JP2887263B2 - Character transformation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a character for performing a digital vector font deformation which generates a character whose stroke line width has been changed or a character whose contour has been deformed for each part from outline data. It relates to a deformation device.

[Prior Art] In recent years, as seen in desktop publishing (DTP), devices aiming at image quality and editing functions equivalent to those of type printing on computers have been developed.

In this type of device, in order to be able to handle a wide variety of characters, the character outline is approximated by straight lines and curves (straight lines / curves) as a font whose size can be freely changed. Use outline fonts to compress.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-196986 is an example of this type of prior art.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above prior art, since the outline font is obtained by calculating a straight line / curve approximation from coordinate values called control points, a known “affine transformation” that performs the same conversion for all coordinate values is used. Such conversions can be performed relatively easily while maintaining high character quality. However, deformations such as changing the stroke width (the width of an image such as a kanji) or converting the outline shape for each part are high. There was a disadvantage that it could not be performed with quality.

Also, having all such fonts as font data requires enormous development man-hours. Even if all fonts are developed, it is necessary to secure the capacity of the storage means for storing the data. Nearly impossible in point.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and prevent high-quality transformed characters (line width /
It is an object of the present invention to provide a character deformation device capable of causing partial shape deformation).

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an attribute adding means (FIG. 1, FIG. 2) for adding, to data obtained by approximating the outline of a character by a straight line / curve, an attribute according to the situation of each approximate straight line / curve. (100 in FIG. 1, FIG. 1), and deformation means (200 in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) for performing a deformation by changing the line width of the stroke and partially changing the contour shape using the attribute added by the attribute addition means. And characterized in that:

The attribute adding means adds, to the data obtained by approximating the outline of the character with a straight line / curve, an attribute (an attribute of an approximate stroke, for example, a horizontal stroke) corresponding to the state of each approximate straight line / curve (segment: one segment of the approximate straight line / curve) The transformation means has a function of adding a straight line forming a contour of a stroke, and the deformation means uses the attribute added by the attribute addition means to change the stroke line width and partially change the contour shape. For example, it has a function of performing a round gothic from a corner gothic).

Further, a segment extracting means for extracting a segment which was originally horizontal / vertical (4 in FIG. 1, 40 in FIG. 2)
And means (6 in FIGS. 1 and 2) for maintaining the horizontal / vertical direction of the segment even after the line width conversion is performed. (Width / partial shape deformation).

[Action]

The attribute adding means (100 in FIGS. 1 and 2) converts the approximate line /
An attribute (attribute of an approximate stroke, for example, a straight line forming an outline of a horizontal stroke) according to the situation of the curve (segment: approximate straight line / part of the curve) is added.

The deforming means (200 in FIGS. 1 and 2) uses the attribute added by the attribute adding means to change the stroke line width and partially change the contour shape (for example, from square gothic to round). Gothic).

Further, a segment extracting means for extracting a segment which was originally horizontal / vertical (4 in FIG. 1, 40 in FIG. 2)
And means for maintaining the line width even after the conversion (6 in FIGS. 1 and 2) prevent the image quality of the converted character from deteriorating and provide a high-quality deformed character (line width / partial shape deformation). Can be generated.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

 First, the basic configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the basic configuration of a character transformation apparatus according to the present invention, wherein 100 is an attribute adding unit, 200 is a transformation unit, and 300 is a font generation unit.

The attribute adding means 100 has a font memory 1 and a parameter setting means 2.

The transforming means 200 includes attribute decoding means 3, horizontal / vertical segment extracting means 4, line width adjusting means, horizontal / vertical maintaining means 6,
It is composed of shape deforming means 7.

The font generating means 300 includes an affine conversion means 8, a character drawing means 9, and an image memory 10.

In the figure, font memory 1 of attribute adding means 100
Stores outline data obtained by adding the attribute of the approximate straight line / curve to the data obtained by approximating the character contour by a straight line / curve.

The parameter setting means 2 includes a line width adjusting means 5, a horizontal /
For the vertical maintaining means 6, the shape deforming means 7 and the affine converting means 8, parameters necessary for conversion such as character size / line width / type of conversion are set.

