JP2917586B2 - Stringing speed calculator and stringer timing calculator for automatic piano - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a striking speed calculating apparatus and a striking time calculating apparatus for an automatic piano which are effective for accurately calculating string striking information such as a string striking speed and a string striking time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At the time of recording a performance of an automatic piano or the like, string striking information such as a string striking speed equivalent to the strength of striking a string by a hammer of a string striking mechanism and a string striking time equivalent to a string striking time after a key is struck. The following techniques have conventionally been proposed as techniques for detecting performance information). (1) "A performance information sensor of an automatic performance piano" which detects a state in which a hammer shank passes between a plurality of pairs of light emitting elements and light receiving elements (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-33394). (2) An automatic performance piano performance information sensor that detects a state in which a hammer shank shields two pairs of light beams guided by a plurality of pairs of optical fibers (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-33395). (3) "A performance information sensor of an automatic performance piano" which forms an optical path by a plurality of pairs of optical fibers and a condensing lens and sequentially detects reflected light accompanying passage of a reflector disposed in a string striking mechanism (J. No. 6899).

[0003]

In each of the above-mentioned prior arts, the stringing speed is determined based on the time difference in which a part of the stringing mechanism shields the optical path formed at two places within the rotation range of the stringing mechanism. Alternatively, the configuration is such that the striking time is calculated. Therefore, the string striking speed calculated in this way is only an average speed near the string striking point, and is not an instantaneous speed immediately before striking, and thus does not always accurately reflect the actual striking speed. there were. Further, in the configuration in which the time when the stringing mechanism interrupts the optical path is regarded as the stringing time, there is a problem that the time when the hammer of the stringing mechanism actually strikes the string cannot be accurately grasped. In addition, as a countermeasure against the above-mentioned inconvenience, an optical sensor or an optical fiber forming a pair of optical paths, which are two measurement points for detecting the stringing information, may be disposed very close to the stringing position of the stringing mechanism. Although it was considered, in order to actually measure, it is necessary to separate two measurement points by a predetermined distance or more, and due to restrictions such as mechanical mounting accuracy, only the average speed before string striking can be measured. It was impossible to measure the instantaneous speed immediately before the string and the actual striking time, and there was still room for improvement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art at a glance, and preferably calculates the string striking speed immediately before striking the automatic piano and the string striking information comprising the string striking time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a calculating device and a striking time calculating device.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic piano, comprising: a plurality of continuous positions on a path which the stringing mechanism of an automatic piano passes before reaching a stringing position; Detecting means for detecting a value corresponding to a passing time between the plurality of positions and a stringing position; a storing means for storing a mutual distance equivalent between the stringing positions in advance; and a plurality of positions storing the storing means. The string striking mechanism moves the string striking position from any one of the plurality of positions to the string striking position based on a high-order equation passing through a plurality of points determined according to a distance equivalent amount between and the passing time equivalent value detected by the detecting means. Calculating means for interpolating a value corresponding to the striking position reaching time until the string arrives, and the string striking based on the value corresponding to the striking position reaching time calculated by the calculating means and the distance equivalent stored in the storage means. Calculate the striking speed of the mechanism And chord velocity calculation means, the string-striking velocity calculating device of player piano, characterized in that it comprises a one in which the subject matter. A second aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that a string striking start timing detecting means for detecting a string striking operation start timing equivalent value of a string striking mechanism of an automatic piano; Detecting means for detecting a passage time equivalent value between a plurality of successive positions of a path that the string mechanism passes before reaching the stringing position, and a mutual distance equivalent amount between the plurality of positions and the stringing position in advance. Based on a high-order equation passing through a plurality of points determined according to the distance equivalent between the plurality of positions and the passing time equivalent value detected by the detecting means, Calculating means for interpolating a value corresponding to a string striking position arrival time until the string striking mechanism reaches the string striking position from any of the plurality of positions; and a string striking position reaching time calculated by the calculating means. Value and above A string striking time calculating means for calculating a string striking time of the string striking mechanism based on a string striking operation start time equivalent value detected by the means. It is an abstract.

[0006]

