JP2898542B2 - Trailer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a trailer for loading heavy objects, and more particularly, to a trailer for heavy equipment for loading a special vehicle such as a bulldozer or a crane truck by self-propelled operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a heavy equipment trailer, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 0 and 11, two axles 21 and 22 are provided at the rear portion, and four axles 23 to 26 are provided at respective shaft positions. Two wheels are mounted on both sides of each axle as a pair, Axles 23 and 25 and 24 and 26
Are rotatable in the axial direction respectively.
A structure in which these booms are rotatably mounted on trunnion shafts 32 and 33 inserted in brackets 30 and 31 fixed to a vehicle body frame 29 is known, and is also practical. Has been

[0003] With such a structure, each axle can move up and down in the opposite direction in the front and rear direction and can rotate in the left and right direction, and accordingly, each wheel pair moves in the opposite direction. It can be moved up and down. As a result, when the wheel receives the load from the vehicle body at the tire portion, even if there is unevenness on the road at the axle center position located at four points on a plane, all of the tires share the load of the vehicle body, Further, even if the road has irregularities between the wheels at both ends of the axle, the wheels on both sides can share and support the load applied to the axle. That is,
The vehicle body is favorably supported by the suspension.

In such a heavy equipment trailer, the loading surface 34 of the heavy equipment is lowered below the upper part of the tires in order to increase the stability of the vehicle body. This is a portion indicated by a dimension L 'between the tire and the tire at the position 21. On the other hand, in a self-propelled heavy machine, traveling means such as crawlers and tires are provided on both sides of the vehicle body, and a vehicle body portion including a driver's cab and mechanical devices is located at a position somewhat higher than the installation surface of the traveling means. ing. Therefore, when the heavy equipment is loaded on the loading portion of the trailer, the length of the central portion 34a of the loading portion does not matter, and the length of the running means of the heavy equipment and the length of both side portions 34b of the loading portion are shorter. The decision is made. However, in the conventional trailer having a structure as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, since the wheels are provided over the entire width of the front shaft 21, there is a problem that the entire length of the trailer is not effectively used as a loading space for heavy equipment. is there. The hatched portion in FIG. 10 is the main frame. Also, the trailer wheels usually have differentials
Not provided, when trailer turns a narrow corner
Has the same width as a conventional trailer on two rows of shafts
If wheels are equipped, the tires of the wheels at both ends of the front axle will
Twisting, excessive force is applied to the axle bearing,
There was a problem that the life of the bearing was shortened.

[0005]

The present invention invention is to solve the above resolves the in the problems in the prior art, can be vehicle suspension support, and a long trailer of stacking unit length for stacking heavy equipment
With the best steering and durability of shafts and tires
It is an object to provide a completed trailer .

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an axle having a boss at the center and wheels mounted on both sides, and an axle inserted into the boss. And a connecting member for connecting the
The axle includes first to third axles provided in a width direction of the vehicle body, and the first axle is provided at a rear portion of the vehicle body and at a center portion in the width direction, and includes the second axle and the third axle. The axle is provided in a line symmetrically with respect to the width direction from the center in the width direction and is provided in a line behind the first axle, and the connecting member is integrally formed substantially on the same plane, and the first axle is formed. From the center of the second axle to the center of the third axle at a longitudinal position between the second axle and the third axle
A lateral portion consisting of a round shaft coupled to the vehicle body at both ends extending in the width direction so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction;
Said transverse portions coupled to each of the first to third axles
First to third vertical portions each extending in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction
And the cross-sectional area of the first to third vertical portions is
The first to the first parts are respectively larger from the lateral part side
It is characterized in that it is gradually reduced to three axles .

