JP2884835B2 - Cutting method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary cutting tool, in which a cutter is fed at a constant speed to a material in the axial direction to cut a cutting point of the material, and the cutter is retracted in the axial direction to a predetermined position. After returning to, the position of the cutter is shifted with respect to the material, and the same cutter is sent at a constant speed in the axial direction to repeatedly cut another cutting point of the material, and the material is sequentially turned from the outside. The present invention relates to a cutting method for processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional cutting method, for example, when a material K having a cutting point (black point) set as shown in FIG. The cutting points arranged in the rows (P11 to P129) are cut in order from the left in the figure, and thereafter, the cutting points from the second row to the last row are similarly cut in order from the left to process the product. I do.

[0003]

However, according to this method, when the cutting points are arranged between the non-cutting points, for example, in the case of the cutting points P114 to P118 in the first row, as shown in FIG. At the cutting point P114, since the point on the left side is a non-cutting point, the area C114 where the cutter C cuts the material K is extremely large as compared with the cutting areas C115 to C118 of the other cutting points P115 to P118. . For this reason, the cutting load applied to the cutter C sharply increases at the cutting point P114. In addition, for example, when the cutting points are arranged next to the non-cutting points like the cutting points P125 to P129 in the first row, as shown in FIG.
In 25, since the point on the left is a non-cutting point,
The area C125 where the cutter C cuts the material K is extremely large as compared with the cutting areas C126 to C129 of the other cutting points P126 to P129, and the cutting load increases. At the cutting points where the cutting load becomes extremely large (for example, P114, P125), the axial feed speed of the cutter C must be reduced in order to prevent breakage of the cutter C. Therefore, in order to perform the cutting automatically, it is necessary to adjust the feed speed in the axial direction of the cutter C to the feed speed of the cutting point where the cutting load becomes large, and it takes a long time for the processing. The technical problem of the present invention is to set the order of cutting each cutting point rationally according to the arrangement of the cutting points, thereby eliminating the cutting points where the cutting load becomes extremely large, thereby automatically cutting. It is intended to shorten the machining time by making the axial feed speed of the cutter at the time of performing the cutting faster than before.

[0004]

The above-mentioned problems are solved by the following cutting method. That is, claim 1
The cutting method described in the above is a cutter that is a rotary cutting tool
To the material at a constant speed in the axial direction to cut the material.
Cut the cutting point, retract the cutter in the axial direction, and
After returning to the position, move the cutter
And also feed the cutter at a constant speed in the axial direction
Repeat cutting another cutting point of the material,
In the cutting method of processing the material in order from the outside,
The material is represented two-dimensionally, and a predetermined area including this material plane is
Machining the material by dividing it in a matrix with virtual dividing lines
Storage means for each intersection of this division line based on the area
The memory is divided into cutting points and non-cutting points by
When performing processing for each row or column of the Rix,
The arrangement of cutting points belonging to the row or column to be started
Are determined by the alignment determining means, and the cutting point is a non-cutting point.
And cutting point setting means
A new outside of any of the aligned cutting points
After setting the cutting point and cutting the new cutting point,
The cutting point of The cutting method according to claim 2.
Is a cutting method according to claim 1,
The latest cut from the new cutting point set by the point setting means
The distance to the cutting point is calculated by multiplying the product between the rows and columns by the diameter of the cutter.
Is set to the value divided by.

[0005]

According to the present invention, since the material is processed in order from the outside, the row or column of the matrix from which the processing is to be started is located at the outermost position among the rows or columns for which processing has not been completed. . Then, a new cutting point is set further outside than the cutting point belonging to the outermost row or column. For example, a new cutting point may be provided outside a cutting point belonging to a row or a column in which machining is to be started and which is adjacent to a non-cutting point (hereinafter, referred to as an overloaded cutting point). For example, by cutting a new cutting point and then cutting the overloaded cutting point, the cutting area of the overloaded cutting point is reduced by the cutting area at the new cutting point, rather than cutting the overloaded cutting point suddenly. Can be smaller. Here, by providing a new cutting point outside the new cutting point, the cutting area at the overload cutting point can be further reduced. For cutting points other than the overload cutting point (another cutting point) that are arranged between non-cutting points, a new cutting point is provided outside the cutting point and the new cutting point is cut. If another cutting point is cut after the cutting, the cutting area at another cutting point can be reduced. Therefore, unlike the conventional method, the cutting area at the overload cutting point does not become extremely large, and the cutting area at each cutting point can be made substantially uniform. Therefore, the cutting load applied to the cutter is substantially equal at each cutting point, and there is no need to reduce the axial feed speed of the cutter in accordance with the cutting load at the overloaded cutting point as in the related art. That is, the feed speed in the axial direction of the cutter can be increased, so that the processing time of the material can be reduced. Further, by setting the distance from the new cutting point set by the cutting point setting means to the nearest cutting point to a value obtained by dividing the product between the row and column by the diameter of the cutter, The cutting area and the cutting area at the nearest cutting point have an appropriate value.

