JP2912992B2 - Greening method of hard slope - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a concrete spraying surface,
The present invention relates to a method of greening a hard slope, also called a more green vegetation method, in which lawns, ivy and the like can be vegetated on a hard slope such as a mortar spraying face to efficiently green the hard slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in greening hard slopes such as a concrete spraying surface and a mortar spraying surface, for example, a wing rock vegetation method (FIG. 16), a green pocket method (FIG. 18), and an organic material mixed with continuous long fibers. System greening base material spraying method (hereinafter referred to as roving shot method for convenience) (Fig. 1
9), a vegetation wall method (FIG. 20) and the like are employed.

As shown in FIG. 16, the wing rock vegetation method penetrates at a constant pitch into a hard slope 2 such as a relatively gentle concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface having a gradient of less than 1: 0.5. A hole 20 is provided, and an anchor 7 with a slat is cast into a predetermined hole of the through hole 20 (see FIG. 17).
And spraying an organic mixture such as seeds and compost to form an organic plant surface layer 59 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-681).
No. 74).

[0004] The above-mentioned green pocket method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, for example, a relatively steep concrete slope having a gradient greater than 1: 0.5 or a hard slope 2 such as a mortar spray face has a fixed size (for example, 0.2 to 0.6 horizontal).
mx vertical 0.2-0.4m) relatively large punched window 2
1, and a spraying part 41, a souvenir bag 42, a safety mat 4 called a green pocket in a portion where the window 21 is formed.
3, a method of forming a vegetation portion including a rib net 44, a drain port 40, and the like (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-42335).

[0005] The roving shot method is
As shown in FIG. 19, for example, an organic greening base material 83 mixed with continuous continuous fibers 82 continuously supplied from a yarn feeding device 81 is sprayed on a hard slope 85 by an air pressure blowing device 84, and the continuous continuous fibers A ground surface strengthening method for forming a mortar spraying surface 86 while rolling the 82 on the hard slope 85 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-47602, Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-27)
No. 38).

As shown in FIG. 20, the vegetation wall method is a large block pile method that combines both greening of the slope and earth retaining work. That is, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the large blocks 8 having a special predetermined shape are piled up in a stack shape (see FIG. 21), and the hollow portion 80 of the large blocks 8 is filled with a greening base material and earth and sand. This is a greening method of vegetation.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 22, a greening base material 58 having a thickness of 7 to 8 cm is directly sprayed on the existing hard slope 2 such as a concrete spraying face or a mortar spraying face, so that a vegetation floor is formed. And a method of spraying a thick base material.

[0008]

However, the prior art has the following problems. In the wing rock vegetation method, as shown in FIG.
If the hard slope 2 on which the air is sprayed is a steep slope, or if there is an uneven portion 48 on the hard slope 2, the uneven portion 48 and the sand base layer 4 </ b> A on the rear lower side of the bladed anchor 7 have a steep slope. Becomes unstable and easily moves downward.

That is, an overhang phenomenon 49 occurs in which a part of the sand base layer 4A slips down on the rear lower side of the bladed anchor 7. In addition, when the operation of stretching the wire net 51 requires a long time, if there is rainfall after the formation of the sand base layer 4A and before the formation of the organic vegetation surface layer 59, a part of the sand base layer 4A will flow. There is a possibility that.

When the amount of cement as a binder in the base sand 4 is large, the sand base layer 4A
Is hardened and the roots 61 of the plant 6 are
It becomes difficult to penetrate deep into A, and there is a possibility that the elongation of the root 61 is hindered.

On the other hand, in the green pocket method, as shown in FIG. 24, a relatively large window 21 is formed in the hard slope 2 by using a cutting machine or the like to form a green pocket. This requires labor and an operation of removing the residual material 28 that has been demolished from the concrete spraying surface, resulting in high cost.

Further, in the roving shot method, as shown in FIG. 19, due to the difference in skill of the operator, the continuous filaments 82 do not crawl uniformly on the hard slope 2 and unevenness 89 occurs. There are cases.

On the other hand, in the vegetation wall method, transportation and stacking work of the large blocks 8 used for the vegetation wall method are complicated.
Requires a great deal of effort. Therefore, such work requires a long time. Also, this method may not be applicable to relatively gentle hard slopes. In other words, this method is optimal when the gradient is 1: 0.3 to 0.5,
1: Not suitable for hard slopes less than 0.5.

