JP2929597B2 - Vehicle charging device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicular charging apparatus, and more particularly to a battery charging device that simultaneously supplies power to a high-voltage load that operates at a rated voltage higher than the voltage of a battery mounted on a vehicle. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vehicle charging device capable of satisfactorily charging a vehicle.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a high-voltage load whose rated voltage is higher than a battery voltage, for example, a front differential (front defroster)
When the battery is operated, it is desirable that the battery be charged even during the operation of a high-voltage load in order to prevent the battery from being insufficiently charged due to self-discharge or the like.

As a vehicle charging device satisfying the above requirements, there is one proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-89522. In this device, when a high-voltage load is operated, a power supply path of a generator → high-voltage load → battery is formed simultaneously with power supply to the high-voltage load, and the battery is charged even when the high-voltage load is operated.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the case of this type of high-voltage load, there is a demand to keep the power consumption constant in order to prevent overheating and the like, and because of the configuration of the high-voltage load, the current that can be supplied for battery charging is limited. Limited. Therefore, the following problems to be improved are presented.

(B) Battery full charge It is necessary to keep the battery voltage constant to prevent overcharge. For this reason, it is necessary to provide an auxiliary electric load and supply a predetermined surplus current thereto, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving.

(B) Insufficient charging The current that can be supplied by the high-voltage load is limited, and the normal load, such as an ignition control circuit, connected between the output terminal of the high-voltage load and the ground. On the other hand, it is necessary to supply a constant current. For this reason, the charging current that can be supplied to the battery is further limited, and there is a possibility that insufficient charging cannot be resolved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object that when a high-voltage load having a rated voltage higher than the battery voltage is used, the battery is charged well and unnecessary power consumption is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle charging apparatus for preventing such a situation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, the following vehicle charging device is provided.

A generator, a vehicle-mounted battery, and a vehicle charging device having a plurality of high-voltage loads having a higher rated voltage than the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery, wherein a plurality of the plurality of the batteries are provided between the output of the generator and the battery. A high-voltage load connection switching unit that switches and connects the high-voltage load to a parallel connection or a series connection; a charging information detection unit that detects a voltage of the battery and an output voltage of the generator; Resistance setting means for controlling the switching means to decrease or increase a combined resistance value of the plurality of high-voltage loads in response to a decrease or increase of the detected value from the predetermined value by comparing the detected value with the value. A generator output power for controlling the output voltage of the generator according to the increase or decrease of the combined resistance value so that the power consumption of the high voltage load is constant regardless of the increase or decrease of the combined resistance value. A vehicle charging device having a pressure control unit.

(Operation) In the above configuration, the detected value of the on-vehicle battery voltage is compared with a predetermined value, and the high voltage load is switched to a parallel connection or a series connection in response to a decrease or increase of the detected value from the predetermined value. The combined resistance of the voltage load is reduced or increased, and furthermore, the power of the generator is increased or decreased in accordance with the increase or decrease of the combined resistance so that the power consumption of the high-voltage load is constant regardless of the increase or decrease of the combined resistance. By controlling the output voltage to increase or decrease, the charging current of the vehicle-mounted battery is controlled.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a three-phase AC generator mounted on a vehicle, 2 is a battery mounted on a vehicle, and 3 is a generator 1 A voltage regulator for adjusting the voltage for charging supplied to the battery 2, 4 is an ignition switch, 5 is a high voltage load such as a front differential that operates at a higher rated voltage than the voltage of the battery 2, 6 is A switch comprising a switch 6a and contacts 6b and 6c for selecting the operation of the high-voltage load 5; when the high-voltage load 5 is not used, the switch 6a is connected to the contact 6b;
When the high voltage load 5 is used, the switch 6a is a switch connected to the contact 6c. Further, 7 is a normal load such as an ignition control circuit, 8 is a low voltage load, and 9 is a switch for operating the low voltage load 8.

In the voltage regulator 3, the npn transistor 10 controls the current supplied to the magnetic field coil 11 of the generator 1, and its collector is connected to the field coil 11 connected in parallel and the back electromotive force of the field coil 11. Diode for absorbing power
12. Connected to the anode of the battery 2 via an ignition switch 4, the emitter of which is grounded. The output of the comparator 13 is supplied to the base of the transistor 10.

The positive terminal of the input stage of the comparator 13 is reduced in pressure by connexion appropriate resistor 14 and Zener the voltages V ₁ to be held by the connexion constant diode 15, by connexion obtained by dividing by resistors 16 and 17 reference voltage V ₂ is is input. Capacitor 18 is resistance to hold the reference voltage V ₂ suitably 17
Are connected in parallel. A further resistor 19 and npn are connected between the plus terminal of the input stage of the comparator 13 and the ground.
Type transistor 20 is connected, the reference voltage V ₂ combined resistance value by the resistor 17 and 19 based on the base current provided to transistor 20 is set is adjusted.