[0007]

According to the present invention, the first axle at the rear of the vehicle body is located at the center, and the second and third axles behind the first axle are located at symmetrical positions away from the center in the width direction. An axle of a three-point support system can be formed at the rear. And since each axle has wheels mounted on both sides in the width direction, the outer ones of the wheels mounted on the rear axle are in positions protruding in the width direction from the wheels of the front axle. . Therefore, in front of this protruding rear wheel,
There are no wheels on the first axle. As a result, this portion can be used as a loading space on which a load such as a heavy machine is loaded.
In other words, in this shape, the loading space has become longer by almost the diameter of the wheel. On the other hand, the rear second and third
Since the axle has wheels protruding in the width direction of the vehicle body from the wheels of the front first axle, stability in the width direction of the vehicle body is maintained.

Next, the connecting member is coupled to the vehicle body at a position in the front-rear direction between the first axle and the second axle so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction, so that the load on the vehicle body is transmitted to the connecting member. The load is distributed to the front and rear axles and received by a three-point support system. As a result, even if there is unevenness in the road between the front, rear, left and right axles, the connecting member is inclined freely, and the first to third axles always share the load from the vehicle body.
Further, each axle is rotatable in the axial direction because the shaft of the connecting member is inserted into the center boss. Therefore, even if the road has irregularities between the wheels on both sides of the axle, the load on the axle is supported by the wheels on both sides due to the inclination of the axle. That is, with the above configuration, even if the number of axles is three, the vehicle body can be suspension-supported by the wheels, the three axles, and the connecting members. In this case, the connecting member is
Extending in the width direction from the center of the second axle to the center of the third axle
A horizontal part consisting of a round shaft connected to the car body at both ends and this
The first to the third to the third axle at right angles
To a third vertical portion, and a cross-sectional area of the first to third portions.
Is greatly increased on the side and then gradually reduced on the axle.
And the connecting member is reasonable for the load received between the vehicle body and the wheels.
Can withstand. That is, the load of the vehicle body
When heavy, these are the first axle at both ends of the longitudinal section.
And the second and third axles are supported by the horizontal portion.
It plays a role and is a simple support beam despite its irregular shape
A load state is formed, and the body load is
From the side near the side where the maximum bending load is
Uniform stress due to longitudinal section with gradually decreasing cross-sectional area up to shaft
Will be reasonably favored. Also, horizontal part
Bending torsion applied to the horizontal part due to the round shaft
The load can be reasonably supported.

[0009]

1 and 2 show the overall structure of a low-floor semi-trailer as an example of a trailer. This trailer has axles 1, 2, and 3 as first to third axles provided in the width direction of the vehicle body, and a modified walking boom 4 as a connecting member that connects these axles.

The axle 1 is provided at the rear part of the vehicle body and at the center in the width direction, and the axles 2 and 3 are provided at positions symmetrical in the width direction from the center C in the width direction and behind the axle 1. ing. Each axle 1, 2, 3
As shown in the axle front view of FIG. 3, bosses 1a, 2a, 3a are provided at the center portion, and shaft portions 1b, 2b, 3b on both sides are provided.
, A pair of wheels 5, 6, 7 are mounted.

The walking booms 4 are substantially identical.
4A is formed integrally on the surface, and the vertical direction shown in the side view of FIG.
Parts 41, 42, 43 and (b) lateral part 4 shown in front view
4 has, its vertical portion 41 to 43 axle 1,2,3
Extend at right angles from the lateral portions 44 to be joined to each other
The shaft portions 4-1 and 4-2 that are provided and inserted into the boss portion,
4-3 , the lateral portion 44 is located between the axle 1 and the axle 2 in the front-rear direction and from the center of the axle 2 to the axle 3
Is extended in the width direction to the center of the vehicle and is rotatably coupled to the vehicle body in the front-rear direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a support shaft 11 is inserted into a bracket 10 fixed by welding or the like to a mounting table 9 extending from a main frame 8 of the vehicle body.
This support shaft 11 is shown in FIG.
The odd-shaped walking boom 4 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body via the bracket 10 by being inserted into the boss portions 4a at both ends of the lateral portion shown . And the horizontal part 44
As shown by a broken line in FIG.
43 is the height of the beam is higher at the position of the lateral portion 44
The lower the shaft section 4-1 through 4-3 side, the sectional area gradually decreases
I have.