[0014] In the above-mentioned thick layer base material spraying method,
As shown in FIG. 22, the greening base material 58 has a maximum thickness of 7 to
Since it is about 8 cm, the root of the plant does not grow to a sufficient length, or even if it grows, it hits an existing hard slope such as a concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface, and the root tip is exposed to the ground surface 69. And a part of the root 61 may die due to sunshine or the like.

[0015]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, means according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings used in the embodiments. A through hole 20 is provided in a hard slope 2 such as a hard rock slope and a retaining wall, and an anchor 7 with a slat is driven into a predetermined hole of the through hole 20. Then, a head of the anchor 7 with the slat is protruded. 86-92% by weight of the sand
5-10% by weight of water, 0.5-4% by weight of a binder,
A base sand 4 comprising 1 to 4% by weight of a greening base material and the remainder consisting of a plant growing material is sprayed on the hard slope 2, thereby forming a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of 6 to 30 cm, and then forming the sand base layer 4A. In forming the thick base material surface layer 5 having a thickness of 2 to 8 cm above the 4A, a thick base material 50 composed of an organic active fertilizer, a humic acid substance, a polymer coagulant, a mineral fired lightweight material, or the like. , And spraying them, thereby forming a two-layer vegetation deep floor layer 4B having a thickness of 8 to 38 cm, and cultivating lawns and ivy on the vegetation deep floor layer 4B.
Greening the hard slope ".

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the base sand 4 has a capillary pore volume of 30 to 70% by volume. Method ".

Means adopted by the invention according to claim 3 is that the thick base material surface layer 5 comprises 82 to 90% by weight of an organic active fertilizer, 6 to 12% by weight of a mineral fired lightweight material, and humic acid. The method for greening a hard slope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the substance comprises 1 to 4% by weight, 0.5 to 3% by weight of a polymer flocculant, and the balance is plant seeds. " It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 4 is that the anchor 7 with a wing plate has a holding member such as a net-like object 723 at a rear side thereof. Or the method for greening a hard slope according to claim 3. "

The through hole 20 has a hole diameter of, for example, 20 to 6.
0 mm, a hole penetrating the entire hard slope such as the existing concrete spraying surface, mortar spraying surface and the like having a thickness of 2 (T1) of about 10 to 30 cm. As the drilling method, various rock drills 86 and the like are used. . Further, for example, 4 to 10 through holes 20 are provided per 1 m ² . Here, among the through holes 20, for example, the anchor 7 with a wing plate is cast at a predetermined hole position at the vertex of the rhombus so as to exhibit a staggered rhombus shape (see FIG. 14). The remaining through-hole 20 collects, for example, permeated water 31 on the ground 3 side, and facilitates water absorption toward the sand base layer 4A side (for example, a vegetation cylinder having a capillary action). ) Or the base sand 4 is sufficiently injected and filled (see FIGS. 1 and 4).

The base sand 4 is applied to the surface of the hard slope 2 having a relatively gentle slope (1: 0.5 or less), for example, on an existing concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface.
4 or the like (see FIG. 3). Thus, a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of 6 to 30 cm is formed. When the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is less than 6 cm, the plant 6
This is disadvantageous because of insufficient rooting.

On the other hand, the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 30c.
m, the sand base layer 4A on the hard slope 2
It is difficult to expect the effect of improving the above-mentioned rooting that the holding property of the steel is reduced or commensurate with it. The base sand 4 is composed of 86 to 92 parts by weight of sand, 5 to 10 parts by weight of water, 0.5 to 4 parts by weight of a binder, 1 to 4 parts by weight of a greening base material, and the rest made of plant growing material. Is preferred. As a result, the capillary pore volume becomes 30
The sand base layer 4A having a volume of about 70% by volume can be formed. Water). The three-phase distribution can be in a favorable state for plant growth. If the amount of the sand is less than 86% by weight, the pore volume of the capillary becomes small, while if it is more than 92% by weight, it is not suitable for plant growth.

When the content of the binder is less than 0.5% by weight, the adhesive strength and stability (strength) inside the sand base layer 4A are reduced, and the adhesion and bonding strength to the hard slope 2 are small. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4% by weight, the sand base layer 4A becomes too hard, and the rooting of the plant deteriorates.

