JP2909168B2 - Clinker monitoring device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clinker monitoring device for monitoring the state of adhesion of a clinker generated in a combustion furnace such as a boiler to the combustion furnace.

[Prior art] A boiler box provided at a corner of a boiler furnace includes:
A large number of ports and the like are sequentially provided from above. FIG. 5 shows an example of the structure of the boiler-like box. FIG. 5 is a view of the boiler wind box viewed from the inside of the furnace. The boiler wind box 50 has, in order from the top, an OFA port 52, a main burner uppermost secondary air port 53, a primary air port 55, and a main burner port. 56, a digestion stage burner 54 and the like are provided.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When a boiler, particularly a coal-fired boiler, is operated, a clinker in which ash generated by combustion is aggregated is generated. The clinker adheres to the inner wall and the port of the boiler wind box, closes the wind box itself and the port, and may hinder the operation of the boiler.

Generally, the clogging of the wind box by the clinker is caused by the fall of the clinker attached to the furnace wall.
There is a tendency for the OFA port 52, the main burner uppermost stage secondary air port 53, and the digestion stage burner 54 to occur more frequently.

In order to operate the boiler stably, the clinker furnace wall,
It is necessary to monitor the state of attachment to the port or the like and remove the attached clinker as necessary.

Conventionally, monitoring of a clinker has been performed by a method in which an operator visually checks using a viewing window at a site, a method of guessing and judging from a state of a boiler, and has been inefficient. Further, the state of the clinker cannot be remotely and automatically monitored in a central operation room or the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a clinker monitoring device that can remotely monitor the state of a clinker at a central side such as a central operation room.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, a clinker monitoring device according to the present invention includes a sensor unit that captures an image of a port provided in a combustion furnace as an image, and receives an in-port image from the sensor unit. A clinker amount received from the detection unit, and when the clinker amount reaches a predetermined value, an alarm is issued for clinker adhesion to the combustion furnace. Alarm means for issuing an alarm, wherein an alarm is issued when the amount of clinker attached to the combustion furnace increases.

[Operation] In the above configuration, the sensor unit includes, for example, an optical fiber and a CCD camera, and is disposed, for example, at a predetermined port of a wind box of a combustion furnace, and captures a clinker attached to the port as an image. The output signal of the sensor unit is supplied to the detection unit.

The detection unit is composed of, for example, a computer, and processes an image signal obtained by the sensor unit to obtain a clinker amount N as a parameter characterizing the adhesion of the clinker to the combustion furnace. As a specific method of image processing by the detection unit, for example, an image obtained by the sensor unit is divided into a plurality of pixels (when the sensor unit outputs pixel data, the data may be used as it is. Good), and a method of calculating the ratio of pixels exceeding a specified luminance to all pixels.

For example, the warning means compares the clinker amount N with a reference value, and when the clinker amount N is larger than the reference value, issues an alarm assuming that the amount of clinker adhered to the combustion furnace has reached a predetermined value.

For example, the sensor unit is arranged in a plurality of ports of a plurality of wind boxes of a boiler, and signal processing by a detection unit and generation of an alarm by an alarm unit are performed in a central operation room or the like, so that a clinker adhesion state can be determined in the central operation room or the like. Can be monitored remotely.

Embodiment A clinker prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

This embodiment is an example in which the clinker prevention device according to the present invention is applied to a boiler for power generation.

First, the configuration of the clinker prevention device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Wind boxes 11 (only one wind box is illustrated in FIG. 1) are provided at four corners of the boiler to be monitored for clinker adhesion. One end of an optical fiber 13 is disposed in the uppermost secondary air port 12 of the main burner of each wind box 11. The other end of each optical fiber 13 is connected to a corresponding CCD camera 14, and each optical fiber 13 converts the image of the main burner uppermost secondary port 12 acquired at one end to the corresponding CCD camera.
Supply to camera 14. Each CCD camera 14 converts an optical image supplied from the optical fiber 13 into an electric signal,
Supply 15

The image processing device 15 includes, for example, a one-chip microcomputer dedicated to image processing. The image processing device 15 has four
The signals supplied from the CCD camera 14 are sequentially fetched while being switched, and a clinker amount N described later is obtained. When the obtained clinker amount N exceeds a certain value, the image processing device 15 outputs an alarm signal indicating that the amount of the clinker attached to the furnace wall 11 has increased. Note that the generator processing signal 19 is also supplied to the image processing device 15.

