JP2932520B2 - Method of supporting structures with cylinders - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of supporting a structure with a predetermined force at each support point of a plurality of cylinders, and more particularly, to a method of supporting a structure at each support point of the structure. The present invention relates to a method of supporting a structure by a cylinder, which manages a reaction force and supports the structure in a posture of a natural body in which a manufacturing error appears.

[Background Art] As a supporting method of this type, the present applicant has previously proposed a method of managing a reaction force of a structure suitable for supporting a structure with a plurality of jacks in a posture of a natural body in which a manufacturing error has appeared. Provided (Japanese Patent Application No. 63-261120).

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention provides a method of supporting a structure by a cylinder, which can start supporting the structure stably and in a short time when the structure is supported by a jack. It is intended to be.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a structure supported in advance at a predetermined height by a temporary support is supported by a plurality of cylinders instead of the temporary support. A method of supporting a structure by a cylinder, wherein each cylinder is extended by pressure control and brought into contact with the structure, and the extension of each cylinder is stopped by detecting a pressure rise of each cylinder at the time of the contact. Then, after all the cylinders have stopped, each cylinder is expanded and contracted by position control, whereby the reaction force acting on the structure from each cylinder is set to a predetermined value.

[Operation] In the present invention, the extension of each cylinder is stopped by an increase in pressure when the cylinder comes into contact with the structure. For this reason, the support of the structure is started with a constant force by the plurality of cylinders.
That is, the support of the structure is started in a stable state.
Moreover, since each cylinder extends directly to the structure, the time required for each cylinder to support the structure is reduced. Further, since the reaction force of each cylinder is set to a predetermined value from a state where the structure is supported by a constant reaction force, it is possible to save time until the reaction force is set to a predetermined value.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the main tower block W
And a method of supporting the long bridge main tower block W with a cylinder will be described with an example. Therefore, the main bridge block W of the long bridge is briefly described first.

This long bridge main tower block (hereinafter simply referred to as “block”
W is, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, one inner cell W1 having a rectangular cross section and two outer cells having a convex cross section.
The cells W2, W2 are assembled by bolting, and the cells W1, W2, W2 themselves are welded. The block W constitutes a long bridge main tower by being connected in plural with the Z-axis direction as the vertical direction,
The upper and lower surfaces of the block W that overlaps vertically serve as touch surfaces that abut against each other. This touch surface is formed by cutting with reference to the block core in the Z-axis direction of the block W, and the upper and lower touch surfaces are abutted to connect the block W in the vertical direction to form a final long bridge. It is designed to satisfy strict machining accuracy in the main tower.

Such a block W has the following special features.

The block W is slightly twisted and deformed by the influence of distortion during processing such as welding generated in the three cells W1, W2, and W2 themselves. Naturally, the twist of the block W due to those deformations is unique and cannot be calculated. Hereinafter, the twist is referred to as “manufacturing twist”.

When the block W is placed vertically as shown in FIG. 4A, that is, when the Z-axis direction of the block W is set as the vertical direction, the block W shrinks by a small amount Δl in the Z-axis direction. Not externally restrained. Therefore, the "manufacturing twist" appears as it is. However, in the figure, the block W is simplified as a rectangular parallelepiped.

When the block W is placed horizontally as shown in FIG. 4 (b), that is, when the Z-axis direction of the block W is set as the horizontal direction, the distance between the left and right support points as shown in the center line of FIG. Calculated deflection as a beam spanned over However, since an actual block W is provided with many webs and flange materials capable of resisting as a support beam, considering these, when the block W is symmetrically supported at a plurality of points, the beam is prevented. The deflection is extremely small,
It is negligible compared to "manufacturing twist",
The effect on machining accuracy is extremely small. In the following, the deflection is referred to as "beam deflection". In addition,
Also in the figure, the block W is simplified as a rectangular parallelepiped.

In the case of the present embodiment, such a block W is supported by the analysis apparatus S shown in FIG. 1 in a posture of a natural body in which a manufacturing error has appeared.

By the way, for example, if a block W (structure) is floating in outer space, the block W is not constrained at all by the surroundings, and therefore has a natural shape unique to the block W,
That is, if there is a manufacturing error in the block W, the error appears. The present invention simulates such a natural shape on the ground in a pseudo manner using the principle described below.

Assuming that the block W is manufactured without error (hereinafter, referred to as "ideal") and that the bottom surface is a perfect plane having no curvature and no distortion, the bottom surface of the block W is formed by a plurality of points, for example, four points. , The support reaction force at each support point is theoretically obtained from the position of each support point and the weight distribution of the block W. Then, when the block W is actually supported at the respective supporting point positions and the supporting reaction force similar to the above, the block W is supported by its own unique form without being restrained by twisting or the like from the supporting reaction force. Will be done. However,
On the ground, gravity causes deflection between the support points, which can be done by adjusting the number or position of the support points,
By using a high rigid portion in the middle as a support point, the influence of deflection can be minimized, and the amount of deflection can be fed back to the shape recognition of the block W by analysis.