With such a structure, when a load is applied to the odd-shaped walking boom 4 from the vehicle body, the boom 4
Is supported by axles 1, 2, and 3 supported by wheels via its shaft portions 4-1, 2, and 3. as a result,
A portion of the boom 4 connected to the axle receives a bending load, and a portion extending in the width direction receives a bending torsion load, but the modified walking boom 4 has rigidity enough to withstand these loads. .

A front portion of the vehicle body is a gooseneck portion 12 having a kingpin 12a connected to a transport vehicle such as a tractor as a semi-trailer. In the vehicle body portion connected to this, the main frame 8 is arranged in an H-shape at both ends in the width direction and at a position inward from the both ends in the hatched position in FIG. It is connected by a horizontal member (not shown) provided to form an integral strong vehicle body structure. In the central portion of the vehicle body, a plate is attached to the entire surface above the main frame 8 and the horizontal members, and a loading portion 13 for heavy objects or the like is formed. Of these, the portions 13a on both sides are provided with a non-slip in the longitudinal direction as shown on one side in FIG. The main frame 8 extends to the rearmost part of the vehicle body and forms a slope portion 14. Of these, the slopes 14a on both sides for carrying heavy equipment or the like to be carried by themselves are provided with a non-slip in the width direction.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which heavy equipment is loaded on the semi-trailer having the above structure. Due to its crawler unit, the heavy machine gets on the loading unit 13a from the slope 14a over the tires of the wheels 6 and 7 by self-propelled.

FIG. 1A shows an example in which a revolving heavy machine 100 such as a shovel truck or a crane truck (indicated by a two-dot chain line) is mounted. As shown, the crawler unit 100 of the heavy equipment 100
a of the loading portion 13 on both sides 13a
Such a heavy machine can be loaded as long as the length is approximately the same as the length L. That is, even if the wheels 4 protrude from the central portion of the loading section 13, the portion does not interfere with the heavy equipment 100. On the other hand, FIG. 2B shows a case where the heavy equipment 100 'is loaded on a conventional semi-trailer. As is clear from comparison between FIGS. 7A and 7B, in the conventional semi-trailer, the length of the crawler portion is equal to the length L of the loading portion.
Only heavy machinery of about 'can be loaded. Therefore, according to the trailer of the present invention, the wheel diameter R is almost equal to that of the conventional one.
Only a heavy machine with a long crawler section can be loaded. As a specific example, in a low-floor type semi-trailer having a wheel diameter of about 1 m, the length of the loading section is about 4 m in the related art, but is reduced to about 5 m by the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows a case where a heavy machine 101 such as a bulldozer is mounted on the semi-trailer of this embodiment such that the upper structure does not turn. Also in this case, the portion of the front wheel 4 of the trailer does not interfere with the heavy equipment 101. Therefore,
Also in this case, the trailer of the present invention can load a large heavy machine that is almost as long as the diameter R of the wheel as compared with the conventional trailer.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, when the trailer only needs to load a heavy machine 100 'as short as the conventional one, the length of the loading portion becomes L'. Can be shortened substantially by the diameter R of the wheel. Therefore, the turning radius of the trailer is reduced, and the trailer can ride on a narrow place such as a mountain or an agricultural road, and the driving operation at a narrow corner or the like becomes easy, and the transportability of the heavy equipment is greatly improved.

Further, since a differential device is not usually provided on the wheels of the trailer, when the trailer bends at a narrow corner, the two wheels are equipped with the same width as the conventional trailer when the trailer turns. In this case, the tires of the wheels at both ends of the front shaft were twisted, and an excessive force was applied to the bearing portion of the axle, resulting in a problem that the life of the bearing was shortened. When adopted, this point is also greatly improved, and the effect that the life of parts is extended is brought about.