The sand has a particle size of, for example, 0.2 to 2.0 m.
m coarse sand, 0.02-0.2 mm fine sand, 0.002-
River sand mixed with 0.02 mm fine sand etc. at an appropriate ratio,
Use mountain sand. In addition, mountain sand has a particle size of 0.002 mm
Less silt (clay) may be present.

The thick base material 50 contains 8 organic active fertilizers.
2 to 90% by weight and 6 to 12% by weight of mineral fired lightweight material
1 to 4% by weight of the humic acid substance and 0.1% of the polymer flocculant.
It is preferred that 5 to 3% by weight and the balance be plant seeds.

When the amount of the organic active fertilizer is less than 82% by weight, the growth of the plant is deteriorated. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 90% by weight, other active ingredients such as a humic acid substance, a polymer flocculant, and a mineral fired lightweight material are contained. The amount is reduced.

If the mineral fired lightweight material is less than 6% by weight, the thick layer base material 50 is not porous, and the bulk specific gravity is increased to decrease the holding power. The content of the active ingredient is reduced.

If the humic acid content is less than 1% by weight, the growth of the plant will deteriorate, while if it exceeds 4% by weight, the content of other active ingredients will decrease.

When the amount of the polymer coagulant is less than 0.5% by weight, the tackiness inside the thick layer base material 50 is reduced, and the adhesion to the sand base layer and the bonding force are reduced. On the other hand, when the amount of the polymer coagulant exceeds 3% by weight, the internal tackiness of the thick layer base material becomes too large, so that the spraying becomes difficult.

Examples of the plant seeds include lawn, Kentucky 31, creeping, timothy, and Yamahagi. Examples of the organic active fertilizer include various plant recycling materials such as bark compost, peat moss, and humus (green manure). Examples of the polymer coagulant include an adhesive polymer material such as an acrylic resin, a polyvinyl (PVC) resin, and a melamine resin. Examples of the mineral fired lightweight material include perlite burned dead foam, obsidian fired foam, vermiculite fired foam, and diatomaceous earth fired grains. Examples of the humic acid substance include humic acid substances such as firgrass, rice straw, and defoliation, and various plant-based recycled materials such as green manure.

On the other hand, examples of the binder constituting the sand base layer 4A include various cements, water glass,
Gypsum and other organic polymer substances.

Examples of the greening base material include organic fibrous materials such as coconut husk and rice straw, organic active fertilizer, humus, peat moss, bark compost, and other humic acid substances.

Examples of the plant growing material include solid fertilizers such as nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P) and potassium (K), or chemical fertilizers, lime (Ca), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and the like. There are trace elements and other various vegetation growth promoters.

The sand base layer 4A is formed of a base sand 4 made of the above sandy mixture, and preferably has a capillary pore volume of 30 to 70% by volume,
Excellent water retention. When the pore volume of the capillary is less than 30% by volume, the air permeability decreases, while when the pore volume of the capillary exceeds 70% by volume, the solid phase occupancy decreases.

The thickness of the thick base material surface layer 5 is 2 to 8 cm.
If the thickness is less than 2 cm, the cover (mulching) effect of the sand base layer 4A becomes insufficient,
Unfavorable for plant growth. On the other hand, when the thickness of the thick base material surface layer 5 exceeds 8 cm, the holding property is deteriorated, and it is economically unfavorable, and it is difficult to expect an effect corresponding thereto.

The two layers of the sand base layer 4A and the thick base material surface layer 5 formed on the upper surface form a vegetation deep floor layer 4B having a thickness of 8 to 38 cm. If the thickness of the deep vegetation layer is less than 8 cm, the growth and rooting of the plant will be insufficient, while if it exceeds 38 cm, the retention will be poor and it will be difficult to improve various effects such as rooting of the plant.
Capillary pore volume of the sand base layer 4A is 30 to 7
In the case of 0% by volume, the permeated water 3 introduced into the sand base layer 4A from the ground 3 through the through hole 20
1 provides a sand drain effect of moving through the capillary pore gap of the sand base layer 4A by the action of capillary action, and the sand base layer 4A exhibits an optimum three-phase distribution for the growth of the plant 6.