The structure according to claim 1 is based on a high-order equation passing through a plurality of points determined according to a distance equivalent amount between a plurality of positions stored in the storage means and a transit time equivalent value detected by the detection means. The calculating means interpolates a value equivalent to a string striking position arrival time from any one of a plurality of successive positions of the path that the string striking mechanism reaches before the string striking position reaches the string striking position. The string striking speed calculating means operates to calculate the string striking speed of the string striking mechanism based on the string striking position arrival time equivalent value and the distance equivalent amount. The configuration according to claim 2 is based on a high-order equation passing through a plurality of points determined according to a distance equivalent amount between a plurality of positions stored in the storage unit and a passage time equivalent value detected by the detection unit, Before the stringing mechanism reaches the stringing position, the calculating means interpolates and calculates a stringing position arrival time equivalent value from any one of a plurality of continuous positions of the path that passes through to the stringing position. The string striking time calculating means operates to calculate the string striking time of the string striking mechanism based on the string striking position arrival time equivalent value and the string striking operation start time equivalent value detected by the string striking time detecting means. . That is, instantaneous string striking information of the string striking mechanism immediately before striking is calculated by an interpolation operation based on passage information of a plurality of continuous positions on a path that the string striking mechanism passes before reaching the string striking position. Therefore, the apparatus for calculating the string striking speed and the string striking time of the automatic piano according to the present invention works to calculate the string striking speed and the exact string striking time at the moment immediately before the string striking. As described above, each component of the present invention operates,
Technical problems of the present invention are solved.

[0007]

Next, some preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment A stringing information calculation apparatus for an automatic piano according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, the stringing information calculation device 1 for an automatic piano calculates a stringing speed and a stringing time of an automatic piano. A string mechanism 3, a passage timing sensor 4 for detecting passage times at a plurality of successive positions on a path that the string striking mechanism 3 passes before reaching the string striking position,
The stringing speed V and the stringing timing T are calculated based on the detection results of the key sensors 5 and the sensors 4 and 5 for detecting the key press and key release timing of a key (not shown) for transmitting the turning power to the stringing mechanism 3. It comprises an arithmetic circuit 6.

In the string striking mechanism 3, a wippen 12 is rotatably supported on a center rail 11 via a whip pen range 11A, and the wippen 12 is interlocked with the movement of a key (not shown). Jack Frenzy 1
The jack 13 is rotatably supported via 2A, and the jack 13 rises in accordance with the rotation of the wipen 12. On the other hand, a bat 14 is rotatably supported by the center rail 11 via a bat flange 11B. The bat 14 rotates clockwise as the wipen 13 rises. The bat 14 has a hammer shank 1 whose initial position is defined by contact with a hammer rail 15.
A hammer 17 for striking the string 2 is provided at the tip of the hammer shank 16. Also, a damper 1 for stopping the string 2 is provided on the center rail 11.
8 is also arranged rotatably.

The hammer shank 16 linked to the hammer 17 is provided with a shielding plate 19 for shielding the three optical paths formed by the passage timing sensor 4. The passage time sensor 4 includes a first hammer sensor 21, a second hammer sensor 22, and a third hammer sensor 23, which are transmission-type optical sensors that form the three optical paths. On the other hand, on the side of the passage time sensor 4 of the shielding plate 19, a first shielding portion 19A and a second shielding portion 19 projecting stepwise corresponding to the first to third hammer sensors 21, 22, 23.
B, a third shielding portion 19C is formed. Here, the first
The positions of the third to third hammer sensors 21, 22, 23 and the first to third shielding portions 19A to 19C are determined by the path through which the hammer 17 strikes the string O (shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure). )) The first shielding portion 19A shields the first hammer sensor 21 at the time of passing the upper position A, and the second shielding portion 19B shields the second hammer sensor 22 at the time of passing the position B. The third shield 19C is positioned so as to shield the third hammer sensor 23 at the time of passing through.

Next, the configuration of the arithmetic circuit 6 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the arithmetic circuit 6 includes first to third hammer sensors 21, 22, 23 and a key sensor 5
A determination circuit 31 that inputs the detection result of the above, determines the detection result and outputs the determination result, and timers 32, 33, and 3 that independently measure the time in accordance with the determination result output from the determination circuit 31
4. A memory 35 in which the intervals between the positions A, B, and C on the path of the hammer described above are stored in advance, and the timers 3 described above.
2, 33, 34 and a logic operation circuit 36 composed of a DSP for calculating a string striking speed V and a string striking time T by inputting data from the memory 35. Logical operation circuit 3
6 is a position C based on the time value t _{AB of} the timer 32, the time value t _BC of the timer 33, and the data from the memory 35.
, An interpolation calculating unit 37 for calculating a time t _CD from the time of reaching the string striking position to the position D by an interpolation calculation, based on the time t _CD calculated by the interpolation calculating unit 37 and the distance data in the memory 35. The time t _CD , which is the calculated value of the stringing speed calculating unit 38 for calculating the string speed V and the interpolation calculating unit 37, the counted value t _{AB of} the timer 32, the counted value t _{BC of} the timer 33, and the counting of the timer 34. A string striking time calculating section 39 for calculating a string striking time T based on the value is provided.