On the other hand, the attribute decoding means 3 of the deforming means 200 decodes the attribute of the outline data and supplies it to the line width adjusting means 5 and the shape deforming means 7.

The horizontal / vertical extraction means 4 functions to extract horizontal / vertical among the approximate contours of the character, and the line width adjustment means 5
Is the line width of the parameter setting means 2 (actually, the thickening value /
It has the function of changing the coordinate point based on the result of decoding of the attribute of the character given from the font memory 1 and of the character given from the font memory 1.

The horizontal / vertical maintaining means 6 keeps the horizontal or vertical the same as before the change when the approximate contour which was horizontal or vertical is changed as a result of changing the coordinate point in the processing of the line width adjusting means 5. The coordinate points again.

The shape conversion means 7 changes each coordinate point of the attribute of the character based on the decoding result of the attribute decoding means 3 in order to perform the shape conversion based on the parameters set by the parameter setting means 2.

In the font generation means 300, the affine transformation means 8
Performs affine transformation based on the parameters set by the parameter setting means 3.

The character drawing means 9 generates a character by performing a straight line and / or curve drawing on the coordinate points converted by the affine transformation and a process of painting the inside of a character component surrounded by the straight line or the curve.

Then, the image memory 10 stores the image drawn by the character drawing means 9.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the attribute of the character. As shown in FIG. 2, the outline of the character “ぱ” of the corner gozic is approximated by a straight line and a Bezier curve, and each segment is On the other hand, an example will be described in which line width control is performed using data to which the following attributes are added, and the end of a stroke (one stroke) is transformed into a round Gozic character.

The “additional attribute”, which is the attribute to be added here,
It refers to a common concept that expresses the common features representing the contour features of each segment.

"Additional attributes" 1. Outline of stroke end (edge) 2. Outline having both characteristics of vertical and horizontal stroke 3. Outline of left side of vertical stroke 4. Outline of right side of vertical stroke 5. Outline of upper side of horizontal stroke 6. The lower outline of the horizontal stroke 7. The outline of a curved stroke (stroke with a large curvature) 8. The outline of a circle The additional attribute "1" indicates the outline of the stroke shown in FIG. ", There are six places.

Similarly, the additional attribute “2” is provided in two places indicated by, the additional attribute “3” is provided in five places indicated by, the additional attribute “4” is provided in five places indicated by, and the additional attribute “5” is provided in three places indicated by , The additional attribute “6” has two locations indicated by, the additional attribute “7” has four locations indicated by, and the additional attribute “8” has eight locations indicated by.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention. In the attribute adding means 100, 1 is a font memory, 20 is a parameter setting section, 21 is a line width control register, and 22 is a rounding control register. , 23 are affine coefficient registers, and 24 is a parameter input unit.

In the deforming means 200, reference numeral 3 denotes an attribute decoding unit, 40 denotes a horizontal / vertical segment register, and 70 denotes a rounding conversion unit.

The parameter setting unit 20, the horizontal / vertical segment register 40, and the rounding conversion unit 70 correspond to the parameter setting unit 2, the horizontal / vertical segment extraction unit 4, and the shape deformation unit 7 in FIG. 1, respectively. The same reference numerals correspond to the same functional parts.

In the figure, parameters h, r, a, b, c, and d are input in the parameter input unit 24 of the parameter setting unit 20 as follows, and the parameters are respectively input to the line width control register 21, the rounding control register 22, Register in the affine coefficient register 23.

・ Parameter h: Line width (narrower than original (-)
・ Parameter r: degree of rounding (specify the degree of rounding with decimals or less; 1.0: round gozic) ・ Parameters a, b, c, d: affine transformation coefficients Figure 4 shows fonts FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of font data stored in a memory, wherein an attribute “1” as described in FIG. 2 is used.
As shown in FIG. 4, the font data of a character given ".about.8" is such that each segment of the character is 101, 102,
.. Are stored in the font memory 1 in a form separated by attributes as shown in 103. (In addition, the start point coordinates of each segment coincide with the end point of the previous segment.) Among such font data, the coordinate data is sent to the horizontal / vertical segment register 40 and the line width adjusting means 5. , The attribute data is sent to the attribute decoding means 3.