For this reason, in the deep vegetation layer 4B composed of the sand base layer 4A and the thick base material surface layer 5, the growth of the plant 6 is promoted, and especially the rooting of the plant 6 is improved in the sand base layer 4A. Therefore, the deep vegetation layer 4B is stably held on the hard slope 2 by the roots 61, and the deep vegetation layer 4B that is stable against movement of water such as rainfall is formed.
This state is considered to be similar to an appropriate three-phase distribution state in, for example, a bonsai flowerpot. For example, the solid phase is 30-50% by volume, and the gas phase and the liquid phase are 25% each.
It exhibits a three-phase distribution of ~ 35% by volume. This is the effect of the proper mixing ratio of the base sand 4.

It is preferable that the above-mentioned anchor 7 with a wing plate is provided with an uneven rib (see FIG. 8) on the wing plate. Thereby, the adhesion to the sand base layer 4A is improved, and the retention of the sand base layer 4A is increased. Further, the blade plate 72 has an increased cross-section and increased stress resistance, and can be made thinner and lighter than a conventional anchor (see FIG. 17). This winged anchor 7 is a continuous filament 8
It is preferable to have a hook portion 73 for locking the hook 2 (see FIG. 11), and the anchor with a wing plate is to lock the thick base material surface layer 5 and the continuous long fiber 82 in the upper portion of the wing plate. (See FIG. 12).

The anchor 7 with a wing plate has an L-shaped or inverted T-shaped cross section at the center of the wing plate (FIG. 15).
(See (a)). Thus, a conventional green pocket (see FIG. 18) or a large block (see FIG. 21) can be reduced in size and used instead. In addition, the inverted T-shaped blade has a holding member made of a rear sloped net-like material 723 for holding the sand-based layer 4A of the net-like substance and the thick base material surface layer 5 on the rear side (FIG. 15).
(See (a)). This blade can be made of a plate or a net made of a metal material such as a steel material or an aluminum alloy, a reinforced plastic material, an engineering plastic material, or the like (see FIG. 15A).

The slope 2 is, for example, an existing concrete spraying surface, a mortar spraying surface, a retaining wall surface, a hard rock, or the like.

[0040]

The operation of the present invention constructed as described above will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments. The sand base layer 4A contains 86 to 92% by weight of sand and 5 to 10% of water.
By using a sandy mixture consisting of 0.5% by weight, a binder such as cement, 0.5% to 4% by weight, a greening base material, 1% to 4% by weight, and a balance of plant growing material, the sand base layer 4
A solidifies in a porous state and has excellent water permeability, air permeability and water retention. Therefore, in the sand base layer 4A, the root 61 of the plant 6 grows sufficiently using water sufficiently, and rooting is promoted (see FIG. 1).

On the other hand, the root 61 of the plant 6 enters the through hole 20 and extends to the ground 3 side. Further, the through holes 20 allow air to flow smoothly between the sand base layer 4A and the ground 3 and improve the air permeability of the entire vegetation deep floor layer 4B. Therefore, oxygen is sufficiently supplied to the roots 61 of the plant 6, the respiration of the roots 61 becomes active, and the growth of the plants is promoted.

On the hard slope 2, the thickness is 8 to 30 cm.
By forming the sand base layer 4A, the rooting effect of the plant 6 is increased. The reason for this is that the sand base layer 4A is made of a sandy mixture and becomes porous when the ratio of the sand occupies 86 to 92 parts by weight. Therefore, the amount of capillary pores in the sand base layer 4A becomes relatively large, and moisture can be sufficiently retained in the capillary pores of the sand base layer 4A by the action of capillary action. As a result, in the sand base layer 4A, the capillary water and the dynamic water that can be used by the plant 6 increase, and the growth of the plant 6 is promoted. In addition, when the amount of the capillary pores in the sand base layer 4A is large, the flow of air is improved, and the air permeability is improved.
Will be promoted.

On the other hand, it is important that the sand base layer 4A contains a binder such as cement in an amount of 0.5 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 2% by weight. for that reason,
The sand base layer 4A can prevent downward movement such as sliding down on the hard slope by firmly bonding to the hard slope while maintaining appropriate hardness (for example, 25 ± 2 mm) against the rooting of the plant. it can.

It is important that the sand base layer 4A contains a greening base material such as bark compost and peat moss in an amount of 1 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 3% by weight. Therefore, the sand base layer 4A is used as green fertilizer for plants after the greening base material is corroded in the sand base layer 4A, or a void is formed in a portion where the greening base material was present. The roots penetrate into the part and the rooting of the plant becomes good.

