JP2884532B2 - Composite materials for electrical contacts - Google Patents
Composite materials for electrical contactsInfo
- Publication number
- JP2884532B2 JP2884532B2 JP2110306A JP11030690A JP2884532B2 JP 2884532 B2 JP2884532 B2 JP 2884532B2 JP 2110306 A JP2110306 A JP 2110306A JP 11030690 A JP11030690 A JP 11030690A JP 2884532 B2 JP2884532 B2 JP 2884532B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- contact
- base material
- alloy layer
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017937 Ag-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017984 Ag—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、Ag−酸化物系材料を芯材とし、その外周に
Ag合金層を形成したAg−酸化物系による電気接点用複合
材料に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention uses an Ag-oxide-based material as a core material,
The present invention relates to a composite material for an electrical contact using an Ag-oxide system having an Ag alloy layer formed thereon.
電気接点材料として従来、AgやAg−NiあるいはAg中に
CdやSn等の酸化物を分散させた材料等が用いられてい
る。Conventionally, Ag, Ag-Ni or Ag
Materials in which oxides such as Cd and Sn are dispersed are used.
なかでも、Ag−CdO系は耐溶着性、耐消耗性等に優
れ、使用範囲が広いことで知られているが、加工性や台
材への固着接合が問題となる。Among them, Ag-CdO-based alloys are known for their excellent welding resistance, wear resistance and the like, and are known to have a wide range of use. However, they have problems in workability and adhesion bonding to a base material.
すなわち、台材と接点との界面にCdO等の酸化物が存
在するため、非酸化物系の材料と比較してスポット溶接
やろう付けでの接合強度が著しく小さい。そこで、Ag−
CdO系材料を母材としてその台材との接合部あるいは母
材の外周にスポット溶接やろう付けを可能にするAg層を
形成した材料が考えられている。That is, since an oxide such as CdO exists at the interface between the base material and the contact, the joining strength by spot welding or brazing is remarkably low as compared with a non-oxide-based material. Therefore, Ag-
A material in which a CdO-based material is used as a base material and an Ag layer which enables spot welding or brazing on a joint with the base material or an outer periphery of the base material is considered.
近年、各産業分野における合理化、機械装置の自動化
は目覚ましい発達を遂げているが、これに伴い装置はま
すます大型化、複雑化する傾向にあるのに対し、これら
の制御系は寧ろ小型化、動作の高頻度化、大容量化が要
求されている。また、機器の頻繁な運転に伴いその制御
のスイッチにあってはその接点表面が開閉に伴うアーク
熱やジュール熱によって稼働時には局部的に溶融するほ
どの高温に熱せられ、休止時には室温にまで低下するこ
とになり、高温と低温の熱サイクルが繰り返されること
になる。In recent years, rationalization and automation of mechanical devices in various industrial fields have been remarkably developed, but with this trend, devices are becoming larger and more complex, but these control systems are rather smaller, High frequency operation and large capacity are required. In addition, with the frequent operation of the equipment, the contact surface of the control switch is heated to a high enough temperature to melt locally during operation due to arc heat and Joule heat accompanying opening and closing, and drops to room temperature when stopped. Therefore, the high-temperature and low-temperature thermal cycles are repeated.
このような状況下でAg−酸化物系接点材料を使用する
と、頻繁な膨張、収縮を繰り返し受けることになり、接
点内部に複雑な応力が集中的に加わり、接点の表面を凹
面状にするような弓状の湾曲変形が生じるため、スポッ
ト溶接やろう付けを可能にするために設けられたAg層は
接点母材あるいは台材との境界面において引き剥がされ
るような強い応力を受ける。When using the Ag-oxide based contact material under such circumstances, frequent expansion and contraction will be repeated, complex stress will be intensively applied inside the contact, and the contact surface will be concave. Since an arcuate curved deformation occurs, the Ag layer provided to enable spot welding and brazing receives a strong stress that peels off at the interface with the contact base material or the base material.