On the other hand, the negative terminal of the input stage of the comparator 13
The voltage V ₃ to a resistor 21 and 22 obtained by dividing given. A resistor 23 and an npn-type transistor 24 are connected between the negative terminal and the ground, and a voltage appropriately reduced by the resistor 25 is applied to the base of the transistor 24 so that the resistors 22 and 23 are connected. the combined resistance value is set, the voltage V ₃ changes to be input to the negative terminal of the result comparator 13.

Accordance connexion, adjustment voltage V ₄ of the generator 1, the voltage V _2, V ₃ to be input to the comparator 13, the power consumption of the high voltage load 5, as will be described later, is controlled to be constant.

The npn transistor 26 includes a coil 27a and a coil 27a.
An electromagnetic switch 27 comprising a normally open contact 27b which is turned on by energization of a, and an on / off control of an electromagnetic switch 28 comprising a coil 28a and a contact 28b having the same configuration, and their collectors are connected in parallel. The connected coils 27a, 28a and the ignition switch 4 are connected to the anode of the battery 2, and the emitter is grounded. The output of the comparator 29 is provided to the base of the transistor 26, and this output is adjusted by the resistor 30.

The positive terminal of the input stage of the comparator 29 is connected to a resistor 3 from a voltage held constant by the Zener diode 15.
1, 32 is the reference voltage V ₅ that has been pressurized by connexion amount to be given. On the other hand, the minus terminal of the input stage, the voltage V ₆ is provided whose pressure by connexion min the resistor 33.

Accordance connexion, electromagnetic switch 27 and 28, voltage V ₆ is the reference voltage V ₅
If lower, that is, when Batsuteri voltage V ₇ is lower than the set voltage (e.g., 14 V) is on, when a high is made off.

The high-voltage load 5 includes, for example, three loads 5a, 5b, and 5c having the same rated resistance, and is connected between the output stage of the generator 1 and the anode of the battery 2. These loads 5a, 5b, relative to 5c, Batsuteri voltage V ₇ a set value (e.g. 14 V) or less,
That is, when the electromagnetic switches 27 and 28 are on, the loads 5a and
5b, 5c is connected in parallel between the anode of the output stage and Batsuteri 2 of the generator 1, Batsuteri voltage V ₇ is more than the set value, i.e. the load 5a when the electromagnetic switch 27 is off, 5b, 5
The normally open contacts 27b and 28b are connected such that c is connected in series.

In the vehicle charging device having the above-described configuration, the vehicle charging device may be configured by using a semiconductor switch instead of the electromagnetic switches 27 and 28. FIG. 2 shows an example.

In the figure, it is assumed that the input terminal IN is connected to the output stage of the generator 1 (not shown), and the output terminal OUT is also connected to the anode of the battery 2 (not shown). The collector of the npn transistor 40 is connected to the input terminal IN via the resistor 41, and the emitter is grounded. The voltage for turning on the transistor 40 is supplied appropriately when the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 not shown in its base is below the set value. Further, the base of the pnp transistor 42 is connected to an intermediate point between the resistor 41 and the collector of the transistor 40, so that when the transistor 40 is turned on, a required base voltage is supplied, and the emitter is connected to the input terminal IN. And its collector is connected to one end of each of the loads 5b and 5c.

On the other hand, the collector of the npn-type transistor 43 is connected to the other end of such load 5a via the resistor 44, the emitter is grounded, the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 (not shown) as in the case of transistor 40 to its base When the voltage is equal to or smaller than the set value, a voltage for turning on the transistor 43 is appropriately supplied. Further pn
The base of the p-type transistor 45 is a resistor 44 and a transistor 43
The required base voltage is supplied when the transistor 43 is on, the emitters are connected to the other ends of the loads 5a and 5b, and the collectors are connected to the output terminal OUT. I have.

In the above structure, if the following voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 set value, the base voltage is supplied to the appropriate transistor 40 and 43 is turned on with respect to the transistors 40 and 43,
Accordingly, the transistors 42 and 45 are also turned on. Therefore, the loads 5a, 5b, and 5c are connected to the input terminal IN and the output terminal OU.
It will be connected in parallel between T. On the other hand, if the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 sets or more transistors 40 and 43
Are in the off state, and therefore, the transistors 42 and 45 also remain in the off state. Therefore, the loads 5a, 5b, and 5c are connected in series between the input terminal IN and the output terminal OUT.

As described above, if a semiconductor switch is used instead of the electromagnetic switches 27 and 28, the switching speed is increased, and more stable and accurate control of the charging current becomes possible.

