JP2912464B2 - Ground stabilization method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of spraying a greening material or the like containing a continuous fiber yarn on a slope to stabilize the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A problem often encountered in a slope spraying method is that a sprayed material flows away due to rainfall or the like. In the case of spraying a greening base material, the material is eroded from the surface by flowing water.

[0003] For this reason, in the case of a greening base material, it is known that natural organic fibers such as peat moss and bark compost are mixed into the material. However, even if this measure is taken, even if it is effective in preventing early runoff, it will be ineffective in the long term due to disappearance of maturity. It has been proposed that mixed short fibers such as acrylic fiber be mixed into the greening base material.

[0004] Although it is practically effective to prevent runoff by entanglement of each short fiber, it is difficult to sufficiently cope with a case in which a wide range of collapse occurs at once. Also,
A considerable amount of fiber must be mixed in order to achieve the effect of preventing runoff, which is not economical.

On the other hand, it is also known to mix continuous fiber yarns. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No.
No. 47602 discloses that continuous fiber yarn is rolled on a slope together with a spray material. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 167170 also teaches that continuous fiber yarn is mixed with mortar and sprayed.

The incorporation of continuous fiber yarn into the sprayed material has a great effect of preventing run-off, and is particularly remarkable in the effect of preventing run-off over a wide range. In terms of the characteristics to be obtained, advantages such as a reduction in the amount of spray per target area are provided.

However, according to the conventional continuous fiber yarn feeding device, even if the continuous fiber yarn can be pneumatically fed in principle, it is extremely difficult to feed the continuous fiber yarn over a long distance.

For example, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-167170.
In FIG. 4 of the publication, a tapered water jet nozzle is coaxially provided inside a tapered tube as a pressure-feeding nozzle, and a thread-like member is guided forward of the tapered tube from a gap between the tapered tube and the nozzle. Known is a structure in which water is pumped on the water by the water jetting force from the tip.However, when the present inventors actually experimented, it was impossible to stably pump over long distances. found. Further, even when the continuous fiber yarn was passed through the nozzle and compressed air was supplied and conveyed between the nozzle and the tapered tube, the situation did not substantially change.

On the other hand, the worker loads the bobbin of the continuous fiber yarn with the shoulder or installs the bobbin near the spraying point,
Many proposals have been made for introducing a continuous fiber yarn derived from the bobbin into an injection nozzle, and injecting this together with the spray material from the injection nozzle to a spray target near the nozzle and a device suitable for it. For example, it is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-49661, JP-A-1-310019, JP-A-2-74732, and JP-A-2-49811. In contrast, the present applicant has disclosed in
No. 177721 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-232421 have proposed a device suitable for carrying a continuous fiber yarn in a long carrying pipeline and carrying it.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The continuous fiber yarn conveying device proposed by the present applicant has a higher work efficiency than a case where a worker carries out a spraying operation while carrying a bobbin on an inclined surface which is a slope. The burden on members is significantly reduced,
As for the setup such as thread change upon completion of use of one bobbin, the setup can be performed on the ground, which is extremely advantageous in terms of workability and the like.

Further, it is too burdensome for an operator to carry out a spraying operation while carrying a large number of bobbins on an inclined surface which is a slope shown in the conventional example. On the other hand, as in the present invention described later, it is preferable that the continuous fiber yarn be conveyed by air under pressure. But,
When stabilizing the ground by greening, if the greening material is a mixture of organic short fibers and muddy material, etc., it is not suitable to air-pump with a mortar spray gun. It is appropriate to pump.

Further, if the above-mentioned continuous fiber yarn is added to the greening material in the conveying guide path of the greening material or in the spray nozzle provided at the end thereof, the mixing uniformity is poor for unknown reasons. found. The present inventors have found that, after the greening base material is ejected from the spray nozzle, when the continuous fiber yarns that are air-fed and discharged from the pressure-feeding hose are merged, the greening base material mainly merges with the flow mainly composed of the greening base material. , And evenly mixed, even after spraying,
It has been found that continuous fiber yarns are uniformly dispersed in the greening base material.

However, it has been found that the merging may not be suitable in some cases depending on the ejection speed of the spray material, the specific gravity and thickness of the continuous fiber yarn, and the pumping speed (discharge speed) thereof.

Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that, particularly when a greening material is used, the continuous fiber yarns are uniformly joined and mixed mainly with the spraying material irrespective of the ejection speed, the specific gravity of the continuous fiber yarn, the discharge speed and the like. It is in.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to convey a ground improvement material mainly through one of the hollow pressure-feeding conduits and eject it from the tip thereof or from a spray nozzle provided at the tip thereof. The continuous fiber yarn is put on the flow of air by the compressed air blown into the inside of the inside, and the continuous fiber yarn is sent under pressure. And, on the other hand, adding water to the continuous fiber yarn before the continuous fiber yarn merges.

[0016]

According to the present invention, when water is added to the continuous fiber yarn air-conveyed in the hollow pressure feeding conduit, the fiber yarn becomes heavy, and after the greening base material is ejected from the spray nozzle. When they are joined, they are surely joined to the flow mainly composed of the greening base material without being blown off by the flow, and thus are uniformly mixed. Even after spraying, the continuous fiber yarns are uniformly dispersed in the greening base material.

On the other hand, when the continuous fiber yarn to which water has been added is merged in the middle of the flow of the spray material, that is, in the spraying nozzle or the pressure-feeding hose in front of the spray nozzle, the spray conditions are changed variously as compared with the case where no water is added. In most cases, the dispersibility of the continuous fiber yarn was enhanced in the stabilizing layer (such as a greening base layer or a layer of mortar) formed on the formed target surface. When this phenomenon is considered later, the difference in specific gravity between the spray material and the fiber yarn is reduced by the addition of moisture, so that the fiber yarn flows through the spray nozzle or the central portion in the pressure feeding hose in front of the spray nozzle. It is thought to be.

[0018]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a spraying state suitably applied to a greening base material, wherein 1 is a spraying nozzle, and a spraying material main body M is pressure-fed through a hose 3 from a stirrer 2A by a pressure pump 2B. Then, it is sprayed from a spray nozzle 1 at the tip onto a target surface, for example, a slope G.

On the other hand, a continuous fiber yarn 5 made of polypropylene or the like is wound, for example, in a cone shape.
And is bundled in the process of passing through the ring guide 7, and thereafter supplied as a single fiber yarn bundle, and thereafter, is passed through the reel 8 and introduced into the pressure feeding nozzle 10A, and is compressed by the compressor 4A and the other compressor 4B. The fiber is ejected from the distal end through a fiber pressure feeding hose 9A as a hollow pressure feeding guide path and a pressure feeding hose 9B connected to the fiber pressure feeding hose 9A. The tip of the hose 9B is integrated with the spray nozzle 1 by a stopper 11, and
The jetting direction of B intersects with the jetting direction of the spray material M from the spray nozzle 1. In FIG. 1, the fiber feeding hoses 9 </ b> A and 9 </ b> B are illustrated as being located below the spray nozzle 1, but it is preferable that they are actually located above the spray material M from the viewpoint of merging with the spray material M.

In the present invention, as shown in the example of FIG. 1, water is applied to the fiber yarn bundle 5 in order to surely put the fiber yarn bundle 5 outside the spray nozzle 1 against the flow of the spray material M. The water is caused to adhere by the adding device 14. Thereby, the scattering of the fiber yarn bundle 5 is prevented, and the fiber yarn bundle 5 reliably and satisfactorily joins the spray material main body M, so that the dispersibility in the material after spraying becomes excellent. It should be noted that a granulating agent or the like can be added in the conveying route mainly composed of the spray material.

The reel 8 has its rotating shaft connected to a pulse generator 12 or the like, and counts the number of pulses to determine the running speed of the continuous fiber yarn bundle 5 based on a known reel diameter. The ejection amount of the yarn bundle 5 is detected, and the ejection amount is controlled. In order to control the ejection amount, for example, the air flow from the compressors 4A and / or 4B is adjusted by the flow control valves 13A and / or 13B, the pressure itself of the compressors 4A and / or 4B is adjusted, This can be performed by adjusting the supply speed of the fiber yarn bundle with a brake (not shown) provided at an appropriate position up to the nozzle 10A. The detected traveling speed of the fiber yarn bundle 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the spray amount of the spray material M based on the detected travel speed, so that the fiber mixing amount with the spray material M that is actually sprayed on the slope G can be adjusted. It can be used effectively.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the pressure feeding nozzles 10A and 10B. This pressure-feeding nozzle comprises a main body 20 and a pipe 21 which is screwed into the main body 20 and whose screwing position is adjustable. The main body 20 is provided with an air supply hole 22 perpendicular to the axis of the pipe 21. An axially elongated header chamber 23 is formed between the end of the supply hole 22 and the outer surface of the rear end of the pipe 21, and the header chamber 23 is formed between the end face of the pipe 21 and the side wall of the header chamber 23. And the communication passage 2 of the main body 20 through a ring-shaped compressed air introduction port 24B formed by a ring-shaped compressed air introduction port 24A formed between the tapered surface at the end of the pipe 21 and the front convex portion 20a of the body 20.
0A and the communication path 21A of the pipe 21.