A personal computer 16 having a CRT 17 is connected to the image processing device 15. The personal computer 16 takes in the signal from the image processing device 15, performs a process for CRT display, and performs a predetermined display on the CRT 17.

Further, an alarm device 18 is connected to the image processing device 15. The alarm device 18 includes a buzzer, a lamp, and the like, and outputs, for example, an alarm sound in response to an alarm signal from the image processing device 15.

Next, the operation of the clinker monitoring device shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG.

Each optical fiber 13 acquires an image of the opening of the corresponding port 12. More specifically, FIG. 2 shows an image 20 of an opening portion of the port 12, where a portion 22 to which no clinker is attached can see the flame in the furnace, is bright, and a portion 21 to which the clinker is attached is a portion 21 by the clinker. Flames are not visible and dark. For this reason, when the luminance distribution is calculated by processing the image of FIG. 2, the portion 22 where the clinker is not attached has high luminance,
The portion 21 to which the clinker is attached has low brightness.

The image acquired by the optical fiber 13 is always supplied to the corresponding CCD camera 14. Each CCD camera 14 converts the supplied image into an image signal composed of M × N pixels shown in FIG.

The image processing device 15 processes the captured signals while switching the output signals of the four CCD cameras 14, and processes the captured signals.
It is checked whether or not the amount of the clinker attached to each uppermost secondary air port 12 exceeds a predetermined value (or a predetermined area or ratio). When the amount of the clinker attached to the port 12 exceeds a predetermined value, the image processing device 15 drives an alarm device 18 to issue an alarm to a supervisor.

The personal computer 16 takes in the image data from the image processing device 15, performs a process for displaying a CRT, and displays the processed data on the CRT 17.

The display on the CRT 17 allows the operator to monitor various data relating to the clinker adhesion and the raw images obtained by the optical fiber 13 on-line without going to the site. The computer 16 is also supplied with various information related to the operation control of the boiler.
Can be monitored on T17.

Next, the operation of calculating the degree of clinker adhesion and issuing an alarm will be specifically described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the image processing unit 15 calculates the luminance of m × n pixels forming one screen based on the image signal supplied from the CCD camera 14. Subsequently, the image processing unit 15 compares the calculated reference luminance with the predetermined reference luminance, and obtains a clinker amount N defined by the following equation (step S1).

0 ≦ i ≦ m, 0 ≦ j ≦ n αth: luminance setting value for detecting clinker adhesion This clinker amount N is obtained by the optical fiber 13
The ratio of the area of the dark part (21) to the area of one image is shown. Clinker adheres to the port and dark areas (2
If the area of 1) increases, the clinker amount N also increases.

Next, in step S2, the image processing unit 15 compares the clinker amount N with a reference value NT (for example, 30%). Steps
If it is determined in S2 that the clinker amount N exceeds the reference value NT, the flow proceeds to step S3. On the other hand, when it is determined that the clinker amount N is equal to or less than the reference value NT, the flow proceeds to step S6 described later.

For example, when the burner is not ignited, the inside of the furnace becomes dark, and as a result, the clinker amount N becomes close to 100%.
However, this is not due to clinker adhesion. Thus, in step S3, it is determined whether or not the furnace load MW exceeds the load reference value MWT based on the load signal 19 supplied from the plant control device. Furnace load MW is reference value MW
If it exceeds T, the flow proceeds to step S4. On the other hand, when the furnace load MW is equal to or smaller than the reference value MWT, the flow proceeds to Step S6 described later.

In step S4, the image processing unit 15 outputs an alarm signal to the alarm device 18 assuming that the amount of the clinker attached to the port has increased, and outputs an alarm to an operator or the like.

