JP2913619B2 - Vehicle pressure control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle pressure control device for suppressing fluctuations in vehicle interior pressure which are likely to occur as the speed of a railway vehicle increases.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In railway vehicles, especially in railway vehicles for passengers,
It is necessary for passengers and occupants to be able to spend comfortably in the passenger compartment with high-speed and safe traffic. Railroad vehicles tend to fluctuate in-vehicle pressure due to a sudden change in the environment outside the cabin between an open large space and a narrow space such as a tunnel, or a high-speed vehicle passing in the opposite direction in a double track section. Fluctuations in the cabin pressure at the time of entering a tunnel or passing a train cause an unpleasant phenomenon called "earspin" to passengers and occupants in the cabin. Railway vehicles need to ventilate the passenger compartment, and it is not possible to seal the passenger compartment and completely shut off the interior and exterior of the passenger compartment. For this reason, pressure fluctuations outside the vehicle cabin cause pressure fluctuations inside the vehicle, which causes an increase in the phenomenon of “ear pinching” accompanying the speeding up of railway vehicles.

[0003] A prior art for maintaining a constant pressure in a vehicle cabin by using a vehicle ventilation control device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-64255 by the present applicant. In this prior art, a vehicle is provided with an air supply fan and an air supply valve in series with the air supply fan,
An exhaust fan, an exhaust valve in series with the exhaust fan, an in-vehicle pressure sensor and a control device for detecting the pressure in the passenger compartment, and a control device for controlling the air supply fan, the exhaust fan, the air supply valve and the exhaust valve based on the in-vehicle pressure sensor signal. To prevent unpleasant phenomena such as "earspin".

[0004] The idea of detecting the pressure in the passenger compartment and controlling the air supply device and the exhaust device to suppress the change in the passenger compartment pressure is as follows.
It is also suggested in JP-A-2-258410.

[0005]

Fluctuations in the passenger compartment pressure of a railway vehicle are mainly caused by changes in the pressure outside the passenger compartment.
As in the prior art, simply detecting the vehicle interior pressure and controlling it to be constant does not provide sufficient responsiveness to changes in vehicle exterior pressure, and it is difficult to suppress unpleasant phenomena such as "earspin". is there. That is, in the control for keeping the vehicle interior pressure constant, the ventilation control is performed only after a deviation between the vehicle interior pressure and a preset target value occurs. It is difficult to follow a sudden change in the pressure outside the vehicle due to a delay in response until the control is performed.

For example, in the prior art of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-258410, a control method is used in which the number of rotations of the air supply and exhaust fans is independently controlled by a vehicle interior pressure sensor so as to keep the vehicle interior pressure constant. The adjustment of the supply air amount and the exhaust air amount of the air supply fan and the exhaust fan is performed after the vehicle interior pressure changes, which causes a time delay. For this reason, when targeting a vehicle in which the pressure outside the vehicle compartment fluctuates greatly, such as a high-speed vehicle, pressure control may be delayed, and satisfactory control performance may not be obtained. In particular, control is difficult when the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle compartment is large, such as when a train passes or enters a tunnel.

In the prior art of Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-64255, an in-vehicle pressure sensor, an air supply fan, an exhaust fan, an air supply valve installed in series with the air supply fan, an exhaust valve installed in series with the exhaust fan, and an open valve are provided. Valves are provided, and the signals from the in-vehicle pressure sensor are arithmetically processed to adjust the opening of each valve to suppress fluctuations in the cabin pressure. The control of the opening degree of the air supply valve and the exhaust valve can increase the response speed more than the rotation speed control of the air supply fan and the exhaust fan.
Although it can be expected to improve the responsiveness of the cabin pressure control more than the prior art of 10 above, if extra space is required in the vehicle body to provide the supply valve and the exhaust valve, and if sufficient space is not obtained, The supply and exhaust valves cannot be installed. In addition, since only the pressure in the vehicle compartment is detected by the vehicle interior pressure sensor, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-25841 is used.
As in the case of 0, a time delay occurs after the pressure fluctuation occurs outside the vehicle compartment until the control is performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle pressure control device capable of suppressing fluctuations in vehicle interior pressure with a simple configuration without causing a time delay.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle pressure control device for controlling the pressure in a passenger compartment of a railway vehicle by air supply or exhaust by a ventilating device. A strain gauge attached inside the roof or side wall of the vehicle body and directly above the bogie to derive an output representing a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle, and responding to outputs from the vehicle interior pressure detecting means and the strain gauge, External pressure estimating means for estimating the outdoor pressure, and a pressure change in the vehicle interior due to a pressure change outside the vehicle when a change occurs in the pressure outside the vehicle in response to outputs from the internal pressure detecting means and the external pressure estimating means. And control means for controlling the amount of ventilation of the air supply or exhaust of the ventilator so that the pressure in the vehicle interior changes in the direction of canceling the pressure. According to the invention, the vehicular pressure control device detects the passenger compartment pressure of the railway vehicle by the vehicle interior pressure detecting means, and controls the supply or exhaust by the ventilation device. The control means include:
When the output from the external pressure estimating means for estimating and detecting the pressure outside the vehicle compartment is given and the pressure outside the vehicle compartment changes,
The air supply or exhaust ventilation is controlled such that the pressure in the vehicle interior changes in a direction to cancel the pressure change in the vehicle interior due to the pressure change outside the vehicle interior. The cause of the pressure fluctuation inside the vehicle compartment is the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle compartment, and when the pressure outside the vehicle compartment changes, the ventilator is controlled to suppress the change in the pressure inside the vehicle compartment. Phenomena such as "earspin" can be suppressed without a change in indoor pressure. That is, when the pressure outside the vehicle compartment increases, the ventilation volume of the exhaust gas is increased, and when the pressure outside the vehicle compartment decreases, the ventilation volume of the air supply is increased, thereby suppressing the pressure change in the vehicle compartment, and the , Etc., can be easily performed.