The communication passage 20A of the main body 20 is tapered except for the front part, and the communication passage 21A of the pipe 21 is
From the tapered surface of the constriction, it gradually expands like a trumpet. As a result, a substantially Venturi tubular communication path is formed.

Prior to the transport of the fiber yarn bundle 5, the leading end of the fiber yarn bundle 5 is threaded through the pressure feeding nozzle. Next, when compressed air is supplied from the air supply hole 22, the air once goes around the entire circumference in the header chamber 23, and has a uniform flow rate and the ring-shaped compressed air introduction port 24.
A is ejected through A and 24B. At this time, since the widths of the compressed air introduction ports 24A and 24B are narrow, the air is blown into the communication passage obliquely forward with respect to the axis of the communication passage in a state where the air flow velocity is extremely increased. Along with this ejection, the pressure around the communication passage 21A is high and the central portion is reduced, and as a result, a large amount of surrounding air is entrained from the entrance of the communication passage 20A,
With a flow rate many times the amount of air supplied from the compressor 4B, and at an increased flow velocity, the air flows toward the tip. By the pressure feeding of the air, the fiber yarn bundle 5
Is carried along. In this case, the minimum diameter d shown in FIG. 2 is 3 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more. This is in contrast to the conventional method in which the fiber is conveyed through a very small nozzle inner diameter.

The continuous fiber yarn bundle 5 thus fed under pressure is
Is ejected from the tip of the hose 9B. The jetted fiber yarn bundle 5 is drawn into the flow of the spray material M jetted from the spray nozzle 1 and is accompanied by the jet, and is sprayed on the target slope G. As a result, the continuous fiber yarn bundle 5
In a state where the fiber yarn bundles are separated and each fiber yarn is formed, a slope stabilizing layer mixed in a random state is formed.

For fine adjustment of the ejection state of the spray material main body M,
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the adjustment can be performed by the adjusting device 30 attached to the tip of the spray nozzle 1. Spray nozzle 1
Has a rubber nozzle 1A only at its tip, and a mounting ring 31 is fixed around the rubber nozzle 1A.
2 and 33 are pivotally mounted, and the main body handle 3 is attached to the lower clamping plate 33.
The rotating plate 35 is rotatably connected to the main body handle 34 by a pin 36 so as to be rotatable. The other end of the rotating plate 35 is connected to the upper holding plate 32 by a connecting rod 37. 3
Reference numeral 8 denotes an operation handle integrated with the rotary plate 35.

At the time of adjustment, if the operating handle 38 is pulled in the X direction with respect to the main body handle 34, the rotating plate 35 rotates about the pin 36, so that the upper clamping plate 32 is rotated about the pin 39. And rotate the clamping plates 32 and 33
As a result, the tip end of the rubber nozzle 1A is narrowed, and the spray material scatters in a fan shape and flies far. Conversely, if the space between the handles 34 and 38 is enlarged, that is, if the grip of the handle 38 is loosened, the spray material M is ejected in a columnar shape to fly far.

On the other hand, as the slope becomes higher or wider, the conveying distance of the spray material M and the fiber yarn bundle 5 becomes longer. In this case, there is a case where there is a limit in transporting the fiber yarn bundle 5 over a long distance with only one compressor 4A and the pressure feeding nozzle 10A, or there is a case where the transport is desired to be further stabilized.

To this end, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, another pumping hose 9B is connected in front of the pumping hose 9A with a space therebetween, and at the base end of the pumping hose 9B,
Attach the pressure feeding nozzle 10B. Also, the pressure feeding hose 9
To make it convenient to bring between A and 9B to the target spray location,
The pressure-feeding nozzle 10B and the pressure-feeding hose 9A are connected to each other directly or via a connection fitting 13 fixed to the tip of the pressure-feeding hose 9A. An outside air introduction hole 13 a is formed in the connection fitting 13.