[0006]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show flowcharts of the cutting method according to the present embodiment. First, in step 101, as shown in FIG. 7, a thickness corresponding to a radius of a cutter C which is a rotary cutting tool and a thickness required for finish machining are determined from a contour shape line A (a dashed line) which is a contour of a product. An offset line B (dotted line) that is offset is obtained. Next, step 102
Then, a predetermined area including the offset line B is defined by a virtual partition line as a line spacing l (where l is a lowercase ell and
(The dried shapes are different.) In step 103, an intersection located outside the offset line B (upper side in FIG. 7) among the intersections of the division lines is set as a cutting point. Here, the cutting of the material K is performed by feeding the rotating cutter C by a predetermined dimension to the material K with the center of the cutter C being a rotary cutting tool coincident with the cutting point. In this embodiment, the material K
The cutting point is also set outside of the contour of, so that the cutting load applied to the cutter C is not excessively increased. The row spacing l (pick amount) and the column spacing m (pitch amount) of the matrix are also set so that the cutting load does not exceed a specified value. In step 104, if the intersection of the lane markings is a cutting point, the flag is 1;
To create a matrix diagram. FIG. 8 shows FIG. 7 in a matrix diagram. In FIG. 8, j is the row, i
Represents a column. That is, Step 103, Step 1
The processing unit 04 functions as the storage unit of the present invention.

When a signal for starting the cutting order is input,
In step 107, the outermost row where cutting point 1 exists is selected. That is, in this processing, the first line (P11 to P11)
129) is selected. In step 108, the arrangement state is classified into three types (X, Y, Z types) from the positions of the cutting points 1 arranged in the first row. Here, the X type is a type in which the cutting points 1 are arranged between the left end of the material K and the non-cutting point 0 or a type in which the cutting points 1 are arranged from the left end to the right end of the material K. For Y type, cutting point 1 is material K
Are arranged between the non-cutting point 0 and the right end.
The Z type is a type in which the cutting points 1 are arranged between the non-cutting points 0 and 0. That is, step 108
Function as the arrangement judging means of the present invention. Therefore, in FIG. 7, cutting point 1 (P11) to cutting point 1
Up to (P16) X type, cutting point 1 (P125) to cutting point 1 (P129) Y type and cutting point 1 (P125)
114) to cutting point 1 (P118) are of Z type. Since cutting point 1 (P11) to cutting point 1 (P16) are determined to be of the X type in step 109, step 1
10, the cutting point 1 (P1) from the cutting point 1 (P11) on the left end.
Cutting is performed in order until 6). This is shown in FIG. The cutting range of the cutter C set at the cutting point 1 (P11) on the left end includes a space outside the left end of the material K. Therefore, the cutting area C11 does not increase and the cutting load applied to the cutter C does not increase. Also, at cutting point 1 (P12) to cutting point 1 (P16), which is cut in order from cutting point 1 (P11), the cutting range of cutter C largely overlaps the cutting range of the cutting point that has been cut last time. Therefore, the cutting areas C12 to C16 do not increase and the cutting load does not increase. At the point where the cutting is completed, the flag is changed from 1 to 2 in step 111.

[0008] Cutting point 1 (P125) to cutting point 1 (P12)
In step 9), since the Y type is determined in step 112, the cutting is performed in order from the cutting point 1 (P129) on the right end to the cutting point 1 (P125) in step 113. This is shown in FIG. The cutting range of the cutter C set at the cutting point 1 (P129) includes a space outside the right end of the material K. Therefore, the cutting area C1
29 is not so large, and the cutting load applied to the cutter C does not increase. Also, at the cutting point 1 (P128) to the cutting point 1 (P125), which is cut in order from the cutting point 1 (P129), the cutting range of the cutter C largely overlaps the cutting range of the cutting point that has been cut last time. Therefore, the cutting areas C128 to C125 do not increase, and the cutting load does not increase. At the point where the cutting is completed, the flag is changed from 1 to 2 in step 114.

[0009] Cutting point 1 (P114) to cutting point 1 (P11)
Until 8), since the type is determined to be the Z type in step 115, the process proceeds to step 116, where it is determined whether the first row is selected. Since the first row is currently selected, the determination in step 116 becomes YES, and in step 117, the dimension X (for example, X
May be determined as follows. X = row l × column m 列 cutter diameter D) is calculated. In step 118, Z
Cutting point 1 at the left end of the type (P114) (Overload cutting point)
And in the outer direction of the first row, new cutting points Pcx, Pbx, Pax at intervals of dimension X as shown in FIG.
Set. That is, in steps 117 and 118
The processing means functions as the cutting point setting means of the present invention. Then, in step 119, the cutting points Pax, Pbx, Pcx
Cutting is performed in the following order. New cutting points Pax, Pbx, P
cx is the cutting point 1 (P114) as is clear from FIG.
Outside, and a new cutting point Pa
Since the intervals between x, Pbx, and Pcx are smaller than the line spacing 1 , the cutting areas Cax, Cbx, and Ccx at the cutting points Pax, Pbx, and Pcx are small, and the cutting load does not increase. Further, at step 120, the cutting point 1 (P
Cutting is performed in order from 114) to cutting point 1 (P118). Cutting point 1 (P114) is a new cutting point Pax,
Because they are located on the same line inside Pbx and Pcx,
At these cutting points Pax, Pbx, Pcx, the cutter C
Reduces the cut area by an area equal to the cut area (Cax + Cbx + Ccx), resulting in a cut area of C11.
The range shown in FIG. Therefore, the cutting load applied to the cutter C does not increase. Cutting point 1 (P11
4) Cutting point 1 (P115)-
At the cutting point 1 (P118), the cutting range of the cutter C largely overlaps with the cutting range of the cutting point that has been previously cut, so that the cutting areas C115 to C118 do not increase and the cutting load does not increase. The point at which cutting is completed is indicated in step 12.
At 1, the flag is changed from 1 to 2. FIG. 9 is a matrix diagram showing a state in which the flag at the point where cutting has been completed has been changed from 1 to 2.