According to the present invention, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is detected by the strain gauge, and the outside pressure is estimated by the outside pressure estimating means based on the inside pressure and the inside and outside pressure difference. In order to directly detect and accurately control the outside pressure of the vehicle compartment and perform accurate control, calibration is required when the outside pressure of the vehicle compartment and the pressure in the vehicle compartment coincide with each other. When estimating the outdoor pressure, since the absolute value of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is sufficiently smaller than the absolute value of the pressure inside the vehicle, there is little need to calibrate the detected pressure values inside and outside the vehicle.

According to the present invention, in order to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle, a strain gauge is used, and the pressure difference between inside and outside of the vehicle is detected based on distortion of a structural member of the vehicle body. According to the present invention, the detection of the inside / outside pressure difference is performed based on the distortion of the structural member of the vehicle body. The structural member of the vehicle body expands or contracts based on a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle compartment, and the degree can be detected by a strain gauge. When directly detecting the pressure outside the vehicle interior or the pressure difference outside the vehicle interior, it is necessary to expose the detection end to the outside of the vehicle body. The outside of the vehicle body is an environment with a lot of dust, rainwater, oil, etc., and it is necessary to protect the detection end,
By detecting the distortion of the structural member of the vehicle body, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle compartment can be easily and reliably detected. An important configuration in the present invention is that the strain gauge is attached to the inside of the roof or side wall of the vehicle body and directly above the bogie, whereby the structural distortion of the vehicle due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle compartment is achieved. Can be obtained relatively easily, and control signal lines for other devices are often already installed in the vicinity of such a portion, and signal lines up to the strain gauge are also easily installed. . Further, as described above, since the strain gauge is located directly above the bogie, the influence of body deformation due to increase / decrease of passengers and body shake is further reduced, and only the body deformation based on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle can be easily detected. Can be.

Further, the present invention provides a noise filter between a strain gauge and a vehicle external pressure estimating means for reducing the influence of distortion generated by vibration of a vehicle body, vibration of a bogie motor, gears, wheels, or railroad joints. , Characterized by being interposed. According to the present invention, the effect of the distortion of the strain gauge caused by the vibration of the vehicle body can be reduced by the function of the noise filter, so that the external pressure can be accurately estimated.

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic electrical configuration of an in-vehicle pressure control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. An air supply device 2 and an exhaust device 3 are provided on a vehicle body 1 of a high-speed railway vehicle for each vehicle, and a control device 4 controls ventilation in the vehicle. The air supply device 2 often includes an air supply fan, a motor for driving the air supply fan, and a motor driving device. In addition, the exhaust device often includes an exhaust fan, a motor for driving the exhaust fan, and a motor driving device. An air supply valve and an exhaust valve that can be opened and closed by the control device 4 may be provided in series with each fan.

The control device 4 controls the air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3 in order to keep the air in the vehicle compartment clean, takes in fresh air outside the vehicle compartment, and discharges the air in the vehicle compartment outside the vehicle compartment. . When a rotation command is given to a motor drive device for rotating each fan, the amount of air supplied from the air supply device 2 and the amount of exhaust air from the exhaust device 3 can be controlled. When an air supply valve and an exhaust valve are provided in series with each fan, the opening of these valves can be adjusted by the control device 4.