According to this embodiment, the fiber yarn bundle 5 is pressure-fed in the pressure-feeding hose 9A by the compressed air blown by the compressor 4A, and is discharged from the tip thereof. Also,
The compressed air blown from the compressor 4B generates a flow of air flowing forward in the pressure feeding hose 9B. At this time, a large amount and high speed of the outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction hole 13a, so that the front end of the pressure feeding hose 9A While pulling out the discharged fiber yarn bundle 5 into the pressure feeding nozzle 10B, a strong conveying force is given to the fiber yarn bundle 5, and the fiber yarn bundle 5 is stably conveyed in the pressure feeding hose 9B to the target spraying point. Become like

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment, in which a pressure feeding nozzle 10B is attached in the middle of one continuous or substantially continuous pressure feeding hose 9, and an outside air introduction hole 9a is provided at the base end side. It is formed. Also in this mode, the inside of the pressure feeding hose 9 can be stably transported over a long distance.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a bulky processed yarn is used as the continuous fiber yarn. Examples of the material include resins of various series such as polyester, polyamide, acrylic, polyvinyl alcohol (including acetalized product), polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and acetate. Of these, polypropylene is particularly suitable in terms of plant growth, although the reason is not clear. Conversely, polyesters can inhibit plant growth by adsorbing iron in the soil. It is also effective to use a conjugate yarn, particularly a bonded yarn. When this kind of bulky yarn is used, the friction area with the compressed air increases during the pressure feeding of the fiber yarn or the fiber yarn bundle, and the transportability is further improved,
Further, after the spraying, the space between the fiber yarns is easily separated, and the adhesion to the spraying material is increased. The number of crimps of bulky yarn is JIS
50 to 9000 per 25 m of L 1015, especially 100 to
3000 is preferred.

When a greening base is formed, a spun yarn composed of a single fiber can be used. As one component of the spun yarn, a super-water-absorbing fiber such as "Lanseal" (trademark) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. may be partially used. For this combination, the above-mentioned wound cheese 6 for the required number of such spun yarns is used.
Can be prepared and bundled with other processed yarns. On the other hand, it is also possible to bundle the processed yarn with a continuous metal fiber. Further, a fiber in which a high-strength fiber material is provided inside and a low-strength fiber material is provided concentrically outside may be used.

As the bulky yarn or spun yarn, a single fiber having a total denier of 50 to 100 is used.
Bundling and blowing about 2 to 40 fibers of 0 d (denier) disperses more uniformly on the sprayed target surface,
It is preferable because the stability of the base is excellent. In the case of bundling, it can be converged by the ring guide 7 as in the above example.

On the other hand, it is conceivable that only one fiber yarn having a total denier is sent under pressure. However, when the fiber yarn is transported in a hose, it is easily broken. In comparison with the case where one thick fiber yarn is used, the fiber yarn bundle bundled when sprayed is dispersed and dispersed on each fiber yarn, and the dispersibility per unit area is increased, and other Good adhesion to the spray material. In particular, when mortars described below are used as the spraying material, friction between the mortar and the fiber yarns is generated, which easily causes breakage.Bundling the fiber yarns causes the surrounding fiber yarns to break or have high strength. Even if it is weakened, the fiber yarn at the center remains, so that no cutting occurs during the transfer process in the pressure feeding hose.

On the other hand, when considering actual construction on a slope,
The maximum length is 100 m and the height is 30 m from the pumping plant. Therefore, it is important that the continuous fiber yarn bundle is transported in the hose without any resistance. Although a plastic hose can be used as the hose for this purpose, it has been found that this kind of plastic hose generates static electricity and the fiber yarn bundle is clogged in the hose. On the other hand, it has been found that a rubber hose, especially a hydraulic rubber hose having a smooth inner surface, can be smoothly transported without clogging due to static electricity. The inner diameter of the hose is preferably 15 to 30 mm. Incidentally, the pressure of the compressed air is preferably ² to 15 kg / cm ² . The flow rate, preferably 0.3 ~5m ³ / min. In this case, if the flow rate and / or pressure to the pressure feeding nozzle 10B is the same as or larger than that to the pressure feeding nozzle 10A, the long-distance transportability is excellent. Moreover, the use of pumping nozzles of the aforementioned structure, in the case of pumping nozzle of JP-A-2-147721, the flow rate 1.8 ~3.34m ³ / min, pressure 2.0 ~6.1 kg / cm ²
Was required, the flow rate was 0.8 m ³ / min, and the pressure was 6.
5 kg / cm ² was sufficient for transportation. In the above-described example, the continuous fibers 5 are merged and mixed with the spray material M after it is ejected from the spray nozzle 1 because the spraying of the greening base material is mainly performed in mind. For the material, or instead of pumping
When the material prepared in accordance with the above is fed by the compressor 4C under pressure, the Y-shaped pipe 14 is provided in the spray nozzle 1 at the tip of the pressure-feeding guide path or in the Y-shaped pipe 14 in the middle of the feed guide path. To join the continuous fiber yarns 5 to which the water has been added. Reference numeral 16 denotes a water addition device for this purpose.