[0010] When the cutting of the first line is completed in this way, the process returns to step 106, and from there, step 1
In step 07, the second row is selected. The cutting points 1 arranged in the second row are classified into three types (X, Y, Z types) in step 108 as in the first row. Cutting point 1 (P21) to cutting point 1 (P2) shown in FIG.
In step 6), the type is determined to be the X type in step 109, and in step 110, cutting is sequentially performed from the leftmost cutting point 1 (P21) to the cutting point 1 (P26). At the point where the cutting is completed, the flag is changed from 1 to 2 in step 111. Cutting Point 1 (P225) to Cutting Point 1 (P229)
In step 112, the type is determined to be Y type.
From the rightmost cutting point 1 (P229) to the cutting point 1 (P22
Cutting is performed in order up to 5). At the point where the cutting is completed, the flag is changed from 1 to 2 in step 114.
From cutting point 1 (P214) to cutting point 1 (P218)
Since it is determined that the type is the Z type in step 115, the process proceeds to step 116, where it is determined whether the first row is selected. Since the second row is currently selected and the cutting of the first row has been completed, the process proceeds to step 120, and the processing is sequentially performed from the cutting point 1 (P214) on the left end to the cutting point 1 (P218). The cutting is performed. At the point where the cutting is completed, the flag is changed from 1 to 2 in step 121. Here, at cutting point 1 (P214) at the left end, FIG.
Since the cutting range of the cutter C largely overlaps with the cutting range of the cutting point 1 (P114) one line before the cutting, the cutting area C214 does not increase so much and the cutting load does not increase. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide new cutting points Pax, Pbx, and Pcx and perform fine cutting as in the first row.

When the cutting of the second row is completed in this way, the processing returns to step 107 via step 106, where the third row is selected. Hereinafter, the same processing as the second line is repeated for the third and fourth lines,
Finally, when it is determined in step 106 that the cutting point 1 does not exist, the cutting process ends.

In the flow chart of the cutting method according to this embodiment, machining is performed while determining the cutting order for each row. After the cutting order is determined in advance by the host computer, the data is sent to the NC machine. May be transferred for processing. In this case, processing can be performed earlier.

According to the present invention, since there is no cutting point at which the cutting load becomes extremely large, the feed speed in the axial direction of the cutter can be set faster than before when performing automatic cutting. . Therefore, the processing time can be shortened, and the processing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a cutting method according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a cutting method according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a cutting method according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 Cutting Point 1 (P114) to Cutting Point 1 (P118)
It is a top view showing the cutting state of.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a cutting state of cutting point 1 (P11) to cutting point 1 (P16).

FIG. 6: Cutting Point 1 (P125) to Cutting Point 1 (P129)
It is a top view showing the cutting state of.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the entire cutting process according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a matrix diagram showing a cutting point 1 and a non-cutting point 0 of the cutting process.

FIG. 9 is a matrix diagram in which cutting end points are entered.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a conventional cutting method.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a conventional cutting method.

[Explanation of symbols]

0 Non-cutting point 1 Cutting point 2 Cutting end point C Cutter which is a rotary cutting tool K Material l Row spacing m Column spacing

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G05B 19/4093 B23Q 15/00 301

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) A cutter, which is a rotary cutting tool, is attached to a material.
To cut the cutting point of the material by sending it at a constant speed in the axial direction
Then, retract the cutter in the axial direction and return it to the specified position.
After that, shift the cutter position with respect to the material,
The cutter is sent at a constant speed in the axial direction
Repeat to cut another cutting point,
In the cutting method of processing in order from the, the material is represented two-dimensionally and a predetermined area including the material plane is defined.
Machining the material by dividing it in a matrix with virtual dividing lines
Storage means for each intersection of this division line based on the area
When stored in divided into a cutting point and the non-cutting point, for machining in each row or column of the matrix by, this?
Of the cutting point belonging to the row or column where
The arrangement state is determined by arrangement determination means, and the cutting points are arranged between the non-cutting points and the non-cutting points.
The cutting point setting means
A new cutting point is set outside the cutting point, and the new cutting
A cutting method that cuts the nearest cutting point after cutting a point . 2. The cutting method according to claim 1, wherein
And the nearest from the new cutting point set by the cutting point setting means
The distance to the cutting point is calculated by multiplying the product between the row and column
A cutting method set to a value divided by the diameter.