Further, in order to control the charging current in a more stable state, it is possible to set a larger resistance value of the high-voltage load. One example is shown in FIG.

In the figure, for example, the six loads 50a to 50f have the same resistance values, and the values are appropriately set. The normally open switch contacts 51 to 57 are turned on as shown in the following (a) to (d) in accordance with the charging current required for the battery 2 (not shown). For example, an electromagnetic switch or a semiconductor switch is used. Be composed.

(B) When a charging current of 50A is required (10A is supplied to a normal load) In this case, the normally open contacts 51 to 56 are all turned on, and the normally open contacts
At 57, the switch a to the contact c are connected (see FIG. 4).

(B) When a charging current of 20 A is required (10 A is supplied to a normal load) In this case, the normally open contacts 51, 53, 54, 52, and 56 are turned on, and the normally open contact 57 is connected between the switch a and the contact b. (See FIG. 5).

(C) When a charging current of 10 A is required (10 A is supplied to a normal load) In this case, the normally open contacts 53, 51, 55, and 56 are turned on, and the normally open contact 57 connects the switch a and the contact c. (See FIG. 6).

(D) When the battery 2 is fully charged and no charging current is required (supplying 10 A to the normal load) In this case, only the normally open contact 54 is turned on and the normally open contact 57 is connected between the switch a and the contact b. (See FIG. 7).

The operation of the vehicle charging device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.

(A) When the high voltage load 5 is not used (normal power generation): In this case, the switch 6 is connected between the switch 6a and the contact 6b.

Comparator 13 Given by V ₂ = V _3, that is, tuning of generator 1 The current supplied to the field coil 11 is controlled by the transistor 10 so as to satisfy the condition (1). That is, when the voltage V _{7 of the} battery 2 is less than the set value, the current flowing to the field coil 11 is increased, and when the voltage V ₇ is equal to or more than the set value, the current flowing to the field coil 11 is decreased. The energization control is performed.

(B) When using the high voltage load 5 The switch 6 is connected to the switch 6a and the contact 6c. In this case, the high voltage loads 5a, 5b, 5c are connected to the output stage of the generator 1 and the battery 2
And the battery 2 is charged at the same time when the high voltage load 5 is used.

(B1) When the voltage V ₇ of the battery 2 is lower than a set value (for example, 14 V) (when the battery 2 needs to be charged): In this case, the reference voltage is applied to the input stage of the comparator 29.
V _5> input voltage V ₆ next to the transistor 26, 20. is turned on. When the transistor 26 is turned on, the coils 27a and 28a are energized, and the contacts 27b and 28b are closed. As a result, loads 5a, 5b, 5
c is connected in parallel. When the transistor 20 turns on, the resistance 1
The combined resistance value of 7, 19 is smaller than the case of only the resistor 17, the reference voltage V ₂ is reduced.

Further, the switch 6a and the contact 6c are connected in the switch 6, and the transistor 24 is turned on. Transistor
24 is smaller combined resistance value of the resistors 22 and 23 than when off, the input voltage V ₃ becomes smaller. Like this transistor
The voltage V ₂ , V ₃ supplied to the comparator 13 is adjusted by turning on / off 20, 24, and the regulated voltage V ₄ of the generator 1 is controlled.

Here, the high voltage load 5a, 5b, each rating 5c is 50 V / 10A, current 10A supplied to the common load 7, the low voltage load 8 off, Batsuteri second voltage V ₇ = 13.9V (<14V) Assuming that the regulated voltage V ₄ of the generator 1 is 64, the terminal voltage V _R of the high-voltage load 5 is _{R R} =
_{V 4 -V 7 = 64-13.9 = 50.1V} , high voltage load 5 to the current supplied is rated for each load 50 V / 10A because 10A + 10A + 10A = 30
A, the amount of heat generated by the high voltage load 5 W = 50.1V × 30A ≒ 1.5KW
As the charging current of the battery 2, a value obtained by subtracting the current 10A flowing to the normal load from the current 30A flowing to the high voltage load 5 is supplied as 20A.

(B2) when the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 is higher than the set value (e.g., 14 V) (when the charge of Batsuteri 2 is not required): (B1) state approaches the Batsuteri voltage V ₇ is set to Batsuteri charge 2 is filled with the Higher than the value. In this case the comparator
29 reference voltages V ₅ <next input voltage V ₆ at the input stage of the transistor 26 is a coil 27, 28 turned off is in a state not energized. As a result, the contacts 27b and 28b open and the high voltage load 5a,
5b and 5c return to the state of series connection. Also, the transistor 20
There reference voltage V ₂ to become OFF is supplied to the positive terminal of the input stage of the comparator 13 at a higher value than the state of (B1). The result field current flowing through the field coil 11 is increased, adjustment voltage V ₄ of the generator 1 is increased as compared to the state (B1).