これにより、Ag自体の機械的強度の低さと相まって接
点母材や台材との接合強度に問題が多く発生する。すな
わち、使用時にAg−酸化物系材料の接点性能が充分に発
揮できないまま、接点母材とAgまたは台材との剥離等の
現象を生じることになり、それが異常消耗へと発展する
ため、これらの改善が望まれている。This causes many problems in the bonding strength between the contact base material and the base material in combination with the low mechanical strength of Ag itself. That is, while the contact performance of the Ag-oxide-based material cannot be sufficiently exhibited during use, a phenomenon such as separation of the contact base material and Ag or the base material occurs, which causes abnormal wear. These improvements are desired.
本発明は、Agの中に１〜12wt％のCd酸化物と、0.01〜
2wt％のTe酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のSb酸化物と、0.05〜
5wt％のSn酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のIn酸化物とを分散さ
せた材料を芯材とし、その外周にAg中にCd、Te、Sb、S
n、Inの各元素の内の２種以上を0.01〜2wt％の範囲で添
加したAg合金層を形成し、かつその複合材料の断面積全
体に占めるAg合金層の面積比率が５〜40％であることを
特徴とする。The present invention relates to a method for producing Cd oxide of 1 to 12 wt% in Ag,
2wt% Te oxide, 0.05-5wt% Sb oxide, 0.05 ~
The core material is a material in which 5 wt% of Sn oxide and 0.05 to 5 wt% of In oxide are dispersed, and Cd, Te, Sb, S
An Ag alloy layer formed by adding two or more of n and In elements in a range of 0.01 to 2 wt% is formed, and the area ratio of the Ag alloy layer to the entire cross-sectional area of the composite material is 5 to 40%. It is characterized by being.
また、Agの中に１〜12wt％のCd酸化物と、0.01〜2wt
％のTe酸化物と、0.05〜6wt％のSb酸化物と、0.05〜5wt
％のSn酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のIn酸化物とさらにFeも
しくはNiの１種または双方の酸化物を0.01〜1wt％を分
散させた材料を芯材とし、その外周にAg中にCd、Te、S
b、Sn、Inの各元素の内の２種以上を0.01〜2wt％の範囲
で添加したAg合金層を形成し、かつその複合材料の断面
積全体に占めるAg合金層の面積比率が５〜40％であるこ
とを特徴とする。Also, 1 to 12 wt% Cd oxide in Ag and 0.01 to 2 wt%
% Te oxide, 0.05-6 wt% Sb oxide, 0.05-5 wt%
% Of Sn oxide, 0.05 to 5% by weight of In oxide, and a material in which one or both of Fe and Ni oxides are dispersed in 0.01 to 1% by weight as a core material. , Te, S
An Ag alloy layer is formed by adding at least two of b, Sn, and In elements in a range of 0.01 to 2 wt%, and the area ratio of the Ag alloy layer to the entire cross-sectional area of the composite material is 5 to 5. It is characterized by being 40%.
なお、上記においてAg中に分散させるCd酸化物量を１
〜12wt％と限定した理由は、1wt％未満では開閉時に発
生するアークによる清浄効果が期待できないためであ
り、12wt％を超えるとアークによる消耗飛散量がむしろ
増加するおそれがあるためである。In the above, the amount of Cd oxide dispersed in Ag is 1
The reason why the amount is limited to 1212 wt% is that if it is less than 1 wt%, the cleaning effect due to the arc generated at the time of opening and closing cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 12 wt%, the amount of scattered consumption by the arc may rather increase.
また、Te酸化物量を0.01〜2wt％と限定した理由は、
0.01wt％未満ではTe酸化物添加による耐溶着性の向上が
望めないためであり、2wt％を超え添加では加工性が著
しく低下して接点として加工する際の量産性が問題とな
るからである。The reason for limiting the amount of Te oxide to 0.01 to 2 wt% is that
If the content is less than 0.01 wt%, the improvement in welding resistance due to the addition of Te oxide cannot be expected. If the content exceeds 2 wt%, the workability is remarkably reduced, and mass productivity when processing as a contact becomes a problem. .
