JP2907972B2 - Organic soil amendment and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an organic soil improving material suitably used for soil production suitable for agricultural production, that is, for restoring or promoting soil strength, and a method for producing the same. This is a proposal for an organic soil improver having a form (granular) that is excellent in handling, such as being excellent in improvement effect and applicable to mechanical spraying.

[Conventional technology]

Agriculture in recent years has increased the trend of intensive cultivation of profitable crops. For this reason, farming methods are also moving toward continuous cropping of the same crops and the use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers. This has led to the problem of reduced yield.

Under such circumstances, several techniques have been proposed recently mainly for soil improvement. For example, application of plant organic materials made from straw or the like: compost has come into the spotlight again. However, such composting generally depends on self-production by individual farmers, and in practice there is a problem with labor, and in fact, it is rarely used.

Therefore, "bark compost" obtained by ripening bark or sawdust has been widely used as an agricultural soil improving material having the same effect as compost and convenient for stable supply. That is, the use of the bark compost can improve the permeability and water permeability in the soil.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned bark compost has the effect of improving various physical properties of the soil, but for example, in the study of the present inventors, the improvement effect was not obtained unless applied in a large amount (several hundred kilograms per 10 ares) as compared with a general fertilizer. The result that it is small is obtained.

Further, since commercially available bark compost is originally made of bark, sawdust and the like having a low specific gravity, an extremely large amount of bark compost is required to obtain an application effect.

In addition, in the case of this bark compost, the overall effect of the compost itself on enhancing ground strength is poor. For example, the humic acid component is only 2 to 3%. Of course, there is a method of spraying such fertilizer: humic acid magnesia fertilizer in combination with agricultural soil, but that would be a double effort.

Furthermore, commercially available bark composts are provided in powdered or wood-like forms, are inherently difficult to mold, and are not suitable for mechanical spraying. However, because of the need to apply in large quantities, the application required enormous effort. In particular, when such conventional compost is sprayed in powder form, there is also a problem that the intended purpose cannot be achieved because the compost is easily scattered during or after application.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional bark compost, improve the properties of the soil and also greatly improve the chemical and biological properties, and easily handle the soil during the application, so that the organic soil can be mechanically sprayed. The purpose is to obtain an improved material.

[Means for solving the problem]

As a result of working on various experiments and researches on the above-mentioned problems and their solutions, the present inventors have developed the following useful soil improvement materials. That is, the present invention relates to an organic soil conditioner comprising 100 parts by weight of bark compost and 10 to 50 parts by weight of humic acid and / or a salt thereof. Further, the present invention provides a multi-layered organic soil conditioner coated with humic acid or a salt thereof in a separate step.

Further, the present invention produces the above-mentioned organic soil conditioner by mixing humic acid and / or a salt thereof in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of bark compost, and then granulating the mixture. A method and a method for producing a multilayer granular organic soil improver by coating the surface of the organic soil improver thus obtained with humic acid or a salt thereof.

(Operation)

Generally, the effect of applying organic materials such as bark compost is
The effect of improving physical properties such as air permeability and water permeability obtained by applying a large amount of swelling and softening materials to the soil, and a small amount of humic acid contained in the organic material can enhance the fertilizing ability of the soil and increase the phosphorus content. Improvement of chemical and biological properties such as increasing the fertilizing effect of acid and increasing the activity of crop roots. By synergistically exerting these two effects, the so-called "ground strength" is improved. It is.

However, conventionally provided bark compost has a great effect of improving soil properties, but has a low humic acid content of at most 2-3% for improving the effect of improving chemical and biological properties. Can not.

That is, the present invention compensates for the above-mentioned drawbacks by adding humic acid or its salts to the conventional bark compost in order to improve the chemical and biological properties.

That is, for 100 parts by weight of powdery or woody bark compost obtained by aging bark and sawdust, 10 to 50 parts by weight of humic acid and / or Na, K
And a salt obtained by binding an alkaline earth metal such as Ca or Mg (hereinafter collectively referred to as humic acid) with a binder function. At the time of mixing, a ribbon blender or a kneader is used. By this mixing treatment, the bark compost in the form of powder or wood is broken up into a homogeneous powder.

