The rootstock holding means 61 for elastically holding the seedlings 1a via the springs 62a and the scionholding means 62 for elastically holding the seedlings B sowed and germinated via the springs 62a so as not to be damaged. Means 6 are constituted.

A movable table 82 is provided which reciprocates in a direction approaching and moving away from the mounting table 12 in accordance with the forward and reverse rotation of the screw shaft 14 connected to the output shaft 13a of the motor 13.
By a turning motor 81 mounted on a moving table 82 together with a fixing device 91 and the like described later, the turning unit 81 turns 90 ° at a time, and a first posture (a posture indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1) and a second posture (a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). 3), and a three-way arm 15 which takes three postures (a posture shown in FIG. 2) and a first arm 15 a constituting a part of the three-way arm 15. Means 62 are provided.

The first, second, and third postures will be specifically described. The first posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located farthest from the rootstock A, and the third posture is a first arm 15a.
Is a posture that turns 180 ° from the first posture and becomes a position closest to the rootstock A. The second posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located at an intermediate position between the first and second postures.

The remaining second arm 15b of the three-way arm 15
Is extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first arm 15a, and assumes an upward posture in the first posture. Three-way arm 1
The remaining third arm 15c of 5 extends on the opposite side of the first arm 15a, and is located closest to the stock A in the first posture. A proximity sensor 17 (corresponding to a stock sensor) is attached to the tip of the third arm 15c, and the tip of the stock A is sensed by the proximity sensor 17.

A cutting means 7 is provided for cutting each of the portions corresponding to the joining of the stock A and the scion B into a predetermined joining shape while holding the stock A and the scion B by the joining means 6. The cam means 71b supported by the support member 71a extended from 82 is moved to the mounting table 12 supporting the flowerpot 11 (hereinafter referred to as the rootstock A side). A cam roller type scion cutter 71 for cutting the joint portions of the scion B arranged between them into a predetermined joint shape by bringing the blade portions close to each other;
Is rotatably mounted on the distal end of the second arm 15b, and by rotating it to pivot the three-way arm 15 from the first position to the second position, the stock A held by the stock holding means 61. Rootstock cutter 72 (corresponding to rootstock cutting means) that cuts a part equivalent to the joint into a predetermined joint shape.
Thus, the cutting means 7 is constituted.

The distance from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the cutting edge of the cutting portion of the scion B held and cut by the scion holding means 62 is from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the cutting edge of the stock cutter 72. Constant distance α, rather than distance to distant position
(See FIG. 1).

Positioning means 8 is provided for adjusting the position of the joint corresponding to the stock A and the scion B cut into a predetermined joint shape while holding the stock A and the scion B by the joining means 6. In addition, the positioning means 8 is constituted by a turning motor 81 and a moving table 82 as main elements.

A fixing means 9 is provided for fixing the joints of the stock A and the scion B whose positions corresponding to the joining have been adjusted by the positioning means 8, and the fixing means 9 is mounted on a movable base 82. , A fixing device 91 for feeding out a fixing medium such as a band or a tape and fixing the joint with the fixing medium.

When the grafting process of the scion B to the stock A is performed by the above structure, first, the flowerpot 11 is placed on the mounting table 12, the stock A is held by the stock holding means 61, and the three-way arm is held. With the 15 in the first posture shown in FIG. 1, the scion B is supplied to the tip of the first arm 15a and the scion B is held by the scion holding means 62.

Next, while the three-way arm 15 is in the first posture, the movable table 82 is moved to the stock A, and the proximity sensor 1 is moved.
Until the tip 7 of the stock A is detected, the scion cutter 71 cuts a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion B into a predetermined joint shape. Then, the moving table 82 is further moved to the stock A, and when the proximity sensor 17 detects the tip of the stock A, the movement of the moving table 82 is stopped, and the rotation of the stock cutter 72 is started. By turning the three-way arm 15 by 90 ° to the second position while maintaining the position, the portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape (the stock A is held by the stock holding means 61 at the predetermined position). In this state, a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape).

When a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape, the three-way arm 15 is further turned by 90 ° while the rotation of the stock cutter 72 is stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the joint corresponding to the stock A and the joint equivalent to the scion B are in a state in which they face each other with a predetermined distance α. Table 82
Is moved toward the stock A by a certain distance α, and the position corresponding to the joint of the stock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned. In order to more reliably move the moving table 82 by a certain distance α, a stopper 82 is provided at a predetermined position on the moving table 82.
a, and the movable table 82 may be forcibly positioned by bringing the stopper 82a into contact with the fixed portion (in a state where the stock A is held by the stock holding means 61 at a predetermined position, the stock A (Corresponding to a state in which the joint equivalent portion of the scion B is joined to the joint equivalent portion of (1)).

Next, the joint portion between the stock A and the scion B that has been aligned is fixed using a fixing medium fed out from the fixing device 91. In this way, the stock A and the scion B
Is completed, the holding of the scion B by the scion holding means 62 is released, the moving table 82 is returned to the original position, and then the three-way arm 15 is turned 180 ° in the reverse direction. Return to the first position. The holding by the stock holding means 61 is released, and the stock A with the scion B grafted is removed together with the flowerpot 11.

Alternative Embodiment (a) In the above-described embodiment, the stock A and the scion B are configured to be held at one place, but the stock A and the scion B are held at two places. In this case, the stock A and the scion B grown in the oblique direction can be straightened, and the alignment of the portion corresponding to the joining can be more reliably performed.

(B) In the above-described embodiment, the distance from the turning center of the three-way arm 15 to the farthest position of the cutting edge from the turning center of the three-piece arm 15 is held by the scion holding means 62 from the turning center of the three-way arm 15. If the distance between the cut scion B and the tip of the cutting portion is matched, the three-way arm 15 is moved from the state where the stock A is cut by the stock cutter 72 (second posture).
Is rotated by 90 °, so that the position corresponding to the joint of the rootstock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned.

(C) In the above embodiment, the three-way arm 15
Is rotated by 180 °, the three-way arm 15 is reversed to return to the original first posture.
It is also possible to make a 60 ° turn to return to the original first posture.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where a three-way arm is in a first posture.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state where the three-way arm is in a third posture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 17 Rootstock sensor 61 Rootstock holding means 62 Hoki holding means 72 Rootstock cutting means A Rootstock B Hoki

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rootstock holding means (61) for holding a rootstock (A) at a predetermined position, and a portion corresponding to a joint of the rootstock (A) held at a predetermined position by the rootstock holding means (61). A stock cutting means (72) for cutting into a predetermined joining shape; a scion holding means (62) for holding the scion (B); and a joint corresponding to being held at a predetermined position by the stock holding means (61). The scion holding means (62) for holding the scion (B) is moved to the stock (A) side where the portion is cut into the predetermined joint shape, and the stock (A) cut into the predetermined joint shape is moved. )
And an operating means for operating the scion holding means (62) so that the joint equivalent part of the above and the joint equivalent of the scion (B) are joined to each other at the predetermined position. apparatus. 2. The rootstock (A) at the predetermined position before the rootstock cutting means (72) and the operating means are operated.
The automatic grafting device according to claim 1, further comprising a stock sensor (17) for detecting the temperature.