Based on such a principle, even if there is a manufacturing error in the block W, if the block W is supported at the same support point position and the support reaction force as described above, the block W is not restricted by twisting or the like from the support reaction force. Manufacturing errors appear, and the unique form of the device is reproduced. In this specification,
Reproducing the unique form of the block W (structure) is hereinafter referred to as "non-stressed natural body" as appropriate, assuming that no stress such as torsion acts on the block W due to the supporting reaction force.

By the way, when the block W is placed on, for example, a surface plate (a rigid body and a mounting surface is flat), the block W is in a state of being adjusted to the surface plate by its own weight. Due to stress, even if there is a manufacturing error, it does not appear on the outer shape. Therefore, if the block W is simply supported at a plurality of points, the block W is supported in a state in which the block W is adjusted to the respective supporting points, as in the case where the block W is mounted on the surface plate.

The present invention is used to pseudo-reproduce the natural shape of the block W on the ground as described above.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an NC table (mounting table), and 2 denotes a board (temporary support) that supports the block W on the NC table 1 in advance. The size of the board 2 is set so as to support the block W higher than the NC platen 1 than the axially-reduced length of the electro-hydraulic servo cylinder (jack) 3 reduced to the minimum.

The servo cylinder 3 supports the block W with a rod 3b that expands and contracts from a cylinder tube 3a. The servo driver (servo valve) 5, which has a function of controlling the expansion and contraction of the rod 3b, detects a protrusion output of the rod 3b. And a stroke sensor for detecting the amount of protrusion of the rod 3b. The pressure sensor is
The minimum detectable pressure is 0.25 kg / cm ² , and the stroke sensor has a resolution of 0.05 mm. Servo cylinder 3 above
Are installed at positions where the dimensions in the block W are specified and at positions where the “bending as a beam” is reduced, and are controlled by the system controller 4. I have.

As shown in FIG. 2, the system controller 4 controls the servo cylinder 3 via the servo driver 5 and is connected to a total of four three-dimensional coordinate measuring devices 6 provided around the NC surface plate 1. I have. The system controller 4 is operated by a structural analysis program 4a and a system control program 4b.

The structural analysis program 4a calculates a load acting on each servo cylinder 3 by inputting drawing information and inputting the position of each servo cylinder 3 with respect to the block W.

The system control program 4b controls the servo cylinders 3 to support the blocks W in place of the boards 2 by extending the rods 3a of the servo cylinders 3, and controls the servo cylinders 3 to act on the blocks W from the servo cylinders 3. The protrusion amount of the rod 3a is delicately controlled so that the force matches the calculated load.

The three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 6 includes an electronic theodolite 6a and a data processing device 6b, and confirms the shape of the block W with three-dimensional coordinates.

Next, a method for managing the reaction force of the block W with the analyzer S configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

First, from the ideal shape and weight of the block W on the drawing (step S1) obtained from the drawing information, the theoretical load (support reaction force) acting on each servo cylinder 3, the support position by the servo cylinder 3, and Calculate the deflection due to the load distribution (corresponding to "the deflection as a beam") (Step
S2). Further, the calculation result and the position are printed out (step S3). Then, the receiving position of the block W is determined on the NC platen 1 (step S4), and the step S3 is performed.
The servo cylinder 3 is set at the position printed out in step S, and the block W is set on the board 2 (step S).
Five).