When an acidic fertilizer such as lime superphosphate is contained in the plant growing material, a neutralization reaction occurs with a part of the alkaline substance of the cement as the binder, and the sand base layer 4A Tend to be neutralized, which is favorable for plants.

When a slow-acting or slow-acting fertilizer is contained in the plant growing material, the fertilizer is used for the plant for a long period of time. Become.

The thick base material surface layer 5 contains an organic active fertilizer, a humic acid substance, a polymer flocculant, a mineral fired lightweight material and a plant seed, thereby being rich in plant growing material.
A relatively porous thick base material surface layer is formed. Therefore, early germination of the plant seeds and good growth of the seedlings within a short period of time are provided. Therefore, the upper surface of the existing concrete or mortar spraying slope is greened at an early stage, so that the landscape is improved and the mulching (cover) effect of the sand base layer 4A and the like is produced.

As a result, the effect of preventing the sand base layer 4A from weathering and erosion due to wind and rain, and the effect of preventing the existing concrete or mortar from being cracked due to cracks or the like are generated. In particular, the thick base material is an organic active fertilizer 82-
90% by weight, mineral fired lightweight material 6-12% by weight, humic acid substances 1-4, polymeric coagulant 0.5-3% by weight, and when the remainder consists of plant seeds, said plant seeds Early germination and early growth promotion of seedlings. Therefore, the heat insulating effect of the sand base layer 4A is increased, and it is possible to quickly restore a moist natural environment and improve the landscape.

[0049]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) A method for greening a hard slope according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, through-holes are drilled using a rock drill 86 on a hard slope 2 (thickness T1 is about 10 cm) of an existing concrete spraying surface or mortar spraying surface near an expressway or the like. 20 are provided. These through holes 20 have a hole diameter of 40 to 60 mm and are provided on the hard slope ^{2 at} 5 to 7 holes per square meter.

The hard slope 2 has an existing gradient in an aging state in which, for example, a crack or the like is partially generated.
Target slopes less than 0.5.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14, for example, four of the nine through holes 20 are provided with the bladed anchors 7 in four predetermined holes, thereby forming a substantially diamond-shaped staggered anchor arrangement.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the base sand 4 is sprayed onto the hard slope 2 by a pump 84 to a position C in the vicinity of the head of the anchor with blades, and the sand (T2) having a thickness of about 12 cm is applied. The base layer 4A is formed. The through holes 20 other than the predetermined holes into which the bladed anchors 7 are cast
In this case, the water pipe 1 (see FIG. 3) is inserted and the base sand 4 is sufficiently filled and filled in advance.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a thick base material surface layer 5 having a thickness (T3) of about 3 cm is formed above the sand base layer 4A. As a result, a two-layer vegetation deep floor layer 4B having a total thickness (T) of about 15 cm is formed.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, lawns, ivy, yamahagi and the like are vegetated in the deep vegetation layer 4B, and the upper surface of the hard slope 2 can be greened.

Here, river sand in which fine sand, coarse sand, fine sand and the like are appropriately mixed is used as the base sand 4. The base sand 4 is composed of 89% by weight of river sand, 7% by weight of water, 2% by weight of a binder such as cement, 1.5% by weight of a greening base material such as bark compost, and 0.5% by weight of a balance. fertilizer,
It is composed of a sandy mixture composed of plant growth materials such as trace elements (molybdenum, boric acid, etc.). Thereby, the sand base layer 4A with good plant rooting is formed.

The thick base material surface layer 5 is composed of a plant base material such as bark compost, peat moss, pearlite, humus, and coconut fiber mixed with plant seeds such as the lawn. The thick base material surface layer 5 mainly serves as a vegetation floor suitable for germination of plant seeds.

The anchor 7 with the wing plate is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 7, one having a long fiber locking portion 73 at the head of the anchor shaft 71 and one having a projection 74 for locking the long fiber at the upper end of the wing plate 72 are also used. Thereby, when forming the thick base material surface layer 5 by the roving shot method, the anchor 7 with the wing plate can easily lock the continuous long fibers 82, and the continuous long fibers 82 can be uniformly placed on the sand base layer 4A. Can be arranged.

As described above, as shown in FIG.
The water pipe 1 (FIG. 3) is inserted into a predetermined hole in which a continuous anchor 7 with blades having a substantially rhomboid staggered flat surface and a through hole other than the predetermined hole.
Or a large number of through holes 20 filled with the base sand 4 are provided on the hard slope 2.