Next, the operation of the arithmetic circuit 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. When the key is pressed, the key sensor 5 outputs a key pressing detection signal, and the determination circuit 31 causes the timer 34 to start counting time. The striking mechanism 3 starts rotating in response to the key depression,
The hammer 17 before striking rotates toward the string 2. When the striking point O of the hammer 17 passes through the position A on the path, the first hammer sensor 21 outputs a first detection signal, and based on the first detection signal, the determination circuit 31 stops the timer 34 from timing. At the same time, the timer 32 is started to measure time. Next, when the hammer 17 passes through the position B, the second hammer sensor 22 outputs a second detection signal. Based on the second detection signal, the determination circuit 31 causes the timer 32 to stop timing and Start timing.
Further, when the hammer 17 passes through the position C, the third hammer sensor 23 outputs a third detection signal.
The determination circuit 31 causes the timer 33 to stop timing based on the detection signal.

Then, the timer 32 determines that the passage time from the position A of the string striking point O of the hammer 17 to the position B is a certain time t _AB.
And the timer 33 _measures the time t _BC which is the transit time from the position B to the position C. In addition, position A
Distance d _AB between position B and position B, distance d _BC between position B and position C,
The distance d _CD between the position C and the position D which is the string striking position is measured in advance and stored in the memory 35. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, an interpolation operation is performed by a quadratic expression passing through three points of positions A, B, and C, and the hitting point O of the hammer 17 from the position C to the position D, which is the hitting position, is calculated. The transit time t _CD is calculated as Ait
It is calculated by the method of Ken. That is, the transit time from the position A to the position D can be described as the following equation (1).

(Equation 1) Therefore, the passage time t _CD of the hammer 17 from the position C to the position D which is the string striking position is represented by the following equation (2).
It can be calculated as follows.

(Equation 2) The calculation of the above equation (2) is performed by the interpolation calculation unit 37 shown in FIG. 1, and the transit time t _CD is output.

The transit time t output by the interpolation calculator 37
_CD is input to the final hammer velocity calculation unit 38, the final hammer velocity calculation unit 38, string-striking speeds than the distance d _CD and the transit time t _CD of the position D is a position C and string-striking position shown in FIG. 2 Calculate and output V. Here, a position C and a position D which is a string striking position
The distance d _CD is僅小with, whereas, since the passing time t _CD is a value calculated by the interpolation operation as described above, the string-striking velocity V is equivalent to the instantaneous speed of the string striking immediately before by the hammer 17 Value. On the other hand, after the key is depressed, the time until the striking point O of the hammer 17 passes the position A is determined by the timer 34, the passing time t _AB from the position A to the position B is determined by the timer 32, and the time from the position B to the position C is determined by the timer 32. transit time t _BC timer 33, passage time t _CD is the interpolation operation unit 37 from the position C position to D is a string striking position, each time measurement, or, since the calculation, the string striking timing calculation unit 39 thereof The estimated string striking time T is calculated by adding the above results. Here, the hammer 17 has been
Is a measured value, and as described above, the passing time t _CD is based on a high-precision interpolation calculation. This is a value corresponding to the time when the hammer 17 strikes the string 2.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the string striking speed V corresponding to the instantaneous speed immediately before striking the hammer 17 and the estimated string striking corresponding to the actual string striking time after the key is depressed. The timing T can be calculated with a simple configuration. Further, even when the settings of the positions A, B, and C change due to the mounting accuracy of the passage timing sensor 4 and the shielding plate 19,
If the values of the distances d _AB , d _BC , and d _CD stored in the memory 35 are changed, it is possible to easily cope with the change, so that extremely high versatility is exhibited. Furthermore, since the interpolation operation is executed by the logical operation circuit 36 composed of a DSP, high-speed operation becomes possible,
When recording the performance of the automatic piano, it is possible to calculate and record the stringing speed V and the stringing timing T in real time.
In the first embodiment, the shield plate 19 of the passage timing sensor 4 is configured to be disposed on the hammer shank 16 of the stringing mechanism. However, for example, a catcher, a catcher shank, a hammer wood, or the like is interlocked with the hammer 17. And a passage time sensor 4 corresponding to the other
Can also be arranged. Further, if the position of the hammer 17 is directly detected by the optical sensor, it is more effective.

Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the first embodiment described above, the string striking speed V and the string striking time T
The arithmetic circuit for calculating the above is constituted by the DSP.
However, in the second embodiment, a configuration will be described in which the calculation is realized by the MPU executing an arithmetic process.

As shown in FIG. 4, the arithmetic circuit 40 includes a CP
U40A, ROM 40B, RAM 40C, timer 40D
And a logical operation circuit around the common bus 40
E, the key sensor 5 via the input / output unit 40F, the first
To the third hammer sensors 21, 22, 23.