さらに、Sb、Sn、Inの酸化物量の下限値を0.05wt％に
限定した理由は、これ未満の添加ではTeとの相乗的添加
効果が期待できないためであり、5wt％を超える添加で
は接点特性の内、特に接点安定性が劣化するためであ
る。Further, the reason why the lower limit of the amount of oxides of Sb, Sn, and In is limited to 0.05 wt% is that a synergistic addition effect with Te cannot be expected if the addition is less than this, and the contact characteristics are not increased if the addition exceeds 5 wt%. Of these, contact stability is particularly deteriorated.
また、FeおよびNiの添加は、0.01wt％未満の添加では
結晶粒微細化の効果がなく、1wt％を超える添加では電
気抵抗が高くなるなど他の特性に及ぼす影響が大きくな
るからである。In addition, the addition of Fe and Ni has no effect of refining the crystal grains when the addition is less than 0.01 wt%, and the addition of more than 1 wt% has a large effect on other characteristics such as an increase in electric resistance.
一方、接点母材の外周に形成するAg合金についてCd、
Te、Sb、Sn、Inの各元素の内の２種以上を添加する範囲
を0.01〜2wt％に限定した理由を述べると、添加元素の
量が0.01wt％未満では機械的強度の向上と元素のAgマト
リクス中への拡散効果が薄く、複合強度の増大が期待で
きないためであり、2wt％を超える添加では加工性が低
下して被覆・保護としての効果が薄れ、さらに既に酸化
した芯材に複合する場合には、複合時の加熱雰囲気によ
っては表面にスケールを生じて複合が困難になるからで
ある。On the other hand, for the Ag alloy formed on the outer periphery of the contact base material, Cd,
The reason why the range of adding two or more of the elements of Te, Sb, Sn, and In was limited to 0.01 to 2 wt% is as follows. This is because the effect of the diffusion of Ag into the Ag matrix is thin, and it is not possible to expect an increase in the composite strength. If it exceeds 2 wt%, the workability is reduced and the effect as coating and protection is weakened. This is because in the case of compounding, depending on the heating atmosphere at the time of compounding, scale may be formed on the surface and compounding becomes difficult.
また、複合線材または条材断面に占めるAg合金層の比
率は、５％未満では接点母材に対する被覆効果が小さく
なると共に台材へのスポット溶接あるいはろう付け困難
となり、40％を超える比率では被覆材の量が多すぎて接
点特性のうち特に耐溶着性に問題が生じてくるためであ
る。If the ratio of the Ag alloy layer to the cross section of the composite wire or strip is less than 5%, the effect of coating the contact base material will be small, and spot welding or brazing to the base material will be difficult. This is because the amount of the material is too large, which causes a problem particularly in the welding resistance among the contact characteristics.
以下に本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１実施例 直径13mmのAg−（8.5Cd−1.5Te−0.1Sb−0.1Sn−0.5I
n）Ox各wt％の線材に、引き抜き加工により作製した厚
さ1.5mmのAg−0.2Cd−0.05Te−0.1Sn−0.15In各wt％の
パイプを嵌合・密着し、700℃に加熱して引き抜き加工
により複合した。First Example Ag- (8.5Cd-1.5Te-0.1Sb-0.1Sn-0.5I having a diameter of 13 mm
to n) O x each wt% of the wire, the thickness of 1.5mm of the Ag-0.2Cd-0.05Te-0.1Sn- 0.15In pipes each wt% prepared by drawing fitted close contact, heated to 700 ° C. And composited by drawing.
この線材を不活性雰囲気中650℃で４時間加熱して芯
材と外周材とを相互拡散した。The wire was heated at 650 ° C. for 4 hours in an inert atmosphere to mutually diffuse the core material and the outer peripheral material.