The horizontal / vertical segment register 40 calculates the coordinate value of each segment, and if the value is horizontal or vertical,
Segment number (number incremented by one segment with the start of character set to 0), horizontal (0), vertical (1)
Is stored.

Further, the attributes of the three segments before and after the processing by the attribute decoding unit 3 are sent to the line width adjusting unit 5.

In accordance with the attribute sent from the attribute decoding unit 3 and the value h of the line width control register 21, the line width adjusting unit 5
Processing of coordinate points is performed as described with reference to FIGS.

5 to 11 are explanatory diagrams of the character deformation processing in this embodiment. FIG. 5 is a thickening processing of the attribute 1 ", FIG. 6 is a thickening processing of the attribute" 2 ", and FIG. "3""4"
8 is a thickening process for the attribute “8”, FIG. 9 is a rounding process for the attribute “1”, FIG. 10 is a rounding process for the corner, and FIG. 11 is a rounding process for the corner. It is explanatory drawing of a thickening / rounding process.

Hereinafter, the character deformation processing of this embodiment will be described in the order of FIGS. 5 to 11.

(1) When the attribute of the segment being processed is “1” (see FIG. 5).

Regardless of the attribute of the preceding and following segments, both the start point / end point (P0, P3) of the segment and the segment (including the extended line width) are equivalent to h / | sinθ | dots (P0 ', P3')
Moving.

Note that thinning moves on the segment and thickening moves on an extension of the segment (the figure shows a thickening process).

Θ (θ ₀ , θ ₃ ) is the angle at which the start and end points intersect the preceding and following segments, respectively.

(2) When the attribute of the segment being processed is “2” (see FIG. 6).

If the attribute of the connected segment is other than 1 (attribute "4" in the figure) at both the start point / end point of the segment, the segment is moved by h dots in the normal direction of the segment (P1 → P
1 ′, P2 → P2 ′, P3 → P3 ′).

 In the case of narrowing, it moves in the direction opposite to the normal line.

 The movement from P0 to P0 'is the processing of the above (1).

(3) The attribute of the segment being processed is 3, 4, 5,
Cases 6 and 7 (see FIG. 7).

As shown by reference numeral 700 in the drawing, when the attribute of the connected segment is 2 or the same attribute as the segment at both the start point / end point of the segment, the dot is moved by h dots in the normal direction of the segment (P0 → P0 '). ).

If the attribute of the segment connected to both the start point and the end point of the segment is other, as shown by 701 in the figure, the segment is moved by h / | sinθ | (including the extension line) on the segment and further connected. H / | sinθ above the segment
| Dot moves (P3 → P3 ').

The thinning / thickening direction differs depending on the attribute of the segment. For example, in P3, as shown by 702, if the attribute of the segment is 3 and the attribute of the connected segment is 5 and it is thick, first move on this segment in the direction in which the coordinate of Y increases, and then X Moves upward in the connected segment in the direction in which the coordinates of (P1 → P1 ′, P2 → P
2 ').

Θ (θ ₃ ) is the angle at which the front and rear segments intersect at the start point / end point.

(4) When the attribute of the segment being processed is 8 (eighth
See figure).

Both the start point / end point of the segment are moved by h dots in the normal direction of the segment (P0 → P0 ′, P3 → P3 ′).

(5) Movement of a control point in the case of a Bezier curve (other than attribute 8).

If the first control point of the Bezier curve is P1 and the second control point is P2, the movement amount of the first control point P1 = 2/3 × (starting point movement amount) + 1/3 ×
(Amount of movement at end point) Amount of movement of second control point P2 = 1/3 x (Amount of movement at start point) + 2/3 x
(The movement amount of the end point), the control points are moved from P1 to P1 'and from P2 to P2'.

(6) Movement of control point in case of attribute 8 (see FIG. 8).

In this case, since the attribute “8” is a contour of a circle, both the start point and the end point move by h in the normal direction (P0 → P0 ′) as shown at 800 in FIG. Movement amount of point P1 = (movement amount of start point) + 1/20 x (movement amount of end point) Movement amount of second control point P2 = 11/20 x (movement amount of start point) +
(The amount of movement of the end point), as shown in FIG. 8, P1 → P1 ′, P2
→ Move each control point to P2 '.