As the water adding device 15 or 16, the fiber yarn can be passed through a water tank, or water can be sprayed from around the flow by spraying. Further, since the position to which the water is added also depends on the air transportability, it is preferable that the position is not as far away from the junction as possible, and it is desirable that the position is within 5 m from the junction.

In the present invention, the spraying material mainly comprises:
In addition to a mortar or concrete material, a slurry containing natural organic short fibers (such as peat moss or bark compost) or a mud-like greening base material containing blackberry or purified water cake can be more suitably applied. Other natural or synthetic short fibers such as acryl can be mixed into the spray material. In any case, by mixing short fibers, continuous fiber yarns work effectively to prevent the entire target surface from collapsing or to improve strength, and to prevent partial erosion and collapse, the short fibers are used. There is a function that works effectively. Furthermore, highly uniform skill is required at the time of spraying to uniformly disperse the continuous fiber yarn on the target slope. On the other hand, as long as the short fibers are uniformly dispersed in the material in advance, the short fibers can be uniformly dispersed on the target slope, and thus are also preferable. On the other hand, a net-like body (such as a lath) or a projection (a stud) is provided on the target surface prior to spraying, so that the adhesion to the spray material can be further improved.

Example An example will be described below. (Example 1) With the equipment of FIG. 1, a mud-like greening base material including natural organic short fibers (peat moss, bark compost, etc.) and a purified water cake is pumped through one of the transport conduits, and is pumped on the way. in addition the crumb of material, along with jetted from the tip of the spray nozzle, polypropylene thread six bundled continuous fiber yarn bundle hose length 50m, air pressure 5.0 kg / cm ^2, air amount 0.8 m ³ / min From the hose tip, against the flow of the greening base material,
They crossed each other at an angle of 20 degrees, and they were projected onto the target slope while merging them. In this case, the water was added from the surroundings by a spray nozzle provided at a position 1 m from the tip of the pressure feeding hose 9B.

At this time, the nozzle man observes the confluence of the continuous fiber yarn bundles, breaks the greening base formed on the slope at many places after spraying, and removes the continuous fiber yarns in the material. Examination of the dispersion state revealed that both were in an ideal merged and dispersed state.

(Comparative Example 1) Spraying was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 without adding water. In this case, it was found that when the ejection speed of the greening base material was higher than that in Example 1, continuous fiber yarns were occasionally scattered. It was also found that the fact that the scattering was not constant and that a good merged state was observed in some cases was due to the fact that the ejection state of the material was not constant. Furthermore, when the discharge speed of the fiber yarn was increased, the scattering phenomenon was also observed.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, particularly when a greening material is used, its jetting speed, specific gravity of continuous fiber yarn,
Regardless of the discharge speed or the like, the continuous fiber yarn can be uniformly mixed and mixed mainly with the spray material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first example of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pumping device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of the ejection state adjusting device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part of a continuous portion.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part of another example of a continuous portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... spray nozzle, 2B ... pump, 3, 9 ... hose, 4
A, 4B: compressor, 5: continuous fiber yarn or continuous fiber yarn bundle, 7: ring guide, 10: pressure feeding nozzle,
20A, 21A: communication passage, 22: air supply hole, 23: header chamber, 24A, 24B: compressed air introduction port.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masao Kikuma 4-2-2-5 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Light Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshiji Sugiyama 4-2-2 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 35 Light Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuji Nakano 4-2-2 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 4-35 Light Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Einosuke Higashimura 1-5-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Yasuhisa Hirota 6-11 Izumihara-cho, Yamatokoriyama-shi, Nara Prefecture (56) References JP-A-2-43414 (JP, A) JP-B1-49661 (JP, B2) ) JP 53-47602 (JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) 02D 17/20 102

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for transporting a ground improvement material mainly through one of the hollow pressure-feeding conduits and ejecting the material from a tip thereof or a spray nozzle provided at the tip thereof, and blowing the other hollow pressure-feeding conduit into the interior. The continuous fiber yarn is put on the flow of air and pressure-fed, and the continuous fiber yarn is joined to the tip portion or the spray nozzle portion of the one hollow pressure-feeding conduit or the flow portion immediately after jetting, and A ground stabilization method comprising adding water to the continuous fiber yarn before the continuous fiber yarn joins.