これを不活性雰囲気中での焼鈍と引き抜き加工を繰り
返して直径3mmの線材を得た。This was repeated annealing and drawing in an inert atmosphere to obtain a wire having a diameter of 3 mm.
第２実施例 直径13mmのAg−（5Cd−1Te−3Sb−1Sn−2In−0.15F
e）Ox各wt％の線材に、引き抜き加工により作製した厚
さ1mmのAg−0.05Cd−0.1Te−0.05Sb−0.05Sn−0.1In各w
t％のパイプを嵌合・密着し、700℃に加熱して引き抜き
加工により複合した。Second Example Ag- (5Cd-1Te-3Sb-1Sn-2In-0.15F having a diameter of 13 mm
e) O x to the wire of each wt%, of the thickness of 1mm were prepared by drawing Ag-0.05Cd-0.1Te-0.05Sb- 0.05Sn-0.1In each w
A pipe of t% was fitted and adhered, heated to 700 ° C, and combined by drawing.
この線材を不活性雰囲気中650℃で４時間加熱して芯
材と外周材とを相互拡散した。これを不活性雰囲気中で
の焼鈍と引き抜き加工を繰り返して直径3mmの線材を得
た。The wire was heated at 650 ° C. for 4 hours in an inert atmosphere to mutually diffuse the core material and the outer peripheral material. This was repeated annealing and drawing in an inert atmosphere to obtain a wire having a diameter of 3 mm.
さらに、第１実施例および第２実施例とほぼ同様の方
法で以下の表に示す第３実施例〜第６実施例を作製し
た。Further, third to sixth examples shown in the following table were produced in substantially the same manner as in the first and second examples.
以上の各実施例の各線材を長さ2.5mmに切断した後、
台材にスポット溶接し、剪断接合強度を測定すると共に
市販のコンタクターに組み込み、電圧220V、電流78A、
力率0.35で実装テストを行ない以下に表に示す。After cutting each wire rod of each of the above examples to a length of 2.5 mm,
Spot welding to the base material, measuring the shear joint strength and incorporating it into a commercially available contactor, voltage 220V, current 78A,
A mounting test was performed with a power factor of 0.35, and is shown in the table below.
なお、比較のために以下の従来技術による結果を載せ
る。In addition, the result by the following prior art is shown for comparison.
第１従来例 直径13mmのAg−12wt％CdOの線材に、引き抜き加工に
より作製した厚さ1.5mmのAgのパイプを嵌合・密着し、7
00℃に加熱して引き抜き加工により複合した。First conventional example A 1.5 mm thick Ag pipe made by drawing was fitted and tightly fitted to a 13 mm diameter Ag-12 wt% CdO wire rod.
It was heated to 00 ° C and composited by drawing.
この線材を焼鈍と引き抜き加工を繰り返して直径3mm
の線材を得た。Annealing and drawing of this wire are repeated to create a diameter of 3 mm.
Was obtained.
第２従来例 直径13mmのAg−18wt％CdOの線材に、引き抜き加工に
より作製した厚さ0.5mmのAgパイプを嵌合・密着し、700
℃に加熱して引き抜き加工により複合した。Second conventional example A 0.5 mm thick Ag pipe made by drawing was fitted and adhered to a 13 mm diameter Ag-18 wt% CdO wire,
The mixture was heated to ℃ and composited by drawing.
この線材を焼鈍と引き抜き加工を繰り返して直径3mm
の線材を得た。Annealing and drawing of this wire are repeated to create a diameter of 3 mm.
Was obtained.
このテストにより、本発明において接点母材となる芯
材の添加元素と外周に形成するAg合金の添加元素は同一
元素数の多い方がより効果的であることがわかった。 From this test, it was found that, in the present invention, it is more effective to increase the number of the same elements as the additive element of the core material serving as the contact base material and the additive element of the Ag alloy formed on the outer periphery.