The pressure in the vehicle compartment can be detected by a vehicle pressure sensor 5 which is a vehicle pressure detecting means. In order to detect a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin of the vehicle body 1, a pressure difference sensor 6 serving as an inside / outside pressure difference detecting means is provided, and the outside pressure estimator 7 serving as an outside pressure estimating means detects the pressure difference sensor 6. The vehicle exterior pressure is estimated based on the value and the detection value of the vehicle interior pressure sensor 5. Further, a noise filter 8 is provided so that the detection value of the pressure difference sensor 6 is not affected by noise.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration for controlling the vehicle internal pressure by the control device 4 of FIG. The difference between the outside pressure signal from the outside pressure estimator 7 and the reference value of the inside pressure is calculated by the subtraction element 9. The in-vehicle pressure signal from the in-vehicle pressure sensor 5 is compared with a reference value of the in-vehicle pressure preset by the subtraction element 10. The deviation between the reference value of the vehicle interior pressure and the vehicle exterior pressure derived as a result of the comparison by the subtraction element 9 is arithmetically processed by the differential element 11 and the proportional element 12, respectively. The difference in the in-vehicle pressure compared with the reference value of the in-vehicle pressure by the subtraction element 10 is given to the differentiation element 13, the proportional element 14, and the integration element 15.

The differential elements 11 and 13 detect a change in the input deviation. In the proportional elements 12 and 14, arithmetic processing proportional to the input deviation is performed. Integral element 1
In 5, the arithmetic processing for removing the steady deviation is performed. The outputs from the differential element 11 and the proportional element 12 are
The addition is performed by the addition element 16. Differential element 13, proportional element 1
The outputs from 4 and the integrating element 15 are added by an adding element 17. The outputs from the two adding elements 16 and 17 are added by an adding element 18. The output obtained by adding the output from the adding element 18 to the reference value of the ventilation volume by the adding element 19 is given to the air supply device 2. The calculation result obtained by subtracting the output of the addition element 18 from the reference value of the ventilation amount by the subtraction element 20 is given to the exhaust device 3. From the addition element 19 and the subtraction element 20, a rotation speed command is given to the motor drive devices of the air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3, respectively. When the value of the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed command increases, the air flow rate increases, and when the rotation speed decreases, the air flow rate decreases. When an air supply valve and an exhaust valve are respectively added to the air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3, the adjustment of the air flow rate can be supplemented by the action of each valve. Also, keep the rotation speed of the motor of the air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3 constant,
Adjustment of the air supply flow rate can be performed only by adjusting the opening degree of the air supply valve and the exhaust valve.

The differential element 13 performs a differential operation on the deviation between the in-vehicle pressure signal and the reference value of the in-vehicle pressure. However, since the reference value of the in-vehicle pressure is normally constant, the difference between the in-vehicle pressure and the reference value is calculated. The differential value can also be regarded as a differential value of the actual vehicle interior pressure. The differential value calculated by the differential element 13 is a differential value of the in-vehicle pressure, and the change is smaller than the fluctuation of the out-of-vehicle pressure. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory control performance with quick response. On the other hand, the outside pressure of the outside pressure signal can be directly detected as a change in the outside pressure, particularly through the differential element 11, and the control performance can be improved by increasing the responsiveness.

A differential element 13, a proportional element 14, and an integral element 15 based on the deviation between the vehicle interior pressure and the reference value of the vehicle interior pressure.
Is widely known as PID control.
The differential element 15 detects fluctuations in the vehicle interior pressure to improve the responsiveness of the control system, and the integration element 15 contributes to the action of removing a steady deviation between the reference value of the vehicle interior pressure and the actual vehicle interior pressure.
However, it takes time before the value corresponding to the pressure difference is integrated into the integration element 15. On the other hand, if the proportional element 12 to the deviation of the vehicle internal pressure is used, the supply air amount and the exhaust air amount necessary for making the vehicle internal pressure equal to the reference value of the vehicle internal pressure are immediately calculated, and the time required for integration is not required. And the control performance can be further improved.

FIG. 3 shows a control process according to this embodiment.
It is shown in comparison with other methods. Assuming that the vehicle outside pressure, which is the vehicle outside pressure, increases from time t1 to time t2 while the railroad vehicle is traveling, the pressure inside the vehicle without control changes as indicated by the broken line. In the change of the vehicle interior pressure based only on the vehicle interior pressure, for example, as indicated by a one-dot chain line,
The control is such that the change in the pressure continues even after the change in the outside air pressure ends. In the control according to the present embodiment indicated by the two-dot chain line, the change in the vehicle interior pressure ends immediately after the change in the vehicle exterior pressure ends.

When vehicle interior pressure control is performed using an external pressure sensor and an internal pressure sensor, calibration is required to ensure the relative accuracy. This means that if the signals from the outside and inside pressure sensors are
This is because, even if the pressure inside the vehicle is the same, if there is an error in the signal, an error occurs in the control of the pressure inside the vehicle.