Next, the processing executed by the arithmetic circuit 40 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. First, the process shown in FIG. 5 is a timekeeping process that is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals, and performs timekeeping based on signals from each sensor. In step 100, a process of inputting detection signals of the key sensor 5 and the first to third hammer sensors 21, 22, and 23 and detecting a change is performed. That is, whether or not the key depression has started is determined by the hammer 17 at the position A,
It is determined which position of B or C has passed. In the following step 110, the passing times t _AB , t _BC , t according to the key press start and the hammer position detected in the above step 100.
Processing for calculating and storing the _CD is performed. After that, the clocking process is temporarily ended.

Next, the processing shown in FIG. 6 is an operation for calculating the string striking speed V and the string striking time T based on the passing times t _AB , t _BC , and t _CD obtained by the time counting processing of FIG. Processing. In step 200, a process of reading the transit times t _AB , t _BC , and t _CD stored by the above-described timing processing and the distances d _AB , d _BC , and d _CD stored in advance is performed. In the following step 210, a process of interpolating the time t _CD by the aforementioned equation (2) is performed. Next, proceeding to step 220, a process of calculating the string striking speed V using the time t _CD calculated in step 210 and the distance d _CD read in step 200 is performed. In the following step 230, the transit time t _AB , read in the above step 200 is added to the time t _CD calculated in the above step 210.
Addition of t _BC , t _CD and the time after the key is depressed, the estimated stringing timing T
Is calculated. Next, the process proceeds to step 240, in which a process of outputting the string striking speed V and the estimated string striking time T calculated in steps 220 and 230 to the outside is performed, and then the calculation process is temporarily terminated.

When configured as in the second embodiment, the following specific effects are obtained in addition to the effects of the first embodiment described above. That is, the arithmetic expression of the interpolation calculation is Aitken.
It can be easily changed to another interpolation operation formula other than the method of the above. Here, as another interpolation calculation method, for example, Lagra
The nge method, the Neville method, and the like can be applied. If another interpolation formula is applied, or if the order is changed to a higher or lower order using the same formula, the measurement point of the passage timing sensor 4 is also changed according to the increase or decrease of the order. Just change it. With this configuration, a combination that optimizes the accuracy and speed of the interpolation operation can be selected.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments at all. For example, an interpolation operation may be performed within a range not departing from the technical idea. As a matter of course, it can be realized in various modes such as applying an extrapolation method using a polynomial interpolation formula.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the stringing information of the stringing mechanism immediately before striking the string is transmitted to a plurality of continuous paths before the stringing mechanism reaches the stringing position. Since the calculation is performed by the interpolation calculation based on the passage information of the position, a very excellent effect that the string striking speed and the exact string striking time at the moment immediately before the string striking can be calculated is obtained.
Instead of actually measuring the turning state of the stringing mechanism to obtain the stringing information, it is only necessary to be able to detect the passage information of a plurality of continuous positions of the path that the stringing mechanism passes before reaching the stringing position. Therefore, the interval between a plurality of positions can be reduced, and the stringing information that reflects the actual stringing state more accurately can be calculated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an interpolation method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a process according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... stringing information calculation device for automatic piano 2 ... strings 3 ...
String striking mechanism, 4 passage time sensor, 5 key sensor,
6, 40 arithmetic circuit, 21 first hammer sensor, 2
2 ... second hammer sensor, 23 ... third hammer sensor, 36 ... logical operation circuit, 40A ... CPU

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A detecting means for detecting a value corresponding to a passage time between a plurality of successive positions of a path that the stringing mechanism of an automatic piano passes before reaching a stringing position; Storage means for storing the mutual distance equivalent amount between them in advance, and a plurality of points determined according to the distance equivalent amount between the plurality of positions stored in the storage means and the passage time equivalent value detected by the detection means. Calculating means for interpolating a value corresponding to a string striking position arrival time from when the string striking mechanism reaches the string striking position from any one of the plurality of positions, based on a higher-order expression passing through; A string striking speed calculating means for calculating a string striking speed of the string striking mechanism based on the calculated string striking position arrival time equivalent value and the distance equivalent amount stored in the storage means. Automatic Piano Stringing Speed Calculator . 2. A string striking start timing detecting means for detecting a value corresponding to a string striking operation start timing of a string striking mechanism of an automatic piano, and a path which the string striking mechanism of the automatic piano passes before reaching a string striking position. Detecting means for detecting a transit time equivalent value between a plurality of consecutive positions; storage means for storing in advance a mutual distance equivalent amount between the plurality of positions and the string striking position; The string striking mechanism moves from any one of the plurality of positions based on a high-order equation passing through a plurality of points determined according to the distance equivalent amount between the plurality of positions and the passage time equivalent value detected by the detection means. A calculating means for interpolating a value corresponding to the stringing position reaching time until the stringing position is reached; a stringing operation calculated by the calculating means and a stringing operation detected by the stringing start timing detecting means; Based on the start time equivalent value, A string striking time calculating device for calculating the string striking time of the string striking mechanism.