〔発明の効果〕 以上説明した本発明によると、表に示す通り、台材と
のスポット溶接強度もすぐれ、実機による接点開閉テス
トにおいてきわめて優れた効果を示す。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention described above, as shown in the table, the spot welding strength to the base material is also excellent, and a very excellent effect is exhibited in the contact switching test using an actual machine.
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−149341（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭64−65203（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−268831（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−108331（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−110639（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−107440（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−215443（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−248806（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭51−62356（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭52−70368（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭53−88954（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−215637（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) H01H 1/00 - 1/04 C22C 5/06 Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-63-149341 (JP, A) JP-A-64-65203 (JP, A) JP-A 1-268831 (JP, A) JP-A 1-108331 (JP) JP-A-58-110639 (JP, A) JP-A-58-107440 (JP, A) JP-A-59-215443 (JP, A) JP-A-60-248806 (JP, A) 51-62356 (JP, A) JP-A-52-70368 (JP, A) JP-A-53-88954 (JP, A) JP-A-3-215637 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) H01H 1/00-1/04 C22C 5/06
Claims (2)
2wt％のTe酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のSb酸化物と、0.05〜
5wt％のSn酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のIn酸化物とを分散さ
せた材料を芯材とし、その外周にAg中にCd、Te、Sb、S
n、Inの各元素の内の２種以上を0.01〜2wt％の範囲で添
加したAg合金層を形成し、かつその複合材料の断面積全
体に占めるAg合金層の面積比率が５〜40％であることを
特徴とする電気接点用複合材料。(1) a silver (Cd) oxide of 1 to 12 wt% in Ag;
2wt% Te oxide, 0.05-5wt% Sb oxide, 0.05 ~
The core material is a material in which 5 wt% of Sn oxide and 0.05 to 5 wt% of In oxide are dispersed, and Cd, Te, Sb, S
An Ag alloy layer formed by adding two or more of n and In elements in a range of 0.01 to 2 wt% is formed, and the area ratio of the Ag alloy layer to the entire cross-sectional area of the composite material is 5 to 40%. A composite material for electric contacts, characterized by being:
2wt％のTe酸化物と、0.05〜6wt％のSb酸化物と、0.05〜
5wt％のSn酸化物と、0.05〜5wt％のIn酸化物とさらにFe
もしくはNiの１種または双方の酸化物を0.01〜1wt％を
分散させた材料を芯材とし、その外周にAg中にCd、Te、
Sb、Sn、Inの各元素の内の２種以上を0.01〜2wt％の範
囲で添加したAg合金層を形成し、かつその複合材料の断
面積全体に占めるAg合金層の面積比率が５〜40％である
ことを特徴とする電気接点用複合材料。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Cd oxide is 1 to 12 wt% in Ag, and 0.01 to 12 wt%.
2wt% Te oxide, 0.05-6wt% Sb oxide, 0.05 ~
5wt% Sn oxide, 0.05-5wt% In oxide and Fe
Alternatively, the core material is a material in which one or both oxides of Ni are dispersed at 0.01 to 1 wt%, and Cd, Te,
An Ag alloy layer is formed by adding two or more of the elements Sb, Sn, and In in a range of 0.01 to 2 wt%, and the area ratio of the Ag alloy layer to the entire cross-sectional area of the composite material is 5 to 5. 40% composite material for electrical contacts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2110306A JP2884532B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Composite materials for electrical contacts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2110306A JP2884532B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Composite materials for electrical contacts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0410314A JPH0410314A (en) | 1992-01-14 |
| JP2884532B2 true JP2884532B2 (en) | 1999-04-19 |
Family
ID=14532359
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2110306A Expired - Lifetime JP2884532B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Composite materials for electrical contacts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2884532B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-04-27 JP JP2110306A patent/JP2884532B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0410314A (en) | 1992-01-14 |
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