As described above, when the thinning / thickening processing is completed, the coordinate values are sent to the horizontal / vertical maintaining unit 6, and the segments registered as horizontal / vertical in the horizontal / vertical segment register 40 remain horizontal / vertical after conversion. Check that the vertical is maintained,
If not maintained, the image quality will be significantly degraded. Therefore, an average of the respective coordinate values is used to move so as to maintain the horizontal / vertical.

After that, the rounding conversion unit 70 performs the following rounding processing based on the attribute sent from the attribute decoding unit 20 and the information from the horizontal / vertical segment register 40.

(7) Attribute 1 segment (see FIG. 9).

The coordinate point is moved so that the segment has a bend by controlling the curvature of a line connecting the start point and the end point with the value of the content r of the rounding control register 22, that is, by controlling the curvature of the line connecting the start point and the end point with the value of r.

FIG. 6A shows the shape of the attribute “1” before the rounding process and FIG. 6B shows the shape after the rounding process. When the segment is a straight line segment, a rounding process is performed by setting the control point 900 of the Bezier curve to make the segment a Bezier segment.

(8) Where the horizontal and vertical segments intersect (see Figure 10).

As shown in FIG. 10A, where the horizontal segment and the vertical segment intersect, a new segment 1000 is inserted as shown in FIG. Round the corner according to the value of the parameter r from 22.

Then, the affine transformation means 8 of the font generation means 300
Then, coordinate conversion is performed as follows using the values a, b, c, and d of the affine coefficient register 33.

X '= a.times.X + b.times.Y Y' = c.times.X + d.times.Y Since the coordinates have been completely moved, the character drawing unit 9 draws a contour in the image memory 10 by contour approximation from the coordinate values, and paints the inside. After processing, the generation of the character whose line width has been adjusted / rounded is completed (FIG. 11 (a) shows an example of an edge shape before processing, and FIG. 11 (b) shows an example of an edge shape after processing).

In the embodiment described above, the rounding control register 22 is provided in the parameter setting means 2 in FIG. 1, and the shape conversion means 7 in FIG. 1 is used as the rounding conversion means 70 in FIG. Although an example of rounding has been described, an acute angle control register and a wave shape control register are provided in place of the rounding control register 22, and the shape converting means 7 is an acute angle converting means and a waveform converting means. You can make the brush point sharp or waved by changing the way you move it.

Also, by giving parameters to the line width control unit 50 separately for the horizontal stroke and for the vertical stroke, it is also possible to control the thickness of each stroke.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, (a) a method of expanding outline data into a bitmap may be a conventional method, and (b) font data is attributed according to the status of each segment. (C) a method for designating and holding parameters for converting coordinate values and a means for changing the coordinate values of the outline data using the attributes and parameters of the segment are newly provided. Various modified characters can be generated.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to generate a character in which the line width of a stroke is changed and a character in which the outline shape is modified for each part from the same outline data.

In addition, since the horizontal / vertical segments are maintained as they are, the character quality after deformation can be maintained at high quality.

Therefore, since it is not necessary to prepare a variety of outline data, it is possible to reduce the memory capacity for storing font data, and to provide a character transformation apparatus that solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the related art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a basic configuration of a character transformation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining types of character attributes, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. Block diagram illustrating the configuration,
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the font data stored in the font memory, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG.
FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are explanatory diagrams of the character deformation processing in the embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Font memory, 2 ... Attribute decoding means, 3 ... Parameter setting means, 4 ... Horizontal / vertical segment extracting means, 5 ... Line width adjusting means, 6 ... Horizontal / vertical maintaining means,
7 ... shape deforming means, 8 ... affine transformation means, 9 ...
Character drawing means, 10 ... Image memory.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An attribute adding means for adding an attribute according to the situation of each approximate line / curve to data obtained by approximating a contour line of a character with a straight line / curve, and using the attribute added by the attribute adding means. hand,
A character deforming device, comprising: deforming means for changing a line width of a stroke and partially changing a contour shape.