Thereafter, the flow proceeds to step S5, where the image processing device 15
Captures, via a CCD camera 14, an image acquired by an optical fiber installed at a port of a wind box at another corner of the boiler.

Thereafter, the flow returns to step S1, and repeats the above-described processing.

In step S2, when it is determined that the clinker amount N is equal to or less than the reference value NT, and in step S3, the furnace load MW is reduced to the reference value MW.
If it is determined that it is T or less, the flow proceeds to step S6.

In step S6, when the alarm device 18 is outputting an alarm, the image processing unit 15 stops the alarm, and performs the above-described step S5.
Proceed to.

By the above operation, the clinker amount N becomes a certain value or more,
In addition, an alarm is issued only when the furnace load is equal to or higher than the reference value. Therefore, it is possible to accurately and automatically monitor the state of the clinker attached to the furnace, and to prevent a situation where the clinker adheres to the port and the port is blocked.

In the above embodiment, the secondary air port 12 is selected as a place where the clinker is likely to adhere, and the target of the check for the clinker is checked. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and another port may be checked. In the above-described embodiment, the sensor units are arranged at one port of each of the four wind boxes. However, the positions where the sensor units are arranged, the number of places where the sensor units are arranged, and the like are arbitrary. For example, the sensor unit may be arranged only in some wind boxes. Similarly, FIG. 1 shows a state in which the optical fiber 13 is inserted into the uppermost secondary air port 12, but the optical fiber 13 may be arranged in any manner as long as a desired image is obtained. . The optical fiber 13 may be constituted by a single optical fiber or a bundle of optical fibers.

In the above-described embodiment, the sensor unit includes the optical fiber and the CCD camera, but is not limited thereto. For example, an image of a port or the like may be acquired using an industrial camera or a combination of an optical system and a CCD, and the clinker amount N may be obtained by processing this image.

In the above-described embodiment, the reference value NT is a constant value, but the reference value NT may be changed in conjunction with the furnace load indicated by the load signal MWD. In this case, the reference value NT is increased as the furnace load increases, and the reference value NT is decreased as the furnace load decreases.

The image processing method shown in FIG. 4 is an example. For example, the average luminance of the image shown in FIG. 2 is set as the clinker amount N ′, and the ratio of the area (number of pixels) of the bright part 22 and the dark part 21 of the image shown in FIG. It is also possible.

In the above embodiment, when the image obtained by the optical fiber 13 is converted into an electric signal by the CCD 14, the image is divided into a plurality of pixels, and the image processing device 15 performs data processing using the pixels. However, the image obtained by the electric signal obtained from the CCD camera 14 may be divided again into a plurality of pixels. In this regard, conventional image processing techniques can be applied.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the state of attachment of the clinker to the wind box can be monitored without the operator having to go to the site. Further, when the adhesion of the clinker increases, an alarm can be issued. As a result, means for removing the clinker can be taken at an early stage, and stable operation of the boiler can be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a clinker monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an image of a port shown in FIG. 1, FIG. The figure is a diagram for explaining the process of dividing the image shown in FIG. 2 into a plurality of pixels,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the operation of the image processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a boiler wind box. 12, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56: Port, 13: Optical fiber, 14: CCD camera, 15: Image processing device, 16: Personal computer, 17: CRT, 18: Alarm device , 2
0 ... The image of the opening, 51 ... Clinker.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masami Iida 1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki-city, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Masanori Fujino 5-7, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Prefecture In Ryo Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-59-52118 (JP, A) JP-A-59-219620 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23N 5/08 F22B 37/42

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sensor unit that captures an image of a port provided in a combustion furnace as an image, a detection unit that receives an image of the port from the sensor unit, processes the image, and obtains an amount of clinker attached to the port; Alarm means for receiving a clinker amount from the unit, and issuing an alarm so as to warn of clinker adhesion to the combustion furnace when the clinker amount becomes a predetermined value, wherein the clinker adhesion amount to the combustion furnace is A clinker monitoring device, which issues an alarm when the number increases.