On the other hand, when the capillary pore volume of the sand base layer 4A was measured by a predetermined method, the average value (n = 10) was 45 ± 2% by volume. Therefore, the permeated water 31 introduced into the sand base layer 4A from the ground 3 through the through hole 20 brings about a sand drain effect in which the sand base layer 4A moves through the capillary hole gap of the base sand 4 by the action of a capillary phenomenon. 6 will exhibit an optimal three-phase distribution for growth.

Therefore, in the deep vegetation layer 4B composed of the sand base layer 4A and the thick base material surface layer 5, the plant 6
Of the plant 6 is improved, especially in the sand base layer 4A. Further, the deep vegetation layer 4B is stably held on the hard slope 2 by the roots 61, and the vegetation deep floor layer 4B which is stable against movement of water such as rainfall is formed.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, in forming the thick base material surface layer 5 (see FIG. 1), the continuous long fibers 82 are used, and the locking portions for locking the continuous filaments 82 are used. 7
3, and the roving shot method is employed by using the bladed anchor 7 provided with the projection 74 (see FIGS. 10 to 12).

As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the lath tension 58 required in the conventional wing rock vegetation method (see FIG. 16), and the reinforcing bar 5 for providing the same.
9 can be omitted, and the thick base material surface layer 5 can be easily formed in a short time.

Therefore, according to this example, it is possible to implement a slope greening method which is excellent in workability and can reduce costs by reducing material costs. Further, before the formation of the thick base material surface layer 5, a part of the sand base layer 4A does not flow away due to rainfall or the like. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, since the deep vegetation layer 4B is deeper than the conventional vegetation, it is turned back (see FIG. 2).
Does not occur.

In the sand base layer 4A, as shown in Table 1, the amount of a binder such as cement is 0 to 6% by weight.
The experiment was conducted on the number of plants (growth number) and plant height (growth height) of the plant 6 when the above was changed, and the observation results were summarized.

[Table 1]

According to this experiment, it was found that up to 4% by weight of the binder, there was no significant difference in the number of plants and the plant height, whereas when the amount of binder was 6% by weight or more, the growth of the plant was hindered. . Therefore, in this example, it was found that the amount of the binder in the base sand is preferably 4% by weight or less and 0.5% by weight or more.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
5 and FIG. 26, the binder amount was 0.8 to
Changed to 6% by weight, and sand and binder (cement)
Only using 90% by weight of sand, 0.8% by weight of binder (cement), 8% by weight of water and the rest using base sand (use area of drogen S for curing agent) composed of greening base material such as peat moss and bark compost Experiments were conducted on the number of plants and plant height in the examples, and the observation results were summarized.

According to the above experiment, it was found that the number of plants and the plant height of the test plot containing only sand and the binder were reduced to about 40 to 60% as compared with this example. Therefore, in this example,
It turned out that it is preferable that the thick base material surface layer 5 contains an organic active fertilizer, a mineral fired lightweight material, a humic acid substance and a polymer coagulant in a specific ratio.

The amount of erosion caused by rainfall and the amount of drogen S used as a curing agent (kg / m
Experiments on the relationship with ³ ) resulted in the results shown in FIG. Comparative Example 1 was a surface layer composed of sand and a polymer flocculant (vinyl acetate polymer flocculant A), and Comparative Example 2 was a surface layer composed of sand and a polymer flocculant (vinyl acetate flocculant B). Things.

According to the above experiment, it was found that the amount of erosion (g) due to rainfall in this example was less than one-fourth to one-third in comparison with comparative examples 1 and 2. Therefore, in this example, when forming the thick base material surface layer, the organic active fertilizer of a specific compounding ratio, a humic acid substance, a polymer flocculant, a mineral fired lightweight material and a plant seed Thick layer base material (for example, trade name “IBICOMO” and “curative drogen S”)
It has been found that it is preferable to form a thick base material surface layer 5 having excellent water resistance and corrosion resistance by using the appropriate compound of the formula (1).

As a result, as shown in the present example, in the sand base layer 4A, 86 to 92% by weight of sand, particularly preferably 89 to 90% by weight, and 5 to 10% by weight of water, particularly preferably 7 to 90% by weight. 9% by weight, a binder such as cement 0.5-4% by weight, particularly preferably 1-2% by weight, and a greening base material such as bark compost 1-4% by weight, particularly preferably 2-3% by weight, It has been found that the balance preferably comprises solid fertilizer and trace elements of plant growing material.