Here the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 14.1 V (> 14 V), the adjustment voltage of the generator 1 is V ₄ = 164V, low voltage load 8 is turned off and the current supplied to the common load 7 and 10A, a high voltage Voltage V _R at both ends of load 5 = V _4- V ₇ = 164-14.1 = 1
49.9V, the current flowing through the high voltage load 5 is 10A because the loads 5a, 5b, 5c are connected in series, and the heat amount W generated in the load 5 = 1
49.9 × 10 × 1.5KW. The charging current of the battery 2 is 0 A because 10 A is supplied to the ordinary load. Therefore, returning to the state of re-lower the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 the start of the discharge Batsuteri 2 (B1).

Since the adjustment voltage V ₄ and the voltage V ₇ of Batsuteri 2 of the generator 1 changes is slow, using a semiconductor switch shown in FIG. 2 instead of the electromagnetic switch 27 and 28, stable if fast switching-operation The obtained voltage is obtained.

If the number of resistors is increased as shown in FIG. 3, a relatively stable voltage control can be performed even when the switching speed is low.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a vehicle charging apparatus according to a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied. The same components as those of the vehicle charging device of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

The electrical control Yunitsuto 60, two types of signals, namely ON the adjustment voltage V ₄ and the electromagnetic switch 27 of the generator 1 DUTY
(Hereinafter referred to as D) is input. The electric control unit 60 calculates the optimum adjustment voltage V ₄ for keeping the power consumption W (heat generation) of the high-voltage load 5 constant based on the two kinds of input signals, and adjusts the adjustment voltage V of the generator 1. A signal for instructing the voltage regulator 3 to switch ₄ is output. This will be described below.

The average calorific value W when using high voltage load 5 is Given by (Where V _R = V ₄ −V ₇ , 5/3 [Ω] is the parallel resistance of the high-voltage load 5 and 15 [Ω] is the series resistance of the high-voltage load 5.) 1.5K rated power consumption (average power consumption)
If W, it is necessary to satisfy the following expression (100b).

Finally, rearranging equation (100b) Optimum adjustment voltage V ₄ is obtained by detecting the D voltage V ₇ and the electromagnetic switch 27 and 28 of formula (100c) is clear as Batsuteri 2. The switching of the adjustment voltage of the generator 1 with respect to the voltage regulator 3, based on the optimum deviation adjustment voltage V ₄ calculated by the actual adjustment voltage V ₄ and the electrical control Yunitsuto 60 detected by the electric control Yunitsuto 60 By outputting the instruction signal, the heat generation amount of the high-voltage load 5 is kept constant.

(Effect of the Invention) According to the configuration of claim 1 of the present application, a high-voltage load is switched to parallel connection or series connection in response to a decrease or increase of a detected value of a vehicle-mounted battery voltage from a predetermined value to reduce or increase a combined resistance value. Further, even if the combined resistance value decreases or increases, the output voltage of the generator is controlled to increase or decrease according to the increase or decrease in the combined resistance value so that the power consumption of the high-voltage load is constant. Thus, the vehicle battery voltage can be satisfactorily charged to a predetermined value, and unnecessary power consumption can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial circuit diagram of FIG. 1 showing a connection state of a high-voltage load using a semiconductor switch. 4A to 4C are views showing a high voltage load and a modification of a switch for connecting the high voltage load. FIGS. 4 to 7 are diagrams showing connection states of resistors which change depending on the current value flowing through the high voltage load in FIG. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an outline of a vehicle charging apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. (Explanation of reference numerals) 1... Generator 2... Battery 3... Voltage regulator 5... High-voltage load

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vehicular charging apparatus having a generator, a vehicle-mounted battery, and a plurality of high-voltage loads having a higher rated voltage than the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery, wherein an output between the generator and the battery is provided. A high-voltage load connection switching unit that switches and connects the plurality of high-voltage loads to a parallel connection or a series connection; a charging information detection unit that detects a voltage of the battery and an output voltage of the generator; Comparing the detected value with a predetermined value and controlling the switching means to decrease or increase the combined resistance value of the plurality of high-voltage loads in response to a decrease or increase of the detected value from the predetermined value. Resistance value setting means for controlling the output voltage of the generator according to the increase or decrease of the combined resistance value so that the power consumption of the high voltage load is constant regardless of the increase or decrease of the combined resistance value. A vehicle charging device having a generator output voltage control means. 2. The vehicle charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said switching means includes a switch for switching a plurality of said high-voltage loads to a use state or a non-use state. 3. The generator output voltage control means sets a target adjustment voltage of the generator so as to keep the power consumption of the plurality of high voltage loads constant, and adjusts the output voltage of the generator to the target voltage. 2. The vehicle charging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for controlling the regulated voltage.