When the pressure difference sensor 6 as shown in FIG. 1 is used to detect the pressure outside the vehicle compartment, if the pressure inside the vehicle and the pressure inside the vehicle are the same, the signal of the pressure sensor 5 inside the vehicle and the pressure outside the vehicle are estimated. The signals from the vehicle exterior pressure estimator 7 are the same, and there is no need for calibration. This is because if the pressures inside and outside the vehicle are the same, the signal of the pressure difference sensor 6 becomes zero. Even if there is some error in the signal of the pressure difference sensor, it does not become completely zero. Since the absolute value of the inside / outside pressure difference is sufficiently smaller than the absolute value of the inside pressure, the relative accuracy between the output signal of the outside pressure estimator 7 and the inside pressure sensor 5 achieves good inside pressure control. This is because sufficient accuracy can be secured.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the pressure difference sensor 6 of FIG. A strain gauge 22 is attached to the structural member 21 of the vehicle body 1 from the inside, and deformation of the vehicle body 1 due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is detected by the strain gauge 22, thereby detecting a change in a strain amount corresponding to the pressure difference between inside and outside the vehicle compartment. be able to. A roof or a side wall is suitable as a structural member on which the strain gauge 22 is installed. With such a part, structural distortion of the vehicle due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle compartment can be obtained relatively easily, and a control signal line of another device is already installed near such a part. In many cases, it is easy to install signal lines up to the strain gauge 22. By selecting the roof or side wall and directly above the bogie that supports the car body, the influence of car body deformation due to the increase or decrease of passengers and body shake is further reduced, and only car body deformation based on internal / external pressure difference is easily performed. Can be detected. When the strain gauge 22 is installed on the floor of the vehicle, a good signal is not necessarily obtained because the rigidity of the floor material is high and the distortion is hardly detected, and noise is easily generated due to the movement of the passenger or the occupant. Can not.

Further, in the configuration of FIG.
A noise filter 8 is interposed in the output of the vehicle to reduce the influence of distortion caused by the vibration of the vehicle body 1 or the vibration generated from the motors, gears, wheels, or seams of the tracks of the bogie.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the pressure outside the vehicle compartment is estimated and detected, the pressure fluctuation inside the vehicle compartment based on the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle compartment can be detected in advance, and a simple configuration can be realized. Even if there is a time delay in controlling the cabin pressure by air supply or exhaust by the ventilation device, the cabin pressure can be controlled to such an extent that unpleasant pressure fluctuation such as "ear pin" does not occur. .

According to the present invention, the pressure outside the vehicle compartment is estimated based on the pressure inside the vehicle compartment and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle, as described above. Even if calibration for detection is not performed, pressure fluctuation in the vehicle cabin can be sufficiently suppressed.

Further, according to the present invention, since the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is detected based on the distortion of the structural members of the vehicle body, it is not necessary to directly detect the pressure in a severe environment outside the vehicle interior, and the fluctuation of the vehicle interior pressure can be easily performed. Can be suppressed. In particular, according to the present invention, the pressure difference inside the vehicle is detected by the strain gauge, the signal line is easily installed, the influence of the deformation of the vehicle body due to the increase / decrease of the number of passengers and the shaking of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside can be reduced. Only the deformation based on the vehicle body can be accurately detected. This makes it possible to accurately estimate the pressure outside the vehicle cabin by the vehicle external pressure estimating means. Further, according to the present invention, by using the noise filter, the influence of the distortion caused by the vibration of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the pressure outside the vehicle compartment can be more accurately estimated.

[0032]

[0033]

[0034]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic electrical configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration for controlling a control device 4 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an example of a control state according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 in comparison with another control method.

FIG. 4 is a simplified perspective view showing an example of the pressure difference sensor 6 of the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 vehicle body 2 air supply device 3 exhaust device 4, 24 control device 5 vehicle internal pressure sensor 6 pressure difference sensor 7 vehicle external pressure estimator 8 noise filter 11 differential element 21 structural member 22 strain gauge

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Kunihiko Shimizu 2-18-18 Wadayama-dori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hyogo Plant (56) References JP-A-5-178207 (JP, A) JP-A-7-25337 (JP, A) JP-A-64-109232 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B61D 27/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vehicle pressure control device for controlling the pressure in a passenger compartment of a railway vehicle by air supply or exhaust by a ventilation device, comprising: an in-vehicle pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure in the passenger compartment; A strain gauge attached inside and directly above the bogie to derive an output representing a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle, and an outside pressure for estimating a pressure outside the vehicle compartment in response to outputs from the inside pressure detecting means and the strain gauge. Estimating means, and responding to outputs from the in-vehicle pressure detecting means and the out-of-vehicle pressure estimating means, when the pressure outside the cabin changes, the pressure in the cabin is canceled in a direction to cancel the pressure change in the cabin due to the pressure change outside the cabin. Control means for controlling the amount of ventilation of the air supply or exhaust of the ventilator so that the pressure changes. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:
2. The vehicle pressure control device according to claim 1, further comprising a noise filter for reducing an influence of distortion generated by vibration generated from a vibration of a vehicle body, a bogie motor, a gear, a wheel, or a railroad joint.