When the number of rear wheels is eight and the number of front wheels is four as in this embodiment, if the trailer has the same loading weight, the load applied to the tires of the front wheels becomes large. growing. However, since there is usually a large margin in the load supporting capacity of the tire, the same wheels and tires as the rear wheels 6, 7 can often be used on the front side.
In this respect, the same applies to the shaft end 4-1 portion connected to the wheel 4 and the portion continuous therewith, of the modified walking boom 4 in FIG. 4A. However, if necessary,
The width, diameter, air pressure, etc., of the tire of the front wheel 5 may be made larger than that of the rear tire, or the size of the portion of the deformed walking boom 4 that is coupled to the wheel 5 may be increased to increase the rigidity. . In some cases, it is also possible to extend the front wheel 5 forward, increase the length of the deformed walking boom 4 portion connected thereto, and reduce the load on the front wheel 5. Furthermore, the loading weight may be reduced if it is not necessary for the application.

Although the case where the trailer is a semi-trailer as shown in FIG. 1 has been described above, the present invention can be applied to a full trailer in which wheels are independently provided on the front side. .

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, by employing the three-axis suspension system, a large heavy machine having a long loading length can be loaded. Further, when the heavy machinery to be loaded does not need to be large, the wheelbase can be shortened, and the transportability of the heavy machinery can be greatly improved. So
In this case, the connecting members are mounted on the same plane in the first to third vehicles.
Formed vertically and horizontally on the shaft and the body connection part and on the same plane
At the same time, the horizontal part is a round axis and the cross-sectional area of the vertical part is large in the horizontal part.
Since it is gradually decreasing in the axle direction from now on,
Is simple and easy to manufacture, and the body load is reasonable and
It can be safely and securely supported. Also, by disposing the second axle and the third axle at the rear of the vehicle body and arranging the first axle before the second axle, the maneuverability of the vehicle body can be improved and the life of parts such as the boss of the axle can be extended.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the entire structure of a trailer according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entire structure of the trailer.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an axle of the trailer.

4A and 4B show a schematic shape of a walking walking boom of an irregular shape of the trailer, wherein FIG. 4A is a side view and FIG. 4B is a front view.

5A and 5B show a connecting portion between the vehicle body of the trailer and the odd-shaped walking boom, wherein FIG. 5A is a side view and FIG. 5B is a front view.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an arrangement of a main frame of the trailer.

7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams showing a state where heavy equipment is loaded on the trailer, wherein FIG. 7A shows a trailer according to the embodiment, and FIG. 7B shows a conventional trailer.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a state where another type of heavy equipment is loaded on the trailer of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a loading state when the length of the trailer is shortened.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the entire structure of a conventional trailer.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing the entire structure of a conventional trailer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3 axle (first to third axles) 1a, 2a, 3a boss portion 4 odd-shaped walking boom (connecting member) 4-1 4-2, 4-3 shaft portion 5, 6, 7 wheels 41 43 first to third vertical portions 44 horizontal portions

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B60P 3/00, 3/07 B62D 53/04-53/06 B62D 61/00, 61/10 B60G 5 / 00-9/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A trailer comprising: an axle having a boss portion at a central portion and wheels mounted on both sides; and a connecting member having a shaft portion inserted into the boss portion and connecting the axle, wherein the axle is a vehicle body. The first axle is provided at a rear portion of the vehicle body and at a center portion in the width direction, and the second axle and the third axle are provided in the width direction. Symmetrically in the width direction from the center of the direction and provided in a line behind the first axle, and the connecting member is formed integrally on substantially the same plane, and the first axle and the second At the front-rear position between the axle and the third axle, from the center of the second axle to the center of the third axle
A lateral portion consisting of a round shaft coupled to the vehicle body at both ends extending in the width direction so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction;
Said transverse portions coupled to each of the first to third axles
First to third vertical portions each extending in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction
And the cross-sectional area of the first to third vertical portions is
The first to the first parts are respectively larger from the lateral part side
A trailer characterized by gradually decreasing to three axles .