The high-layer base material surface layer 5 is made of a thick-layer base material (for example, an organic active fertilizer having a specific composition, a humic acid substance, a polymer coagulant, a mineral fired lightweight material and a plant seed). It has been found to be preferable to use an appropriate mixture of the trade names "ibicomo" and "curative drogen S").

(Embodiment 2) This embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), in the greening method of the first embodiment, the conventional green pocket method (see FIG. 18) and the vegetation wall method (see FIG. 22) using the anchor 7 with the slats having the rear inclined net-like material 723. Instead, a simple more green construction method is partially adopted.

In this example, 89% by weight of river sand and 7.0% by weight of water were provided on the lower rear side of the slats 72.
1.5% by weight of a binder such as cement, 2.0% by weight of a greening substrate material such as bark compost and the like, and a binder-rich base sand 4 consisting of solid fertilizers, plant growth materials such as trace elements, plant seeds, etc. Was used to form a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of about 8 cm.

On the hard slope 2 other than the rear lower side of the slats 72, 89% by weight of river sand, 7.0% by weight of water, 1.0% by weight of a binder such as cement, 1.0% by weight of bark compost, etc. The sand-based layer 4A having a thickness of about 11 to 12 cm was formed using 2.5% by weight of the greening base material and the base sand 4 having a small amount of a binder composed of plant seeds.

On the lower rear side of the slats 72, 87% by weight of organic active fertilizer, 8% by weight of mineral fired lightweight material, 2% by weight of humic acid substance and 2% by weight of polymer flocculant A thick base material having a thickness of about 7 cm using a thick base material composed of plant seeds (for example, an appropriate blend of trade names “ibicomo” and “curative drogen S”) 5
And the thickness of the other hard slope 2 is about 3 to 4c.
m thick layer substrate surface layer 5 was formed.

Further, as the anchor 7 with the wing plate,
As shown in FIG. 15A, the rear slope net-like object 723 is provided.
Having hook portions 721 and nails 7 at both ends thereof.
22 was used.

As a result, as shown in FIG.
On the rear lower side B of the bladed anchor 7, the sand base layer 4A and the thick base material surface layer 5 are vegetation deep floor layers 4B having substantially the same thickness, and these are the rear slope net 723.
Will be held firmly.

On the other hand, simply placing the vegetation bag 60 on the front upper side F of the bladed anchor 7 forms a vegetation floor partially using a simple green pocket.
Shrubs and other green grass plants could be vegetated.

As described above, according to the present example, the green pocket method and the vegetation wall method, which have solved the problems in the conventional wing rock vegetation method, such as the overhang phenomenon 49 where the sand base layer 4A has slipped off partly, have been solved. An alternative vegetation method could be provided.

For this reason, in this example, a simple greening method could be performed without the complexity of the conventional green pocket method and vegetation wall method.

[0081]

As described in detail above, in the invention according to the first aspect, as exemplified in the first embodiment, "hard concrete slope, mortar sprayed face, hard rock slope, retaining wall face, etc. 2 is provided with a through-hole 20, and an anchor 7 with a slat is driven into a predetermined hole of the through-hole 20. To the hard slope 2, to 92% by weight, 5 to 10% by weight of water, 0.5 to 4% by weight of a binder, 1 to 4% by weight of a greening base material and the balance of plant growing material Spraying, thereby forming a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of 6 to 30 cm, and then forming a thick base material surface layer 5 having a thickness of 2 to 8 cm above the sand base layer 4A. Humic acid substance, polymer flocculant, mineral fired lightweight material, etc. Becomes thick layer on the substrate 50 by the addition of vegetable seeds only spraying them, thereby thickness to form a vegetation deep bed layer 4B having a two-layer structure of 8～38Cm, plants producing deep bed layer 4B
It is characterized by greening the hard slope by vegetation of grass and ivy on it, which makes it relatively porous optimal for plant growth and has stable retention on hard slope. It is possible to provide a method for greening a hard slope that can efficiently form a deep vegetation layer 4B composed of a sand base layer 4A and a thick base material surface layer 5.

According to the greening method of the second aspect,
Since the base sand 4 having a specific mixing ratio is used, the sand base layer 4 having an optimum capillary pore volume for the growth of the plant 6
A can be formed.