After installing the block W and the servo cylinder 3 as described above, the rod 3b of the servo cylinder 3 is raised. At this time, the pressure of each servo cylinder 3 is controlled, thereby raising the rod 3b. When the upper end of the rod 3b comes into contact with the lower surface of the block W, the pressure of the hydraulic oil increases. The increase in the pressure is detected by a pressure sensor provided in the servo cylinder 3, and the rod 3b is stopped. Thus, the block W is supported by a constant reaction force from each servo cylinder 3. When the rods 3b of all the servo cylinders 3 have stopped, the servo cylinders 3 are switched to position control, and the rods 3b are raised to a height at which the block W can be sufficiently supported by the servo cylinders 3 alone (10 mm to 20 mm in the embodiment). Next, the actual weight of the block W is calculated from the sum of the actual reaction forces acting on the block W from each servo cylinder 3, and this actual weight is compared with the weight (in the structural analysis) of the block W obtained in the previous step S1 ( Proportional distribution of the difference from the design weight)
The theoretical support reaction force calculated in (1) is corrected to obtain a target reaction force value (step S7). For example, the theoretical supporting reaction force is increased or decreased by an amount corresponding to the ratio between the actual weight of the former and the weight of the latter, and is set as the target reaction force value. Thereafter, the target reaction forces are compared with each other (step S8), and ideally they are made to coincide. That is, until the condition of step S8 is satisfied, step S
6. Step S7 is repeated, during which the rod 3b of the servo cylinder 3 that does not reach the target reaction force value is gradually raised. The condition in step S8 is the difference between the target reaction force value R ₀ of each servo cylinder 3 and the actual reaction force R ₁ actually used for the block W from each servo cylinder 3 (R ₀ −R ₁ ). Falls within the range of −2% to + 2% of the target reaction force value R ₀ . As described above, the definition of -2% to + 2% is that if the value exceeds this range, the accuracy of the touch surface above and below the block W is deviated according to the error of the reaction force, and as a result, the blocks W are stacked vertically. This is because the vertical accuracy of the main tower of the long bridge deteriorates. Then, when the condition of step S8 is satisfied and the process proceeds to step S9, in step S9, the stroke sensor detects the amount of protrusion of the rod 3b of the servo cylinder 3, and thereby the block in which the servo cylinder 3 contacts The position of the lower surface of W is confirmed by three-dimensional coordinates. Based on these coordinates, the shape of the lower surface of the block W is output to the display screen in step S10.

Thereafter, the coordinates of the peripheral surface of the block W are obtained by the four three-dimensional coordinate measuring devices 6 provided around the NC surface plate 1 and the coordinates are inputted to the system controller 1 (step).
S11, 12). Then, the shape of the block W is recognized based on the coordinates obtained by the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 6 (step S1).
3) The shape of the actual block W and the shape of the ideal block in design are output to the display screen (step S14).
Thus, the shape of the stress-free natural body in the block W is recognized.

According to the reaction force management method by the analyzing device S configured as described above, first, the plurality of servo cylinders 3 come into contact with the block W with a constant force and stop.
The support of the block W by the servo cylinder 3 instead of the board 2 can be started stably. Moreover, since each servo cylinder 3 extends directly to the block W, the time required to support the block W can be reduced.
Since the movement of each servo cylinder 3 can be stopped by simple control of detecting a pressure rise, there is an advantage that control is simplified. In addition, since the reaction force of each servo cylinder 3 is adjusted from the state where the block W is supported by the constant reaction force, the reaction force can be changed to the target reaction force in a short time.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, each cylinder is extended by pressure control and is brought into contact with the structure. Since the extension of the cylinders is stopped and all the cylinders are stopped, each cylinder is expanded and contracted by position control, thereby setting the reaction force acting on the structure from each cylinder to a predetermined value. The structure can be supported by a constant reaction force of the plurality of cylinders. That is, the support of the structure can be stably started with a constant force. Moreover, since each cylinder extends directly to the structure, the time required to support the structure can be reduced. Also,
Since the reaction force of each cylinder is set to a predetermined value from a state where the structure is supported by a constant reaction force, the time required to set the reaction force to a predetermined value can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 5 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main tower block of a long bridge installed in an analyzer, and FIG. 2 is a system controller and its periphery. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the main tower block of the long bridge, FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic perspective view of the main tower block installed vertically, and FIG. 3 (b) is a long bridge. Schematic perspective view when the main tower block is placed horizontally, FIG.
(C) is a flowchart showing the procedure of the reaction force management method. 1 ... NC surface plate (mounting table) 2 ... wood (temporary support), 3 ... servo cylinder, 3a ... cylinder tube, 3b ... rod, W ... structure (long tower bridge block) ).

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masaaki Matsuba 3-2-16-1 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawa-jima-Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Toyosu General Office (72) Inventor Sumio Asano 5-chome Mitsumachi, Kure-shi, Hiroshima Prefecture No. 17 Ishikawajima-Hari Ma Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.Kure Shingu Factory (72) Inventor Takayoshi Tadashi Chopsticks 1 Shinnakahara-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. 4-19-30 Kita-suna 4-chome No. 504 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E01D 21/00 E01D 19/02 G01M 19/00 E04H 12/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of supporting a structure supported in advance by a plurality of cylinders in place of said temporary support and a structure supported by a temporary support at a predetermined height, said method comprising: The cylinder is extended by pressure control to abut against the structure, the pressure rise of each cylinder at the time of the abutment is detected, and the extension of each cylinder is stopped. A method of supporting a structure by a cylinder, wherein the structure is expanded / contracted by position control, whereby a reaction force acting on the structure from each cylinder is set to a predetermined value.