Next, in the present invention, granulation is performed in order to obtain not only the above-described effects of improving the chemical and biological properties but also a form suitable for mechanical spraying and the like. That is, the mixture mixed as described above is granulated by adding water as needed by a granulator such as an extruder or a pan pelletizer.

Here, the reason for limiting the amount of humic acid used to granulate bark compost is that if the amount is less than 10 wt%, the soil improving effect of humic acid cannot be expected, and it also acts as a binder. Is insufficient and cannot be granulated. On the other hand, if the amount of humic acid is 50 wt% or more, the effect of improving physical properties such as air permeability and water permeability in the soil of bark compost cannot be utilized, and humic acid cannot be used as compared with bark compost. This is because it is expensive and disadvantageous in terms of economy.

The humic acid used in the present invention has the effect of increasing the fertilizing power of the soil, preventing phosphate fixation, activating crop roots, and improving the so-called soil fertility in combination with the soil improvement effect of the bark compost. An extremely well-balanced organic soil conditioner can be obtained.

Further, the soil improving material of the present invention is further provided with a predetermined amount (5 to 15% by weight) of humic acid or its salts on the surface of the granulated material obtained as described above, such as immersion, application, and powder coating. Coated by the above method. Such a humic acid coating improving material has an improved strength because of the coating layer, and is effective in preventing powdering.

〔Example〕

Example 1 100 parts by weight of a commercially available bark compost (manufactured by Aino Co., Ltd.) and 12.5 parts by weight of a powdered magnesium humate (manufactured by Nippon Heavy Industries, Ltd.) were mixed in a kneader for 10 minutes.
It was molded with an extrusion molding machine having a screen with a 2 mm hole, and processed into granules with a marmellaizer (Product A of the present invention). At this time, 12.5 parts by weight of a magnesium humate was further added during granulation of the marmellaizer, and the surface of the grain was coated with magnesium humate to obtain a granular organic soil improving material (Product B of the present invention). ).

Next, 10% by weight of each of the organic soil improver of the present invention or bark compost obtained as described above was added to house soil in which Komatsuna had been continuously grown for 5 years, and mixed well.

Next, the organic quality improvers A and B according to the present invention,
Conventional bark compost and each of the four types of soil without any addition were filled into 1 / 5,000a Wagner pots at 3 kg each, Komatsuna was grown for 30 days, and the growth amount was compared.

Each pot was added fertilizer _{N-P 2 O 5 -K 2} O 2 each 0.5g,
Komatsuna has three pots each. Table 1 shows the results. In addition, each value is the number of grams per pot and is an average value of each triplicate.

From the table, it can be seen that the particulate organic soil improvers A and B of the present invention
It was found that the plot using was excellent in all of the biological weight, root weight and total weight.

Example 2 For both the granular organic soil improvers A and B according to the present invention shown in Example 1 and a commercially available bark compost,
A spray test using a small broadcaster was performed.

As a result, the soil conditioner according to the present invention had good fluidity in the hopper of the broadcaster, and uniform and efficient spraying was possible.However, commercially available granular bark compost was not able to be spread in the hopper of the broadcaster. Adhesion and shelf hanging occurred, and scattering by the wind was extremely impractical.

In addition, when A and B of the product of the present invention were compared, it was recognized that the powdering ratio of the product B of the present invention was extremely low.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is apparent from the above description, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to improve physical properties such as soil permeability and water permeability and to improve fertilizer retention, and to prevent chemical fixation and activation of crop roots such as phosphate fixation and crop root activation. The present invention can provide an organic soil improver which exerts the effect of improving the soil at the same time and is useful for easily spraying a predetermined amount of a machine without pulverization and with less fertilizing labor.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI // C09K 101: 00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An organic soil conditioner comprising 100 parts by weight of bark compost and 10 to 50 parts by weight of humic acid and / or a salt thereof. 2. The organic soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the mixed molded product is further coated with humic acid or a salt thereof. 3. A method of mixing humic acid and / or a salt thereof in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of bark compost,
Next, a method for producing an organic soil conditioner, comprising granulating the mixture. 4. A method for producing an organic soil improver, comprising coating the surface of the granulated organic soil improver produced in claim 3 with humic acid or a salt thereof.