According to the greening method of the third aspect, since the thick base material 50 having a specific mixing ratio is used, it is optimal for germination of plant seeds and growth of seedlings, and is excellent in water resistance and corrosion resistance. The thick base material surface layer 5 having the cover (mulching) effect of the sand base layer 4A can be formed.

According to the greening method of the fourth aspect, a simple vegetation floor is partially used by simply placing the vegetation bag 60 on the front upper side of the anchor 7 with the slats. And a vegetation wall.

Further, the sand base layer 4A and the like are stably held on the lower rear side of the bladed anchor 7 without causing an overhang phenomenon 49 (see FIG. 15B) in which a part of the sand base layer 4A slips off. can do.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the hard slope 2 such as the concrete spraying surface and the mortar spraying surface has grass, ivy,
It is possible to provide a method for greening the hard slope 2 that is effective for vegetation of shrubs and the like and that is optimal for plant growth.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vegetation state of a hard slope surface according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a through hole is provided in a hard slope according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state in which a sand base layer is formed in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a thick base material surface layer is formed in Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a comparative explanatory view of the wing rock vegetation method according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of an anchor with a slat used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the anchor with a slat used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a rib portion of the anchor with blades used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of an anchor with a slat used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a front view of another embodiment of the anchor with blades used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the head of the anchor with a slat used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing another mode of the anchor with blades according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the anchor state of the continuous long fibers of the anchor with blades according to Example 1.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an arrangement arrangement of the anchors with blades according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state of a hard slope according to the second embodiment (b) and a perspective view of an anchor with a slat used in the method of greening the hard slope according to the second embodiment (a).

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional wing rock vegetation method.

17A and 17B are a front view (A) and a side view (B) of a conventional anchor with blades.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing a construction state of a conventional roving shot method.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional vegetation wall method.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a large block used in a conventional vegetation wall method.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state in a conventional thick layer base material spraying method.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a problem of the conventional wing rock vegetation method.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view showing a problem of the conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of binder in the sand base layer and the number of established plants.

FIG. 26 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of binder in a sand base layer and the plant height as the growth state of a plant.

FIG. 27 is a graph showing a relationship between the amount of the curing agent used as the surface layer of the thick base material and the amount of erosion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water guide pipe 2 hard slope 20 through hole 3 ground 4 base sand 4A sand base layer 4B vegetation deep floor layer 5 thick base material surface layer 50 thick base material 7 anchor with wing plate 71 wing plate 72 anchor shaft 73 hook part 74 Projection 82 Continuous filament

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Eiji Yoshino 3-55, Kawamacho, Ogaki-shi, Gifu IBIDEN INDUSTRY CO., LTD. (56) References 63-251523 (JP, A) JP-A-2-74724 (JP, A) JP-B-60-9174 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 17/20 102

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A concrete spraying surface, a mortar spraying surface,
A through-hole is provided in a hard slope such as a hard rock slope or a retaining wall, and an anchor with a slat is cast in a predetermined hole of the through-hole. 86-92
% By weight, 5 to 10% by weight of water, and 0.5 to 4% of a binder.
Weight percent, 1 to 4 weight percent of the greening base material, and the remainder of the base sand made of plant growing material is sprayed on the hard slope to form a sand base layer having a thickness of 6 to 30 cm. In forming a thick base material layer having a thickness of 2 to 8 cm above the base layer, a thick base material including an organic active fertilizer, a humic acid substance, a polymer flocculant, a mineral fired lightweight material, and the like. To the plant seeds and spray them to form a two-layer deep vegetation layer having a thickness of 8 to 38 cm.
A method for greening a hard slope, wherein lawns and ivy are vegetated on the deep vegetation layer to green the hard slope. 2. The base sand has a capillary pore volume of 30 to 70.
The method for greening a hard slope according to claim 1, wherein the volume is% by volume. 3. The thick base material surface layer is made of an organic active fertilizer 8
2 to 90% by weight, mineral fired lightweight material 6 to 12% by weight,
The method for greening a hard slope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 1 to 4% by weight of the humic acid substance, 0.5 to 3% by weight of the polymer flocculant and the balance are plant seeds. . 4. The hard method according to claim 1, wherein the bladed anchor has a holding member such as a net-like material at a rear side thereof. Greening method.